CN112246834A - Jigging separation method for components after dismantling of waste lithium batteries - Google Patents
Jigging separation method for components after dismantling of waste lithium batteries Download PDFInfo
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- CN112246834A CN112246834A CN202011067012.8A CN202011067012A CN112246834A CN 112246834 A CN112246834 A CN 112246834A CN 202011067012 A CN202011067012 A CN 202011067012A CN 112246834 A CN112246834 A CN 112246834A
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 241001584775 Tunga penetrans Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
- B03B5/02—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating using shaken, pulsated or stirred beds as the principal means of separation
- B03B5/10—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating using shaken, pulsated or stirred beds as the principal means of separation on jigs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
- B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
- B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
- B03B2009/066—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse the refuse being batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
A jigging separation method of components after disassembly of waste lithium batteries relates to a recovery method of waste lithium batteries, and adopts the following process flows: preparing a mixture, performing primary crushing, screening, separating, performing secondary crushing, performing primary jigging, performing secondary jigging, performing tertiary jigging, and collecting light components. The invention overcomes the technical problems in the prior art, can thoroughly separate all components after the waste lithium battery is disassembled, improves the purity of all components and improves the value of all component substances.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for recovering waste lithium batteries, in particular to a jigging separation method of components after the waste lithium batteries are disassembled.
Background
The purpose of disassembling the waste lithium ion power battery is to separate copper, aluminum, iron, plastic, positive and negative electrode materials in the waste lithium ion power battery so as to be comprehensively utilized, and meanwhile, the harmless treatment of diaphragm paper and electrolyte is also considered. In the prior art, copper, iron and aluminum are subjected to simple mechanical crushing, are subjected to magnetic separation to remove iron, and are separated from most of copper and aluminum and positive and negative electrode materials by screening, so that the aim of roughly sorting products is fulfilled. Therefore, the positive and negative electrode materials contain high copper and aluminum, copper and aluminum are difficult to separate from each other, and great trouble is brought to subsequent comprehensive utilization. Particularly, the content of copper and aluminum in the anode and cathode materials is higher, generally between 2 and 5 percent, and even higher, and when the wet method is used comprehensively, the ratio of dissolving and separating copper and aluminum to the treatment cost is linearly increased along with the increase of the content of copper and aluminum, so that the lower the content of copper and aluminum in the anode and cathode materials to be treated is, the better the copper and aluminum content is, but the separation difficulty is high.
The specific gravity of each component is as follows:
| item | Copper (Cu) | Iron | Aluminium | Positive electrode material | Plastic material | Diaphragm paper | Graphite (II) |
| Specific gravity (g/cm)3） | 8.92 | 7.87 | 2.70 | (see tap density meter) | 1.4 | 1.1 | 1.6 |
Tap density table of positive electrode material:
the patent publication No. CN 109680152 a (2019.04.26) discloses a circuit board recycling method, and the paragraph [0009] of the specification discloses: "jigging separation is performed on particles having a density less than the preset density to separate metal particles and a first remaining material from the particles having a density less than the preset density", but specific technical contents are not disclosed. The comprehensive recycling of the waste lithium ion power battery is a new industry, and at present, a plurality of technical problems, including jigging separation of each component after the waste lithium battery is disassembled, are not solved correspondingly, so that the jigging separation of each component after the waste lithium battery is disassembled is a technical problem to be solved in the industry at present. Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical problems in the prior art and discloses a jigging separation method capable of thoroughly separating all components after disassembling waste lithium batteries.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: a jigging separation method of components after disassembly of waste lithium batteries is characterized in that: the following steps are taken:
a. preparing a mixture: the waste lithium battery is disassembled to prepare a mixture containing copper foil, aluminum foil, battery anode and cathode materials, plastic and diaphragm paper.
b. Crushing for the first time: and c, adding 3-5 times of water into the mixture prepared in the step a according to the mass ratio, and crushing the mixture to be below 200 meshes.
c. Screening: sieving the pulverized material with 150 mesh sieve with water.
d. Separation: and c, filtering the undersize product obtained in the screening step to obtain a filter cake as a crude anode and cathode material, and returning the filtrate to crushing for recycling.
e. And (3) crushing for the second time: and c, adding 3-5 times of water into the oversize product obtained in the screening step according to the mass ratio, and crushing the oversize product to be below 200 meshes.
f. First-stage jigging: and e, jigging the material obtained by the secondary crushing in the step e and the coarse anode and cathode materials obtained by the separation in the step d by using a jigger to separate copper powder, and enabling light components to enter the second-stage jigging.
g. Second-stage jigging: the light components of the first-stage jigs enter a jigger to be separated into anode material powder, and the light components enter a third-stage jigs.
h. Third-stage jigging: and (4) allowing the light component of the second-stage jigger to enter a jigger for jigging to separate aluminum powder, wherein the light component is a mixture of plastic powder, graphite powder and diaphragm paper powder.
i. And (4) collecting light components, namely, filtering the mixture of the plastic powder, the graphite powder and the diaphragm paper powder which are jigged out in the third stage in the step h, returning the filtrate to the jigging procedure for recycling, and performing harmless treatment on a filter cake.
Further, in the first crushing step, 4 times of water is added according to the mass ratio.
Further, in the second crushing step, 4 times of water is added according to the mass ratio.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention overcomes the technical problems in the prior art, can thoroughly separate all components after the waste lithium battery is disassembled, improves the purity of all components and improves the value of all component substances.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be more clearly understood, a particular embodiment thereof will now be described with reference to figure 1.
Example 1: a jigging separation method of components after disassembly of waste lithium batteries comprises the following steps:
a. preparing a mixture: the waste lithium battery is disassembled to prepare 2500g of a mixture containing copper foil, aluminum foil, battery anode and cathode materials, plastic and diaphragm paper.
b. Crushing for the first time: and (b) adding 4 times of 10000mL of water into 2500g of the mixture prepared in the step (a) according to the mass ratio, and crushing the mixture to be below 200 meshes by using a small experimental crusher (model SF-130/180).
c. Screening: sieving the pulverized material with 150 mesh sieve with water.
d. Separation: and c, filtering the undersize product obtained in the screening step to obtain 857.4g (containing 38.1% of water) of a filter cake of the crude anode and cathode materials, and returning the filtrate to grinding for recycling.
e. And (3) crushing for the second time: 2249.7g (containing 19.7% water) of the oversize product obtained in the screening step was mixed with 7500mL of water in a mass ratio, and the mixture was pulverized with a small laboratory pulverizer (model SF-130/180) to a particle size of 200 mesh or less.
f. First-stage jigging: and e, using a first sawtooth wave jigger (model 100x 150) to jiggle the material obtained by the second crushing in the step e and the coarse anode and cathode materials obtained by the separation in the step d to separate 318.7g of copper powder (containing 5.01 percent of water), and enabling the light components to enter a second stage jigger.
g. Second-stage jigging: the light components of the first stage jigging enter a second sawtooth wave jigging machine (model 100x 150) to be jigged, 1672.5g of anode material powder (containing 37.9 percent of water) is separated, and the light components enter a third stage jigging.
h. Third-stage jigging: the light component of the second-stage jigging enters a third sawtooth wave jigging machine (model 100x 150) to be jigged, 620.0g of aluminum powder (containing 9.12 percent of water) is separated, and the light component is a mixture of plastic powder, graphite powder and diaphragm paper powder.
i. And (4) collecting light components, namely, filtering the mixture of the plastic powder, the graphite powder and the diaphragm paper powder which are jigged out in the third stage in the step h, returning the filtrate to the jigging procedure for recycling, and performing harmless treatment on a filter cake.
Example 2: a jigging separation method of components after disassembly of waste lithium batteries comprises the following steps:
a. preparing a mixture: the waste lithium battery is disassembled to prepare 2500g of a mixture containing copper foil, aluminum foil, battery anode and cathode materials, plastic and diaphragm paper.
b. Crushing for the first time: adding 5 times of 12500mL of water into 2500g of the mixture obtained in the step a by mass ratio, and pulverizing with a small experimental pulverizer (model SF-130/180) to below 200 meshes.
c. Screening: sieving the pulverized material with 150 mesh sieve with water.
d. Separation: and c, filtering the undersize product obtained in the screening step to obtain 862.4g (containing 39.4% of water) of a filter cake of the crude anode and cathode materials, and returning the filtrate to grinding for recycling.
e. And (3) crushing for the second time: 2366.3g (containing 19.4% water) of the oversize product obtained in the screening step of c was mixed with 9900mL of water in a mass ratio and pulverized with a small laboratory pulverizer (model SF-130/180) to a particle size of 200 mesh or less.
f. First-stage jigging: and e, using a first sawtooth wave jigger (model 100x 150) to jiggle the material obtained by the second crushing in the step e and the coarse anode and cathode materials obtained by the separation in the step d to separate 322.6g (containing 5.21 percent of water) of copper powder, and enabling the light components to enter a second stage jigger.
g. Second-stage jigging: the light components of the first stage jigging enter a second sawtooth wave jigging machine (model 100x 150) to be jigged, 1654.7g of anode material powder (containing 36.1 percent of water) is separated, and the light components enter a third stage jigging.
h. Third-stage jigging: the light component of the second-stage jigging enters a third sawtooth wave jigging machine (model 100x 150) to be jigged to separate 618.6g of aluminum powder (containing 8.88 percent of water), and the light component is a mixture of plastic powder, graphite powder and diaphragm paper powder.
i. And (4) collecting light components, namely, filtering the mixture of the plastic powder, the graphite powder and the diaphragm paper powder which are jigged out in the third stage in the step h, returning the filtrate to the jigging procedure for recycling, and performing harmless treatment on a filter cake.
Example 3: a jigging separation method of components after disassembly of waste lithium batteries comprises the following steps:
a. preparing a mixture: the waste lithium battery is disassembled to prepare 2500g of a mixture containing copper foil, aluminum foil, battery anode and cathode materials, plastic and diaphragm paper.
b. Crushing for the first time: and (b) adding 3 times of 7500mL of water into 2500g of the mixture prepared in the step (a) according to the mass ratio, and crushing the mixture to be below 200 meshes by using a small experimental crusher (model SF-130/180).
c. Screening: sieving the pulverized material with 150 mesh sieve with water.
d. Separation: and c, filtering the undersize product obtained in the screening step to obtain 878.6g (containing 40.1% of water) of a filter cake of the crude anode and cathode materials, and returning the filtrate to grinding for recycling.
e. And (3) crushing for the second time: 2223.1g (containing 18.7% water) of the oversize product obtained in the step c of sieving was mixed with 6600mL of 3 times by mass of water and pulverized with a small laboratory pulverizer (model SF-130/180) to 200 mesh or less.
f. First-stage jigging: and e, using a first sawtooth wave jigger (model 100x 150) to jiggle the material obtained by the second crushing in the step e and the coarse anode and cathode materials obtained by the separation in the step d to separate 323.7g of copper powder (containing 6.11 percent of water), and enabling the light components to enter a second stage jigger.
g. Second-stage jigging: the light components of the first stage jigging enter a second sawtooth wave jigging machine (model 100x 150) to be jigged, 1668.2g of anode material powder (containing 37.4 percent of water) is separated, and the light components enter a third stage jigging.
h. Third-stage jigging: the light component of the second-stage jigging enters a third sawtooth wave jigging machine (model 100x 150) to be jigged to separate 611.2g of aluminum powder (containing 8.14 percent of water), and the light component is a mixture of plastic powder, graphite powder and diaphragm paper powder.
i. And (4) collecting light components, namely, filtering the mixture of the plastic powder, the graphite powder and the diaphragm paper powder which are jigged out in the third stage in the step h, returning the filtrate to the jigging procedure for recycling, and performing harmless treatment on a filter cake.
Table 1: jig product yield table
Table 2: quality table for jig products
While the invention has been described with respect to specific embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing and other changes, omissions and deviations in the form and detail thereof may be made without departing from the scope of this invention. Those skilled in the art should appreciate that they can readily use the disclosed conception and specific embodiments as a basis for designing or modifying other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; meanwhile, any equivalent changes, modifications and alterations of the above embodiments according to the spirit and techniques of the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A jigging separation method of components after disassembly of waste lithium batteries is characterized in that: the following steps are taken:
a. preparing a mixture: disassembling the waste lithium battery to prepare a mixture containing copper foil, aluminum foil, battery anode and cathode materials, plastic and diaphragm paper;
b. crushing for the first time: b, adding 3-5 times of water into the mixture prepared in the step a according to the mass ratio, and crushing the mixture to be below 200 meshes;
c. screening: screening the crushed materials with water by using a 150-mesh screen;
d. separation: c, filtering the undersize products obtained in the screening step to obtain filter cakes as crude anode and cathode materials, and returning the filtrate to crushing for recycling;
e. and (3) crushing for the second time: c, adding 3-5 times of water into the oversize product obtained in the screening step according to the mass ratio, and crushing the oversize product to be below 200 meshes;
f. first-stage jigging: c, jigging the materials obtained by the secondary crushing in the step e and the coarse anode and cathode materials obtained by the separation in the step d by using a jigger to separate copper powder, and enabling light components to enter the second-stage jigging;
g. second-stage jigging: the light components of the first-stage jigs enter a jigger to be separated into anode material powder, and the light components enter a third-stage jigs;
h. third-stage jigging: the light component of the second-stage jigging enters a jigging machine to be jigged to separate aluminum powder, and the light component is a mixture of plastic powder, graphite powder and diaphragm paper powder;
i. and (4) collecting light components, namely, filtering the mixture of the plastic powder, the graphite powder and the diaphragm paper powder which are jigged out in the third stage in the step h, returning the filtrate to the jigging procedure for recycling, and performing harmless treatment on a filter cake.
2. The jigging separation method of components after disassembly of waste lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that:
in the first crushing step, 4 times of water is added according to the mass ratio.
3. The jigging separation method of components after disassembly of waste lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that:
and in the second crushing step, 4 times of water is added according to the mass ratio.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113644331A (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-11-12 | 湖北冶金地质研究所(中南冶金地质研究所) | Cleaning and separating method for waste ternary power battery material |
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