CN107385886A - 一种基于改性纤维接枝环糊精的纤维面料的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种基于改性纤维接枝环糊精的纤维面料的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于改性纤维接枝环糊精的纤维面料的制备方法，首先将纤维经过氨水处理后，将纤维进行活化后再使用双氧水氧化，接枝环糊精，然后通过静电自组装原理使得纤维包裹磁性金属离子，利用N,N′‑亚甲基双丙烯酰交联并组装聚乙烯亚按，拉丝、经纱，织造成型后处理而得，本发明制备出的材料具有稳定的体系，其作用机理简单可靠，方法有效，且成本低，布料使用方便，清理干净。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于纤维面料技术领域，具体涉及一种基于改性纤维接枝环糊精的纤维面料的制备方法。
背景技术
随着科学技术的发展，各行各业为保证生产、科研工作进行及保护人类健康，对环境空气的洁净度要求越来越高。为使环境达到高洁净度就要去除微小生物及无机粒子，吸尘材料作为现代工业中必不可少的一种重要产品。
纤维素、壳聚糖等天然聚合物吸附材料，由于其具有生物降解性、经济有效、吸附容量高和选择性好等特点，在吸附废水中的重金属和染料方面得到了广泛应用，由于其来源广泛，价格低廉，环境友好等特点，近年来备受人们关注，但是吸附材料与处理液的分离效率较低是影响吸附材料高效利用及防止二次污染所面临的主要问题。
纤维素的物理改性是使纤维素的物理形态发生如薄膜化、球状化、微粉化等变化或通过特殊加工，赋予纤维素新的性能的方法。纤维素的化学改性是指通过分子设计改变部分化学结构，使其成为具有特殊物理化学性能的纤维素高分子材料的方法，主要依靠纤维大分子结构中的大量羟基的改性反应来完成，经过对羟基改性后引入了具有特定吸附性能官能团的纤维素对金属离子的吸附性能大大增强、结构稳定性增强，纤维素类吸附法具有吸附量大、吸附速度快、成本低、操作简单等优点。
王艳在《聚乙烯亚胺-阴离子纤维素基吸附材料制备与性能研究》一文中通过静电自组装制备了磁性聚乙烯亚胺一羧甲基纤维素吸附材料。首先通过静电自组装原理用梭甲基纤维素包埋Fe3O4粒子，再利用戊二醛交联将聚乙烯亚胺组装上去，制备出的吸附材料制备方法简单，成本低，对金属离子具有较高的吸附能力，但是不具备处理粉尘污染的问题。
发明内容
本发明目的就是为了弥补已有技术的缺陷，提供一种基于改性纤维接枝环糊精的纤维面料的制备方法，该纤维面料成本低，布料使用方便，清理干净。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种基于改性纤维接枝环糊精的纤维面料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）将35-45重量份纤维溶于50-60重量份氨水溶液中后，再加入5-10重量份海藻酸钠在50-60℃的温度条件下加热30-60分钟后加入1-2重量份双氧水在室温下恒速搅拌8-12小时，待用；
（2）将1-5重量份环糊精溶于适量无水乙醇中，加入步骤（1）所得混合液缓慢后在85-95℃搅拌2-6小时，得改性纤维接枝环糊精溶液，待用；
（3）将步骤（2）所得混合液调节pH至中性后再加入1-2重量份四氧化三铁，15-20重量份聚乙烯亚胺，搅拌均匀加入2-5重量份N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰，恒速搅拌8-12小时后，待用；
（4）将5-8重量份滑石粉、5-8重量份的硫酸钡与10-15重量份酚醛树脂胶水混合后充分搅拌均匀，得滑石粉-硫酸钡胶混合料，加入至步骤（3）所得的产物中，搅拌均匀，40-50℃条件下继续处理2-3小时冷却至室温，采用螺杆挤出拉丝、经纱，织造成型后进行修布及轧光处理，既得所述的基于改性纤维接枝环糊精的纤维面料。
所述的纤维为天然纤维、再生纤维、秸秆、木材中的一种或多种。
所述的调节pH是使用盐酸进行调节。
所述的滑石粉为200-400目。
所述的硫酸钡为200-400目。
本发明的优点是：
本发明首先将纤维经过氨水处理后，将纤维进行活化后再使用双氧水氧化，接枝环糊精，，然后通过静电自组装原理使得纤维包裹磁性金属离子，利用N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰交联并组装聚乙烯亚按，接枝改性后纤维将纤维表面相容性提高，同时可提高纤维表面的粘附性，前期加入的海藻酸钠与后期作为填料加入的滑石粉与硫酸钡生成不溶性的海藻酸盐，纤维与聚乙烯亚按之间交联、环糊精其表面分布众多的活性羟基对金属离子的螯合作用使得制备出的材料具有稳定的体系，其作用机理简单可靠，方法有效，且成本低，布料使用方便，清理干净。
具体实施方式
一种基于改性纤维接枝环糊精的纤维面料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）将40重量份纤维溶于55重量份氨水溶液中后，再加入8重量份海藻酸钠在55℃的温度条件下加热45分钟后加入1.5重量份双氧水在室温下恒速搅拌10小时，待用；
（2）将2重量份环糊精溶于适量无水乙醇中，加入步骤（1）所得混合液缓慢后在90℃搅拌4小时，得改性纤维接枝环糊精溶液，待用；
（3）将步骤（2）所得混合液调节pH至中性后再加入1.5重量份四氧化三铁，17重量份聚乙烯亚胺，搅拌均匀加入3重量份N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰，恒速搅拌10小时后，待用；
（4）将7重量份滑石粉、6重量份的硫酸钡与12重量份酚醛树脂胶水混合后充分搅拌均匀，得滑石粉-硫酸钡胶混合料，加入至步骤（3）所得的产物中，搅拌均匀，45℃条件下继续处理2.5小时后冷却至室温，采用螺杆挤出拉丝、经纱，织造成型后进行修布及轧光处理，既得所述的基于改性纤维接枝环糊精的纤维面料。
所述的纤维为天然纤维、再生纤维、秸秆、木材中的一种或多种。
所述的调节pH是使用盐酸进行调节。
所述的滑石粉为200-400目。
所述的硫酸钡为200-400目。
Claims (5)
1.一种基于改性纤维接枝环糊精的纤维面料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）将35-45重量份纤维溶于50-60重量份氨水溶液中后，再加入5-10重量份海藻酸钠在50-60℃的温度条件下加热30-60分钟后加入1-2重量份双氧水在室温下恒速搅拌8-12小时，待用；
（2）将1-5重量份环糊精溶于适量无水乙醇中，加入步骤（1）所得混合液缓慢后在85-95℃搅拌2-6小时，得改性纤维接枝环糊精溶液，待用；
（3）将步骤（2）所得混合液调节pH至中性后再加入1-2重量份四氧化三铁，15-20重量份聚乙烯亚胺，搅拌均匀加入2-5重量份N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰，恒速搅拌8-12小时后，待用；
（4）将5-8重量份滑石粉、5-8重量份的硫酸钡与10-15重量份酚醛树脂混合后充分搅拌均匀，得滑石粉-硫酸钡胶混合料，加入至步骤（3）所得的产物中，搅拌均匀，40-50℃条件下继续处理2-3小时冷却至室温，采用螺杆挤出拉丝、经纱，织造成型后进行修布及轧光处理，既得所述的基于改性纤维接枝环糊精的纤维面料。
2.根据权利要求1一种基于改性纤维接枝环糊精的纤维面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的纤维为天然纤维、再生纤维、秸秆、木材中的一种或多种。
3.根据权利要求1一种基于改性纤维接枝环糊精的纤维面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的调节pH是使用盐酸进行调节。
4.根据权利要求1一种基于改性纤维接枝环糊精的纤维面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的滑石粉为200-400目。
5.根据权利要求1一种基于改性纤维接枝环糊精的纤维面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的硫酸钡为200-400目。
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