CN107293817A - A kind of waste and old lithium ion battery each component is efficiently dissociated and classified reclaiming method - Google Patents
A kind of waste and old lithium ion battery each component is efficiently dissociated and classified reclaiming method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107293817A CN107293817A CN201710425534.2A CN201710425534A CN107293817A CN 107293817 A CN107293817 A CN 107293817A CN 201710425534 A CN201710425534 A CN 201710425534A CN 107293817 A CN107293817 A CN 107293817A
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- Prior art keywords
- waste
- component
- battery
- pyrolysis
- lithium
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Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of waste and old lithium ion battery each component efficiently dissociation and classified reclaiming method, includes following steps:(1) waste lithium cell discharge process:Waste and old lithium ion battery of abandoning is discharged, uncharged waste lithium cell is obtained, is that subsequent treatment process lays the foundation;(2) monoblock lithium battery pyrolysis processing:Waste lithium cell after electric discharge is subjected to overall pyrolysis, the decomposition removing of electrolyte, barrier film, binding agent is realized, and then realizes the abundant dissociation of electrode material and electrode slice, and further realizes by condensation method the recovery of organic pyrolysis liquids;(3) dissociation is crushed:Lithium battery after pyrolysis is put into disintegrating machine to be crushed, tearing up for battery case, crushing for electrode slice and coming off for electrode material is realized;(4) screening process:Fine fraction electrode material, middle grade electrode slice and big grade shell are obtained by the method for screening according to difference of each component in lithium battery in granularity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to old and useless battery recycling field technology, refer in particular to a kind of waste and old lithium ion battery each component and efficiently solve
From with classified reclaiming method.
Background technology
In recent years, with the update of the electronic products such as mobile phone, notebook computer, camera, substantial amounts of waste lithium cell
Also appear in daily life environment, for the high efficiente callback utilization of waste lithium cell, can not only to obtain cobalt, lithium contour
Valuable metal, moreover it is possible to solve a series of environmental problems that waste lithium cell is brought.
In waste and old lithium ion battery removal process, efficient dissociation and classification recovery between each component are key technology rings
Section, but due to packing close in lithium battery manufacturing process, and electrode material is to be bonded in by binding agent PVDF above electrode slice,
Simple Mechanical Crushing can not realize completely falling off for electrode material, cause substantial amounts of electrode material attachment to remain in electrode slice
On, cause the loss of electrode material.
The content of the invention
In view of this, in view of the existing deficiencies of the prior art, its main purpose is to provide a kind of applying waste lithium ionic to the present invention
Battery each component is efficiently dissociated and classified reclaiming method, and it realizes the efficient dissociation of waste lithium cell each component pyrolysis, and passes through machine
Tool is broken to realize that the classification of packet point is reclaimed with the method that screening is combined, and overcomes prior art assorting room complexity, reclaims effect
The problem of rate is low.
To achieve the above object, the present invention is using following technical scheme:
A kind of waste and old lithium ion battery each component is efficiently dissociated and classified reclaiming method, includes following steps:
(1) waste lithium cell discharge process:Waste and old lithium ion battery of abandoning is discharged, uncharged useless old lithium is obtained
Pond, is that subsequent treatment process lays the foundation;
(2) monoblock lithium battery pyrolysis processing:Waste lithium cell after electric discharge is subjected to overall pyrolysis, realize electrolyte, every
The decomposition removing of film, binding agent, and then the abundant dissociation of electrode material and electrode slice is realized, and further realized by condensation method
The recovery of organic pyrolysis liquids;
(3) dissociation is crushed:Lithium battery after pyrolysis is put into disintegrating machine to be crushed, tearing up for battery case is realized, electricity
Crushing for pole piece and coming off for electrode material;
(4) screening process:Fine fraction is obtained by the method for screening according to difference of each component in lithium battery in granularity
Electrode material, middle grade electrode slice and big grade shell.
It is preferred that, waste and old lithium ion battery is put into the electric discharge equipped with certain ion concentration solution in the step (1)
Discharge process is carried out in pond.
It is preferred that, it will integrally be put into pyrolysis oven and carry out after the lithium battery cleaning, drying after electric discharge in the step (2)
Pyrolysis, makes electrolyte in lithium battery, barrier film, the decomposition of binding agent organic matter, realizes efficient between electrode material and electrode slice
Dissociation, and pyrolysis gas is condensed by condensing unit, further realize the recovery of organic pyrolysis liquids.
It is preferred that, the lithium battery after pyrolysis is put into shear crusher in the step (3) and crushed, by outside metal
Shell is torn up, then will it is broken after material be put into impact crusher and realize mutual dissociation between lithium battery each component.
It is preferred that, the product after being crushed in the step (4) passes sequentially through first big after small vibratory sieve, according to lithium battery
Difference of the middle each component in granularity obtains fine fraction electrode material, middle grade electrode slice and big grade by the method for screening
Shell.
The present invention has clear advantage and beneficial effect compared with prior art, specifically, by above-mentioned technical proposal
Understand:
The present invention is using the method for pyrolysis to the efficient dissociation between waste and old lithium ion battery each component, and organic matter pyrolysis
The recovery of oil, and to the broken dissociation of waste and old lithium ion battery mechanization, and realize the classification of each component with sieving to be combined
Reclaim, the present invention is not related to chemicals, simple to operate in the absence of wastewater treatment, and farthest realizes waste and old lithium
The high efficiente callback of each component of ion battery.
More clearly to illustrate the architectural feature and effect of the present invention, come below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings with specific embodiment to this hair
It is bright to be described in detail:
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the handling process schematic diagram of the preferred embodiments of the invention.
Embodiment
It refer to shown in Fig. 1, that show a kind of waste and old lithium ion battery each component of the preferred embodiments of the invention is high
Effect dissociation and classified reclaiming method, include following steps:
(1) waste lithium cell discharge process:Waste and old lithium ion battery of abandoning is discharged, uncharged useless old lithium is obtained
Pond, is that subsequent treatment process lays the foundation;In the present embodiment, waste and old lithium ion battery is put into equipped with certain ion concentration
Discharge process is carried out in the electric discharge pond of solution.
(2) monoblock lithium battery pyrolysis processing:Waste lithium cell after electric discharge is subjected to overall pyrolysis, realize electrolyte, every
The decomposition removing of film, binding agent, and then the abundant dissociation of electrode material and electrode slice is realized, and further realized by condensation method
The recovery of organic pyrolysis liquids;In the present embodiment, it will be integrally put into after the lithium battery cleaning, drying after electric discharge in pyrolysis oven
It is pyrolyzed, makes electrolyte in lithium battery, barrier film, the decomposition of binding agent organic matter, realize between electrode material and electrode slice
Efficiently dissociation, and pyrolysis gas is condensed by condensing unit, further realizes the recovery of organic pyrolysis liquids.
(3) dissociation is crushed:Lithium battery after pyrolysis is put into disintegrating machine to be crushed, tearing up for battery case is realized, electricity
Crushing for pole piece and coming off for electrode material;In the present embodiment, the lithium battery after pyrolysis is put into shear crusher to enter
Row is broken, and metal shell is torn up, then will it is broken after material be put into impact crusher and realize between lithium battery each component
Mutually dissociation.
(4) screening process:Fine fraction is obtained by the method for screening according to difference of each component in lithium battery in granularity
Electrode material, middle grade electrode slice and big grade shell.In the present embodiment, after the product after crushing passes sequentially through elder generation greatly
Small vibratory sieve, according to difference of each component in lithium battery in granularity by the method for screening obtain fine fraction electrode material,
Middle grade electrode slice and big grade shell.
The present invention design focal point be:The present invention is using the method for pyrolysis to the height between waste and old lithium ion battery each component
Effect dissociation, and the oily recovery of organic matter pyrolysis, and to the broken dissociation of waste and old lithium ion battery mechanization, and be combined with screening
The classification for realizing each component is reclaimed, and the present invention is not related to chemicals, simple to operate in the absence of wastewater treatment, and maximum
The high efficiente callback of each component for realizing waste and old lithium ion battery of degree.
The technical principle of the present invention is described above in association with specific embodiment.These descriptions are intended merely to explain the present invention's
Principle, and limiting the scope of the invention can not be construed in any way.Based on explanation herein, the technology of this area
Personnel, which would not require any inventive effort, can associate other embodiments of the present invention, and these modes are fallen within
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of waste and old lithium ion battery each component is efficiently dissociated and classified reclaiming method, it is characterised in that:Include following step
Suddenly:
(1) waste lithium cell discharge process:Waste and old lithium ion battery of abandoning is discharged, uncharged waste lithium cell is obtained,
Laid the foundation for subsequent treatment process;
(2) monoblock lithium battery pyrolysis processing:Waste lithium cell after electric discharge is subjected to overall pyrolysis, electrolyte, barrier film is realized, glues
The decomposition removing of agent is tied, and then the abundant dissociation of electrode material and electrode slice is realized, and is further realized by condensation method organic
The recovery of pyrolysis liquids;
(3) dissociation is crushed:Lithium battery after pyrolysis is put into disintegrating machine to be crushed, tearing up for battery case, electrode slice is realized
Broken and electrode material come off;
(4) screening process:Fine fraction electrode is obtained by the method for screening according to difference of each component in lithium battery in granularity
Material, middle grade electrode slice and big grade shell.
2. a kind of waste and old lithium ion battery each component as claimed in claim 1 is efficiently dissociated and classified reclaiming method, its feature
It is:Waste and old lithium ion battery is put into the electric discharge pond equipped with certain ion concentration solution in the step (1) and put
Electric treatment.
3. a kind of waste and old lithium ion battery each component as claimed in claim 1 is efficiently dissociated and classified reclaiming method, its feature
It is:It will integrally be put into pyrolysis oven and be pyrolyzed after the lithium battery cleaning, drying after electric discharge in the step (2), make lithium electricity
Electrolyte, barrier film, the decomposition of binding agent organic matter in pond, realize the efficient dissociation between electrode material and electrode slice, and by heat
Solution gas is condensed by condensing unit, further realizes the recovery of organic pyrolysis liquids.
4. a kind of waste and old lithium ion battery each component as claimed in claim 1 is efficiently dissociated and classified reclaiming method, its feature
It is:The lithium battery after pyrolysis is put into shear crusher in the step (3) to be crushed, metal shell is torn up, then
Will it is broken after material be put into impact crusher and realize mutual dissociation between lithium battery each component.
5. a kind of waste and old lithium ion battery each component as claimed in claim 1 is efficiently dissociated and classified reclaiming method, its feature
It is:Product after will be broken in the step (4) passes sequentially through first big after small vibratory sieve, is existed according to each component in lithium battery
Difference in granularity obtains fine fraction electrode material, middle grade electrode slice and big grade shell by the method for screening.
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Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107946686A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-04-20 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | Waste lithium ion battery recovery method |
CN108011146A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-05-08 | 四川长虹电器股份有限公司 | Waste lithium cell renewable resources recovery method |
CN108110358A (en) * | 2017-12-16 | 2018-06-01 | 淄博国利新电源科技有限公司 | The recovery method of waste and old lithium ion battery binding agent |
CN108400400A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-08-14 | 中南大学 | A kind of reuse method of applying waste lithium ionic power battery |
CN108711651A (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-10-26 | 荆门市格林美新材料有限公司 | A kind of resource utilization of old and useless battery utilizes technique and system |
CN108927401A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-12-04 | 河南巨峰环保科技有限公司 | Recovery process is crushed after a kind of cracking of lithium battery anaerobic |
CN109132275A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2019-01-04 | 丁柳朋 | A kind of equipment of recycling used batteries convenient for discharge |
CN109719117A (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2019-05-07 | 沈阳化工研究院有限公司 | A kind of method that recovery processing waste lithium cell is pyrolyzed in the process |
CN109888370A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-06-14 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Waste and old lithium ion battery method for pyrolysis and system |
CN109994793A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-09 | 山东锂想新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of separation method of lithium battery collector |
CN110071342A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-07-30 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Waste and old lithium ion battery recovery method and device |
CN110534834A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-12-03 | 新中天环保股份有限公司 | The recovery method of electrolyte in a kind of waste and old lithium ion battery |
CN112246835A (en) * | 2020-10-04 | 2021-01-22 | 湖南金源新材料股份有限公司 | Method for disassembling and separating waste lithium ion batteries |
CN112974465A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-06-18 | 北京博萃循环科技有限公司 | Harmless recovery treatment method for waste lithium ion battery |
CN113857212A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2021-12-31 | 惠州市恒创睿能环保科技有限公司 | Method for separating waste lithium battery electrode material |
CN114094224A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-02-25 | 河北顺境环保科技有限公司 | High-efficiency treatment method for high-voltage waste lithium battery |
CN115846354A (en) * | 2023-02-16 | 2023-03-28 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所(生态环境部生态环境应急研究所) | Lithium ion battery recycling device and recycling method thereof |
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CN102251118A (en) * | 2011-06-25 | 2011-11-23 | 鞍山鑫普新材料有限公司 | Method for recycling metals from waste nickel-hydrogen batteries |
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Cited By (23)
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CN107946686A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-04-20 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | Waste lithium ion battery recovery method |
CN108011146B (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2021-04-23 | 四川长虹电器股份有限公司 | Recycling method of waste lithium battery |
CN108011146A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-05-08 | 四川长虹电器股份有限公司 | Waste lithium cell renewable resources recovery method |
CN108110358A (en) * | 2017-12-16 | 2018-06-01 | 淄博国利新电源科技有限公司 | The recovery method of waste and old lithium ion battery binding agent |
CN109994793A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-09 | 山东锂想新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of separation method of lithium battery collector |
CN108400400A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-08-14 | 中南大学 | A kind of reuse method of applying waste lithium ionic power battery |
CN108711651A (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-10-26 | 荆门市格林美新材料有限公司 | A kind of resource utilization of old and useless battery utilizes technique and system |
CN108711651B (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2023-11-28 | 荆门动力电池再生技术有限公司 | Recycling recycling process and system for waste batteries |
CN108927401A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-12-04 | 河南巨峰环保科技有限公司 | Recovery process is crushed after a kind of cracking of lithium battery anaerobic |
CN108927401B (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2022-08-19 | 河南巨峰环保科技有限公司 | Crushing and recycling process after anaerobic cracking of lithium battery |
CN109132275B (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2021-07-16 | 丁柳朋 | Waste battery recovery equipment convenient for discharging |
CN109132275A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2019-01-04 | 丁柳朋 | A kind of equipment of recycling used batteries convenient for discharge |
CN109719117B (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2021-10-01 | 沈阳化工研究院有限公司 | Pyrolysis method in process of recycling waste lithium batteries |
CN109719117A (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2019-05-07 | 沈阳化工研究院有限公司 | A kind of method that recovery processing waste lithium cell is pyrolyzed in the process |
CN110071342A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-07-30 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Waste and old lithium ion battery recovery method and device |
CN109888370A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-06-14 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Waste and old lithium ion battery method for pyrolysis and system |
CN110534834A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-12-03 | 新中天环保股份有限公司 | The recovery method of electrolyte in a kind of waste and old lithium ion battery |
CN112246835A (en) * | 2020-10-04 | 2021-01-22 | 湖南金源新材料股份有限公司 | Method for disassembling and separating waste lithium ion batteries |
CN112974465A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-06-18 | 北京博萃循环科技有限公司 | Harmless recovery treatment method for waste lithium ion battery |
CN113857212A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2021-12-31 | 惠州市恒创睿能环保科技有限公司 | Method for separating waste lithium battery electrode material |
CN114094224A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-02-25 | 河北顺境环保科技有限公司 | High-efficiency treatment method for high-voltage waste lithium battery |
CN115846354A (en) * | 2023-02-16 | 2023-03-28 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所(生态环境部生态环境应急研究所) | Lithium ion battery recycling device and recycling method thereof |
CN115846354B (en) * | 2023-02-16 | 2023-04-28 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所(生态环境部生态环境应急研究所) | Lithium ion battery recycling device and recycling method thereof |
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