CN107946686A - A kind of waste and old lithium ion battery recovery method - Google Patents
A kind of waste and old lithium ion battery recovery method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107946686A CN107946686A CN201711096619.7A CN201711096619A CN107946686A CN 107946686 A CN107946686 A CN 107946686A CN 201711096619 A CN201711096619 A CN 201711096619A CN 107946686 A CN107946686 A CN 107946686A
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- Prior art keywords
- waste
- lithium ion
- ion battery
- old lithium
- metal particles
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of waste and old lithium ion battery recovery method, by disassembling, dry, crush, sub-sieve, color sorting, it can finally recycle and obtain from waste and old lithium ion battery：Battery container, electrode powder, membrane fragment, electrolyte, copper metal particle and aluminium gold metal particles.Energy consumption of the present invention is low, low for equipment requirements, and generation exhausted air quantity is few and easily collecting is handled, and is adapted to industrialization operation, the valuable resource in old and useless battery can be recycled respectively, you can realize the recycling of full constituent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to lithium battery recovery technology field, more particularly to a kind of waste and old lithium ion battery recovery method.
Background technology
With the popularization of new-energy automobile, the sales volume of lithium ion battery is also being continuously increased, but lithium ion battery uses
Service life general 5-8, thus future have a large amount of waste and old lithium ion batteries and occur.Although not mercurous in lithium ion battery, lead etc.
Larger heavy metal element is poisoned, but lithium ion battery has been set to dangerous give up by each country as waste electrical and electronic equipment
Product.If dealt with improperly, it can cause serial injury to environment and human health.Further, since anode material for lithium-ion batteries
Mostly transition metal oxide, such as LiFePO4, LiCoO2, Li [NixCo1-2xMnx] O2, wherein containing valuable and rare gold
Belong to such as cobalt, nickel, lithium etc.；Also electrodes of lithium-ion batteries collector such as copper, aluminium foil resource etc..Therefore, to applying waste lithium ionic
Battery carries out harmless treatment and metal therein progress recycling is recycled significant.
At present, recycling waste and old lithium ion battery mainly has following methods：Pyrometallurgical method, i.e., directly broken using high-temperature process
Shell in addition to metal, obtains metallic compound, this process is simpler, but high energy consumption, produces using the methods of flotation, precipitation afterwards
Large quantity of exhaust gas；Bioleaching method, i.e., provide advantage (as soaked using the biological chemistry action of bacterium for the leaching of valuable metal
Take agent and oxidant) leaching process, there is low cost, few industrial requirement, environmentally friendly, but the method
Spend the time longer, the more difficult culture of bacterium；Mechanical phonograph recorder separation, directly crushes battery, then carries out sorting process, have
Efficient, the low advantage of energy consumption, but since old and useless battery complicated component, its subsequent processes are more complicated.
The content of the invention
Based on technical problem existing for background technology, the present invention proposes a kind of waste and old lithium ion battery recovery method.
A kind of waste and old lithium ion battery recovery method proposed by the present invention, comprises the following steps：
S1, disassembled waste and old lithium ion battery in an inert atmosphere, obtains battery container and inner core；
Inner core, is dried processing by S2 in subnormal ambient, obtains the drying inner core for removing electrolyte, electrolyte is through cold
Unified recycling after solidifying；
S3, crushed dry inner core, and crushed material is sorted, and obtains copper aluminium mixed metal particles, also has electricity
Pole powder and membrane chips mixture；
S4, sieved powder and membrane mixture, respectively obtains electrode powder and membrane fragment；
S5, by copper aluminium mixed metal particles carried out screening according to particle size, and the copper aluminium for obtaining different-grain diameter scope mixes
Alloy metal particles；
S6, the copper aluminium mixed metal particles to different-grain diameter scope carry out color sorting respectively, obtain the copper of different-grain diameter scope
Metallic particles and aluminium gold metal particles.
Preferably, in step S1, inert gas is the argon gas either mixed gas of nitrogen or argon gas and nitrogen.
Preferably, in step S2, the pressure in subnormal ambient is -100Pa~-150Pa.
Preferably, in step S2, the drying temperature of inner core is 100~150 DEG C.
Preferably, in step S4, powder and membrane mixture are sieved using 100~150 mesh sieve nets.
Preferably, in step S5, copper aluminium mixed metal particles are carried out according to particle size using the sieve of multistage sieve mesh
Cross screening.
Preferably, the sieve of multistage sieve mesh is respectively 5 mesh sieve nets, 10 mesh sieve nets and 20 mesh sieve nets.
A kind of waste and old lithium ion battery recovery method proposed by the present invention, first in an inert atmosphere carries out battery
Disassemble, can prevent battery from reacting during disassembling to cause danger.Then, the electrolysis in inner core is removed by drying process
Liquid is laid a good foundation with obtaining dry inner core for the decomposition of follow-up inner core.
A kind of waste and old lithium ion battery recovery method proposed by the present invention, by disassembling, drying, crushing, sub-sieve, color sorting etc.
Step, can finally recycle from waste and old lithium ion battery and obtain：Battery container, electrode powder, membrane fragment, electrolyte, copper gold
Metal particles and aluminium gold metal particles.
Energy consumption of the present invention is low, low for equipment requirements, and generation exhausted air quantity is few and easily collecting is handled, and is adapted to industrialization operation, energy
Valuable resource in old and useless battery is recycled respectively, you can realize the recycling of full constituent.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of waste and old lithium ion battery recovery method flow chart proposed by the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of waste and old lithium ion battery recovery method process schematic diagram proposed by the present invention.
Embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, a kind of waste and old lithium ion battery recovery method proposed by the present invention, comprises the following steps.
S1, disassembled waste and old lithium ion battery in an inert atmosphere, obtains battery container and inner core.Indifferent gas
Body is the argon gas either mixed gas of nitrogen or argon gas and nitrogen.Inert gas can prevent battery from occurring during disassembling instead
It should cause danger.Inner core, is dried processing by S2 in subnormal ambient, obtains the drying inner core for removing electrolyte, and by electricity
Solve the condensed rear unified recycling of liquid.In this step, the electrolyte in inner core is removed to obtain dry inner core by dry, is follow-up
The decomposition of inner core is laid a good foundation.In subnormal ambient, electrolyte evaporation rate is fast, is conducive to improve drying efficiency, and be conducive to
Dry required temperature is reduced, so as to avoid electrolyte from reacting at high temperature.
In this step, the pressure in subnormal ambient is -100Pa~-150Pa, and the drying temperature of inner core is 100~150 DEG C.
S3, crushed dry inner core, and crushed material is sorted, and obtains copper aluminium mixed metal particles, also has electricity
Pole powder and membrane chips mixture.
S4, sieved powder and membrane mixture, respectively obtains electrode powder and membrane fragment.In this step, lead to
The particle diameter difference of electrode powder and membrane fragment is crossed, can be sieved powder and membrane mixture using 100~150 mesh sieve nets
Point.
S5, by copper aluminium mixed metal particles carried out screening according to particle size, and the copper aluminium for obtaining different-grain diameter scope mixes
Alloy metal particles.In this step, copper aluminium mixed metal particles are sieved according to particle size using the sieve of multistage sieve mesh
Point, 5 mesh sieve nets specifically can be successively used, 10 mesh sieve nets and 20 mesh sieve nets sieve copper aluminium mixed metal particles, obtain 4 kinds
The copper aluminium mixed metal particles of different-grain diameter scope.
S6, the copper aluminium mixed metal particles to different-grain diameter scope carry out color sorting respectively, obtain the copper of different-grain diameter scope
Metallic particles and aluminium gold metal particles, realize the separation of copper aluminium mixed metal particles.
In this way, by the present invention, it can recycle and obtain from waste and old lithium ion battery：Battery container, electrode powder, membrane are broken
Piece, electrolyte, copper metal particle and aluminium gold metal particles.
Above method is further elaborated below in conjunction with specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
First waste and old phosphoric acid iron cell (575g) is disassembled under inert atmosphere argon gas or nitrogen, obtains housing 84.2g
With inner core 490.8g；Processing is dried in obtained inner core under the conditions of negative pressure -100Pa, 130 DEG C, removes the electricity in inner core
Liquid is solved, condensed recycling obtains 116.7g electrolyte；The inner core 374.1g for removing electrolyte is subjected to crushing sorting, obtains copper aluminium
Mixed metal particles 86.4g, electrode powder and membrane chips mixture 287.7g；Then electrode powder and membrane fragment are mixed
Thing is sieved with 100 mesh sieve nets, obtains electrode powder 266.3g and membrane fragment 21.4g；Afterwards copper aluminium mixed metal particles
5 mesh screen fractionations are first used, reuse 10 mesh screen fractionations, 20 mesh sieve nets is reused and carried out sieve classification, obtain 4 kinds of different grains
Copper aluminium mixed metal particles difference 8.64g, 25.92g, 43.2g, 8.64g of footpath scope；By the copper of obtained different-grain diameter scope
Aluminium mixed metal particles carry out color sorting respectively, obtain the copper metal particle 55.4g and aluminium gold metal particles 31g of different-grain diameter scope,
So as to fulfill the separation of copper aluminium mixed metal particles.
Embodiment 2
First waste and old phosphoric acid iron cell (330g) is disassembled under inert atmosphere argon gas or nitrogen, obtain housing 45g with
Inner core 285g；Processing is dried in obtained inner core under the conditions of negative pressure -150Pa, 100 DEG C, removes the electrolyte in inner core,
Condensed recycling obtains 66.4g electrolyte；The inner core 218.6g for removing electrolyte is subjected to crushing sorting, obtains copper aluminium mixing gold
Metal particles 56.8g, electrode powder and membrane chips mixture 161.8g；Then electrode powder and membrane chips mixture are used
150 mesh sieve nets sieve, and obtain electrode powder 145.7g and membrane fragment 16.1g；Copper aluminium mixed metal particles are first made afterwards
With 5 mesh screen fractionations, 10 mesh screen fractionations are reused, 20 mesh sieve nets is reused and carried out sieve classification, obtain 4 kinds of different-grain diameter models
Copper aluminium mixed metal particles difference 5.68g, 17.04g, 28.4g, the 5.68g enclosed；The copper aluminium of obtained different-grain diameter scope is mixed
Alloy metal particles carry out color sorting respectively, obtain the copper metal particle 35.1g and aluminium gold metal particles 21.7g of different-grain diameter scope, from
And realize the separation of copper aluminium mixed metal particles.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention be not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art the invention discloses technical scope in, technique according to the invention scheme and its
Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of waste and old lithium ion battery recovery method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S1, disassembled waste and old lithium ion battery in an inert atmosphere, obtains battery container and inner core；
Inner core, is dried processing by S2 in subnormal ambient, the drying inner core for removing electrolyte is obtained, after electrolyte is condensed
Unified recycling；
S3, crushed dry inner core, and crushed material is sorted, and obtains copper aluminium mixed metal particles, also has electrode powder
Material and membrane chips mixture；
S4, sieved powder and membrane mixture, respectively obtains electrode powder and membrane fragment；
S5, by copper aluminium mixed metal particles carried out screening according to particle size, obtains the copper aluminium mixing gold of different-grain diameter scope
Metal particles；
S6, the copper aluminium mixed metal particles to different-grain diameter scope carry out color sorting respectively, obtain the copper metal of different-grain diameter scope
Particle and aluminium gold metal particles.
2. waste and old lithium ion battery recovery method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step S1, inert gas is
The argon gas either mixed gas of nitrogen or argon gas and nitrogen.
3. waste and old lithium ion battery recovery method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step S2, in subnormal ambient
Pressure be -100Pa~-150Pa.
4. waste and old lithium ion battery recovery method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step S2, the drying of inner core
Temperature is 100~150 DEG C.
5. waste and old lithium ion battery recovery method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step S4, using 100~
150 mesh sieve nets are sieved powder and membrane mixture.
6. waste and old lithium ion battery recovery method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step S5, sieved using multistage
Copper aluminium mixed metal particles were carried out screening by purpose sieve according to particle size.
7. waste and old lithium ion battery recovery method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the sieve of multistage sieve mesh is respectively
5 mesh sieve nets, 10 mesh sieve nets and 20 mesh sieve nets.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711096619.7A CN107946686A (en) | 2017-11-09 | 2017-11-09 | A kind of waste and old lithium ion battery recovery method |
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| CN201711096619.7A CN107946686A (en) | 2017-11-09 | 2017-11-09 | A kind of waste and old lithium ion battery recovery method |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109841916A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-06-04 | 湘潭大学 | A kind of method and device thereof of waste and old lithium ion battery vacuum dismantling |
| CN111668569A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-09-15 | 广西华政新能源科技有限公司 | Accurate lithium battery recovery method and device |
| CN112620314A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-09 | 北京博萃循环科技有限公司 | Method for disassembling and sorting waste lithium ion battery monomer |
| CN114243142A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-25 | 湖南江冶机电科技股份有限公司 | Method for fully recovering valuable components in waste lithium batteries |
| CN115084704A (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2022-09-20 | 湖南五创循环科技有限公司 | Method for separating and recovering valuable components of waste ternary batteries |
| CN115228893A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-10-25 | 太仓金马智能装备有限公司 | Waste battery disassembling and sorting system and sorting method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109841916A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-06-04 | 湘潭大学 | A kind of method and device thereof of waste and old lithium ion battery vacuum dismantling |
| CN111668569A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-09-15 | 广西华政新能源科技有限公司 | Accurate lithium battery recovery method and device |
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| CN114243142A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-25 | 湖南江冶机电科技股份有限公司 | Method for fully recovering valuable components in waste lithium batteries |
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| CN115228893A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-10-25 | 太仓金马智能装备有限公司 | Waste battery disassembling and sorting system and sorting method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20180420 |