CN1073224C - 空调机的工作方式调定装置 - Google Patents

空调机的工作方式调定装置 Download PDF

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CN1073224C
CN1073224C CN92112068A CN92112068A CN1073224C CN 1073224 C CN1073224 C CN 1073224C CN 92112068 A CN92112068 A CN 92112068A CN 92112068 A CN92112068 A CN 92112068A CN 1073224 C CN1073224 C CN 1073224C
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warm area
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中江继雄
石原学
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Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
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    • F24F11/72Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
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    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00Control or safety arrangements
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    • F24F11/80Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/83Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
    • F24F11/84Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using valves
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    • F24F11/80Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/87Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling absorption or discharge of heat in outdoor units
    • F24F11/871Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling absorption or discharge of heat in outdoor units by controlling outdoor fans
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    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/88Electrical aspects, e.g. circuits
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D23/00Control of temperature
    • G05D23/19Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
    • G05D23/1902Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means characterised by the use of a variable reference value
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00Control or safety arrangements
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    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00Control or safety arrangements
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    • F24F11/00Control or safety arrangements
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    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
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Abstract

一种空调机的工作方式调定装置,在该装置中,以室温和室外温度来确定多个温区,通过判断室温和室外温度处在哪一个温区,调定空调机的工作方式,并提供一个温区供根据日历日期的资料改变空调机的工作方式之用。

Description

空调机的工作方式调定装置
本发明涉及一种空调机的工作方式自动调节装置。
在一般的空调机工作方式的自动调定装置中,致冷或加热工作方式都是根据室温/室外温度与预定值的差值而自动调定的。
然而,一般的调定装置不能提供中间(过渡)季节(即炎热季节与寒冷季节之间的季节)的最佳调定值。
日本专利文献63-150550(该专利申请尚未经审查)介绍了空调机工作方式的自动选择。在该专利文献中,采用了多个室温调定值和多个室外温度调定值,并规定了多个温度区“A”至“L”,温度区A被设定为加热操作调定区。同样,设定了K、G和H温度区为除湿操作调定区,设定温度区L为致冷操作调定区,设定其它的温度区为监控区(供定期检测室温之用),从而判断室温和室外温度处在哪一个区中。通过判断室温和室外温度处在上述各区中的任一区,自动选择工作方式。
日本专利文献63-30634(该专利申请尚未经审查)介绍了一种利用室温和日期(年/月/日)的数据判断一年中的季节的装置。在该传统装置中,对某一季节的判断是根据日期(年/月/日)的数据进行的。在符合两个或多个季节条件的某一过渡时期中,检测一天之中的最高和最低温度就可以判断出是属于什么季节。
然而在上述的传统装置中,在象春季或秋季的中间季节(时期)的情况下就不可能准确地从致冷、加热和除湿等工作方式中自动进行选择。
首先,通过设定多个温度区自动选择工作方式时,即使温度属于同样的温度区,使用空调的人在秋天和在春天也会有不同的感觉。换句话说,在春天,空调用户感觉到较冷,感到需要(或要求)采暖。相反,在秋天,空调用户会感觉到比较热而要求致冷。因此,仅仅规定温度区不足以准确地自动选择空调的工作方式(致冷、加热或除湿)。
此外,对季节进行判断时,判断得出的季节并不总与所要求的工作方式符合。特别是不能有效地求出从夏天的除湿工作方式转入致冷工作方式的转换时间。
本发明的基本目的是提供一种经改进的空调机工作方式调定装置,该装置即使在象秋天和春天的中间季节也能有效地调定最佳温度区。
按照本发明,提供了一种具有致冷、加热和除湿三种工作方式的空调机工作方式的自动调定装置,该装置包括:
温区设定部分,用以根据多个室温设定值和多个室外温度设定值确定多个温区;
第一温区分配部分,用以将该多个温区划分成致冷调定区、加热调定区、除湿调定区和其它调定区;和
第二温区分配部分,用以根据日历的日期将所述其它调定区设定为致冷、加热或除湿工作方式;
由此检测出室温和室外温度,从而自动调定空调机的工作方式。
此外,本发明还提供这样一种具有致冷、加热、除湿三个工作方式的空调机的工作方式自动调定装置,该装置包括:
温区设定部分,用以根据多个室温设定值和多个室外温度设定值确定多个温区;
第一温区分配部分,用以将该多个温区划分成致冷调定区、加热调定区、除湿调定区和其它调定区;和
第二温区分配部分,用以根据室外温度将所述其它调定区划分成多个区,并将划分出来的区根据日历的日期设定为致冷、加热或除湿工作区;
由此检测出室温和室外温度,从而自动调定空调机的工作方式。
在本发明的空调机工作方式自动调定装置中,部分温区的工作方式是根据日历的日期而改变的。
图1是本发明一个实施例的空调机的电路图。
图2是表示图1所示的空调机工作过程中各主要程序的流程图。
图3是由室温和室外温度所确定的各温区的示意图。
图4是本发明调定空调机工作方式的操作过程的流程图。
现在参看图1至4说明本发明的一个最佳实施例。
图1中示出了空调机的电路图,该空调机有一个室内部分和一个室外部分,该两部分由100伏商业交流电源1提供交流电。编号2表示非线性电阻,供消除浪涌电压之用。线圈3、扼流圈4和非线性电阻2一起形成静噪滤波器。二极管电桥5用于全波整流商业交流电源,并将经全波整流过的输出供给变换器电桥6。这时,100伏的RMS(均方根)值交流电压被变换成约280伏的直流电压,然后加到变换器电桥6上。变换器电桥有六个连接成三相电桥的开关元件,这些开关元件按PWM(脉宽调制)原理作通/断切换,给压缩机8输出三相准正弦波。
直流检测电路9将直流变换器(CT)10所检测的交流电压变换成直流电压,并将经变换的直流电压加到微处理器11的A/D输入端。微处理器11校正加到压缩机的准正弦波的频率,从而使检测电路9所检测出的电流不致超过预定电流。
压缩机8的温度借助温度传感器12加以检测。该温度数据通过温度检测电路32输入到微处理器11,从而和上面所述相类似地由微处理器11校正加到压缩机上的准正弦波的频率,从而使压缩机的温度不致超过预定的温度。
编号13表示用以在室内部分的微处理器20与室外部分的微处理器11之间发送和接收数据的接口设备。室内部分发送用于致冷、加热和除湿的工作信号和用以确定三相准正弦波频率的信号。此外,室内部分还发送由室外温度传感器19所检测出的温度数据和显示室内部有不正常现象出现时的不正常现象数据。
放大器电路将从微处理器11输出的通/断信号放大到使其可以驱动变换器电桥6的各开关元件的电平。微处理器11根据频率信号产生基于PWM工作原理的转换信号。
继电器触点15和光电三端双向可控硅元件(photo-triac)16由微处理器11控制。通过四通阀将致冷剂循环(refrigerant cycle)切换到加热工作的致冷剂循环。室外热交换器18的鼓风机的转速根据室外温度的变化通过改变光电三端双向可控硅元件的导通角进行控制。
室内部分的微处理器20通过接口设备21将上述数据传送给室外部分的微处理器11,并从微处理器11接收上述数据。继电器23控制着常开(NO)触点22。微处理器20供电给继电器23,使触点22闭合,从而供电给室外部分。触点22保持打开时,接口设备阻止信号的发送/接收,从而没有信号加到室外部分。
编号24表示用于有待空调的房间的室温传感器。微处理器20根据室温传感器24检测出的温度和所要求的温度从而获得准正弦波的频差(增加和减小),该准正弦波输出是被供到压缩机8去的,新的频率信号则传送到室外部分。该频差可用例如PlD(比例积分微分)控制法和“模糊”控制法获得。
通风用的风机电动机26和改变通风方向用的折叶驱动电动机(flap-driving motor)27分别由电动机控制器28和29控制。电源电路30给室内部分提供直流电。
微处理器20控制风机电动机26的驱动转速和折叶驱动电动机27的转角,微处理器20中存有计时程序和日历数据。当计时装置计出的计数值为一天时,“日期”就推进一天。因此,若将初始值调到电源开始供电的时间,则微处理器可用作计时装置(或时钟)和日历。
参看图2。这是空调机基本工作过程的程序图,工作过程在程序S1开始,在程序S2接收各种数据。换句话说,工作过程在程序S1开始时,在程序S2接收从室外部分获得的室外温度数据、驱动压缩机8用的频率数据、除霜数据、和显示室外部分发生的不正常现象类型的不正常现象数据。另外,还可接收通过无线遥控器发送来的各种数据。
在程序S3判断是否需要调定工作方式(或改变工作方式)。当需要调定工作方式时,工作方式是在程序S4调定的。在程序S3,下列各情况时可获得“肯定”的答案:当借助于开关等而自动调定工作方式时;当开始起动工作过程时;当停止工作的时间延续2小时以上之后,起动工作过程时(即改变工作方式);和当从手动工作方式转换到自动工作方式时。
接着,在程序S5根据室温和所要求的温度计算准备发送到室外部分的频率值。然后,在程序S6,若判断出空调机工作不正常则采取必要的针对性措施。这之后,在程序S7调定室内部分,并确定风机电动机26的转速和折叶驱动电动机27的转角。
在程序S8将数据传送给室外部分。换句话说,传送用于控制通/断四通阀17的工作方式数据(即致冷、加热和除湿用的数据)和加到压缩机8的准正弦波输出的频率数据。
图3显示了在程序S4用以确定工作方式的各温区,在图3中,用多个室温设定值TR1、TR2和多个室外设定值来确定多个温区。这些温区由微处理器的温区设定程序(温区设定部分)在阴影线部位设定。这些区借助于区分配程序(第一区分配部分)在上述阴影线部位内被确定为C区(致冷调定区)、H区(加热调定区),还有Z0-Z5区(其它区)。Z0-Z5区借助于另一个区分配程序(第二个区分配部分)再分配成致冷区、加热区或除湿区(例如用再加热的方式来除湿和通过间歇驱动室内风扇来干燥),它们根据“日期”信息(存储在微处理器20中的数据信息)而进行工作。举例说,若存储在微处理器中的“数据”属于从五月至十月的条件范围,则确定Z0-Z5区被调定为干燥工作方式的区。若“日期”属于从十一月至四月的条件范围,则确定Z0-Z1区被调定为干燥工作方式的区,Z2-Z7区被确定为加热工作方式区。
如上所述将一年时间分成两期,则从五月至十月的暖和期主要以干燥工作为主,另一方面,从十一月至四月的寒冷期主要以加热工作为主,这样就可以调定出适合空调机用户的感觉的适当工作方式。
图4是采用图3所示温区的空调工作方式调定过程的流程图。图4中,在程序S41,输入室温传感器2 4检测出的室温和室外部分的室外温度传感器19检测出的室外温度。室外温度数据从微处理器11传送到另一个微处理器20,接着在程序S42-S44判断室温和室外温度处在哪一个温区中。当温区被判断为:室温及室外温度处在C区中之后,在程序S48确定致冷。若这些温度处在H区,则在程序S46确定加热。同样,若这些温度在Z0-Z1区,则在程序S47确定进行干燥,若各温度处在另一些区中,则判断“日期”是否在从五月至十月的期内。若判断出日期是在从五月至十月的期内,则在程序S47确定进行干燥。若日期经判断系处在从十一月至四日的期内,则在程序S46确定加热。
Z0至Z5各区的分配和日期的确定并不局限于本发明的上述实施例。举例说,一年可以划分为六期,即冬、春、雨季、夏、秋和初冬,Z0至Z5各区可按这六个季节(期)改变,从而可为该六期获取最佳的温区。
在上述实施例中,确定工作方式用的日期是由室内部分的微处理器20计算和存储的,但必要时,这些日期资料也可以由遥控器计算和存储,再传送到室内部分。在此情况下,可以在遥控器上显示日期资料。
按照本发明,多个温区是采用多个室温设定值和多个室外温度设定值确定的,然后判断室温和室外温度处在哪一个温区中。通过这个判断,可以确定工作方式用的温区是根据日历日期的资料(数据)进行的,因而可以根据日历日期的资料而设定在使用温区时的工作方式更接近致冷或加热工作方式的位置。因此,可以根据空调用户的感觉将温区自动转入一个合适的温区。举例说,一个较接近加热的温区适用于春天,一个较接近致冷的温区也可能适用于春天。

Claims (2)

1.一种空调机工作方式调定装置,该装置设定致冷、加热和除湿三种工作方式的其中一种工作方式,所述装置包括:
温区确定部分,供根据多个室温调定值(TR1,TR2)和多个室外调定值确定多个温区;和
第一温区分配部分,供分配各温区作为致冷方式调定区、加热方式调定区、除湿方式调定区和其它区;所述装置的特征在于:
第二温区分配部分,供根据日期信息分配所述其它区作为致冷、加热和除湿三种工作方式的其中一种工作方式;
这样,根据室温、室外温度和日期自动调定所要求的工作方式。
2.一种空调机工作方式调定装置,该装置自动选择使空调机进行致冷、加热和除湿操作的操作调定,包括:
温区确定部分,供根据多个室温调定值(TR1,TR2)和多个室外温度调定值确定多个温区;和
第一温区分配部分,供分配各温区作为致冷操作调定区、加热操作调定区和其它区;所述装置的特征在于:
第二温区分配部分,供根据室外温度将所述其它区划分成多个分区,并根据日期信息分配各分区作为致冷、加热和除湿三种操作的其中一种操作的调定区;
这样,根据室温、室外温度和日期自动调定所要求的操作。
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