CN107371734A - A kind of cultural method of high yield balloonflower root - Google Patents

A kind of cultural method of high yield balloonflower root Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107371734A
CN107371734A CN201710725818.3A CN201710725818A CN107371734A CN 107371734 A CN107371734 A CN 107371734A CN 201710725818 A CN201710725818 A CN 201710725818A CN 107371734 A CN107371734 A CN 107371734A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
parts
balloonflower root
seed
soil
shading screen
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Pending
Application number
CN201710725818.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
华柏生
华兴茂
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Tongcheng Taian Chinese Herbal Medicine Planting Specialized Cooperative
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Tongcheng Taian Chinese Herbal Medicine Planting Specialized Cooperative
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Priority to CN201710725818.3A priority Critical patent/CN107371734A/en
Publication of CN107371734A publication Critical patent/CN107371734A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/02Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00Methods for working soil
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/02Germinating apparatus; Determining germination capacity of seeds or the like
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/08Immunising seed
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0206Canopies, i.e. devices providing a roof above the plants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of cultural method of high yield balloonflower root, comprise the following steps:Selection of land, site preparation;Seeds preprocess;Sowing;Management;Take net;Topping is nipped off the flowers;The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.The present invention after applying base fertilizer by being sowed, the nutrition needed for balloonflower root growth course has been ensured first, shading screen covering treatment is used immediately after, coverage shading net can prevent raindrop directly washing away to seed, seedling and soil, maintain the crumb structure of soil, keep soil from packing together, improve seedling emergence rate and survival rate;Seed improves the germination percentage of balloonflower root, makes balloonflower root seedling more healthy and stronger, can improve the survival rate of seedling replanting, late growing stage is fast, good product quality by liquor potassic permanganate sterilization, warm water immersion, air-heater drying, germinating box vernalization step;Yellow haftplatte desinsection, coordinate Chinese herbal medicine spraying desinsection, meet environmental protection, the requirement of energy-conservation, and the pest and disease damage of balloonflower root can be mitigated significantly, greatly reduce residues of pesticides, improve the quality of balloonflower root.

Description

A kind of cultural method of high yield balloonflower root
Technical field
The present invention relates to Chinese medicine plant field, specifically a kind of cultural method of high yield balloonflower root.
Background technology
Balloonflower root belongs to Campanulaceae, and perennial herb, complete stool is smooth, high 40~50 centimetres, has white milk in vivo.Root Loose meat, conico-acuminate or cylinder, crust yellowish-brown or taupe.Stem is upright, top slightly branch.The nearly stockless of leaf, in stem Portion and bottom are given birth to raw or 3~4 impellers;There is irregular sharp sawtooth at blade ovum shape lanceolar, edge;Upper end leaf is small and narrow, mutually It is raw.Balloonflower root is China's tradition parts of generic medicinal plants, and balloonflower root root effect has the functions such as facilitaing lung, eliminating the phlegm, relieving sore-throat, apocenosis, cures mainly cough The symptoms such as abundant expectoration, abscess of throat, in addition, balloonflower root amount is also very big, it is mainly used in the pickles that lie fallow, is the main medicine of foreign exchange earning One of material.At present, for balloonflower root survival dose about more than 7000 tons, total dosage is close to reach ten thousand tons.Balloonflower root in production more to be used The cultural method of seed sowing, its percentage of seedgermination is low, and the incidence of disease is high in the cultivation of balloonflower root, and shoot survival percent is low, causes tangerine Stalk yields poorly, deficiency in economic performance.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of cultural method of high yield balloonflower root, to solve to propose in above-mentioned background technology The problem of.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of cultural method of high yield balloonflower root, comprises the following steps:
(1) selection of land, site preparation:Select that sunny, soil layer is deep, loose fertile, well-drained sandy loam or fertile soil, go Stone and weeds except soil surface, one layer of quick lime is spread in soil surface, soil is deep ploughed, every mu is applied biological organic fertilizer 2000-2500 kilograms and 30-40 kilograms of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, biological organic fertilizer are made up of the raw material of following parts by weight:Rice husk 40- 60 parts, organic fertilizer fermentation agent 1-3 parts, wormcast 20-25 parts, discarded mushroom bacteria 1-3 parts, brewex's grains 10-16 parts, bone meal 6-10 Part, biological carbon dust 6-11 parts, fixed nitrogen algae 5-8 parts, AVM mixture 2-6 parts, peanut cake 10-20 parts, silkworm excrement 15-20 parts, Complex micro organism fungicide 3-5 parts;
(2) Seeds preprocess:
Seed selection:The seed of high-quality biennial balloonflower root knot is selected, sinks method with water, floating grain is taken out, by the Seed of Platycodon Grandiflorum of sorting Enter in container;
Presoaking and germinating:Soaked seed 2-3 hours, then cleaned with clean water dry with 0.6%~0.7% liquor potassic permanganate Only, after seed is soaked 24 hours with warm water, 30-35 DEG C of air-heater dries up seed, and vernalization taking root liquid is placed in vessel, and is spread After the seeding of non-woven fabrics layer of cloth and as in 20-30 DEG C of germinating box, vernalization sprouts budding after 3-5 days, can significantly improve germination Rate;
(4) sow:The seed of big and full biennial balloonflower root knot is selected to be sowed, every mu plus 30 kilograms of calcium magnesium phosphate Uniform bar is sowed in shallow ridges after seed dressing, the ㎝ of ditch depth 1.5, after planting with 2:Seed is covered tightly after 1 fertile soil and soil mixing, earthing is thick Spend for 1-1.5 ㎝, compacting, line space 10-15 ㎝, and water, after planting with shading screen flat cover in railway carriage or compartment face, and fixed with bamboo and wood stake Windproof to scrape, a width of 1.6m of shading screen, sunshade rate is 75%, and shading screen coverage mode is to live to shade by two soil pressure in railway carriage or compartment face Shading screen is fixed in net, the both sides in railway carriage or compartment face with small wooden and small bamboo rod insertion selvage;
(5) manage:Nursery must be kept to moisten during emergence, watered typically in dusk 4-6 points;After germination, the rainy day, Shading screen is opened when cloudy day or dusk;To prevent pest and disease damage from occurring to be sterilized several times, with thiophanate methyl 1000-1500 The sprinkling of times liquid;
(6) net is taken:When balloonflower root seedling to 5cm, root length to 8cm depth, shading screen is removed, while by shading screen It is real in case use next time to fold bundle;
(7) topping is nipped off the flowers:When balloonflower root above ground portion length to 25cm, when branch grows bud, bud is cut off, it is high to retain 25cm The branch blade of degree;
(8) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:Occur without great pest and disease damage, need not substantially go and buy Chinese medicine, yellow haftplatte desinsection, coordinate medium-height grass Medicine is sprayed, and using physical method desinsection, greatly reduces residues of pesticides, Chinese herbal medicine water cooking liquid is converted 10 times of amount water and sprayed, described Chinese herbal medicine water cooking liquid is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight:Garlic P.E 5-12, pepper extract 3-8, tuber of stemona 1-5, full meal Flower 4-7, oldworld arrowhead flower 1-5, Chinese bulbul 2-5, Kadsura Root-bark 1-4, stone reed 5-9, root bark of tree peony 2-6, heterophyllous wingseedtree leaf 3-7, achene of Siberian cocklebur 3-6.
In step (1), mould 500,000,000-8 hundred million, the effective viable bacteria 12-15 hundred million of bacillus, breast are contained in complex micro organism fungicide Sour bacterium 15-18 hundred million, actinomyces 10-12 hundred million, saccharomycete 15-18 hundred million.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The present invention by soil surface spreads one layer of quick lime, and soil is deep ploughed, can kill insect in soil and Worm's ovum, reduce pest and disease damage;By being sowed after applying base fertilizer, the nutrition needed for balloonflower root growth course has been ensured first, so Use shading screen covering treatment immediately afterwards, coverage shading net can prevent raindrop directly washing away to seed, seedling and soil, maintain The crumb structure of soil, keeps soil from packing together, and improves seedling emergence rate and survival rate, and coverage shading net can also reduce soil Surface temperature, anti glare anti static coatingses radiation keep ground moistening, are advantageous to the growth of balloonflower root;Seed is by liquor potassic permanganate sterilization, temperature Water immersion, air-heater drying, germinating box vernalization step, improve the germination percentage of balloonflower root, make balloonflower root seedling more healthy and stronger, can improve The survival rate of seedling replanting, late growing stage is fast, good product quality;Disease-resistant example is strong simultaneously, and pest and disease damage is reduced, and flower yield is high, warp Ji benefit gets a promotion;Yellow haftplatte desinsection, coordinate Chinese herbal medicine spraying desinsection, meet environmental protection, the requirement of energy-conservation, and can be significantly Mitigate the pest and disease damage of balloonflower root, greatly reduce residues of pesticides, improve the quality of balloonflower root.
Embodiment
A kind of cultural method of high yield balloonflower root, comprises the following steps:
(1) selection of land, site preparation:Select that sunny, soil layer is deep, loose fertile, well-drained sandy loam or fertile soil, go Stone and weeds except soil surface, one layer of quick lime is spread in soil surface, soil is deep ploughed, every mu is applied biological organic fertilizer 2000-2500 kilograms and 30-40 kilograms of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, biological organic fertilizer are made up of the raw material of following parts by weight:Rice husk 40- 60 parts, organic fertilizer fermentation agent 1-3 parts, wormcast 20-25 parts, discarded mushroom bacteria 1-3 parts, brewex's grains 10-16 parts, bone meal 6-10 Part, biological carbon dust 6-11 parts, fixed nitrogen algae 5-8 parts, AVM mixture 2-6 parts, peanut cake 10-20 parts, silkworm excrement 15-20 parts, Complex micro organism fungicide 3-5 parts;Contain mould 500,000,000-8 hundred million in complex micro organism fungicide, the effective viable bacteria 12-15 hundred million of bacillus, Lactic acid bacteria 15-18 hundred million, actinomyces 10-12 hundred million, saccharomycete 15-18 hundred million.
(2) Seeds preprocess:
Seed selection:The seed of high-quality biennial balloonflower root knot is selected, sinks method with water, floating grain is taken out, by the Seed of Platycodon Grandiflorum of sorting Enter in container;
Presoaking and germinating:Soaked seed 2-3 hours, then cleaned with clean water dry with 0.6%~0.7% liquor potassic permanganate Only, after seed is soaked 24 hours with warm water, 30-35 DEG C of air-heater dries up seed, and vernalization taking root liquid is placed in vessel, and is spread After the seeding of non-woven fabrics layer of cloth and as in 20-30 DEG C of germinating box, vernalization sprouts budding after 3-5 days, can significantly improve germination Rate;
(4) sow:The seed of big and full biennial balloonflower root knot is selected to be sowed, every mu plus 30 kilograms of calcium magnesium phosphate Uniform bar is sowed in shallow ridges after seed dressing, the ㎝ of ditch depth 1.5, after planting with 2:Seed is covered tightly after 1 fertile soil and soil mixing, earthing is thick Spend for 1-1.5 ㎝, compacting, line space 10-15 ㎝, and water, after planting with shading screen flat cover in railway carriage or compartment face, and fixed with bamboo and wood stake Windproof to scrape, a width of 1.6m of shading screen, sunshade rate is 75%, and shading screen coverage mode is to live to shade by two soil pressure in railway carriage or compartment face Shading screen is fixed in net, the both sides in railway carriage or compartment face with small wooden and small bamboo rod insertion selvage;
(5) manage:Nursery must be kept to moisten during emergence, watered typically in dusk 4-6 points;After germination, the rainy day, Shading screen is opened when cloudy day or dusk;To prevent pest and disease damage from occurring to be sterilized several times, with thiophanate methyl 1000-1500 The sprinkling of times liquid;
(6) net is taken:When balloonflower root seedling to 5cm, root length to 8cm depth, shading screen is removed, while by shading screen It is real in case use next time to fold bundle;
(7) topping is nipped off the flowers:When balloonflower root above ground portion length to 25cm, when branch grows bud, bud is cut off, it is high to retain 25cm The branch blade of degree;
(8) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:Occur without great pest and disease damage, need not substantially go and buy Chinese medicine, yellow haftplatte desinsection, coordinate medium-height grass Medicine is sprayed, and using physical method desinsection, greatly reduces residues of pesticides, Chinese herbal medicine water cooking liquid is converted 10 times of amount water and sprayed, described Chinese herbal medicine water cooking liquid is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight:Garlic P.E 5-12, pepper extract 3-8, tuber of stemona 1-5, full meal Flower 4-7, oldworld arrowhead flower 1-5, Chinese bulbul 2-5, Kadsura Root-bark 1-4, stone reed 5-9, root bark of tree peony 2-6, heterophyllous wingseedtree leaf 3-7, achene of Siberian cocklebur 3-6.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of cultural method of high yield balloonflower root, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) selection of land, site preparation:Select that sunny, soil layer is deep, loose fertile, well-drained sandy loam or fertile soil, remove soil The stone on earth surface and weeds, one layer of quick lime is spread in soil surface, soil is deep ploughed, every mu is applied biological organic fertilizer 2000-2500 kilograms and 30-40 kilograms of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, biological organic fertilizer are made up of the raw material of following parts by weight:Rice husk 40- 60 parts, organic fertilizer fermentation agent 1-3 parts, wormcast 20-25 parts, discarded mushroom bacteria 1-3 parts, brewex's grains 10-16 parts, bone meal 6-10 Part, biological carbon dust 6-11 parts, fixed nitrogen algae 5-8 parts, AVM mixture 2-6 parts, peanut cake 10-20 parts, silkworm excrement 15-20 parts, Complex micro organism fungicide 3-5 parts;
(2) Seeds preprocess:
Seed selection:The seed of high-quality biennial balloonflower root knot is selected, sinks method with water, takes out floating grain, the Seed of Platycodon Grandiflorum of sorting is entered to hold In device;
Presoaking and germinating:Soaked seed 2-3 hours with 0.6%~0.7% liquor potassic permanganate, then cleaned up with clean water, will After seed is soaked 24 hours with warm water, 30-35 DEG C of air-heater dries up seed, and vernalization taking root liquid is placed in vessel, and spreads nonwoven After the seeding of cloth layer of cloth and as in 20-30 DEG C of germinating box, vernalization sprouts budding after 3-5 days, can significantly improve germination percentage;
(4) sow:The seed of big and full biennial balloonflower root knot is selected to be sowed, every mu plus 30 kilograms of calcium magnesium phosphate seed dressings Uniform bar is sowed in shallow ridges afterwards, the ㎝ of ditch depth 1.5, after planting with 2:Seed is covered tightly after 1 fertile soil and soil mixing, thickness of earth covering is 1-1.5 ㎝, compacting, line space 10-15 ㎝, and watering, after planting with shading screen flat cover in railway carriage or compartment face, and fixed with bamboo and wood stake windproof To scrape, a width of 1.6m of shading screen, sunshade rate is 75%, and shading screen coverage mode is that the two in railway carriage or compartment face is lived into shading screen with soil pressure, Shading screen is fixed in the both sides in railway carriage or compartment face with small wooden and small bamboo rod insertion selvage;
(5) manage:Nursery must be kept to moisten during emergence, watered typically in dusk 4-6 points;After germination, in rainy day, the moon My god or open shading screen during dusk;To prevent pest and disease damage from occurring to be sterilized several times, with 1000-1500 times of thiophanate methyl Liquid sprays;
(6) net is taken:When balloonflower root seedling to 5cm, root length to 8cm depth, shading screen is removed, while shading screen is folded Bundle is real in case next time uses;
(7) topping is nipped off the flowers:When balloonflower root above ground portion length to 25cm, when branch grows bud, bud is cut off, retains 25cm height Branch blade;
(8) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:Occur without great pest and disease damage, need not substantially go and buy Chinese medicine, yellow haftplatte desinsection, coordinate Chinese herbal medicine spray Mist, using physical method desinsection, residues of pesticides are greatly reduced, Chinese herbal medicine water cooking liquid is converted 10 times of amount water and sprayed, described medium-height grass Liquid medicine boil liquid is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight:Garlic P.E 5-12, pepper extract 3-8, tuber of stemona 1-5, full meal flower 4- 7th, oldworld arrowhead flower 1-5, Chinese bulbul 2-5, Kadsura Root-bark 1-4, stone reed 5-9, root bark of tree peony 2-6, heterophyllous wingseedtree leaf 3-7, achene of Siberian cocklebur 3-6.
2. the cultural method of high yield balloonflower root according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (1), complex microorganism Contain mould 500,000,000-8 hundred million, bacillus effective viable bacteria 12-15 hundred million, lactic acid bacteria 15-18 hundred million, actinomyces 10-12 hundred million, ferment in microbial inoculum Female bacterium 15-18 hundred million.
CN201710725818.3A 2017-08-22 2017-08-22 A kind of cultural method of high yield balloonflower root Pending CN107371734A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108260482A (en) * 2018-03-22 2018-07-10 佛山推启农业研究院(普通合伙) A kind of campanulaceae non-polluted planting method rich in various trace elements
CN109168424A (en) * 2018-10-29 2019-01-11 安徽农业大学 The antiwind fertilising of one kind mixes medicine integration and small-sized no-tillage seeding machine is adjusted
CN109984007A (en) * 2019-04-22 2019-07-09 陇南师范高等专科学校 A method of it improving wild Paeonia papaveracea seed and takes root

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CN103081674A (en) * 2012-12-17 2013-05-08 安徽省本草国药饮片有限公司 Cultivation method of good-quality high-yield Platycodon grandiflorum
CN105359790A (en) * 2015-11-14 2016-03-02 桐城市泰安中药材种植专业合作社 Platycodon grandiflorum cultivation method
CN105981558A (en) * 2016-01-25 2016-10-05 安徽亿源药业股份有限公司 Method for planting radix platycodonis

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CN103081674A (en) * 2012-12-17 2013-05-08 安徽省本草国药饮片有限公司 Cultivation method of good-quality high-yield Platycodon grandiflorum
CN105359790A (en) * 2015-11-14 2016-03-02 桐城市泰安中药材种植专业合作社 Platycodon grandiflorum cultivation method
CN105981558A (en) * 2016-01-25 2016-10-05 安徽亿源药业股份有限公司 Method for planting radix platycodonis

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108260482A (en) * 2018-03-22 2018-07-10 佛山推启农业研究院(普通合伙) A kind of campanulaceae non-polluted planting method rich in various trace elements
CN109168424A (en) * 2018-10-29 2019-01-11 安徽农业大学 The antiwind fertilising of one kind mixes medicine integration and small-sized no-tillage seeding machine is adjusted
CN109168424B (en) * 2018-10-29 2023-11-14 安徽农业大学 Anti-winding fertilizing and pesticide mixing integrated adjustable small no-tillage planter
CN109984007A (en) * 2019-04-22 2019-07-09 陇南师范高等专科学校 A method of it improving wild Paeonia papaveracea seed and takes root

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Application publication date: 20171124