CN107343451B - A kind of Desert of Gobi special nutritional pot, preparation method and its usage - Google Patents
A kind of Desert of Gobi special nutritional pot, preparation method and its usage Download PDFInfo
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- CN107343451B CN107343451B CN201710549505.7A CN201710549505A CN107343451B CN 107343451 B CN107343451 B CN 107343451B CN 201710549505 A CN201710549505 A CN 201710549505A CN 107343451 B CN107343451 B CN 107343451B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Desert of Gobi special nutritional pot, preparation method and its usage, the Desert of Gobi special nutritional pot is made of following raw material in percentage by weight：Sludge, agricultural waste fermentation nutrient matrix 55 65%, bentonite 25% 30%, attapulgite 5% 10%, biological carbon 3.5 4%, biodegradable flocculant 0.7 1.2% and physics photosynthesis agent 0.3 0.5%.One aspect of the present invention solves production and domestic sludge waste, agricultural wastes are innoxious, the environmental issue of recycling, on the other hand, sludged waste material can effectively be utilized, organic matter in agricultural wastes, so that the Desert of Gobi special nutritional pot that final production goes out has environment-friendly degradable, high oxygen humus, it is warming low temperature resistant, adsorption moisture, water storage water conservation is drought-enduring, root guard, nutritional ingredient is sustained, the effects that infertile field improvement soil, it is suitble to a large amount of industrialization nursery of seeds nursery stock, reduce the use of bulk plastic containers, root is not hindered in transplanting, it is particluarly suitable for high and cold, water shortage, it promotes in the serious area of soil desertification.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of containing sludge, the Desert of Gobi special nutritional pot of agricultural waste fermentation nutrient matrix, preparation
Method and application thereof belongs to pot for growing seedlings field.
Background technology
Sewage and sludge are to solve the problems, such as that urban water pollution is of equal importance and the two systems of tight association, at Treatment of Sludge
It is guarantee that sewage disposal is able to finally implement to set.Sludge is the byproduct of sewage disposal, typically by organic debris, bacterium bacterium
The heterogeneous body of the compositions such as body, inorganic particle, colloid.Its basis and content depend primarily on sewage source and disposition work
Skill.From the appearance point of view, flow-like or mud cake shape substance of the sludge in black or dark brown, water content is high, easy corruption, foul smelling,
Poisonous and harmful feature, it is arbitrary to discharge, it will to cause serious secondary pollution if untreated.
The property of sludge is specific resistance to filtration and one of the foundation using technical measures selection, and the composition of sludge is then it
The basis of property performance, the compositing characteristic that sludge mainly forms phase are as follows：
1, the organic matter composition of sludge
The organic matter composition of sludge is its element composition first, generally presses carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur, chlorine six kinds of elements
Constituent relation（Such as mass fraction）To investigate the organic element composition of sludge.
It is chemical composition that mud organic substance another kind, which forms describing mode,（Or chemicals composition, molecular structure composition）, by
It is sufficiently complex in mud organic substance molecular structure situation, therefore contamination control should be described on schedule with using related various aspects
Its chemical composition.Wherein include：1. toxic organic matter forms；2. organic biomass forms；3. organic functional chemical combination object forms；
4. microorganism group at.
2, the inorganic matter composition of sludge
The inorganic matter composition of sludge is also to be described with contamination control and using related various aspects by it,
In include：1. toxic inorganic matter forms；2. plant nutrient forms；3. three aspects such as inorganic mineral composition.
3, the flowing phase composition of sludge
Sludge mobile phase mainly by water and is dissolved in the various organic matters of water and inorganic matter forms, and the water solubility in sludge is dirty
Contaminate object composition it is similar in sewage, but generally concentration it is slightly higher, as mechanical sludge dewatering supernatant dissolubility COD it is hundreds of extremely
Thousands of ranges, several times higher than sewage.
In recent years, under national energy conservation and emission reduction and pro-active fiscal policy effect, urban wastewater treatment is rapidly developed,
Cities and towns water environment treatments obtains remarkable effect, but a large amount of sludge for generating of urban wastewater treatment process are not effectively addressed also place
It sets, these sludge may cause underground water, soil, air etc. secondary pollution, threatening environment safety and public health, influence state
The good effect of family's energy-saving and emission-reduction strategy implementation.
Aerobic fermentation technology early in early 20th century Europe just begun one's study.Start to be only applied to treatment of urban garbage, after
To be applied to Treatment of Sludge.In sludge containing nutritional ingredients such as a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium for promoting plants and crop growth and
Organic matter, stabilisation, innoxious and recycling can be achieved the purpose that by being handled by aerobic fermentation.Aerobic fermentation is one by thermophilic
Warm bacterium, Thermophilic Bacteria carry out organic matter the stabilization process of aerobic decomposition, its main feature is that sludge itself can generate certain heat,
And high-temperature duration is long, is not required to external heat source, you can reaches innoxious.After aerobic fermentation is handled, the character of sludge
Improve, moisture content reduces and (is less than 40%), becomes loose, disperses, acinous, can kill pathogen and parasite (ovum), be convenient for
Storage, transport and use.Sludge aerobic fermentation should generally add swelling agent, sludge, stalk, the sawdust that swelling agent can use heap ripe
Effect Deng, swelling agent is to increase the hole of sludge aerobic fermentation, improves ventilation and conditioning of mud moisture content and carbon-nitrogen ratio.
Sludge aerobic fermentation can be divided into two stages, i.e. level-one aerobic fermentation stage and two level aerobic fermentation stage.Level-one
The aerobic fermentation stage can be divided into 3 processes：Fever, high-temperature sterilization and decomposed.Aerobic fermentation initial stage is fever process, is forcing to lead to
Under the conditions of wind, organic matter starts to decompose in sludge, and mesophile shoots up, and sludge temperature rise is to about 45 ~ 55 DEG C；High temperature disappears
Malicious process, organic matter decompose discharged energy, a part of solidification sludge neoblast, and a part makes aerobic fermentation sludge
Temperature continues to rise, and up to 55 ~ 70 DEG C, mesophile is restricted at this time, Thermophilic Bacteria breeding, pathogen, parasitic ovum and virus
It is killed, since most of organic matter is by oxygenolysis, oxygen demand gradually decreases, and temperature starts to fall after rise；Digest process, temperature
40 DEG C or so are down to, aerobic fermentation is basically completed.The two level aerobic fermentation stage：After the completion of level-one aerobic fermentation, stop forcing logical
Wind is further cured, dry, granulating using natural ventilation system.
Aerobic fermentation bioprocess can produce the organic substrate of high-quality, due to being rich in the nutrition such as N, P, K in sludge
Substance stablizes curing under aerobic bacteria effect, is easy to plant and crop absorbs.Biological organic base caused by aerobic fermentation process
Matter is easy to deep processing, is beneficial to the breeding of microorganism, can be processed into bacterial manure, and compound fertilizer and each can be also mixed and made into nutrient
Kind soil conditioner.
The target of specific resistance to filtration is to realize the minimizing of sludge, stabilisation and innoxious；It encourages recycling and utilizes dirt
The energy in mud and resource.The processing disposition and comprehensive utilization for adhering to realizing sludge under the premise of safe and environment-friendly and economic, reach
To energy-saving and emission-reduction and the purpose recycled.Standard compliant sludge is encouraged to carry out land use, sludge landfill characteristics should meet
The standard and regulation in country and place.Sludge landfill characteristics include mainly the betterment of land and afforestation etc..Encouragement complies with standard
Sludge be used for the betterment of land and afforestation, and be included in government procurement register.Permit compliance with the restricted agriculture of sludge of standard
With ".
China's specific resistance to filtration should meet " safety and environmental protection adaptation to local conditions, recycles, is energy-saving, is safe reliable "
Principle.The sludge aerobic fermentation process technique for meeting the low cost of environmental requirement has stronger applicability.
In sludge aerobic fermentation process, origin of heat under the action of microorganism by organic matter be converted into carbon dioxide and
The process of water, the heat of generation are the driving forces of aerobic fermentation process, the heat that aerobic fermentation process generates can be considered
A kind of bioenergy.Biodegradable volatile solid is the mistake of the fuel of this bioenergy, microbial degradation organic matter
Journey consumes oxygen, generates water, carbon dioxide and heat.
Aerobic fermentation processing can be such that the debirs such as sludge stabilize, and pathogenic bacteria can be killed in hot fermentation, most
Final product can also be used as fertilizer or soil conditioner, so that organic matter circling is recycled, therefore, aerobic fermentation is to meet sustainable development
The method for sludge treatment of exhibition, has broad application prospects.
The quality and market prospects of sludge aerobic fermented product are also gradually improving, and product can improve soil and obtain
Extensive to approve, scientific research is also shown, and product also has the function of resisting pest and disease damage in agricultural, grass planting etc..
Publication number CN 1830238A, denomination of invention：The production method of degradable pot for growing seedlings, includes the following steps:With sludge
Or sludge composting product makees base-material;Base-material or the base-material added with jointing material are suppressed through mold, pot for growing seedlings is made.Using this
Invention not only can effectively solve environmental pollution caused by sludge, heavy metal and waste plastics, but also can realize that sludge circulation is made profits again
With guarantee city domestic sewage treatment plant normal operation, safety in production;Turn waste into wealth, beautified environment, at the same it is with good investment, at
This is low, simple using production operation, easy to promote, and has apparent society, environment and economic benefit.But the invention is only used
Sludge composting fermentation after prepares pot for growing seedlings, the performance of prepared pot for growing seedlings is integrally relatively low, be not suitable for high and cold, water shortage,
It promotes the use of in the serious area of soil desertification.
Authorization Notice No. CN 1149912C, a kind of comprehensive ecological vegetation planting method for use in desertificated area of denomination of invention,
It is that ecology solidification alms bowl is applied on the ditch of planting plants or the inner wall in cave, plant growth base is subsequently filled, in plant ditch or cave
Ground surface sprays surface layer ecology Alevaire, and this implantation methods can prevent water, fertilizer, soil needed for plant growth from leaking, being lost in,
And necessary moisture and nutrient in growing process are can be supplied to, while slow high temperature transpiration can be hindered, barrier dust storm corrodes, especially
Suitable for building vegetation in desert, desertification, deserted mountain or other arids, semiarid zone.This method is complicated, of high cost, unfavorable
In popularization.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of Desert of Gobi special nutritional pot, preparation method and its usages, solve existing sludge production
The problems such as pot for growing seedlings performance is not high and existing arid, high and cold, sandy land long-term cropping survives difficulty.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of Desert of Gobi special nutritional pot is made of following raw material in percentage by weight：Sludge, agriculture waste
The Nutrious fermented matrix 55-65% of object, bentonite 25%-30%, attapulgite 5%-10%, biological carbon 3.5-4%, biodegradable flocculation
Agent 0.7-1.2% and physics photosynthesis agent 0.3-0.5%.
Sludge fermentation compost in the prior art may be used in sludge, agricultural waste fermentation nutrient matrix in the present invention
Technology, compost water content is below 40%.
Preferably：The sludge, agricultural waste fermentation nutrient matrix, are prepared by following steps：
（1）Sludge, agricultural waste fermentation special bacterium, stalk/cellulose fermentation bacterium and sludge, agricultural wastes are aerobic
Auxiliary bacteria of fermenting is according to weight ratio 2.5-3.5:1.8-2.2:The proportional arrangement fermentation biological bacteria of 4-6；
（2）By sludge and agricultural wastes 0.95-1.05 by volume:0.9-1.1 is sufficiently mixed, and obtains mixture, is made
The moisture content of mixed mixture is 50%-60%, during mixing by weight according to fermentation biological bacteria and mixture
Compare 0.95-1.05:950-1050 is sufficiently mixed；
（3）Said mixture is broken into a pile, then carries out 7-10 days by a definite date aerobic fermentations, both obtains nutrient matrix.
Preferably：Sludge, agricultural waste fermentation special bacterium, stalk/cellulose fermentation bacterium and the sludge, agricultural are useless
Gurry aerobic fermentation auxiliary bacteria is according to weight ratio 3:2:5 proportional arrangement fermentation biological bacteria.
Sludge in the present invention can choose suitable various productions, life dirt nearby with adaptation to local conditions around grown place
Mud.Qualified municipal sludge, food processing factory and the cultivation of paper mill sludge, urban wastewater treatment firm generation that papermaking enterprise generates
The high organic sludge that field generates all can serve as fermentation raw material.
Preferably：The agricultural wastes be because when, adaptation to local conditions, it is suitable to choose this season nearby around grown place
Various agricultural wastes（Such as wood chip, wooden slag, wood shavings, sawdust, peanut shell, shuck, cotton, sorghum, corn, great Jiang, reed
Equal stalks and municipal administration greening beta pruning and fallen leaves etc., it is spare without shredding）.
The mixed proportion of sludge and agricultural wastes is matched according to respective moisture content, as long as ensureing mixed mixture
Water content in 50-60%, preferably：The moisture content of sludge be 78-84%, the biomass, agricultural wastes it is aqueous
Rate is 30%-45%.
Preferably：The aerobic fermentation includes the following steps
（1）Turn over throwing：After material blending is uniform, throwing two days is continuously turned over, throwing 2-4 times is turned over daily, keeps fermentation biological bacteria abundant
It is evenly distributed in sludge；
（2）Heat up turning：Pile pile to place, after maintaining 2-3 days time, keep material fermentation complete, temperature rise to 40 DEG C-
70 DEG C, turning material is carried out, the incomplete surface layer that will ferment turns to bottom, and until fermentation process completion terminates, pile is no longer bright
Aobvious heating；
（3）Fermentation ends：Maintain 2-3 days temperature rises no longer apparent, heap body moisture is reduced to 30%, entire fermentation process
Odorless, color become palm fibre, and as fermentation process terminates, and can form the nutrient matrix of total nutrient >=60%.
Preferably：The pile：High 1.5m, wide 2.5-2.8m, section are trapezoidal.
Present invention provides a kind of preparation methods of Desert of Gobi special nutritional pot, proportionally, by various raw materials
It is uniformly mixed, then rotary press modelling under 20-40 degree, both obtains nutritive cube.Pressure is 30-50KG/ square centimeters.The length of forming machine
Size aperture interchangeable inside and outside degree, extrusion equipment, so the size of nutritive cube and height are also adjustable.
Desert of Gobi special nutritional pot prepared by the present invention is in the nursery of Desert of Gobi area, the purposes of transplanting plant..
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
The technology of the present invention, which provides, a kind of utilizing the sludge, the agricultural wastes that are formed after sludge, agricultural wastes aerobic fermentation
Nutrious fermented matrix, bentonite, attapulgite, biological carbon, biodegradable flocculant and physics photosynthesis agent are sufficiently mixed through machine
Tool is suppressed, Desert of Gobi special nutritional pot of the production for forestry and agricultural, on the one hand solves production and domestic sludge is discarded
Object, agricultural wastes are innoxious, on the other hand recycling environmental issue can effectively utilize sludged waste material, agriculture
Organic matter in industry waste, by adding biomass, biological bacteria, clay, photosynthesis agent and biological carbon, biodegradable flocculates
Agent can make the Desert of Gobi special nutritional pot that final production goes out have environment-friendly degradable, high oxygen humus, warming resistance to low
Temperature, adsorption moisture, water storage are retained drought-enduring, root guard, nutritional ingredient sustained release, the effects that improveing soil of fertilizing the soil.On this basis, favorably
In greatly developing the plant of pot seedling integrated machine and transplanting, conventional method link is reduced, it is more environmentally-friendly, while greatly improving plant
With the efficiency and survival rate of transplanting, it is particluarly suitable for the serious area of high and cold, water shortage, soil desertification and promotes.
Bentonite has strong hygroscopicity and dilatancy, the water of adsorbable 15~20 times of own vols, volume expansion
Up to several times to 30 times；Can be dispersed into as a form of gel and suspension in aqueous medium, this medium solution have certain viscosity,
Thixotropy and lubricity；There is stronger cation exchange capacity (CEC)；There is certain adsorption energy to various gases, liquid, organic substance
Power, maximal absorptive capacity is up to 5 times of weight of itself；The admixture of it and water, mud or fine sand has plasticity and cohesiveness.
Attapulgite is a kind of clay mineral of magnesium silicate containing Shuifu County of tool chain layer structure, and making binder with it can protect
The advantages that card trace element does not scatter and disappear, ratio of briquetting is high, and the time is short, the fertilizer conservation time is long, can extend drug effect, long shelf-life.Using swollen
On the one hand profit soil and attapulgite can ensure that it, on the other hand again can be abundant with that should have adhesion strength as binder
Utilize bentonitic characteristic and attapulgite so that the moisture near nutritive cube can fully absorb in nutritive cube, for plant
Growth is used, and in addition can utilize concave convex rod soil characteristics again, the fertility in nutritive cube is kept not reduce quickly, improve fertilizer utilization
Rate.In addition bentonitic dilatancy, and the purpose that drop divides nutritive cube can be played, it avoids nutritive cube non-degradable, environment is caused
Secondary pollution.
Biological carbon, be by organic waste, such as animal wastes, animal bone, plant roots and stems, the processing such as sawdust and Wheat Straw and
At a kind of porous carbon, high carbon content and porous characteristic, it not only can be improved the foster ability of soil water storage storage, can also protect soil
Microorganism in earth.It locks carbon dioxide as a carbonaceous subterranean sink, is finally reached the effect for increasing crop yield.
Biodegradable flocculant is a kind of new and effective water soluble polymer water with natural decomposition and safety
Inorganic agent, non-secondary pollution, without reverse flocculation；Press filtration at mud after aerobic compost is handled, can be directly as soil improvement
Agent uses, excellent natural decomposition, and safety assurance will not cause soil hardened and pollution using this product.Biology can drop
The addition of solution flocculant can be effectively promoted the dehydration of sludge, reduce the water content of sludge, be conducive to the progress of fermentation, in addition give birth to
Biodegradable flocculant easily decomposes, is pollution-free, can effectively improve the degradation property of nutritive cube.
Physics photosynthesis agent main function is exactly by increasing photosynthetic cells volume, expanding leaf area, increase photosynthetic recipient surface
Product and chlorophyll content, to improve plant extinction, the ability and efficiency that pass light, turn light, reaches increasing yield and improving quality, can improve plant products
5%-35%, and quality is excellent, moreover it is possible to maturation ahead of time reduces fertilizer application amount 25% or so.It is suitable for grain, cotton class, vegetables water
All kinds of plants such as fruit, flower plants and nursery stock, Chinese herbal medicine.It is overcast and rainy low that also there is physics photosynthesis agent height resistance low temperature cold current, height to resist
Illumination and height resist three big specific functions of arid heat wave, can be widely used in all kinds of plants, can be received after proper use of
Improve the effect of crop and fruit quality and volume increase.It is low that addition physical light mixture can effectively enhance the planting plants resistance of nutritive cube institute
Effect in terms of warm cold current, the overcast and rainy low illumination of resistance and the arid heat wave of resistance.
Pass through the mutual cooperation of above-mentioned raw materials so that the nutritive cube prepared by the present invention can be used in high and cold, water shortage, soil
The serious area transplanting plant of earth desertification, cardinal principle are as follows：It is combined using above-mentioned raw materials, it can be with shape on prepared nutritive cube
At a large amount of capillary absorption hole, capillary absorption hole has capillary action, can largely adsorb the moisture in soil, and protect
It holds it not to be lost in, makes prepared nutritive cube that there is good effect in terms of water tariff collection.
Sludge, the agricultural waste fermentation nutrient matrix of the present invention be the paper mill sludge generated by using papermaking enterprise,
The high organic sludge that qualified municipal sludge, food processing factory and the farm that urban wastewater treatment firm generates generate is original
Material adds biomass（Such as wood chip, wooden slag, wood shavings, sawdust, peanut shell, shuck, cotton, sorghum, corn, great Jiang, reed
Equal stalks and municipal administration greening beta pruning and fallen leaves）And with various biological bacterias（Zymophyte, broken wall bacterium, thermophilic smooth bacterium, mesophile, deodorization
Bacterium etc.）It is sufficiently mixed carry out aerobic fermentation, turning over the processes such as throwing through continuous fermentation calefaction generates nutrient matrix, passes through 70 DEG C or more
High temperature kill and the geometry character of beneficial bacterium flora growth nibble, can finally kill 98% harmful bacteria, prepared nutrition
Matrix has the advantage that：Promote municipal administration, papermaking, innoxious, the recycling for cultivating sludge, agricultural wastes；Reduce straw
Stalk, biological shell burn, and improve the utilization rate of biomass;Best nature covering and soil conditioner；Improvement soil texture,
Texture and ventilation, enhance the water holding capacity of soil；Loose argillaceous soil helps sandy soil to preserve moisture；Improve soil fertility, thorn
Swash the healthy growth of root system of plant；Organic matter therein provides food for microorganism, and microorganism then maintain the health of soil with
Balance；Microorganism greatly reduces the input of chemical fertilizer feeding while can generate nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, reduce at
This；It saves sludge and buries place, reduce the land pollution caused by sludge buries leachate；It can be used for soil improvement or gardens
The application fertilizer of greening.This feeding block seedlings raising, which is transplanted, plantation is placed in the environment of crop field has：Environment-friendly degradable, high oxygen humus,
Warming low temperature resistant, adsorption moisture, water storage are retained drought-enduring, root guard, nutritional ingredient sustained release, the effects that improveing soil of fertilizing the soil.
Due to the characteristic of sludge itself, molecular structure is close, and porosity is low, and common beneficial zymophyte is extremely difficult to penetrate
Sludge molecule is formed a team, and sludge organism fermentation is not easy to.Therefore the present invention using sludge, agricultural waste fermentation special bacterium, stalk/
Compound, sludge, the agricultural waste fermentation special bacterium of cellulose fermentation bacterium and sludge, agricultural wastes aerobic fermentation auxiliary bacteria
It is a kind of biologically active substance.Bacterium containing a large amount of aerobic and anaerobic type enzyme compositions.It can be provided containing six kinds high-quality
The bacterium of amylase, protease, lipase and cellulase.Type includes hay bacillus, moss bacterium, more Acarasiales, Aspergillus, promise
Cattell bacterium etc., the microorganism in product generate digestive ferment during growth and breeding, contain to decompose in sludge, agricultural wastes
A large amount of debirs, the product of decomposition is converted further release further through oxidation, reduction and hydrolysis, reaches sludge and subtract
Amount, the purpose of deodorization, and remove the foul odour in sludge.The non-pathogenic that stalk/cellulose fermentation bacterium contains high concentration has
Beneficial microorganism, and it is added to a variety of enzymes that can decompose various macromolecular substances.Microorganism in the product is in composting process
Digestive ferment can be generated to decompose the organic matter and cellulose family carbohydrate in compost.This concentration is added in composting process
Product reinforces the decomposition to organic matter to produce humus using cellulose and agricultural solid waste to supplement original strain
Compost.It is wherein rich in the aerobic microbiological with special efficacy capacity of decomposition, they can grow in composting process and decompose organic
Object, composite bacteria can decompose rapidly the organic substance in industry, city and agricultural wastes.The aerobic hair of sludge, agricultural wastes
Ferment auxiliary bacteria, which contains six kinds, can provide high-quality amylase, protease, the bacterium of lipase and cellulase.Type includes biology
Broken wall bacterium, thermophilic smooth bacterium, mesophile, mould, saccharomycete etc., the biological wall breaking bacterium in the product can abolish cell wall, it are precipitated
Middle moisture decomposes a large amount of debirs contained in sludge.The product of decomposition is further through thermophilic smooth bacterium, mesophile, saccharomycete etc.
Oxidation, reduction and hydrolysis are converted further release, achieve the purpose that mud decrement, deodorization, and remove the evil in sludge
Foul smell taste.Using above-mentioned strain combination, distinctive sludge organism broken wall function can be interrogated in sludge organism fermentation process
Speed carries out biological wall breaking to sludge, and the moisture in its cell membrane is made to interrogate speed heating evaporation under the action of biofermentation, can not
Disconnected expansion sludge molecule form a team in gap, the friendly environment of aerobic fermentation is generated, to greatly speed up the fermenting of sludge, rotten
It grows, the profitable strain without any harm.Relative to domestic traditional sludge zymotechnique present situation:1. digestion degree is relatively low
（Corruption rate≤30%）, desiccation only actually is being done, sludge fermentation truly can not be known as.Sludge table when compost
Face has fly as it can be seen that internal not raw maggot；Compost is constantly in semianaerobic condition, and stink is big；Drying cycle is longer（21 days -45
It）；The problems such as auxiliary material addition is more, and cost is higher, sludge of the invention, agricultural waste fermentation technique have the following advantages：
Digestion degree is high（Corruption rate >=80%）Sludge Surface has fly as it can be seen that internal a large amount of raw maggots when compost；Aerobic composting process
Middle odorless；It is shorter to degenerate the period（- 10 days 7 days after heating）；4. auxiliary material addition is less, compost cost is greatlyd save.
Biomass in the present invention be because when, adaptation to local conditions, choose the suitably various lifes of this season nearby around grown place
Substance（Such as the stalks such as wood chip, wooden slag, wood shavings, sawdust, peanut shell, shuck, cotton, sorghum, corn, great Jiang, reed and
Municipal administration greening beta pruning and fallen leaves etc., it is spare without shredding）, generally biomass castoff, agricultural wastes can be effective
Resource utilization is improved, for most of biomass, without chopping, but some large-scale branches etc. are to be shredded.It does not cut
Broken reason is：The effect of biomass ferment process：1. playing the role of adjusting moisture, with the progress of convenient fermentation, 2. lifes
Substance is mixed with sludge, can effectively improve the fluffy degree of sludge, is carried out the oxygen content for improving sludge, is conducive to aerobic fermentation
Progress；3 biomass are decomposeds in fermentation process, and the difficult fiber decomposed such as some lignin remains, and is preparing
During nutritive cube, on the one hand cellulose plays the role of enhancing nutritive cube intensity, on the one hand play water moisture self restraint.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the specific embodiment of the invention, technical scheme of the present invention is clearly and completely described, is shown
So, described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the reality in the present invention
Example is applied, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained without creative efforts all belongs to
In the scope of protection of the invention.
Sludge used in the embodiment of the present invention, agricultural waste fermentation special bacterium are purchased from Shandong Su Kehan bioengineering
Limited liability company, is SKHZYE-SLW/300, and stalk/cellulose fermentation bacterium is to have purchased from Shandong Su Kehan bioengineering shares
Limit company, is S SUKAAgri-C3009/C, and agricultural wastes aerobic fermentation auxiliary bacteria is purchased from the green biological section of speeding of the gloomy promise in Qingdao
Skill Co., Ltd, for sludge aerobic fermentation auxiliary bacteria-FZ6001.Biodegradable flocculant speeds to give birth to purchased from the gloomy promise in Qingdao is green
Object Science and Technology Ltd., physics photosynthesis agent are purchased from Shandong Dong Tairunfeng photosynthetic organisms limited liability company.
Site requirements
Sludge fermentation place smooth need to be not easy ponding, and at least 30 meters or more of the construction suggestion width for the canopy that ferments, length is unlimited,
Height does not interfere turner and forklift to run with lower position to be advisable, and slightly higher both sides are slightly lower among place, and there are gutter in both sides, top
Canopy is constructed for triangle, and there are gutter, slot in both sides.
Embodiment 1
Sludge, agricultural waste fermentation nutrient matrix, are prepared by following steps：
（1）By sludge, agricultural waste fermentation special bacterium, stalk/cellulose fermentation bacterium and agricultural wastes aerobic fermentation
Auxiliary bacteria is according to weight ratio 2.5: 2.2:6 proportional arrangement fermentation biological bacteria；
（2）By sludge and agricultural wastes by volume 0.95:0.9 is sufficiently mixed, and obtains mixture, makes mixed mixed
The moisture content for closing object is 50%-60%, according to ferment fermentation biological bacteria and mixture by weight 0.95 during mixing:
1050 are sufficiently mixed；
（3）Said mixture is broken into a pile, then carries out 7-10 days by a definite date aerobic fermentations, both obtains nutrient matrix.
Aerobic fermentation includes the following steps：
（1）Turn over throwing：After material blending is uniform, throwing two days is continuously turned over, throwing 2-4 times is turned over daily, keeps fermentation biological bacteria abundant
It is evenly distributed in sludge；
（2）Heat up turning：Pile after pile places and maintain 2-3 days time, keep material fermentation complete, temperature rise to 40 DEG C-
70 DEG C, turning material is carried out, the incomplete surface layer that will ferment turns to bottom, and until fermentation process completion terminates, pile is no longer bright
Aobvious heating, pile：High 1.5m, wide 2.5-2.8m, section are trapezoidal；
（3）Fermentation ends：Maintain 2-3 days temperature rises no longer apparent, heap body moisture is reduced to 30%, entire fermentation process
Odorless, color become palm fibre, and smell is the taste that trees are rotted, and as fermentation process terminates, and can form the battalion of total nutrient >=60%
Support matrix.
The sludge of the present invention uses certain paper mill sludge, organic matter % (with butt)：23.03 carbon-nitrogen ratio C/N：7.59
Moisture %：79.13 total nitrogen N%（With butt）：1.76, agricultural wastes use wooden slag and wood chip, organic matter % (with butt)：
64.47 carbon-nitrogen ratio C/N：35.61 moisture %：31.77 total nitrogen N%（With butt）：10.5.
A kind of Desert of Gobi special nutritional pot is made of following raw material in percentage by weight：Sludge fermentation Nutrient medium
Matter 55%, bentonite 30%, attapulgite 10%, biological carbon 3.5%, biodegradable flocculant 1%, physics photosynthesis agent 0.5%.
Various raw materials are proportionally uniformly mixed by preparation method, and then 20 degree of lower rotary press modellings, both obtain nutritive cube.
Pressure is 50KG/ square centimeters.Size aperture interchangeable inside and outside the length of forming machine, extrusion equipment, so nutritive cube is big
Small and height is also adjustable.
Desert of Gobi special nutritional pot prepared by the present embodiment is cylindrical shape, long 100cm, diameter 30cm, wall thickness 4cm.
Embodiment 2
Sludge, agricultural waste fermentation nutrient matrix, are prepared by following steps：
（1）By sludge, agricultural waste fermentation special bacterium, stalk/cellulose fermentation bacterium and agricultural wastes aerobic fermentation
Auxiliary bacteria is according to weight ratio 3:2:5 proportional arrangement fermentation biological bacteria；
（2）Sludge and agricultural wastes are pressed into volume 1:1 is sufficiently mixed, and obtains mixture, makes mixed mixture
Moisture content is 50%-60%, according to ferment fermentation biological bacteria and mixture by weight 1 during mixing:1000 are filled
Divide mixing；
（3）Said mixture is broken into a pile, then carries out 7-10 days by a definite date aerobic fermentations, both obtains nutrient matrix
Aerobic fermentation includes the following steps：
（1）Turn over throwing：After material blending is uniform, throwing two days is continuously turned over, throwing 2-4 times is turned over daily, keeps fermentation biological bacteria abundant
It is evenly distributed in sludge；
（2）Heat up turning：Pile after pile places and maintain 2-3 days time, keep material fermentation complete, temperature rise to 40 DEG C-
70 DEG C, turning material is carried out, the incomplete surface layer that will ferment turns to bottom, and until fermentation process completion terminates, pile is no longer bright
Aobvious heating, pile：High 1.5m, wide 2.5-2.8m, section are trapezoidal；
（3）Fermentation ends：Maintain 2-3 days temperature rises no longer apparent, heap body moisture is reduced to 30%, entire fermentation process
Odorless, color become palm fibre, and smell is the taste that trees are rotted, and as fermentation process terminates, and can form the battalion of total nutrient >=60%
Support matrix.
The sludge of the present invention uses certain paper mill sludge, organic matter % (with butt)：23.03 carbon-nitrogen ratio C/N：7.59
Moisture %：79.13 total nitrogen N%（With butt）：1.76, agricultural wastes use wooden slag and wood chip, organic matter % (with butt)：
64.47 carbon-nitrogen ratio C/N：35.61 moisture %：31.77 total nitrogen N%（With butt）：10.5.
A kind of Desert of Gobi special nutritional pot is made of following raw material in percentage by weight：Sludge fermentation Nutrient medium
Matter 60%, bentonite 28%, attapulgite 7%, biological carbon 3.5%, biodegradable flocculant 1.2%, physics photosynthesis agent 0.3%.
Various raw materials are proportionally uniformly mixed by preparation method, and then 30 degree of lower rotary press modellings, both obtain nutritive cube.
Pressure is 30KG/ square centimeters.Size aperture interchangeable inside and outside the length of forming machine, extrusion equipment, so nutritive cube is big
Small and height is also adjustable.
Desert of Gobi special nutritional pot prepared by the present embodiment is cylindrical shape, long 100cm, diameter 30cm, wall thickness 3cm.
Embodiment 3
Sludge, agricultural waste fermentation nutrient matrix, are prepared by following steps：
（1）By sludge, agricultural waste fermentation special bacterium, stalk/cellulose fermentation bacterium and agricultural wastes aerobic fermentation
Auxiliary bacteria is according to weight ratio 3.5:1.8:6 proportional arrangement fermentation biological bacteria；
（2）By sludge and agricultural wastes by volume 1.05:1.1 are sufficiently mixed, and obtain mixture, make mixed
The moisture content of mixture is 50%-60%, according to ferment fermentation biological bacteria and mixture by weight 1.05 during mixing:
950 are sufficiently mixed；
（3）Said mixture is broken into a pile, then carries out 7-10 days by a definite date aerobic fermentations, both obtains nutrient matrix.
Aerobic fermentation includes the following steps：
（1）Turn over throwing：After material blending is uniform, throwing two days is continuously turned over, throwing 2-4 times is turned over daily, keeps fermentation biological bacteria abundant
It is evenly distributed in sludge；
（2）Heat up turning：Pile after pile places and maintain 2-3 days time, keep material fermentation complete, temperature rise to 40 DEG C-
70 DEG C, turning material is carried out, the incomplete surface layer that will ferment turns to bottom, and until fermentation process completion terminates, pile is no longer bright
Aobvious heating, pile：High 1.5m, wide 2.5-2.8m, section are trapezoidal；
（3）Fermentation ends：Maintain 2-3 days temperature rises no longer apparent, heap body moisture is reduced to 30%, entire fermentation process
Odorless, color become palm fibre, and smell is the taste that trees are rotted, and as fermentation process terminates, and can form the battalion of total nutrient >=60%
Support matrix.
The sludge of the present invention uses municipal sludge, organic matter % (with butt)：25.03 carbon-nitrogen ratio C/N：8.01 water
Divide %：83.13 total nitrogen N%（With butt）：1.66, agricultural wastes use agricultural crop straw, organic matter % (with butt)：
65.47 carbon-nitrogen ratio C/N：37.31 moisture %：44.77 total nitrogen N%（With butt）：11.5,
A kind of Desert of Gobi special nutritional pot is made of following raw material in percentage by weight：Sludge fermentation Nutrient medium
Matter 65%, bentonite 25%, attapulgite 5%, biological carbon 4%, biodegradable flocculant 0.7%, physics photosynthesis agent 0.3%.
Various raw materials are proportionally uniformly mixed by preparation method, and then 40 degree of lower rotary press modellings, both obtain nutritive cube.
Pressure is 40KG/ square centimeters.Size aperture interchangeable inside and outside the length of forming machine, extrusion equipment, so nutritive cube is big
Small and height is also adjustable.
Desert of Gobi special nutritional pot prepared by the present embodiment is cylindrical shape, long 100cm, diameter 30cm, wall thickness 4cm.
Effect experiment：
Using the Desert of Gobi special nutritional pot prepared by embodiment 1-3, shiny-leaved yellowhorn tree is planted in Gansu Wuwei area（Children
Seedling is transplanted）, each embodiment 2000,110 per acre, first mechanical punching, diameter is slightly larger than nutritive cube, then nutritive cube
It puts in, sapling transplanting is entered, fill up matrix, plant roots grow to after 1 meter the moisture and mineral fully absorbed in desert, plant
The lateral root of object can take root away from the side of nutritive cube, and nutritive cube 1 year or so just decomposes.As a result each embodiment survives
Rate is 100%, and the seedling growth of wherein embodiment 2 is most vigorous.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
With within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention god.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of Desert of Gobi special nutritional pot, it is characterised in that：In percentage by weight, it is made of following raw material：Sludge,
Agricultural waste fermentation nutrient matrix 55-65%, bentonite 25%-30%, attapulgite 5%-10%, biological carbon 3.5-4%, biology can
Degrade flocculant 0.7-1.2% and physics photosynthesis agent 0.3-0.5%；
The sludge, agricultural waste fermentation nutrient matrix, are prepared by following steps：
（1）By sludge, agricultural waste fermentation special bacterium, stalk/cellulose fermentation bacterium and sludge, agricultural wastes aerobic fermentation
Auxiliary bacteria is according to weight ratio 2.5-3.5:1.8-2.2:The proportional arrangement fermentation biological bacteria of 4-6；
（2）By sludge and agricultural wastes 0.95-1.05 by volume:0.9-1.1 is sufficiently mixed, and obtains mixture, makes mixing
The moisture content of mixture afterwards is 50%-60%, during mixing by weight according to fermentation biological bacteria and mixture
0.95-1.05:950-1050 is sufficiently mixed；
（3）Said mixture is broken into a pile, then carries out 7-10 days by a definite date aerobic fermentations to get sludge, agricultural wastes
Nutrious fermented matrix；
The moisture content of the sludge is 78-84%；
The moisture content of the agricultural wastes is 30%-45%；
The aerobic fermentation includes the following steps：
（1）Turn over throwing：After material blending is uniform, throwing two days is continuously turned over, throwing 2-4 times is turned over daily, keeps fermentation biological bacteria full and uniform
It is distributed in sludge；
（2）Heat up turning：It piles a pile to place, after maintaining 2-3 days time, keeps material fermentation complete, temperature rises to 40 DEG C -70
DEG C, turning material is carried out, the incomplete surface layer that will ferment turns to bottom, and until fermentation process completion terminates, pile is no longer apparent
Heating；
（3）Fermentation ends：Maintain 2-3 days temperature rises no longer apparent, heap body moisture is reduced to 30%-40%, entire fermentation process
Odorless, color become palm fibre, and as fermentation process terminates, and can form the nutrient matrix of total nutrient >=60%.
2. Desert of Gobi special nutritional pot according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The sludge, agricultural wastes
Fermentation special bacterium, stalk/cellulose fermentation bacterium and sludge, agricultural wastes aerobic fermentation auxiliary bacteria are according to weight ratio 3:2:5
Proportional arrangement fermentation biological bacteria.
3. Desert of Gobi special nutritional pot according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The agricultural wastes be because
When, adaptation to local conditions, choose the suitably various agricultural wastes of this season nearby around grown place.
4. Desert of Gobi special nutritional pot according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The pile：High 1.5m, it is wide
2.5-2.8m section is trapezoidal.
5. a kind of preparation method of Desert of Gobi special nutritional pot according to any one of claims 1-4, it is characterised in that：It presses
According to ratio, various raw materials are uniformly mixed, then compression moulding under 20-40 degree, both obtain nutritive cube.
6. the Desert of Gobi special nutritional pot prepared by claim 5 is in the nursery of Desert of Gobi area, the purposes of transplanting plant.
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| KR102084201B1 (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2020-03-03 | 토방이앤이 주식회사 | Method for preparing fuel using sewage sludge and additives |
| CN110894146A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2020-03-20 | 沈阳东源环境科技有限公司 | Sludge plate brick and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111234833B (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2021-05-28 | 华中农业大学 | Saline-alkali soil water-retention granules and preparation method thereof |
| CN111657036A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-15 | 北京林业大学 | Method for planting woody plants in high and cold area park |
| CN117136662A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2023-12-01 | 何春远 | Biological straw farmland improvement method and application thereof |
| CN113349018A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-09-07 | 鹏鹞环保股份有限公司 | Plastic plant cultivation substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN113636896A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-11-12 | 华电西藏能源有限公司大古水电分公司 | Method for promoting sandy aggregate dewatered sludge to be in soil by using wood processing excess material and biochar thereof |
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