CN107266737A - 一种橡胶摩擦材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种橡胶摩擦材料及其制备方法,属于橡胶材料技术领域。本发明利用四针状氧化锌晶须独特的三维空间的结构,分散在基体中作为橡胶材料的增强骨架,利用这种特殊结构增强与基体的抓着力,使抗拉强度明显增加,同时可降低轮胎的滚动阻力,因而能较好地解决高性能轮胎提高抗湿滑性与降低滚动阻力的矛盾,制备具有优良湿抓着性能、耐摩擦性能的防滑橡胶摩擦材料。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种橡胶摩擦材料及其制备方法,属于橡胶材料技术领域。
背景技术
橡胶是一种非常重要且用量很大的战略资源。作为衡量橡胶性能的重要指标,橡胶制品的摩擦性能与其他性能一样越来越能引起人们的重视。对于轮胎橡胶来说,良好的防滑性是轮胎用橡胶制品应具备的基本功能之一,也是衡量轮胎品质优劣的一项重要指标。轮胎的防滑性能是指轮胎对地面的防滑效果或抓地力,防滑性能的好坏直接关系到轮胎着地时的安全与否。轮胎的防滑性能不好,在湿滑、结冰的路面上行驶时很容易打滑,在我国北方大部分地区冬季气温较低,路面较容易积水结冰,行驶更容易打滑,易发生交通事故。另外,随着经济的繁荣发展,社会的不断进步,人们将路面建设的越来越光滑,这就导致打滑事故的经常发生,因此有效提升轮胎材料的防滑性能刻不容缓。轮胎的防滑性能的好坏可以用轮胎和路基摩擦系数的大小来评判。对于不同的材料、在不同的湿度环境中、以及路面的不同都会造成轮胎的防滑性能的差异。所以在制作轮胎材料时,要综合考虑各方面的因素对轮胎防滑性能的影响,根据轮胎不同的用途,针对性的提升其防滑性能。
天然橡胶是一种天然高分子化合物,在常温下具有较高的弹性,机械强度优良,具有优异的综合性能和加工性能,所以其使用范围也极其广泛,目前在全球橡胶用量中占到了40%,是应用最广的通用橡胶。天然橡胶与其他材料相比有着较好的物理机械性能与耐磨性能,但是天然橡胶轮胎材料的防滑耐磨性能远远未能达到人们的要求,提升通用橡胶轮胎的防滑性能还有很长的路要走。
因此,在橡胶材料性能基础上的摩擦磨损研究已经成为当今材料摩擦学研究的热点。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题:针对目前天然橡胶材料的防滑耐磨性能远远未能达到人们的要求的问题,本发明提供了一种橡胶摩擦材料及其制备方法。
为解决技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案是:
一种橡胶摩擦材料,其特征在于,所述橡胶摩擦材料由下述重量份原料制备:
1~2份四针状氧化锌晶须,50~60份丁腈橡胶,3~5份硫磺,10~15份炭黑,5~10份白碳黑,1~3份硬脂酸,3~5份氧化镁,1~3份预处理硬质合金颗粒。
所述预处理硬质合金颗粒为硬质合金颗粒用白刚玉对其喷砂粗化处理,再在表面涂覆一层1~2μm聚异氢酸脂胶,在15~30℃下干燥30~40min制得。
所述硬质合金颗粒粒径为0.9~1.8mm的YG、YN、YT、YW硬质合金颗粒中的一种。
所述喷砂粗化处理为用白刚玉对其喷砂粗化处理至表面粗糙度Ra为3~5μm。
所述的一种橡胶摩擦材料的制备方法,其特征在于,具体步骤为:
S1.取硬质合金颗粒,用白刚玉对其喷砂粗化处理至表面粗糙度Ra为3~5μm,再在表面粗化处理的硬质合金颗粒表面涂覆一层1~2μm聚异氢酸脂胶,在15~30℃下干燥30~40min,得预处理硬质合金颗粒;
S2.取四针状氧化锌晶须、丁腈橡胶、硫磺、炭黑、白碳黑、硬脂酸、氧化镁,加入密炼机中,在60~80℃下混炼2~4min,得混炼胶;
S3.将混炼胶加入延压机中,控制辊筒温度为50~60℃,延压20~30min,得胶料;S4.将胶料加入模具中,并在胶料上表面均匀撒砂预处理硬质合金颗粒,封闭模具后将模具置于平板硫化机中,控制温度为150~160℃,压力为25~30MPa,硫化15~20min,冷却至室温后脱模,得橡胶摩擦材料。
本发明的有益技术效果是:
(1)本发明利用四针状氧化锌晶须独特的三维空间的结构,分散在基体中作为橡胶材料的增强骨架,利用这种特殊结构增强与基体的抓着力,使抗拉强度明显增加,同时可降低轮胎的滚动阻力,因而能较好地解决高性能轮胎提高抗湿滑性与降低滚动阻力的矛盾,制备具有优良湿抓着性能、耐摩擦性能的防滑橡胶摩擦材料;
(2)本发明利用橡胶和耐磨合金两者结合制成复合材料,吸附于合金颗粒表面的橡胶分子链有一定活动能力,在应力作用下,能够在合金粒子表面产生滑动,使材料中的应力重新分布,避免了应力集中,减少损失量,从而提高耐磨性能,并提高了橡胶与外界摩擦的能力。
具体实施方式
取2~3g粒径为0.9~1.8mm硬质合金颗粒,用白刚玉对其喷砂粗化处理至表面粗糙度Ra为3~5μm,再在表面粗化处理的硬质合金颗粒表面涂覆一层1~2μm聚异氢酸脂胶,在15~30℃下干燥30~40min,得预处理硬质合金颗粒;取1~2g四针状氧化锌晶须,50~60g丁腈橡胶,3~5g硫磺,10~15g炭黑,5~10g白碳黑,1~3g硬脂酸,3~5g氧化镁,加入密炼机中,在60~80℃下混炼2~4min,得混炼胶,将混炼胶加入延压机中,控制辊筒温度为50~60℃,延压20~30min,得胶料,将胶料加入模具中,并在胶料上表面均匀撒砂1~3g预处理硬质合金颗粒,封闭模具后将模具置于平板硫化机中,控制温度为150~160℃,压力为25~30MPa,硫化15~20min,冷却至室温后脱模,得橡胶摩擦材料。
实例1
取2g粒径为0.9mm硬质合金颗粒,用白刚玉对其喷砂粗化处理至表面粗糙度Ra为3μm,再在表面粗化处理的硬质合金颗粒表面涂覆一层1μm聚异氢酸脂胶,在15℃下干燥30min,得预处理硬质合金颗粒;取1g四针状氧化锌晶须,50g丁腈橡胶,3g硫磺,10g炭黑,5g白碳黑,1g硬脂酸,3g氧化镁,加入密炼机中,在60℃下混炼2min,得混炼胶,将混炼胶加入延压机中,控制辊筒温度为50℃,延压20min,得胶料,将胶料加入模具中,并在胶料上表面均匀撒砂1g预处理硬质合金颗粒,封闭模具后将模具置于平板硫化机中,控制温度为150℃,压力为25MPa,硫化15min,冷却至室温后脱模,得橡胶摩擦材料。
实例2
取2g粒径为1.2mm硬质合金颗粒,用白刚玉对其喷砂粗化处理至表面粗糙度Ra为4μm,再在表面粗化处理的硬质合金颗粒表面涂覆一层1μm聚异氢酸脂胶,在18℃下干燥35min,得预处理硬质合金颗粒;取1g四针状氧化锌晶须,55g丁腈橡胶,4g硫磺,12g炭黑,8g白碳黑,2g硬脂酸,4g氧化镁,加入密炼机中,在70℃下混炼3min,得混炼胶,将混炼胶加入延压机中,控制辊筒温度为55℃,延压25min,得胶料,将胶料加入模具中,并在胶料上表面均匀撒砂2g预处理硬质合金颗粒,封闭模具后将模具置于平板硫化机中,控制温度为155℃,压力为28MPa,硫化18min,冷却至室温后脱模,得橡胶摩擦材料。
实例3
取3g粒径为1.8mm硬质合金颗粒,用白刚玉对其喷砂粗化处理至表面粗糙度Ra为5μm,再在表面粗化处理的硬质合金颗粒表面涂覆一层2μm聚异氢酸脂胶,在30℃下干燥40min,得预处理硬质合金颗粒;取2g四针状氧化锌晶须,60g丁腈橡胶,5g硫磺,15g炭黑,10g白碳黑,3g硬脂酸,5g氧化镁,加入密炼机中,在80℃下混炼4min,得混炼胶,将混炼胶加入延压机中,控制辊筒温度为60℃,延压30min,得胶料,将胶料加入模具中,并在胶料上表面均匀撒砂3g预处理硬质合金颗粒,封闭模具后将模具置于平板硫化机中,控制温度为160℃,压力为30MPa,硫化20min,冷却至室温后脱模,得橡胶摩擦材料。
对比例:普通丁腈橡胶
对本发明制备的橡胶与普通丁腈橡胶进行检测,检测结果如表1所示:
表1
检测项目 | 实例1 | 实例2 | 实例3 | 对照例 |
拉伸强度/MPa | 20.88 | 20.93 | 20.97 | 19.95 |
断裂伸长率/% | 405.64 | 402.85 | 399.52 | 461.13 |
邵尔A型硬度 | 72 | 73 | 75 | 66 |
摩擦系数 | 0.32 | 0.35 | 0.38 | 0.27 |
磨损量/g | 0.081 | 0.078 | 0.072 | 0.101 |
由表1可知,本发明制备的橡胶摩擦材料具有优良的耐冲击性能,摩擦性能好,耐磨性能优异。
Claims (5)
1.橡胶摩擦材料,其特征在于,所述橡胶摩擦材料由下述重量份原料制备:
1~2份四针状氧化锌晶须,50~60份丁腈橡胶,3~5份硫磺,10~15份炭黑,5~10份白碳黑,1~3份硬脂酸,3~5份氧化镁,1~3份预处理硬质合金颗粒。
2.利要求1所述的一种橡胶摩擦材料,其特征在于,所述预处理硬质合金颗粒为硬质合金颗粒用白刚玉对其喷砂粗化处理,再在表面涂覆一层1~2μm聚异氢酸脂胶,在15~30℃下干燥30~40min制得。
3.利要求2所述的一种橡胶摩擦材料,其特征在于,所述硬质合金颗粒粒径为0.9~1.8mm的YG、YN、YT、YW硬质合金颗粒中的一种。
4.利要求2所述的一种橡胶摩擦材料,其特征在于,所述喷砂粗化处理为用白刚玉对其喷砂粗化处理至表面粗糙度Ra为3~5μm。
5.利要求1~4任意一项所述的一种橡胶摩擦材料的制备方法,其特征在于,具体步骤为:
S1.取硬质合金颗粒,用白刚玉对其喷砂粗化处理至表面粗糙度Ra为3~5μm,再在表面粗化处理的硬质合金颗粒表面涂覆一层1~2μm聚异氢酸脂胶,在15~30℃下干燥30~40min,得预处理硬质合金颗粒;
S2.取四针状氧化锌晶须、丁腈橡胶、硫磺、炭黑、白碳黑、硬脂酸、氧化镁,加入密炼机中,在60~80℃下混炼2~4min,得混炼胶;
S3.将混炼胶加入延压机中,控制辊筒温度为50~60℃,延压20~30min,得胶料;S4.将胶料加入模具中,并在胶料上表面均匀撒砂预处理硬质合金颗粒,封闭模具后将模具置于平板硫化机中,控制温度为150~160℃,压力为25~30MPa,硫化15~20min,冷却至室温后脱模,得橡胶摩擦材料。
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CN105017578A (zh) * | 2014-04-15 | 2015-11-04 | 莎姆克有限责任公司 | 制备全自动洗衣机中减振阻尼器的橡胶摩擦材料的方法 |
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CN101429297A (zh) * | 2008-12-17 | 2009-05-13 | 黄山奔马集团有限公司 | 一种摩擦片材料及其使用方法 |
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