CN107364195A - 一种抗菌修复型医用无纺布的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种抗菌修复型医用无纺布的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107364195A
CN107364195A CN201710631142.1A CN201710631142A CN107364195A CN 107364195 A CN107364195 A CN 107364195A CN 201710631142 A CN201710631142 A CN 201710631142A CN 107364195 A CN107364195 A CN 107364195A
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CN107364195B (zh
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杨双建
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JIESHOU SHUANGXIN TEXTILE Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种抗菌修复型医用无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下方面：（1）开松，将混合纤维无菌水清洗2‑3次，然后进行加热开松；（2）梳理成网，分别使用频率为40kHz和25kHz超声波对混合纤维振荡，沉降后制得混合纤维网；（3）雾化水刺，使用加压雾化水对纤维网正反面进行喷射；（4）烘干：将水刺纤维网进行低温烘干；（5）竹原纤维层，按照步骤（1）至（4）制成竹原纤维网层；（6）热合层压，将茶纤维网层和竹原纤维网层叠加，加入药剂粉进行层压。本发明方法制得医用无纺布具有厚度均匀、拉伸性良好，杀菌效果时间长；使用后，伤口愈合速度快，并且对伤口疤痕具有去除作用。

Description

一种抗菌修复型医用无纺布的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于纺织加工技术领域，具体涉及一种抗菌修复型医用无纺布的制备方法。
背景技术
无纺布，为直接利用高聚物切片、短纤维或长丝将纤维通过气流或机械成网，并经加工形成的无纺织的布料，其工艺流程短、产量高、成本低、原料来源多，并具有防潮、透气、柔韧、容易分解、无毒无刺激性等特点；无纺布以丙纶、涤纶、锦纶、粘胶纤维等为主要加工原料。由于无纺布优良的特性及低廉的加工成本，被广泛应用于医疗、家庭装饰、服装及工业用布等领域。无纺布在医疗领域使用，其传统加工原料多为化纤成分，在应用于伤口包扎皮肤直接接触类产品，对人体皮肤会产生刺激和伤害，只能起到隔绝环境和包扎作用；而化纤类无纺布，其具有的抗菌功能主要依靠提高无纺布的致密性和添加抗菌成分，致密性提高无纺布透气性下降，可能会导致伤口持续恶化，添加抗菌成分其抗菌效果周期短，不能持久的保持无纺布抗菌性能；在伤口改善方面，无纺布中化纤成分，不能为皮肤修复提供营养物质，对伤口的愈合修复无辅助作用。加工方法，在无纺布加工中使用水刺方法，通过水的喷射作用，增加各成分纤维之间的交互作用，从而提高无纺布的加工性能；但是，通过多股水流喷射，其存在喷射力度大，喷射区域存在盲区，会造成水刺后纤维交互集中现象，导致无纺布厚度不均，产品性能下降。
发明内容
本发明针对现有的问题：无纺布成分，以丙纶、涤纶、锦纶等化纤原料为主，应用于伤口包扎皮肤直接接触类产品，对人体皮肤会产品刺激和伤害，并且只能起到隔绝环境和包扎作用。功能性方面，无纺布具有的抗菌功能主要依靠提高无纺布的致密性和添加抗菌成分，致密性提高无纺布透气性下降，可能会导致伤口持续恶化，添加抗菌成分其抗菌效果周期短；无纺布中化纤成分，不能为皮肤修复提供营养物质，对伤口的愈合修复无辅助作用。加工方法，水刺方法存在喷射力度大，喷射空间存在盲区，会造成水刺后纤维交互集中现象，导致无纺布厚度不均。为解决上述问题，本发明提供了一种抗菌修复型医用无纺布的制备方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种抗菌修复型医用无纺布的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）开松：将茶纤维、醋酸纤维和酪素纤维、大豆蛋白纤维，使用无菌水清洗2-3次，混合后在水中加热开松，得开松纤维；茶纤维抗菌成分在纤维内部，可提供持久抗菌作用，醋酸纤维增加纤维的粘附力，而大豆蛋白纤维和酪素纤维含有丰富氨基酸和蛋白质，有助于肌肤愈合；
（2）梳理成网：先将开松纤维在频率40kHz超声波下振荡23-26min，沉降7-10min，再使用频率25kHz超声波振荡5-7min，沉降40-45min，制得混合纤维网；使用两个频率超声波对纤维进行梳理，其所产生的振荡波，可将纤维均匀打乱分布，自然沉降后形成的纤维网均匀性好，可提高无纺布的均匀性和功能性；
（3）雾化水刺：将混合纤维网置于雾化水喷射器上部，进行雾化水刺处理，雾化水喷射压强为17-23kPa，先正面喷射3-4min，再反面喷射2-3min，正反面交替喷射循环次数为5-6次，制得水刺纤维网；雾化水喷射力具有可调、轻柔，并且雾化水喷射面积广、无盲区，所得纤维层成分分布均匀、交互力强，无纺布加工及产品防水性、透气性能良好；
（4）烘干：将水刺纤维网进行低温烘干，制得茶纤维网层，茶纤维层轻柔舒适、杀菌性强，可用于愈合中伤口；
（5）竹原纤维层：将竹原纤维、醋酸纤维、酪素纤维和大豆蛋白纤维混合后，按照步骤（1）至（4）制成竹原纤维网层；竹原纤维层吸附性好、表面光滑，与血液等粘连性差，可用于新伤口；
（6）热合层压：将茶纤维网层和竹原纤维网层叠加，并向中间层加入总质量2%-3%的药剂粉，其含有植物成分，具有抗菌、促进细胞生长和肌肤愈合作用，进行层压工艺，先在73-76℃温度下层压21-25min，再将温度升至95-98℃层压30-35min，温度上升和下降速度为5℃/2min，冷却后制得医用无纺布；经层压后药剂成分与纤维融合，药效更为持久，逐渐提高层压温度，使茶纤维层和竹原纤维层缓慢融合，无纺布延展性和柔韧性好。
步骤（1）所述的加热开松，其温度为52-56℃，时间40-45min。
步骤（1）所述的开松纤维，其各配制成分质量计份为：茶纤维34-38份、醋酸纤维11-14份、酪素纤维7-11份、大豆蛋白纤维5-9份。
步骤（4）所述的低温烘干，其温度为41-44℃，时间37-43min，烘干至水分含量10%-15%。
步骤（5）所述的竹原纤维网层，其各配制成分质量计份为：竹原纤维29-33份、醋酸纤维10-14份、酪素纤维6-9份、大豆蛋白纤维3-5份。
步骤（6）所述的药剂粉，其配制方法为：
按照质量计份称取仙鹤草10-13份、椿根皮3-4份、五倍子7-9份、血竭5-8份、紫草3-5份、冰片2-4份、甘草5-7份，粉碎后混合，置于去离子水中煮沸2-3h，然后在50-55℃温度下烘干，经微粉化和过滤后制得药剂粉。
本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点：梳理成网，由于纤维质轻、细在梳理中难以控制梳理的力度和均匀性，很容易造成纤维成网后厚度和混合成分分布不均现象，使用两个频率超声波对纤维进行梳理，其所产生的振荡波，可将纤维均匀打乱分布，自然沉降后形成的纤维网均匀性好，可提高无纺布的均匀性和功能性；雾化水刺，通过雾化水加压后对纤维网进行喷射，雾化水喷射力具有可调、轻柔，并且雾化水喷射面积广、无盲区，可避免水刺中水流力度大、纤维交互集中现象，所得纤维层成分分布均匀、交互力强，无纺布加工及产品防水性、透气性能良好，具有耐磨损，拉伸性和抗菌性能强等特点。无纺布成分结构，其中茶纤维和竹原纤维具有抗菌除臭功能，而茶纤维抗菌成分在纤维素内部，抗菌效果持久，竹原纤维透气性、抗菌杀螨及吸附性能优良，醋酸纤维易分解具有粘附作用，酪素纤维和大豆蛋白纤维含有丰富的氨基酸、蛋白质和多糖等成分，可提高伤口愈合能力；采用双层纤维层压，茶纤维层轻柔舒适、杀菌性强，竹原纤维层吸附性好、表面光滑，与血液等粘连性差，可根据伤口情况选择无纺布使用面，双层结构可提高对外界细菌和水汽的阻挡能力，降低再次感染几率；中间层添加药剂成分，层压后与纤维融合，药效持久，具有抗菌、促进细胞生长和肌肤愈合作用。
具体实施方式
实施例1：
一种抗菌修复型医用无纺布的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）开松：将茶纤维、醋酸纤维和酪素纤维、大豆蛋白纤维，使用无菌水清洗2次，混合后在水中加热开松，得开松纤维；茶纤维抗菌成分在纤维内部，可提高持久抗菌作用，醋酸纤维增加纤维的粘附力，而大豆蛋白纤维和酪素纤维含有丰富氨基酸和蛋白质，有助于肌肤愈合；
（2）梳理成网：先将开松纤维在频率40kHz超声波下振荡24min，沉降8min，再使用频率25kHz超声波振荡5.5min，沉降42min，制得混合纤维网；使用两个频率超声波对纤维进行梳理，其所产生的振荡波，可将纤维均匀打乱分布，自然沉降后形成的纤维网均匀性好，可提高无纺布的均匀性和功能性；
（3）雾化水刺：将混合纤维网置于雾化水喷射器上部，进行雾化水刺处理，雾化水喷射压强为19kPa，先正面喷射3min，再反面喷射2min，正反面交替喷射循环次数为5次，制得水刺纤维网；雾化水喷射力具有可调、轻柔，并且雾化水喷射面积广、无盲区，所得纤维层成分分布均匀、交互力强，无纺布加工及产品防水性、透气性能良好；
（4）烘干：将水刺纤维网进行低温烘干，制得茶纤维网层，茶纤维层轻柔舒适、杀菌性强，可用于愈合中伤口；
（5）竹原纤维层：将竹原纤维、醋酸纤维、酪素纤维和大豆蛋白纤维混合后，按照步骤（1）至（4）制成竹原纤维网层；竹原纤维层吸附性好、表面光滑，与血液等粘连性差，可用于新伤口；
（6）热合层压：将茶纤维网层和竹原纤维网层叠加，并向中间层加入总质量2%-3%的药剂粉，其含有植物成分，具有抗菌、促进细胞生长和肌肤愈合作用，进行层压工艺，先在74℃温度下层压22min，再将温度升至96℃层压32min，温度上升和下降速度为5℃/2min，冷却后制得医用无纺布；经层压后药剂成分与纤维融合，药效更为持久，逐渐提高层压温度，使茶纤维层和竹原纤维层缓慢融合，无纺布延展性和柔韧性好。
步骤（1）所述的加热开松，其温度为53℃，时间42min。
步骤（1）所述的开松纤维，其各配制成分质量计份为：茶纤维35份、醋酸纤维12份、酪素纤维8份、大豆蛋白纤维6份。
步骤（4）所述的低温烘干，其温度为42℃，时间39min，烘干至水分含量12%。
步骤（5）所述的竹原纤维网层，其各配制成分质量计份为：竹原纤维31份、醋酸纤维11份、酪素纤维7份、大豆蛋白纤维3.5份。
步骤（6）所述的药剂粉，其配制方法为：
按照质量计份称取仙鹤草11.5份、椿根皮3.2份、五倍子7.4份、血竭6份、紫草3.5份、冰片2.6份、甘草5.4份，粉碎后混合，置于去离子水中煮沸2.5h，然后在52℃温度下烘干，经微粉化和过滤后制得药剂粉。
实施例2：
本实施例2与实施例1比较，步骤变化在以下方面：
步骤（1）所述的加热开松，其温度为55℃，时间44min。
步骤（1）所述的开松纤维，其各配制成分质量计份为：
茶纤维37份、醋酸纤维13份、酪素纤维10份、大豆蛋白纤维8.5份。
步骤（2）梳理成网，其参数为：
在频率40kHz超声波下振荡25min，沉降9min，再使用频率25kHz超声波振荡6.5min，沉降44min。
步骤（4）雾化水刺，其参数为：
雾化水喷射压强为21kPa，先正面喷射4min，再反面喷射3min，正反面交替喷射循环次数为6次。
步骤（4）所述的低温烘干，其温度为43℃，时间41min，烘干至水分含量14%。
步骤（5）所述的竹原纤维网层，其各配制成分质量计份为：竹原纤维32份、醋酸纤维13份、酪素纤维8.5份、大豆蛋白纤维4.5份。
步骤（6）热合层压，其参数为：
先在75℃温度下层压24min，再将温度升至97℃层压34min，温度上升和下降速度为5℃/2min。
步骤（6）所述的药剂粉，其配制方法为：
按照质量计份称取仙鹤草12.5份、椿根皮3.8份、五倍子8.5份、血竭7份、紫草4.2份、冰片3.6份、甘草6.5份，粉碎后混合，置于去离子水中煮沸3h，然后在54℃温度下烘干，经微粉化和过滤后制得药剂粉。
对比1：
本对比1与实施例1比较，未进行步骤（2）中超声波振荡，其他步骤与实施例1相同。
对比2：
本对比2与实施例1比较，未进行步骤（3）中雾化水刺，使用流水喷射，其他步骤与实施例1相同。
对比3：
本对比3与实施例1比较，未进行步骤（6）热合层压，其他步骤与实施例1相同。
对比4：
本对比4与实施例2比较，无纺布中未使用茶纤维和竹原纤维，其他步骤与实施例2相同。
对比5：
本对比5与实施例2比较，无纺布中未使用酪素纤维和大豆蛋白纤维，其他步骤与实施例2相同。
对比6：
本对比6与实施例2比较，未进行步骤（6）中药剂粉的配制及使用，其他步骤与实施例2相同。
对照组：
对照组使用化工纤维原料，未使用超声波振荡、雾化水刺、茶纤维和竹原纤维、药剂粉。
对实施例1、实施例2、对比1、对比2、对比3、对比4、对比5、对比6及对照组实验方案，统计所制得医用无纺布厚度差、拉伸比例、杀菌有效时间。
厚度差：使用千分尺对同块无纺布，测试最大厚度与最小厚度之差。
杀菌有效时间：根据GB19082-2009标准，测试无纺布细菌菌落总数达到200CFU/g的时间。
实验数据：
项目 厚度差mm 拉伸比例% 杀菌有效时间D
实施例1 0.34 7.26% 4.6
实施例2 0.37 7.19% 4.3
对比1 1.07 6.50% 4.5
对比2 1.6 5.95% 4.9
对比3 0.82 6.73% 4.2
对比4 0.29 5.06% 3.2
对比5 0.36 7.04% 4.3
对比6 0.31 7.21% 3.7
对照组 2.57 2.69% 2.8
结果：本发明方法制得医用无纺布具有厚度均匀、拉伸性良好，杀菌效果时间长。通过使用超声波振荡、雾化水刺和热合层压，可降低无纺布厚度差0.73mm、1.26mm、0.48mm，拉伸比例提高0.76%、1.31%、0.53%；而使用茶纤维和竹原纤维、药剂粉，可提高杀菌有效时间为1.1D、0.6D；此外，使用茶纤维和竹原纤维，无纺布拉伸比例提高2.13%。
使用实施例1、实施例2、对比4、对比5、对比6及对照组无纺布产品，分别对120名外伤患者使用，患者所服用消炎药物和处理方式相同；统计伤口愈合平均时间、无疤痕比例。
实验数据：
项目 总人数 无疤痕比例% 愈合平均时间D
实施例1 120 62.50% 11.3
实施例2 120 60.83% 10.9
对比4 120 44.17% 12.1
对比5 120 39.17% 13.6
对比6 120 46.67% 13
对照组 120 30.83% 17.2
结果：通过使用本发明医用无纺布对外伤患者使用，相比对照组，患者伤口愈合平均时间缩短5.9D，并且伤口愈合后无疤痕比例提高31.67%。使用茶纤维和竹原纤维，伤口愈合平均时间缩短2.7D，无疤痕比例提高13.33%；使用药剂粉，伤口愈合平均时间缩短2.1D，无疤痕比例提高15.83%；使用酪素纤维和大豆蛋白纤维，伤口愈合时间缩短1.2D，无疤痕比例提高8.33%。

Claims (6)

1.一种抗菌修复型医用无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）开松：将茶纤维、醋酸纤维和酪素纤维、大豆蛋白纤维，使用无菌水清洗2-3次，混合后在水中加热开松，得开松纤维；
（2）梳理成网：先将开松纤维在频率40kHz超声波下振荡23-26min，沉降7-10min，再使用频率25kHz超声波振荡5-7min，沉降40-45min，制得混合纤维网；
（3）雾化水刺：将混合纤维网置于雾化水喷射器上部，进行雾化水刺处理，雾化水喷射压强为17-23kPa，先正面喷射3-4min，再反面喷射2-3min，正反面交替喷射循环次数为5-6次，制得水刺纤维网；
（4）烘干：将水刺纤维网进行低温烘干，制得茶纤维网层；
（5）竹原纤维层：将竹原纤维、醋酸纤维、酪素纤维和大豆蛋白纤维混合后，按照步骤（1）至（4）制成竹原纤维网层；
（6）热合层压：将茶纤维网层和竹原纤维网层叠加，并向中间层加入总质量2%-3%的药剂粉，进行层压工艺，先在73-76℃温度下层压21-25min，再将温度升至95-98℃层压30-35min，温度上升和下降速度为5℃/2min，冷却后制得医用无纺布。
2.如权利要求1所述抗菌修复型医用无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（1）所述的加热开松，其温度为52-56℃，时间40-45min。
3.如权利要求1所述抗菌修复型医用无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（1）所述的开松纤维，其各配制成分质量计份为：茶纤维34-38份、醋酸纤维11-14份、酪素纤维7-11份、大豆蛋白纤维5-9份。
4.如权利要求1所述抗菌修复型医用无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（4）所述的低温烘干，其温度为41-44℃，时间37-43min，烘干至水分含量10%-15%。
5.如权利要求1所述抗菌修复医用无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（5）所述的竹原纤维网层，其各配制成分质量计份为：竹原纤维29-33份、醋酸纤维10-14份、酪素纤维6-9份、大豆蛋白纤维3-5份。
6.如权利要求1所述抗菌修复型医用无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（6）所述的药剂粉，其配制方法为：
按照质量计份称取仙鹤草10-13份、椿根皮3-4份、五倍子7-9份、血竭5-8份、紫草3-5份、冰片2-4份、甘草5-7份，粉碎后混合，置于去离子水中煮沸2-3h，然后在50-55℃温度下烘干，经微粉化和过滤后制得药剂粉。
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CN108978040A (zh) * 2018-08-24 2018-12-11 芜湖跃飞新型吸音材料股份有限公司 一种汽车减震吸音用直立棉及其制备方法
CN111286867A (zh) * 2020-04-28 2020-06-16 广州市三泰汽车内饰材料有限公司 一种抗菌水刺无纺布及其制备方法
CN112481814A (zh) * 2020-11-24 2021-03-12 江西美宝利医用敷料有限公司 一种抗菌无纺布生产工艺

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