CN106299530A - A kind of new-energy automobile power-type lithium ion battery disassemble classification recovery process method - Google Patents
A kind of new-energy automobile power-type lithium ion battery disassemble classification recovery process method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106299530A CN106299530A CN201610856613.4A CN201610856613A CN106299530A CN 106299530 A CN106299530 A CN 106299530A CN 201610856613 A CN201610856613 A CN 201610856613A CN 106299530 A CN106299530 A CN 106299530A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
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Abstract
The present invention provide a kind of new-energy automobile power-type lithium ion battery disassemble classification recovery process method, comprise the following steps: the shell of new-energy automobile power-type lithium ion battery is manually disassembled, take out cell；Cell is carried out residual capacity measurement, and the cell not being substantially discharged needs to be substantially discharged on charging/discharging apparatus；After cell complete for self discharge is dried, crush in putting into disintegrating machine；Dry after Po Sui, and evaporant is reclaimed；The further grinding and sieving of broken thing after drying, siftage is the mixture of positive and negative pole material and binding agent, and oversize is outer cover packaging thing and aluminium foil, Copper Foil, a small amount of positive and negative pole material mixture of cell；Oversize shaking table is carried out ore dressing classification, the outer cover packaging thing of cell can be separated.The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: by battery plus-negative plate material and the valuable metal taxonomic revision such as copper, aluminum the recovery achieving organic electrolyte.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to old and useless battery recovery technology field, especially relate to a kind of new-energy automobile power-type lithium ion
Battery disassemble classification recovery process method.
Background technology
Along with the continuous lifting of new forms of energy cell manufacturing techniques, new forms of energy battery enjoys people to close in productive life field
Note.New-energy automobiles in 2014 and electrical salf-walking automobile-used electrokinetic cell market have reached 12,000,000,000 yuan, and positive electrode cost accounts for
About the 25% of electrokinetic cell cost, the market share of the most about 3,000,000,000 yuan.2015, the new forms of energy vapour with electric bus as representative
Car has been realized in the growth of explosion type, and the application amount of new-energy automobile field electrokinetic cell is increasing.It means that future
In 5 years, the power lithium-ion battery of new-energy automobile will progressively be scrapped, and produce substantial amounts of waste and old lithium ion battery.Power lithium from
Sub-battery is contained within the valuable metals such as substantial amounts of nickel, cobalt, manganese, ferrum, has good recovery value.
Existing lithium ion battery recovery process patent, mainly the most directly crushes lithium battery, or by electricity
Pond strip off, then applies for a patent, such as application number the extract technology of the valuable metals such as nickel, cobalt, manganese, ferrum, copper, aluminum in positive/negative plate
It it is the waste lithium battery treatment of industrial waste process company of east, the Dalian Thailand application protection of 201210496378.6.This
Outward, after also having patent that high manganese systems row lithium battery is crushed, directly carry out pyrometallurgical smelting, prepare manganeisen, such as Application No.
201210017163.1 Foshan Brunp Recycling Technology Co., Ltd. application protection a kind of manganese systems old and useless battery in have valency gold
The recoverying and utilizing method belonged to.It is several times greater that electrokinetic cell cell compares general digital product lithium ion battery storage energy, as
Fruit does not carries out forced electric discharge process to battery before disassembling, and directly crushes, or soaks in water, or disassembles manually
Misoperation, surprisingly punctures lithium battery, it is easy to causes burning, blast, endangers personal safety；And power lithium-ion battery
In store substantial amounts of organic electrolyte, all be there is the biggest hazardness in health of human body and environment.If employing above-mentioned two
Dynamic lithium battery is directly reclaimed by patented method, may produce blast on fire and electrolyte volatilization is revealed in shattering process
Etc. situation, the harm person and Environmental security；Broken material non-classified reclaims, and the later stage that also can increase valuable metal is extracted into
This.
As can be seen here, how to work out a kind of new-energy automobile power-type lithium ion battery disassembles classification recovery process
Method, it is possible to positive and negative pole material and copper, the aluminum etc. of most worthy in new-energy automobile power-type lithium ion battery are had valency gold
Belong to taxonomic revision out, and realize the recovery of organic electrolyte garbage, it is to avoid in removal process lithium battery blast on fire and
The situation that electrolyte volatilization is revealed occurs, i.e. the method has the safe and efficient advantage of operation, is current those skilled in the art
Problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems referred to above, the invention provides disassembling point of a kind of new-energy automobile power-type lithium ion battery
Class recovery process method.
The present invention a kind of new-energy automobile power-type lithium ion battery disassemble classification recovery process method, including following
Step:
Manually disassembling of (a) power battery case: the shell of new-energy automobile power-type lithium ion battery is carried out people
Work is disassembled, and takes out the cell bag in described new-energy automobile power-type lithium ion battery；
The mandatory discharge process of (b) remaining capacity: described cell bag is placed in carry out on electronic load instrument mandatory
Electric discharge, until discharge off；
C () crushes: first described cell bag is carried out drying operation, is placed in disintegrating machine the most again and carries out multistage breaking
It is broken, till the broken thing average diameter of described cell bag is less than 1cm；
The drying of (d) electrolyte organic solution and recovery: the drying of electrolyte organic solution and recovery: by described broken thing
Putting into vacuum drying oven and carry out vacuum drying treatment, baking temperature is 50-100 DEG C, and to the gaseous state volatilized during this
Organic solvent molecule carries out condensation and reclaims；
E () is broken and sieve: the described broken thing lumpd after drying crosses 10-50 mesh sieve, siftage after pulverizing further
For the mixture of described new-energy automobile power-type lithium ion battery positive and negative pole material Yu binding agent, oversize is described monomer
The outer cover packaging thing of battery bag and aluminium foil, Copper Foil, the mixture of a small amount of positive and negative pole material；Due to described aluminium foil, Copper Foil, Shao Liangzheng
The content of the positive and negative pole material in the mixture of negative material is the least, it is possible to ignore.
F () sorts: be placed on screening installation by described oversize and sort, by the outer cover packaging of described cell bag
Thing separates with the mixture of described aluminium foil, Copper Foil.
Further, the outer cover packaging thing of described cell bag includes aluminum plastic film, aluminum hull and box hat.
Further, described cell bag can be single lithium battery, it is also possible to be made up of some lithium batteries
Battery module.
Further, one during described lithium battery can be the lithium batteries such as soft-package battery, box hat battery, aluminum-shell battery or
Several.
Further, described disintegrating machine can be jaw crusher, hammer mill, impact breaker, cone crusher
One or two kinds of combination in the equipment such as machine, rod-toothed crusher, double-roll crusher.
Further, described screening installation, can be the heavy-medium beneficiation equipment such as shaking table, jigging machine.
The present invention a kind of new-energy automobile power-type lithium ion battery disassemble classification recovery process method, with existing skill
Art is compared and is had the advantage that
First, present invention process is safe, simply achieve new-energy automobile power-type lithium ion battery efficiently disassembles
Classification is reclaimed, it is adaptable to mass disposal scraps power-type lithium ion battery；Secondly, present invention adds remaining capacity to force to put
Electricity step, greatly reduces the dangerous generations such as on fire during electrokinetic cell is disassembled, blast；Then, present invention adds
Machine electrolyte vacuum recycling step, has stopped Organic substance to environment and the harm of staff；Finally, the present invention can be by new forms of energy
Packing material, aluminium foil Copper Foil mixture, the both positive and negative polarity powder such as the shell of automobile power-type lithium ion battery such as aluminum plastic film aluminum hull box hat
Powder material is effectively separated, it is achieved that the aluminium foil Copper Foil mixing of high value in new-energy automobile power-type lithium ion battery
The resource classifications such as thing, both positive and negative polarity dusty material reclaim.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the FB(flow block) of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to be better understood from the present invention, below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the drawings, the present invention is further retouched
State.
As it is shown in figure 1, manually disassembled by the shell of new-energy automobile power-type lithium ion battery, take out new forms of energy
Cell in automobile power-type lithium ion battery；Cell is carried out residual capacity measurement, the monomer not being substantially discharged
Battery needs to be substantially discharged on charging/discharging apparatus；After being dried by cell complete for self discharge, put into disintegrating machine
Inside crush；Dry after Po Sui, and evaporant is reclaimed；Will dry after broken thing pulverize further after mistake
Sieve, siftage is the mixture of positive and negative pole material and binding agent, and oversize is outer cover packaging thing and aluminium foil, the copper of cell
Paper tinsel, a small amount of positive and negative pole material mixture；Oversize shaking table is carried out ore dressing classification, the outer cover packaging thing of cell can be divided
Separate out, the most recyclable obtain aluminium foil, Copper Foil.Wherein, the outer cover packaging thing of described cell includes aluminum plastic film, aluminum hull, steel
Shell etc..In order to this technical scheme is explained in more detail, so selecting three below embodiment to be described further.
Embodiment 1:
Selecting Li Shen JAC IEV5 power battery pack, cell is 18650 batteries；First by power battery case
Manually disassemble, after having disassembled, take out 18650 electrokinetic cell bags of the inside, battery is wrapped in and carries out on electronic load instrument the most by force
System electric discharge；After discharge off, put into jaw crusher and crush, until broken thing average diameter is to below 1cm；To crush
Vacuum drier put into by the material finished, and carries out 80 DEG C of vacuum drying, and organic solvent gas condensation is reclaimed；The thing lumpd after drying
Material is put in rod-toothed crusher, the most finely divided, then crosses 10-50 mesh sieve, and siftage is positive and negative pole material and binding agent
Mixture, oversize be the outer cover packaging thing of cell, 18650 box hats, aluminium foil, Copper Foil, a small amount of positive and negative pole material mixing
Thing；Oversize is placed on jigging machine and sorts, single battery case packing material, box hat can be mixed with tiny aluminium foil Copper Foil
Compound is separated.
Embodiment 2:
Selecting Air China's lithium electricity ternary material power battery pack, cell is aluminum plastic film soft-package battery；First by power current
Pond shell is manually disassembled, and takes out cell bag, wrapped in by battery and quickly force on electronic load instrument after having disassembled
Electric discharge；After discharge off, put into jaw crusher and crush, until broken thing average diameter is to below 1cm；Will be broken complete
Material put into vacuum drier, carry out 80 DEG C of vacuum drying, organic solvent gas condensation is reclaimed；The material lumpd after drying
Put in rod-toothed crusher, the most finely divided, then cross 10-50 mesh sieve, siftage is positive and negative pole material and binding agent
Mixture, oversize is the outer cover packaging thing of cell, aluminum plastic film and aluminium foil, Copper Foil, a small amount of positive and negative pole material mixture；Will
Oversize is placed on jigging machine and sorts, and can be mixed with tiny aluminium foil Copper Foil by the outer cover packaging thing aluminum plastic film of cell
Thing is separated.
Embodiment 3:
Selecting BYD K9 power battery pack, cell is lithium iron phosphate aluminum housing battery；First by power battery case
Manually disassemble, take out cell bag after having disassembled, battery is wrapped in and on electronic load instrument, carries out quick forced electric discharge；Electric discharge
After, put into jaw crusher disintegrating machine and crush, until broken thing average diameter is to below 1cm；By broken complete
Vacuum drier put into by material, carries out 80 DEG C of vacuum drying, and organic solvent gas condensation is reclaimed；The material lumpd after drying is put
Enter in rod-toothed crusher, the most finely divided, then cross 10-50 mesh sieve, siftage is the mixed of positive and negative pole material and binding agent
Compound, oversize is the outer cover packaging thing of cell, box hat, aluminium foil, Copper Foil, a small amount of positive and negative pole material mixture；By on sieve
Thing is placed on jigging machine and sorts, and can the outer cover packaging thing of cell, box hat be divided with tiny aluminium foil Copper Foil mixture
Leave.
Above embodiments of the invention are described in detail, but described content have been only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention,
It is not to be regarded as the practical range for limiting the present invention.All impartial changes made according to the scope of the invention and improvement etc., all should
Within still belonging to this patent covering scope.
Claims (6)
1. a new-energy automobile power-type lithium ion battery disassemble classification recovery process method, it is characterised in that include
Following steps:
A the shell of new-energy automobile power-type lithium ion battery is manually disassembled by (), take out described new-energy automobile and use
Cell bag in power-type lithium ion battery；
B described cell bag is placed on electronic load instrument and carries out mandatory electric discharge by (), until discharge off；
C described cell bag is first carried out drying operation by (), be placed in disintegrating machine the most again and carry out multiple stage crushing, until described
The broken thing average diameter of cell bag is less than till 1cm；
D described broken thing is put into vacuum drying oven and is carried out vacuum drying treatment by (), baking temperature is 50-100 DEG C, and to this
During the gaseous state organic solvent molecule that volatilized carry out condensation and reclaim；
E described broken thing that () is lumpd after drying crosses 10-50 mesh sieve after pulverizing further, and siftage is described new-energy automobile
With the mixture of power-type lithium ion battery positive and negative pole material Yu binding agent, oversize is the outer cover packaging of described cell bag
Thing and aluminium foil, the mixture of Copper Foil；
F described oversize is placed on screening installation and sorts by (), by the outer cover packaging thing of described cell bag with described
Aluminium foil, the mixture of Copper Foil separate.
New-energy automobile power-type lithium ion battery the most according to claim 1 disassemble classification recovery process method,
It is characterized in that: the outer cover packaging thing of described cell bag includes aluminum plastic film, aluminum hull and box hat.
New-energy automobile power-type lithium ion battery the most according to claim 1 disassemble classification recovery process method,
It is characterized in that: described cell bag is single lithium battery or the battery module being made up of multiple lithium batteries.
New-energy automobile power-type lithium ion battery the most according to claim 1 disassemble classification recovery process method,
It is characterized in that: described lithium battery is one or more in soft-package battery, box hat battery, aluminum-shell battery.
New-energy automobile power-type lithium ion battery the most according to claim 1 disassemble classification recovery process method,
It is characterized in that: described disintegrating machine be jaw crusher, hammer mill, impact breaker, gyratory crusher, discaling roll crush
One or two kinds of combination in machine, double-roll crusher.
6. classify back according to the disassembling of new-energy automobile power-type lithium ion battery described in any one in claim 1-5
Knock off process, it is characterised in that: described screening installation is shaking table or jigging machine.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107946688A (en) * | 2017-12-16 | 2018-04-20 | 淄博国利新电源科技有限公司 | The method that lithium is recycled from discarded ternary lithium ion battery |
| CN107946686A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-04-20 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | A kind of waste and old lithium ion battery recovery method |
| CN108736087A (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-11-02 | 深圳市恒创睿能环保科技有限公司 | A kind of technique that hydrometallurgic recovery discards valuable constituent in power battery |
| CN110336090A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-10-15 | 昌鑫生态科技(陕西)有限公司 | Old and useless battery environmental protection is recycled technology |
| CN111600091A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-08-28 | 深圳鑫茂新能源技术有限公司 | Method for recycling graphite of negative electrode of lithium ion battery |
| CN111822140A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-10-27 | 合肥国轩电池材料有限公司 | Recovery method of waste soft package lithium battery |
| CN112246834A (en) * | 2020-10-04 | 2021-01-22 | 湖南金源新材料股份有限公司 | Jigging separation method for components after dismantling of waste lithium batteries |
| CN112820970A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-18 | 中科院过程工程研究所南京绿色制造产业创新研究院 | Harmless treatment method for waste lithium battery electrolyte |
| WO2023184993A1 (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2023-10-05 | 湖南邦普循环科技有限公司 | System for safely disassembling accident power battery pack and method therefor |
| WO2024045532A1 (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2024-03-07 | 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 | Method for recovering and pretreating spent lithium-ion battery |
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| WO2023184993A1 (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2023-10-05 | 湖南邦普循环科技有限公司 | System for safely disassembling accident power battery pack and method therefor |
| WO2024045532A1 (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2024-03-07 | 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 | Method for recovering and pretreating spent lithium-ion battery |
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