CN107258467B - Husky area's Tamarix ramosissima direct seeding forestation method of Extremely arid area - Google Patents

Husky area's Tamarix ramosissima direct seeding forestation method of Extremely arid area Download PDF

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CN107258467B
CN107258467B CN201710604868.6A CN201710604868A CN107258467B CN 107258467 B CN107258467 B CN 107258467B CN 201710604868 A CN201710604868 A CN 201710604868A CN 107258467 B CN107258467 B CN 107258467B
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trickle
seed
time
trickle irrigation
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CN107258467A (en
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刘国军
曾凡江
李向义
桂东伟
鲁艳
张波
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Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography of CAS
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G23/00Forestry
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/22Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/40Afforestation or reforestation

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of husky area's Tamarix ramosissima direct seeding forestation methods of Extremely arid area, and this method is the selection of land by collecting seed, and are laid with drip irrigation pipe, sow, and irrigate, and weeding and management process are completed.The method of the invention can save labour its advantage is that survival rate and storage rate have raising by a relatively large margin, and method is simple, at low cost, and the season of growth can nearly all be sowed, and the suitable sowing time is long.It overcomes the defects of the prior art, can effectively solve existing low in arid, the at high cost, survival rate of Extreme Dry drought and sand area Tamarix ramosissima afforestation and storage rate, while overcoming short Afforestation Time, afforestation nursery stock lifting, allocation and transportation and the difficult problem of plantation.

Description

Husky area's Tamarix ramosissima direct seeding forestation method of Extremely arid area
Technical field
The present invention relates to afforestation technology fields, are husky area's Tamarix ramosissima Growing season direct seeding forestation methods of Extremely arid area.
Background technique
Tamarix ramosissima (Tamarix ramosissima) is Chinese tamarisk section Tamarix, is distributed mainly on Tibet in China Western part, Xinjiang, Qinghai, Gansu, the Inner Mongol and Ningxia are desert area salinization, sandy soil and river and lake beach dune-fixating forestation and salt Alkali afforestation fine tree species, be to be distributed a kind of most wide Chinese tamarisk, be Tarim Basin desert, in semi desert ecosystem Key species and constructive species, occupied an important position in China deserta be distributed in northwest China arid, Extremely arid area, It is buried with drought resisting, cold-resistant, high temperature resistant, resistance to sand, saline-alkali tolerant, the good characteristics such as adaptable, is arid, Extreme Dry drought and sand area afforestation One of main tree species, in addition to checking winds and fixing drifting sand, the host plant of Tamarix ramosissima or sand industry inoculating tube flower herba cistanches, In It is widely used in forestry and ecological construction, it is played by the afforestation and ecological construction in the husky area in oasis periphery and checks winds and fixes drifting sand, improves ring The normal orderly development in arable land, farming and animal husbandry, industry and other social economies inside border, protection and guarantee oasis, ensures green Continent ecological safety;On the other hand by arid, Extreme Dry drought and sand area Tamarix ramosissima woods construction, broad development Cistanche tubulosa, Efficient sand industry is formed in ecological construction, the ability that expands employment expands forestry output and improves the economic benefit of forestry, together The autotrophy Economic Function of Shi Tigao ecological construction.
The method that existing Extremely arid area Tamarix ramosissima afforestation is planted using nursery: spring planting by stock method is (i.e. in the spring Season transplants nursery stock and afforests by digging pit, this method of forestation usually per acre the cost of forestation on ground at 1600 yuan to 2000 yuan, Including 900 yuan to 1100 yuan of drip irrigation equipment, nursery stock takes 200 yuan to 300 yuan, digs pit, transplants 500 yuan to 700 yuan of labour cost;It saves Rate is usually 40% to 70%).This Tamarix ramosissima method of forestation of Extreme Dry drought and sand area and two bottleneck problems of development are exactly: making The cost of woods it is high and survive, storage rate it is extremely low (not guaranteed).In Extremely arid area production of forestry simultaneously, usual spring afforestation Time about 25 days or so, i.e., Afforestation Time is short, routine is afforested, and nursery stock lifting, allocation and transportation and plantation are difficult, and peasant's spring is relatively busy, It can avoid peasant's time busy farming season in spring.
So far, Chinese patent (104012363 A of CN) discloses arid, semiarid region Chinese tamarisk summer hardwood cutting Method of forestation, arid, semiarid region Chinese tamarisk summer hardwood cutting method of forestation in invention, can significantly improve Chinese tamarisk in summer The survival rate and storage rate of cuttage, Chinese tamarisk stiff wood can be survived in arid, semiarid region in summer cuttage, in the present invention, The Chinese tamarisk stiff wood kind item of storage is combined with modern irrigation technique, effectively reduces the limiting factors pair such as arid, high temperature and dust storm Adverse effect caused by Chinese tamarisk cutting forset-plantation realizes the breakthrough of Chinese tamarisk cutting forset-plantation in time, in forestry and ecological construction In, especially it is of great immediate significance in scale afforestation and ecological construction.But the disadvantage is that the processing of branch, Transport, preservation is more demanding, and labour cost is higher.Chinese patent (101810121 A of CN) discloses beach saline land Chinese tamarisk Gui The method of the quick afforestation of willow carries out seed dispersal by wind-force, is used to seminal propagation, is not suitable for the ring of extreme drought Border.Chinese patent (103329723 A of CN) discloses arid-desert area alluvial flat Chinese tamarisk restoration methods, and this method, which uses, to be had Have or close to Chinese tamarisk seed forest alluvial flat, select flood to overflow place that region updates as Chinese tamarisk, using Chinese tamarisk seed at The characteristics of ripe and flood synchronization, carries out conventional alluvial flat Chinese tamarisk update recovery or indirect labor and sows seeds.The practical model of its patent It encloses and limited time, is not suitable for the plantation of large area.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aims at provide a kind of husky area's Tamarix ramosissima direct seeding forestation method of Extremely arid area, this method is By collecting seed, selection of land is laid with drip irrigation pipe, sows, and irrigates, and weeding and management process are completed.The method of the invention, its advantage is that at Motility rate and storage rate have raising by a relatively large margin, can save labour, and method is simple, at low cost, and the season of growth is nearly all It can sow, the suitable sowing time is long.It overcomes the defects of the prior art, can effectively solve existing arid, extreme The at high cost, survival rate and storage rate of Arid Desert Area Tamarix ramosissima afforestation are low, while overcoming that Afforestation Time is short, afforestation nursery stock rises Seedling, allocation and transportation and the problem for planting difficulty.
Husky area's Tamarix ramosissima direct seeding forestation method of a kind of Extremely arid area of the present invention, it is characterised in that by following Step carries out:
A, it collects seed: carrying out harvesting the seed of abundant maturation at the beginning of 6 months in seed maturation to mid-August, by the seed of harvesting It is screened, removal impurity leaves full seed, stores under -5 DEG C of environment of temperature;
B, selection of land: selecting to implement in Extremely arid area the sand ground of trickle irrigation as reproducing area, wherein matter husky in reproducing area Amount percentage composition is 40%-90%;
C, it is laid with drip irrigation pipe on the reproducing area of step b selection, drip irrigation pipe is staggeredly laid with according to 1 meter and 3 meters of spacing, In The spacing of two neighboring water dropper is 1 meter in drip irrigation pipe, dripping end flow 2-4L/h;
D, it sows: from the beginning of 4 months current years at the beginning of August, being sowed on the reproducing area that step c is laid with drip irrigation pipe, each Sow 8-10 Tamarix ramosissima seeds, depth of planting 0.1-0.2cm in humid region after water dropper trickle irrigation;
E, it irrigates: being managed for the year after Tamarix ramosissima seed sowing, after planting trickle irrigation 3 hours, every 3 days trickle irrigations 1 time later, often Secondary trickle irrigation 3-4 hours, not thinning after emergence was dripped for every 15 days after every 7 days trickle irrigations 1 time, each trickle irrigation 3-4 hours, 30 days after 15 days It fills 1 time, each trickle irrigation 3-4 hours;
F, it weeding: during growth of seedling, needs in June, August weeding 2 times;
G, manage: sowing second year after manage, every month trickle irrigation 1 time, the trickle irrigation time 10-12 hours, meanwhile, thinning, 2 young plants, i.e. completion Tamarix ramosissima direct seeding forestation are stayed at each water dropper.
Husky area's Tamarix ramosissima direct seeding forestation method of Extremely arid area of the present invention, this method the utility model has the advantages that passing through The method of the invention 500 yuan to 700 yuan of save the cost per acre than spring planting by stock method.Nursery stock survival rate improves 30% To 50%.Meanwhile it solving in Extremely arid area production of forestry, Afforestation Time is short, routine is afforested nursery stock lifting, allocation and transportation and plantation Difficult problem.Meanwhile the sowing time is wider, in Hotan Prefecture, from early April at the beginning of August.Peasant's spring is relatively busy, can also be with Avoid peasant's time busy farming season in spring.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the Chinese Academy of Sciences's Xinjiang ecology and ground that the present invention is located at potentials in southern fringe of Taklamakan Desert SPOT image periphery Manage the Test Drawing at research institute, sand desert survey station, Qira.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is not limited by following embodiments, can determine tool with actual conditions according to the technique and scheme of the present invention The embodiment of body.
The present invention is in the Chinese Academy of Sciences's Xinjiang ecology and geography for being located at potentials in southern fringe of Taklamakan Desert SPOT image periphery Research institute, sand desert survey station, Qira is carried out, and 11.9 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year of SPOT image (37 ° of 00 ' N, 80 ° of 43 ' E), extreme highest 41.9 DEG C of temperature, -23.9 DEG C of Annual lowest climate temperature, average annual precipitation only 35.1mm, northern desert area only 13mm, year evaporation capacity it is high Up to 2595.3mm.
Embodiment 1
A, it collects seed: carrying out harvesting the seed of abundant maturation at the beginning of 6 months in seed maturation to mid-August, by the seed of harvesting It is screened, removal impurity leaves full seed, stores under -5 DEG C of environment of temperature;
B, selection of land: selecting to implement in Extremely arid area the sand ground of trickle irrigation as reproducing area, wherein matter husky in reproducing area Measuring percentage composition is 40%;
C, it is laid with drip irrigation pipe on the reproducing area of step b selection, drip irrigation pipe is staggeredly laid with according to 1 meter and 3 meters of spacing, In The spacing of two neighboring water dropper is 1 meter in drip irrigation pipe, dripping end flow 2L/h;
D, it sows: from the beginning of 4 months current years at the beginning of August, being sowed on the reproducing area that step c is laid with drip irrigation pipe, each Sow 8 Tamarix ramosissima seeds, depth of planting 0.1cm in humid region after water dropper trickle irrigation;
E, it irrigates: being managed for the year after Tamarix ramosissima seed sowing, after planting trickle irrigation 3 hours, every 3 days trickle irrigations 1 time later, often Secondary trickle irrigation 3 hours, not thinning after emergence, every 15 days trickle irrigations 1 after every 7 days trickle irrigations 1 time, each trickle irrigation 3 hours, 30 days after 15 days It is secondary, each trickle irrigation 3 hours;
F, it weeding: during growth of seedling, needs in June, August weeding 2 times;
G, manage: being managed after sowing second year, every month trickle irrigation 1 time, the trickle irrigation time 10 hours, while thinning, each 2 young plants, i.e. completion Tamarix ramosissima direct seeding forestation are stayed at water dropper.
Embodiment 2
A, it collects seed: carrying out harvesting the seed of abundant maturation at the beginning of 6 months in seed maturation to mid-August, by the seed of harvesting It is screened, removal impurity leaves full seed, stores under -5 DEG C of environment of temperature;
B, selection of land: selecting to implement in Extremely arid area the sand ground of trickle irrigation as reproducing area, wherein matter husky in reproducing area Measuring percentage composition is 90%;
C, it is laid with drip irrigation pipe on the reproducing area of step b selection, drip irrigation pipe is staggeredly laid with according to 1 meter and 3 meters of spacing, In The spacing of two neighboring water dropper is 1 meter in drip irrigation pipe, dripping end flow 4L/h;
D, it sows: from the beginning of 4 months current years at the beginning of August, being sowed on the reproducing area that step c is laid with drip irrigation pipe, each Sow 10 Tamarix ramosissima seeds, depth of planting 0.2cm in humid region after water dropper trickle irrigation;
E, it irrigates: being managed for the year after Tamarix ramosissima seed sowing, after planting trickle irrigation 3 hours, every 3 days trickle irrigations 1 time later, often Secondary trickle irrigation 4 hours, not thinning after emergence, every 15 days trickle irrigations 1 after every 7 days trickle irrigations 1 time, each trickle irrigation 4 hours, 30 days after 15 days It is secondary, each trickle irrigation 4 hours;
F, it weeding: during growth of seedling, needs in June, August weeding 2 times;
G, manage: being managed after sowing second year, every month trickle irrigation 1 time, the trickle irrigation time 12 hours, while thinning, each 2 young plants, i.e. completion Tamarix ramosissima direct seeding forestation are stayed at water dropper.
Husky area's Tamarix ramosissima direct seeding forestation method of Extremely arid area of the present invention, the more existing method of forestation of this method Survival rate and storage rate have raising by a relatively large margin, cost is greatly saved, improves labor productivity, has expanded and has made The woods time, and be not affected by the weather.Meanwhile the afforestation of different time can also avoid the peak period with water and recruitment, effectively Sufficient season is gone to afforest using peasant's slack season and water phase.The method of the invention is extreme with field desert area Celei County It is applied in drought environment, there is stronger adaptability and implementation result, played its function now.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of husky area's Tamarix ramosissima direct seeding forestation method of Extremely arid area, it is characterised in that carry out in the steps below:
A, it collects seed: carrying out harvesting the seed of abundant maturation at the beginning of 6 months in seed maturation to mid-August, the seed of harvesting is carried out Screening, removal impurity leave full seed, store under -5 DEG C of environment of temperature;
B, selection of land: selecting to implement in Extremely arid area the sand ground of trickle irrigation as reproducing area, wherein quality hundred husky in reproducing area Dividing content is 40%-90%;
C, it is laid with drip irrigation pipe on the reproducing area of step b selection, drip irrigation pipe is staggeredly laid with according to 1 meter and 3 meters of spacing, in trickle irrigation The spacing of two neighboring water dropper is 1 meter on pipe, and dripping end flow is 2-4 L/h;
D, it sows: from the beginning of 4 months current years at the beginning of August, being sowed on the reproducing area that step c is laid with drip irrigation pipe, in each water dropper Sow 8-10 Tamarix ramosissima seeds, depth of planting 0.1-0.2cm in humid region after trickle irrigation;
E, it irrigates: being managed for the year after Tamarix ramosissima seed sowing, after planting trickle irrigation 3 hours, every 3 days trickle irrigations 1 time later, every time Trickle irrigation 3-4 hours, not thinning after emergence, every 15 days trickle irrigations after every 7 days trickle irrigations 1 time, each trickle irrigation 3-4 hours, 30 days after 15 days 1 time, each trickle irrigation 3-4 hours;
F, it weeding: during growth of seedling, needs in June, August weeding 2 times;
G, manage: being managed after sowing second year, every month trickle irrigation 1 time, the trickle irrigation time 10-12 hours, while thinning, each 2 young plants, i.e. completion Tamarix ramosissima direct seeding forestation are stayed at water dropper.
CN201710604868.6A 2017-07-24 2017-07-24 Husky area's Tamarix ramosissima direct seeding forestation method of Extremely arid area Active CN107258467B (en)

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Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107821081A (en) * 2017-11-07 2018-03-23 亿利首建生态科技有限公司 A kind of desertification wetland with saline-alkaline method of forestation
CN108029516B (en) * 2017-12-12 2019-08-06 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 A kind of water-saving irrigation method of arid-desert area ecological protection plant large-scale planting
CN112673886A (en) * 2021-01-25 2021-04-20 新疆永林水草生态研究有限公司 Method for quickly constructing tamarix chinensis forest in cistanche salsa base

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CN101810121A (en) * 2010-04-14 2010-08-25 北京林业大学 Fast afforestation method of tamarix chinensis at coastal saline-alkali soil
CN102487697A (en) * 2011-12-13 2012-06-13 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 Mountainous-area protecting meadow building method of arid areas
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CN104012364A (en) * 2014-05-09 2014-09-03 新疆林业科学院 Direct-sowing afforestation method for desert haloxylon of arid and extremely arid areas in growing season

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101803519A (en) * 2010-03-26 2010-08-18 石河子大学 Cultivation method for inoculating cistanche salsa by using tamarix chinensis
CN101810121A (en) * 2010-04-14 2010-08-25 北京林业大学 Fast afforestation method of tamarix chinensis at coastal saline-alkali soil
CN102487697A (en) * 2011-12-13 2012-06-13 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 Mountainous-area protecting meadow building method of arid areas
CN104012363A (en) * 2014-05-09 2014-09-03 新疆林业科学院 Hard-branch cutting afforestation method for Chinese tamarisk of arid and semi-arid areas in summer
CN104012364A (en) * 2014-05-09 2014-09-03 新疆林业科学院 Direct-sowing afforestation method for desert haloxylon of arid and extremely arid areas in growing season

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