CN108711651A - A kind of resource utilization of old and useless battery utilizes technique and system - Google Patents
A kind of resource utilization of old and useless battery utilizes technique and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108711651A CN108711651A CN201810501687.5A CN201810501687A CN108711651A CN 108711651 A CN108711651 A CN 108711651A CN 201810501687 A CN201810501687 A CN 201810501687A CN 108711651 A CN108711651 A CN 108711651A
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- battery core
- old
- battery
- pole piece
- positive
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 208000028659 discharge Diseases 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005213 imbibition Methods 0.000 description 3
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002097 Lithium manganese(III,IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018095 Ni-MH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018477 Ni—MH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- HFCVPDYCRZVZDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li+].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O Chemical compound [Li+].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O HFCVPDYCRZVZDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn].[Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Mn].[Co].[Ni] KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003738 black carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940021013 electrolyte solution Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- WJZHMLNIAZSFDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese zinc Chemical compound [Mn].[Zn] WJZHMLNIAZSFDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical group [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005486 organic electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 sulphur Acid Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of resource utilization of old and useless battery and utilizes technique, includes the following steps：It carries out any one of the lithium battery electric core waste material handled by waste lithium cell battery core, the positive/negative plate waste material handled by waste and old positive/negative plate or scrap dry battery to be crushed and wash vibrosieve several times, obtain the oversize-slurry of pole piece metal mixture and screenings-containing positive and negative anodes active material, screenings progress press filtration is obtained into wet-milling, it is sorted after oversize is dried, obtains metal recovery material.Technical solution using the present invention can at least realize waste lithium cell, recycle pole piece or scrap efficiently separating for metal and positive and negative anodes active material in pole piece and dry cell, relative to existing battery recycling treatment technology, the cost recovery of enterprise can be significantly decreased, and improves organic efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power batteries to be recycled technical field, it particularly relates to a kind of recycling of old and useless battery
Recycle technique and corresponding device systems.
Background technology
Contain the electrolyte solutions such as a large amount of heavy metal and spent acid, salkali waste in old and useless battery, it, can be right if arbitrarily abandoned
Soil, water source etc. cause serious injury.The recycling of old and useless battery, one can prevent from polluting, and two can be to it
In useful ingredient recycled, economize on resources.
There are many type of old and useless battery, such as lithium ion battery, dry cell, Ni-MH battery, different types of battery its
Internal structure is different, and the material for constituting battery also differs, for example, lithium ion battery generally comprise shell, anode, cathode, every
Film, organic electrolyte, wherein positive electrode include cathode metal piece and are attached to the active material of cathode metal on piece, the activity
Substance is generally LiMn2O4, cobalt acid lithium or nickel-cobalt lithium manganate material；Negative material includes negative metal piece and is attached to cathode
Negative electrode active material on sheet metal, the negative electrode active material are generally the carbon of graphite or approximate graphite-structure.Dry cell is general
Including sheathing material, positive electrode, negative material and electrolyte, wherein positive electrode is manganese, graphite rod etc..Negative material is zinc
Piece etc..For different types of old and useless battery, first categorised collection is usually used, then the mode that is handled of classifying is returned
It receives and utilizes.
Chinese patent CN201310001960.5, which discloses one kind comprehensive resource recycling from waste lithium ion, to be had
The method of valence metal, first to waste lithium ion discharge, it is broken to air-dry, and is then obtained containing outside metal by gravity separation
The battery core of shell.Crushing-magnetic selection sub-argument is carried out to battery core and goes out box hat fragment, and remaining battery core powder is sieved, is obtained on sieve
Object：Metal fragment, plastics, diaphragm and screenings：Positive and negative pole material, collector etc..Gravity treatment is carried out to oversize and recycles diaphragm
Material, then vortex sorting recycling copper and aluminium are carried out, it is sieved after screenings cleaning, collects a part of aluminium again, screenings uses sulphur
Acid and hydrogen peroxide leach and the mode of selective absorption, detaches graphite raw material and lithium and nickel cobalt manganese.
Chinese patent CN201110357507.9 discloses a kind of method of zinc-manganese scrap dry battery industrialization recycling, including
(1) battery level-one is torn up tears up with two level；(2) it dries, screen, recovery section black carbon powder, magnetic separation recovery ferrous metal；
(3) battery crushing fragment three-level is broken；(4) the remaining black powder of screening recycling, the metal powders such as selection by winnowing separating plastic and zinc.
For being engaged in the enterprise of old and useless battery recovery processing, it is different types of waste and old to handle that a plurality of recovery processing line is set
Battery needs to put into the production costs such as more place, equipment, manpower, limits the development of old and useless battery recycling industry.
Invention content
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in provide a kind of resource for the old and useless battery that can use multiple product
Enterprise's input cost can also be reduced while ensureing organic efficiency by changing recycling technique and device systems.
Technical scheme of the present invention can be realized by following technical measures：
A kind of resource utilization of old and useless battery utilizes technique, includes the following steps：
It is handled just by the lithium battery electric core waste material handled by waste lithium cell battery core, by waste and old positive/negative plate
Any one of cathode sheet waste material or scrap dry battery carry out being crushed and washing vibrosieve several times, obtain oversize-pole piece
Screenings progress press filtration is obtained wet-milling, by oversize by the slurry of metal mixture and screenings-containing positive and negative anodes active material
It is sorted after drying, obtains metal recovery material；Wherein：
Include by the process that the processing of waste lithium cell battery core is lithium battery electric core waste material：
Battery core is discharged, and waste lithium cell battery core is placed in 10~12h of immersion in saline solution, to be substantially discharged；
Battery core Jing Guo discharge treatment is cleaned using clear water, removes brine, then dry by battery core cleaning, drying；
Battery core is broken to cut, and will be splitted by the shell for the battery core being cleaned and dried；
Battery core is pyrolyzed, and so that organic matter inside battery core is decomposed to carrying out high-temperature process by the broken battery core cut, is obtained lithium battery
Battery core waste material；
Include by the process that waste and old positive/negative plate processing is positive/negative plate waste material：
Pole piece is sheared, and waste and old positive/negative plate is realized preliminary be crushed by shearing；
Pole piece is pyrolyzed, and will be carried out high temperature pyrolysis processing through tentatively broken positive/negative plate, is decomposed the organic matter on pole piece material.
Preferably, it is described it is broken include at least two-stage series connection shattering process, until afterbody it is broken obtain diameter 1~
The broken material of 2cm；It is described broken broken including at least a wet type.
Preferably, the washing vibrosieve includes the washing vibrosieve of at least two-step serial.
Preferably, the battery core is broken cut during, each partial application up and down along longitudinal direction by battery core.
Preferably, the temperature of the pyrolysis is 500~600 DEG C, and the time of pyrolysis is 3~4 hours.
Preferably, after oversize pole piece metal mixture being dried, before being sorted, by its screening process, again
Recycle a part of positive and negative anodes active material powder.
A kind of resource reclaiming system of old and useless battery, including material transferring is carried out successively：
Battery core feeding device,
For carry out battery core electric discharge electric discharge device,
For clean the battery core being discharged cleaning device,
The first drying unit for being dried to the battery core after cleaning,
Broken cutting apparatus for being cut to the battery core after drying,
For to raw material carry out high-temperature process with remove organic matter pyrolysis installation,
For carrying out broken and washing screening to the raw material after pyrolysis to detach positive and negative anodes powder and pole piece metal mixture
Pulverizing-screening system,
For screenings slurry obtained by washing screening is carried out press filtration filter-pressing device,
For carrying out the second drying unit of drying and processing to oversize pole piece metal mixture obtained by washing screening, being used for
To the vibrating screen that the pole piece metal mixture after drying is sieved, and
The metal sorting unit sorted for the oversize pole piece metal mixture to vibrating screen；
The arrival end of the pyrolysis installation is also associated with for carrying out tentatively broken pole piece shearing machine, institute to waste pole piece
It states pole piece shearing machine and is connected with electrode piece loading device；The arrival end of the pulverizing-screening system is also associated with dry cell feeding dress
It sets.
Preferably, the arrival end of the pulverizing-screening system and outlet end are respectively breaker and washing screening device,
And the pulverizing-screening system includes at least two-stage breaker and at least two-stage washing screening device.
Preferably, the outlet end of first drying unit is connected with the first receiving hopper, the outlet of first receiving hopper
End is connect with the arrival end of the broken cutting apparatus by loading and unloading robot.
Preferably, there are two the opposite cutter of the edge of a knife, the edge of a knife and electricity for the discharge outlet setting of the broken cutting apparatus
The direction of motion of core is parallel.
Preferably, the screenings outlet connection slurry temporary tank of the pulverizing-screening system, and the slurry temporary tank is logical
It crosses imbibition pipeline and is connected with filter-pressing device.
Preferably, the electric discharge device includes discharge groove and the battery core transmission rail moved in the discharge groove, described
The arrival end of battery core transmission rail connects the battery core feeding device, and outlet end connects the cleaning device.
Preferably, be connected between the outlet end of the pulverizing-screening system and metal sorting unit the second drying unit and
Vibrating screen.
Preferably, the sorting unit includes concentration equipment and the eddy current separator that is connected with the concentration equipment, institute
The magnetic material outlet connection iron charge storage device of concentration equipment is stated, eddy current separator connects copper material and aluminium material storage device.
Preferably, the pulverizing-screening system includes the first breaker, the second breaker, third breaker, the
Four breakers, the first washing vibrating screen and the second washing vibrating screen.The arrival end connection pyrolysis dress of first breaker
The arrival end of the outlet end set, the 4th breaker connects dry cell feeding device, the sieve of the second washing vibrating screen
Upper object outlet end connects the second drying unit, and screenings outlet end connects filter-pressing device.
Preferably, when the third breaker is wet type breaker, the connection type of the pulverizing-screening system
For from front to back：First breaker, the second breaker, the first washing vibrating screen, third breaker, the second washing vibration
Sieve, while the 4th breaker connection the first washing vibrating screen.
Preferably, when the three-level is broken is dry-type pulverizing, the connection type of the pulverizing-screening system is in the past
Backward：First breaker, the second breaker, third breaker, the first washing vibrating screen, the second washing vibrating screen, together
When the 4th breaker connect third breaker.
Preferably, it is water that the multistage wet type, which is crushed with solvent used by washing screening,.
The present invention proposes a kind of safety and environmental protection, while can meet multiple types by simply switching by process optimization
Old and useless battery material recovery processing equipment and technique, technical solution using the present invention can at least realize waste lithium cell,
Recycling pole piece scraps efficiently separating for metal and positive and negative anodes active material in pole piece and dry cell, relative to existing battery
Recovery processing technology can significantly decrease the cost recovery of enterprise, and improve organic efficiency.
Description of the drawings
Using attached drawing, the invention will be further described, but the embodiment in attached drawing does not constitute any limit to the present invention
System.
Fig. 1 is that the resource utilization of old and useless battery of the present invention utilizes the process route chart of technique；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the resource reclaiming system of old and useless battery of the present invention.
Attached drawing in figure is labeled as：
001, battery core feeding device；002, electric discharge device；003, cleaning device；004, the first drying unit；005, it is broken to cut
Device；006, pyrolysis installation；007, filter-pressing device；008, the second drying unit；009, vibrating screen；010, the first breaker；
011, the second breaker；012, the first receiving hopper；013, slurry temporary tank；014, third breaker；015, the 4th is broken
Device；016, the first washing vibrating screen；017, the second washing vibrating screen；018, dry cell feeding device；019, concentration equipment；
020, eddy current separator；021, cutter；022, loading and unloading robot；023, pole piece shearing machine；024, electrode piece loading device；
025, material transmitting device；026, imbibition pipeline；027, iron charge storage device；028, aluminium material storage device；029, the storage of copper material
Device.
Specific implementation mode
To keep the present invention easier to understand, specific embodiments of the present invention are further illustrated below.
Resource utilization equipment of the present invention includes：
Battery core feeding device 001,
For carry out battery core electric discharge electric discharge device 002,
For clean the battery core being discharged cleaning device 003,
The first drying unit 004 for being dried to the battery core after cleaning,
Broken cutting apparatus 005 for being cut to the battery core after drying,
For to raw material carry out high-temperature process with remove organic matter pyrolysis installation 006,
It is mixed to detach positive and negative anodes active material and pole piece metal for carrying out broken and washing screening to the raw material after pyrolysis
The pulverizing-screening system of conjunction object,
For screenings slurry obtained by washing screening is carried out press filtration filter-pressing device 007,
For oversize pole piece metal mixture obtained by washing screening is carried out drying and processing the second drying unit 008,
Vibrating screen 009 for being sieved to the pole piece metal mixture after drying, and
The metal sorting unit sorted for the oversize pole piece metal mixture to vibrating screen 009；
The arrival end of the pyrolysis installation 006 is connected with for carrying out tentatively broken pole piece shearing machine to waste pole piece
023, the pole piece shearing machine 023 is connected with electrode piece loading device 024；
The pulverizing-screening system include the first breaker 010, the second breaker 011, third breaker 014,
4th breaker 015, first washes vibrating screen 016 and second and washes vibrating screen 017, and first breaker 010 enters
The outlet end of mouth end connection pyrolysis installation 006, the arrival end connection dry cell feeding device 018 of the 4th breaker 015,
The oversize outlet end of the second washing vibrating screen 017 connects the second drying unit 008, and screenings outlet end connects press filtration dress
Set to 0 07.
When the third breaker 014 is wet type breaker, the connection type of the pulverizing-screening system be from
After going to：First breaker 010, the second breaker 011, first washing vibrating screen 016, third breaker 014, second
Wash vibrating screen 017, while the 4th breaker 015 connection the first washing vibrating screen 016；It is dry type when the three-level is broken
When broken, the connection type of the pulverizing-screening system is from front to back：First breaker 010, the second breaker 011,
Third breaker 014, first washes vibrating screen 016, second and washes vibrating screen 017, while the 4th breaker 015 connection the
Three breakers 014.
The sorting unit includes the concentration equipment 019 for detaching iron and the eddy current separation for detaching non-ferrous metal
Machine 020.
Embodiment 1
The resource utilization of lithium battery electric core is carried out using above equipment：
The battery core that power battery is disassembled is sent by battery core feeding device 001 in the saline slot of electric discharge device 002,
It impregnates 10 hours, to be substantially discharged.Battery core Jing Guo discharge treatment is passed sequentially through into cleaning device 003 and drying unit, to remove
The brine for going battery core to carry secretly, and dry.Battery core by cleaning-drying is sent to the first receiving hopper 012 by material transmitting device 025,
And be sent by loading and unloading robot 022 and break cutting apparatus 005, it is opposite that the exit of broken cutting apparatus 005 is provided with two edges of a knife up and down
Cutter 021, when battery core in axial direction by the outlet when, battery core each partial application along longitudinal direction is made battery core by the upper and lower edge of a knife
Shell split, internal diaphragm exposure.It will be sent into pyrolysis installation 006,006 inside band overturning of pyrolysis installation by the broken battery core cut
Mechanism, and 500~600 DEG C of high temperature are kept, so that battery is heated evenly, high-temperature process makes battery core internal diaphragm and organic binder
Deng decomposition, obtain including metal pole piece and the lithium battery electric core waste material of positive and negative anodes inorganic active materia.By gained lithium battery electric core
Waste material is crushed and is sieved by pulverizing-screening system, and the pulverizing-screening system includes the first breaker being sequentially connected in series
010, the second breaker of wet type 011, first washes vibrating screen 016, the washing vibration of wet type third breaker 014 and second
Sieve 017, wet type third breaker 014 finally obtain the pole piece metal mixture of diameter about 1~2cm and comprising positive and negative anodes activity
The slurry of substance, the first washing vibrating screen 016 and second wash the screening gained screenings slurry of vibrating screen 017 and are stored in slurry
In temporary tank 013, the slurry in two slurry temporary tanks 013 is sent to filter-pressing device 007 by imbibition pipeline 026, and press filtration is filtered
Cake is readily transported storage to be further recycled.Second washing 017 oversize pole piece metal mixture of vibrating screen warp
Second drying unit 008 is dried, then recycles the positive and negative anodes powder that a part is not kept completely separate again by dry type vibratory sieve 009,
The more complete pole piece metal mixture of separation is finally obtained, the pole piece metal mixture passes sequentially through 019 He of concentration equipment
Eddy current separator 020, magnetic separation isolate iron charge and are sent to iron charge storage device 027, eddy current separation via material transmitting device
The aluminium material and copper material that operation obtains are stored respectively in aluminium material storage device 028 and copper material storage device 029.
Embodiment 2
The resource utilization of positive/negative plate is carried out using above equipment：
Waste and old positive/negative plate etc. is scrapped etc. in dismantling recycling or production process since volume is larger, first passes through pole piece shearing
Machine 023 is tentatively crushed, and on the one hand shear action makes the pole piece of bulk reduce volume, on the other hand also make to be mingled in pole piece
Positive and negative anodes active material obtains preliminary separation, and the pole piece waste material after shearing is sent into pyrolysis installation 006, then by electric with lithium
The same process conditions of pond battery core resource utilization and equipment, isolated positive and negative anodes active material filter cake and metal recovery material.
Embodiment 3
The resource utilization of dry cell is carried out using above equipment：
Scrap dry battery is sent to the 4th breaker 015, the 4th breaker 015 by dry cell feeding device 018
By the connection of material transmitting device 025 first washing vibrating screen 016, and returned according to same lithium battery electric core and positive/negative plate recycling
The technique and condition of receipts carry out next recovery processing, finally obtain positive and negative anodes active material wet-milling and metal recovery material.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention rather than is protected to the present invention
The limitation of range is protected, although being explained in detail to the present invention with reference to preferred embodiment, those skilled in the art should
Understand, technical scheme of the present invention can be modified or replaced equivalently, without departing from the essence of technical solution of the present invention
And range.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of resource utilization of old and useless battery utilizes technique, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
By the lithium battery electric core waste material handled by waste lithium cell battery core, the positive and negative anodes handled by waste and old positive/negative plate
Any one of sheet waste material or scrap dry battery carry out being crushed and washing vibrosieve several times, obtain oversize-pole piece metal
Screenings progress press filtration is obtained wet-milling, oversize is dried by the slurry of mixture and screenings-containing positive and negative anodes active material
After sorted, obtain metal recovery material；Wherein,
Include by the process that the processing of waste lithium cell battery core is lithium battery electric core waste material：
Battery core is discharged, and waste lithium cell battery core is placed in 10~12h of immersion in saline solution, to be substantially discharged；
Battery core Jing Guo discharge treatment is cleaned using clear water, removes brine, then dry by battery core cleaning, drying；
Battery core is broken to cut, and will be splitted by the shell for the battery core being cleaned and dried；
Battery core is pyrolyzed, and so that organic matter inside battery core is decomposed to carrying out high-temperature process by the broken battery core cut, is obtained lithium battery electric core
Waste material；
Include by the process that waste and old positive/negative plate processing is positive/negative plate waste material：
Pole piece is sheared, and waste and old positive/negative plate is realized preliminary be crushed by shearing；
Pole piece is pyrolyzed, and will be carried out high temperature pyrolysis processing through tentatively broken positive/negative plate, is decomposed the organic matter on pole piece material.
2. the resource utilization of old and useless battery according to claim 1 utilizes technique, which is characterized in that described broken to include
At least two-stage shattering process, until afterbody is broken to obtain the broken material of 1~2cm of diameter.
3. the resource utilization of old and useless battery according to claim 2 utilizes technique, which is characterized in that the shattering process
It is broken including at least a wet type.
4. the resource utilization of old and useless battery according to claim 1 utilizes technique, which is characterized in that the washing vibration
Screening includes that at least two-stage washes vibrosieve.
5. the resource utilization of old and useless battery according to claim 1 utilizes technique, which is characterized in that the battery core is broken to cut
In the process, each partial application up and down along longitudinal direction by battery core.
6. the recovery process of old and useless battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the battery core pyrolysis or pole piece heat
The temperature of solution is 500~600 DEG C, and the time of pyrolysis is 3~4 hours.
7. the resource utilization of old and useless battery according to claim 1 utilizes technique, which is characterized in that by oversize pole piece
After metal mixture drying, before being sorted, by its screening process, a part of positive and negative anodes active material powder is recycled again
Material.
8. a kind of resource reclaiming system of old and useless battery, which is characterized in that including carrying out material transferring successively：
Battery core feeding device,
For carry out battery core electric discharge electric discharge device,
For clean the battery core being discharged cleaning device,
The first drying unit for being dried to the battery core after cleaning,
Broken cutting apparatus for being cut to the battery core after drying,
For to raw material carry out high-temperature process with remove organic matter pyrolysis installation,
For carrying out broken and washing screening to the raw material after pyrolysis to detach positive and negative anodes active material and pole piece metal mixture
Pulverizing-screening system,
For screenings slurry obtained by washing screening is carried out press filtration filter-pressing device,
For oversize pole piece metal mixture obtained by washing screening is carried out drying and processing the second drying unit,
Vibrating screen for being sieved to the pole piece metal mixture after drying, and
The metal sorting unit sorted for the oversize pole piece metal mixture to vibrating screen；
The arrival end of the pyrolysis installation is also associated with for carrying out tentatively broken pole piece shearing machine, the pole to waste pole piece
Piece cutter is connected with electrode piece loading device；The arrival end of the pulverizing-screening system is also associated with dry cell feeding device.
9. the resource reclaiming system of old and useless battery according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the crushing and screening
The arrival end of system and outlet end are respectively breaker and washing screening device, and the pulverizing-screening system includes at least two
Grade breaker and at least two-stage washing screening device.
10. the resource reclaiming system of old and useless battery according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the sorting dress
It sets including the concentration equipment for detaching iron and the eddy current separator for detaching copper and aluminium.
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| WO2024031790A1 (en) * | 2022-08-08 | 2024-02-15 | 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 | Method for treatment of waste lithium battery positive electrode sheet and application |
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