CN107409698A - A kind of implantation methods of sorghum - Google Patents

A kind of implantation methods of sorghum Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107409698A
CN107409698A CN201710626206.9A CN201710626206A CN107409698A CN 107409698 A CN107409698 A CN 107409698A CN 201710626206 A CN201710626206 A CN 201710626206A CN 107409698 A CN107409698 A CN 107409698A
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China
Prior art keywords
soil
sorghum
implantation methods
fertilizer
days
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CN201710626206.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张洋
李雅颖
姚槐应
吴愉萍
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Ningbo Urban Environment Observation And Research Station-Nueors Chinese Academy Of Sciences
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
Institute of Urban Environment of CAS
Original Assignee
Ningbo Urban Environment Observation And Research Station-Nueors Chinese Academy Of Sciences
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
Institute of Urban Environment of CAS
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Priority to CN201710626206.9A priority Critical patent/CN107409698A/en
Publication of CN107409698A publication Critical patent/CN107409698A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/08Immunising seed
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/02Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of implantation methods of sorghum, belong to field of plant cultivation.Described implantation methods include cultivating the sorghum seeds plantation of germination into the soil that pH is 6.4 6.6.Specially:Soil sieve into hack and is determined into the pH value of soil, adjusts soil pH to add water to 6.4 6.6, stablize 37 days;Then apply fertilizer, cultivating soil is obtained after stablizing 14 days;Sorghum seeds are soaked to 3 6s in alcohol, then cleaned with water, then seed is put into the culture dish for being lined with filter paper, the vernalization 35 days in 22 28 DEG C of incubator is until germination;Sorghum seeds after germination are planted in cultivating soil, cultivated after spray water in hot-house culture case.The present invention is adjusted to 6.4 6.6 by the pH for the soil for planting sorghum seeds, and the biological nitration inhibitor of sorghum rhizosphere secretion reaches maximization, there is provided regulation and control Nitrogen Cycling, is improved Nitrogen utility and is reduced Soil Trace Gases.

Description

A kind of implantation methods of sorghum
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of implantation methods of sorghum, belong to field of plant cultivation.
Background technology
Sorghum also known as Chinese sorghum, be one of China's dry land grain crops, be both the grain of people, be again livestock good feed and The primary raw material of wine brewing.Sorghum has abundant nutrition, in addition to for making wine, eating and make feed, is processed in sugaring Industrially also there is wide purposes.Sorghum broom can make broom handle, and sorghum stalk can be made into glued board and do construction material, and sorghum is really all over the body All it is precious.And a large amount of nitrogenous fertilizer are often applied, because nitrification is formed in Nitrogen Cycling in sorghum is planted in order to improve yield Nitrate nitrogen easily by leaching and it is denitrifying influence, cause serious nitrogen loss, while cause surface water pollution and life State environmental disruption.Although some N-fertilizer management measures and the use of slow-release or control-release fertilizer reduce nitre to a certain extent in the prior art The nitrogen loss of change effect, but its increased manpower, means of agricultural production cost are very important, and effect is also preferable not to the utmost.Nitrogenous fertilizer is coordinated to use Nitrification inhibitor, help to reduce nitrogen loss, improve nitrogen utilization efficiency.Pass through in many artificial synthesized nitrification inhibiting substances Detailed crop field is assessed, and is put into use in some farmlands.But artificial synthesized nitrification inhibiting substances, more or less have In-convenience in use, performance is unstable, selling at exorbitant prices, the bio-diversity for easily causing underground water pollution, influenceing natural ecosystems Etc. limitation
Biological nitration inhibitor compared with the nitrification inhibitor that artificial chemistry synthesizes, its from secretions from plant roots or Person's extract, it is natural compound, it is small to eco-environmental impact.Existing document report exists in saprophytic Brachiaria Griseb and sorghum Specific nitrification inhibiting substances, by the excavation to these materials, not only facilitate research and understand one in natural ecosystems A little nitrification suppressions, strengthen the nitrification rejection ability of crop by means such as environment conditioning, breedings and improve nitrogen utilization efficiency ([6]Byrnes R C,et al.Biological nitrification inhibition by Brachiaria grasses mitigates soil nitrous oxide emissions from bovine urine patches[J] .Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2017,107:156-163.)。
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to be directed to the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, there is provided a kind of extremely convenient, environmental pollution It is small, the implantation methods of the low sorghum of cost.
The present invention's is that above-mentioned purpose is achieved through the following technical solutions:A kind of implantation methods of sorghum, described plantation Method includes cultivating the sorghum seeds plantation of germination into the soil that pH is 6.4-6.6.
The present invention is adjusted to 6.4-6.6, the biological nitre of sorghum rhizosphere secretion by the pH for the soil for planting sorghum seeds Change inhibitor and reach maximization, there is provided regulation and control Nitrogen Cycling, improve Nitrogen utility and reduce Soil Trace Gases.
In the implantation methods of above-mentioned sorghum, described implantation methods specifically comprise the following steps:
Adjust pH value:Soil sieve into hack and is determined into the pH value of soil, then with lime stone or sulphur adjust soil pH to 6.4-6.6, while the water for accounting for soil total amount 20-40% is added, it is stable 3-7 days to be put into dim place;
Fertilising:Apply fertilizer into the soil after stabilization, cultivating soil is obtained after stable 1-4 days;
Vernalization:Sorghum seeds are soaked into 3-6s in the alcohol that concentration is 65-75%, then cleaned with water, then by seed It is put into the culture dish for being lined with filter paper, vernalization 3-5 days in 22-28 DEG C of incubator is until germination;
Cultivation:Sorghum seeds after germination are planted in cultivating soil, cultivated after spray water in hot-house culture case.
The water for accounting for soil total amount 20-40% is added after pH value is adjusted in the present invention, is put into dim place's stabilization 3-7 days, Because if the water added is too many during this, soil is overly wet too glutinous, is unfavorable for the sowing of seed below, if added too It is few, it is unfavorable for soil mixing and mobility, is unfavorable for lime and soil is sufficiently mixed.Add after water at dim place be stably in order that Make soil system more stable.It is within stable 1-4 days after fertilising in order that plant grows more preferable, makes soil system is more stable to be beneficial to Plant growth.In the planting process of the present invention, seed is first soaked in alcohol, sterilization, sterilization can be played a part of, be easy to Seed preferably germinates
In the implantation methods of above-mentioned sorghum, preferably, described fertilizer is nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer.The nitrogenous fertilizer of application The shoot and leaf growth of plant can be promoted, make branches and leaves more luxuriant.If the plant growth later stage finds leaf flavescence purpling, can add Trace element and water are according to 1g:1000mL ratio spring application.
Further preferably, described trace element is the one or more in iron, boron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum and chlorine.If lack These few trace elements, plant can turn to be yellow phenomena such as blue.Iron deficiency symptoms, new leaf apex blade and lateral vein are often come across, Into light green to yellowish-white change between vein;The symptom of boron deficiency occurs to grow in the growing point of top tip, spire, root tuber, stem or fruit etc. Developmental tissue, its symptom are because of crop and different;There is young sprout blade first in copper deficiency shape, dark green leaf color and crimp, so in leaf The green branch of lower section often produces yellow spotting because of the accumulation of carbohydrate at base;Zinc deficiency symptom comes across young sprout first Blade, symptom are slightly different because of crop species;Manganese deficiency symptom primarily occur ins young sprout blade, yellow between vein and in green light Color, the bottle green band for only still keeping green with middle rib and main vein adjoining part and differing in width.
Further preferably, the addition of nitrogenous fertilizer is 0.2-0.25g in every kilogram of soil.
Still further preferably, described nitrogenous fertilizer is one or both of urea, potassium nitrate.Nitrogenous fertilizer in every kilogram of soil Addition is 0.2-0.25g.
Further preferably, described potash fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer are potassium dihydrogen phosphate.Potassium dihydrogen phosphate makees phosphorus again as potash fertilizer Fertilizer, i.e., enough make plant more sturdy, very large, more effectively facilitate plant growth added with vitality and vigor, and can, make plant cell Division is more vigorous.If lacking potash fertilizer in soil, plant can listless, blade face flavescence or color and luster dimness.
Still further preferably, the addition of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 0.08-0.15g in every kilogram of soil.
In the implantation methods of above-mentioned sorghum, described filter paper is the filter paper being soaked in water.Sorghum kind of the prior art Son needs the nutrient solution of complexity to carry out culture vernalization in pregermination procedure, and in the present invention sorghum seeds first with after alcohol-pickled, Culture medium need not be reused, it is only necessary to which spray water extremely moistens on filter paper.And seeds cultivation after vernalization is native to cultivation Required fertilizer is can be obtained by earth, and the growth after not influenceing, greatly reduce production cost.
In the implantation methods of above-mentioned sorghum, the temperature on the hot-house culture case daytime is 25-30 DEG C, and the temperature in evening is 20-24℃。
Compared with prior art, the present invention is adjusted to 6.4-6.6, Radix Sorghum vulgare Pers by the pH for the soil for planting sorghum seeds The biological nitration inhibitor of border secretion reaches maximization, there is provided regulation and control Nitrogen Cycling, improves Nitrogen utility and reduces soil greenhouse Gas.
Embodiment
It is the specific embodiment of the present invention below, technical scheme is further described, but the present invention is simultaneously It is not limited to these embodiments.
As shown in table 1, every square metre of (m2) soil improve pH value required for lime and sulphur amount (kg), this form is carried The data of confession only refer to for art personnel, can change or supplement according to the concrete condition of different soils.
Table 1:
Embodiment 1
Weigh 50g, cross 100 mesh pH=4.44 be Zhejiang Bei Lun mountain regions tangerine woods soil in 20 square cartridges, measure soil The pH value of earth, pH to 6.5 is adjusted with lime stone, while add the water for accounting for soil total amount 30%, be put into dim place and stablize 5 days, according to The soil dry-wet situation of soil surface, it is determined whether continue to spray.
Fertilising:Urea (addition in every kilogram of soil is 0.22g) and biphosphate are applied into the soil after stabilization Potassium (addition of every kilogram of soil is 0.12g), cultivating soil is obtained after stablizing 2 days.
Vernalization:Sorghum seeds are soaked into 4s in the alcohol that concentration is 70%, then cleaned with water, then seed is put into pad In the culture dish for having filter paper (being soaked in water), the vernalization 4 days in 25 DEG C of incubator is until germination;
Cultivation:Sorghum seeds after germination are planted in cultivating soil, cultivated after spray water in hot-house culture case, temperature The temperature on room incubator daytime is 28 DEG C, and the temperature in evening is 22 DEG C.
Embodiment 2
Weigh 50g, cross 100 mesh pH=4.44 be Zhejiang Bei Lun mountain regions tangerine woods soil in 20 square cartridges, measure soil The pH value of earth, pH to 6.4 is adjusted with lime stone, while add the water for accounting for soil total amount 20%, be put into dim place and stablize 6 days, according to The soil dry-wet situation of soil surface, it is determined whether continue to spray.
Fertilising:Urea (addition in every kilogram of soil is 0.2g) and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are applied into the soil after stabilization (addition of every kilogram of soil is 0.15g), cultivating soil is obtained after stablizing 3 days.
Vernalization:Sorghum seeds are soaked into 6s in the alcohol that concentration is 65%, then cleaned with water, then seed is put into pad In the culture dish for having filter paper (being soaked in water), the vernalization 5 days in 22 DEG C of incubator is until germination;
Cultivation:Sorghum seeds after germination are planted in cultivating soil, cultivated after spray water in hot-house culture case, temperature The temperature on room incubator daytime is 30 DEG C, and the temperature in evening is 24 DEG C.
Embodiment 3
Weigh 50g, cross 100 mesh pH=4.44 be Zhejiang Bei Lun mountain regions tangerine woods soil in 20 square cartridges, measure soil The pH value of earth, pH to 6.6 is adjusted with lime stone, while add the water for accounting for soil total amount 40%, be put into dim place and stablize 7 days, according to The soil dry-wet situation of soil surface, it is determined whether continue to spray.
Fertilising:Urea (addition in every kilogram of soil is 0.25g) and biphosphate are applied into the soil after stabilization Potassium (addition of every kilogram of soil is 0.08g), cultivating soil is obtained after stablizing 4 days.
Vernalization:Sorghum seeds are soaked into 3s in the alcohol that concentration is 75%, then cleaned with water, then seed is put into pad In the culture dish for having filter paper (being soaked in water), the vernalization 3 days in 28 DEG C of incubator is until germination;
Cultivation:Sorghum seeds after germination are planted in cultivating soil, cultivated after spray water in hot-house culture case, temperature The temperature on room incubator daytime is 25 DEG C, and the temperature in evening is 20 DEG C.
Comparative example 1
With differing only in for embodiment 1, soil is adjusted into pH to 5.5 with lime stone in the comparative example 1.
Comparative example 2
With differing only in for embodiment 1, soil is adjusted into pH to 7.5 with lime stone in the comparative example 2.
Table 2:
As shown in table 2, it is that the sorghum seeds after germination are planted to cultivating soil in embodiment 1, comparative example 1, comparative example 2 In after the content of nitrate nitrogen surveyed by the way of Flow Analyzer of the 60th day sorghum Rhizosphere Soil, wherein CK is blank control group, The CK groups that differ only in i.e. with embodiment 1, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 do not plant sorghum.
Three different pH value processing, afterwards compared with blank control, pH's soil plantation sorghum of pH=5.5,6.5,7.5 exists 5.5th, 6.5,7.5 times ammonia-nitrogen contents reduce 0.354,1.33, -0.86 respectively, and nitrate nitrogen content reduces 73,86,65 respectively; Show pH be 6.5 when, planted sorghum rhizosphere soil soil survey ammoniacal nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen have compared with the control of no kind of sorghum It is decreased obviously, illustrates that sorghum rhizosphere has rejection ability to nitrification, and effect when pH6.5 than pH is 5.5,7.5 is well a lot, When showing pH=6.5, the ability that sorghum suppresses nitrification is best.
Table 3:
Different pH value AOA/ Gu bacterium AOB/ bacteriums
PH=5.5 0.1361 0.0014
Ck pH=5.5 0.2947 0.0023
PH=6.5 0.0405 0.0040
Ck pH=6.5 0.0937 0.0043
PH=7.5 0.1753 0.0033
Ck pH=7.5 0.1994 0.0040
As shown in table 3, it is the copy number of ammoxidation Gu bacterium obtained by quantitative PCR and ammonia oxidizing bacteria, also ammoxidation is ancient Bacterium and ammonia oxidizing bacteria account for the ratio of total ancient bacterium and total bacterium respectively.Wherein CK is blank control group, i.e., with embodiment 1, contrast The CK groups that differ only in of example 1 and comparative example 2 do not plant sorghum.
The result of table 3 shows, has planted ammonia oxidizing bacteria and ancient bacterium proportion in the soil of sorghum and has significantly reduced, and pH is 6.5 soil ratio is reduced most.Illustrate when 6.5, the ability that sorghum suppresses nitrification is best.
In summary, the present invention improves the ability that sorghum rhizosphere discharges nitrification inhibitor by adjusting the pH value of soil, Simple and convenient, natural compound is small to eco-environmental impact.
In view of the present invention program embodiment is numerous, each embodiment experimental data is huge numerous, is not suitable for arranging one by one herein Act explanation, but the content of checking required for each embodiment approaches with obtained final conclusion.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to spirit explanation for example of the invention.Technology belonging to the present invention is led The technical staff in domain can be made various modifications or supplement to described specific embodiment or be substituted using similar mode, but simultaneously Do not deviate by the spirit of the present invention or surmount scope defined in appended claims.
It is skilled to this area although having been made a detailed description to the present invention and being cited some specific embodiments For technical staff, as long as it is obvious that can make various changes or correct without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of implantation methods of sorghum, it is characterised in that described implantation methods include arriving the sorghum seeds plantation of germination PH is to be cultivated in 6.4-6.6 soil.
2. the implantation methods of sorghum according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described implantation methods specifically include as follows Step:
Adjust pH value:Soil sieve into hack and is determined into the pH value of soil, then adjusts soil pH to 6.4- with lime stone or sulphur 6.6, while the water for accounting for soil total amount 20-40% is added, it is stable 3-7 days to be put into dim place;
Fertilising:Apply fertilizer into the soil after stabilization, cultivating soil is obtained after stable 1-4 days;
Vernalization:Sorghum seeds are soaked into 3-6s in the alcohol that concentration is 65-75%, then cleaned with water, then seed is put into It is lined with the culture dish of filter paper, vernalization 3-5 days in 22-28 DEG C of incubator is until germination;
Cultivation:Sorghum seeds after germination are planted in cultivating soil, cultivated after spray water in hot-house culture case.
3. the implantation methods of sorghum according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described fertilizer is nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, phosphorus Fertilizer.
4. the implantation methods of sorghum according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the addition of nitrogenous fertilizer is in every kilogram of soil 0.2-0.25g。
5. the implantation methods of sorghum according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described nitrogenous fertilizer is in urea, potassium nitrate One or two.
6. the implantation methods of sorghum according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described potash fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer are di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate Hydrogen potassium.
7. the implantation methods of sorghum according to claim 6, it is characterised in that potassium dihydrogen phosphate adds in every kilogram of soil It is 0.08-0.15g to enter amount.
8. the implantation methods of sorghum according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described filter paper is the filter being soaked in water Paper.
9. the implantation methods of sorghum according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the temperature on the hot-house culture case daytime is 25-30 DEG C, the temperature in evening is 20-24 DEG C.
CN201710626206.9A 2017-07-27 2017-07-27 A kind of implantation methods of sorghum Pending CN107409698A (en)

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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108684468A (en) * 2018-05-23 2018-10-23 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 Make space breeding method between millet sorghum
CN113273368A (en) * 2021-05-21 2021-08-20 重庆市农业科学院 Reduced application optimization method of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer for sorghum

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CN113273368A (en) * 2021-05-21 2021-08-20 重庆市农业科学院 Reduced application optimization method of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer for sorghum

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Application publication date: 20171201