CN107252007A - Application of the euphausia superba powder in terms of the hyperchromic feed of golden dragonfish is prepared - Google Patents
Application of the euphausia superba powder in terms of the hyperchromic feed of golden dragonfish is prepared Download PDFInfo
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- CN107252007A CN107252007A CN201710295918.7A CN201710295918A CN107252007A CN 107252007 A CN107252007 A CN 107252007A CN 201710295918 A CN201710295918 A CN 201710295918A CN 107252007 A CN107252007 A CN 107252007A
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Abstract
The invention discloses application of the euphausia superba powder in the golden hyperchromic feed of dragonfish is prepared and the hyperchromic feed of golden dragonfish.The hyperchromic feed is made up of the component of following mass ratio：Euphausia superba powder 5~70%, FSPC 1~20%, cicada pupa powder 1~7%, barley worm powder 1~10%, Self- raising flour 5~24%, beer yeast powder 2~10%, starch 1~10%, fairy shrimp 4~20%, spirulina 2~4%, soybean lecithin 2~4%, glycine betaine 2~4%, soya-bean oil 1~3%, vitamin mixtures 1~2.5%, mineral element mixture 2~5%, immunopotentiator 1~5%, Bifidobacterium 0.5~5%, plum blossom 0.5~2%, rhodotorula glutinis 0.1~1%, Red Pigment from Persimmon 0.1~1%.The hyperchromic feed has the hyperchromic effect of good color development to golden dragonfish, and fish body edible 7 days can be in gorgeous color and colour-fast；Attractant is good, can improve immunity, anti-stress ability and survival rate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aquaculture.The hyperchromic feeding of golden dragonfish is being prepared more particularly, to euphausia superba powder
Application in terms of material.
Background technology
Beautiful hard servant's osteoglossid (scientific name：Scleropages formosus)：Also known as golden dragonfish, Asia dragonfish, it is a kind of
Ancient original freshwater fish, originates in Malaysia, Indonesia, Sumatera Deng Di rivers and lake.Into 40~50 lis of fish length
Rice, the life-span is up to many decades.Fish-egg production is contained in mouth until juvenile fish is hatched, so there is the popular name of " dragon tells pearl " by parent population.From 20
It is developed to after in century as ornamental fish, squamation of the metallic luster such as the armor is dodged because its is general and bright-coloured photochromic and imposing cold
Cold bearing and get most of the attention, the personal value, which is floatd, is raised to the ten hundreds of degree of value of money, as one of extremely rare ornamental fish, has
The kinds such as imperial, the red dragon of back of the body gold, the Green Dragon.Excessively developed due to resource and cause in imminent danger, be put into Washington pact (CITES) protection
List annex I.
Therefore, the cultivation of golden dragonfish has important economic benefit；And it is used as a kind of important fancy fishes, it is necessary to
It is hyperchromic to fish body progress, so that fish body shows more bright-coloured beautiful color, the need for satisfaction is viewed and admired.
In addition, euphausia superba powder has preferably effect in terms of aquatic feeds, it is that one kind has before larger exploitation
The high-quality resource of scape.But euphausia superba powder Oil repellent is high, this is also the problem of its maximum is most difficult to overcome place, limits it
Using.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome being not enough to for the hyperchromic technology of color development in existing golden dragonfish breeding process
And euphausia superba powder Oil repellent it is high the problem of, be prepared for the euphausia superba powder that Oil repellent is less than 1mg/kg, and then optimization is a kind of
The golden special hyperchromic feed of dragonfish, has the hyperchromic effect of good color development to golden dragonfish, it 7 days or so can be in gorgeous that fish body is edible
Color and colour-fast, body line is graceful, color is beautiful, and has excellent food calling performance to golden dragonfish, easy to digest, not contaminant water
Matter, can significantly improve immunity, the anti-stress ability of golden dragonfish, improve survival rate, significantly improve the economy of golden dragonfish cultivation
Benefit, with good application prospect.
It is especially low it is an object of the invention to provide application of the euphausia superba powder in terms of the hyperchromic feed of golden dragonfish is prepared
Fluorine euphausia superba powder.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of special hyperchromic feed of golden dragonfish.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
Application of the euphausia superba powder in terms of the hyperchromic feed of golden dragonfish is prepared.
It is further preferred that the Oil repellent of the euphausia superba powder is 0~1mg/kg.
It is further preferred that the euphausia superba powder is prepared by the following method：
S1. krill keeps 5~15min, then be dipped in pH 4.6~5.0 after pretreatment in 80~85 DEG C of water
Distilled water in, ultrasound carries out pre- defluorinate processing；
S2. defluorinate processing is carried out using modified bagasse powder：Modified bagasse powder is added according to 15~20g/L ratio
Enter in distilled water, regulation pH is 4.5~5.0, and krill is immersed, and is reacted under ultrasound condition；
S3. the krill after step S2 processing is soaked into 20~30min in 75~85 DEG C of distilled water, then 40
~45 DEG C of drying to water content is 20~40%, is 10~15% then at 50~55 DEG C of drying to water content；
S4. the krill of drying is crushed to fineness for 120~220 mesh, it is 1~5% then to dry to water content,
Low fluorine euphausia superba powder is obtained, Oil repellent is below 1mg/kg.
Wherein, the preparation method of modified bagasse powder is described in step S2：
S21. pulverized and sieved by bagasse drying or after drying, obtain bagasse powder；
S22. bagasse powder is soaked after 6~7h in 20~30% sodium hydroxide solutions, washing, filtering；
S23. the product after S22 is handled is soaked in 1.5~2g/L liquor potassic permanganates, 50~80 DEG C reaction 1.5~
3h；
S24. the product after S23 is handled is washed, filters, dried, and produces modified bagasse powder.
Thaw, screen, clean furthermore it is preferred that being pre-processed described in step S1 and including hydrostatic successively.Wherein, screen preferred
Want the full krill of screening high-quality in ground.
Preferably, condition ultrasonic described in step S1 is the ultrasonically treated 3~5h of 80~150W.
It is highly preferred that every 1 hour of step S1 ultrasonically treated periods changed first water.
Preferably, condition ultrasonic described in step S2 is the ultrasonically treated 2~3.5h of 80~150W.
In addition, the baking step of krill uses two step oven drying methods in step S3, krill meal yield can be significantly improved.
Not only Oil repellent is very low for low fluorine euphausia superba powder prepared by the above method, and very limits remain krill
Active material and nutriment.The application of modified bagasse powder simultaneously also achieves twice laid and its value is reclaimed.
A kind of special hyperchromic feed of golden dragonfish, is made up of the component of following mass percent：Euphausia superba powder 5~70%,
FSPC 1~20%, cicada pupa powder 1~7%, barley worm powder 1~10%, Self- raising flour 5~24%, beer yeast powder 2
~10%, starch 1~10%, fairy shrimp 4~20%, spirulina 2~4%, soybean lecithin 2~4%, glycine betaine 2~4%, beans
Oil 1~3%, vitamin mixtures 1~2.5%, mineral element mixture 2~5%, immunopotentiator 1~5%, Bifidobacterium
0.5~5%, plum blossom 0.5~2%, rhodotorula glutinis 0.1~1%, Red Pigment from Persimmon 0.1~1%.
Preferably, the special hyperchromic feed of described golden dragonfish is made up of the component of following mass percent：Euphausia superba powder
5~40%, FSPC 10~20%, cicada pupa powder 4~7%, barley worm powder 5~8%, Self- raising flour 8~20%, beer
Brewer yeast powder 5~8%, starch 5~8%, fairy shrimp 8~15%, spirulina 2~4%, soybean lecithin 2~4%, glycine betaine 2
~4%, soya-bean oil 1.5~2.5%, vitamin mixtures 1~2.5%, mineral element mixture 2~5%, immunopotentiator 1~
5%th, Bifidobacterium 0.5~2%, plum blossom 0.5~1.5%, rhodotorula glutinis 0.5~1%, Red Pigment from Persimmon 0.5~1%.
It is highly preferred that the special hyperchromic feed of described golden dragonfish is made up of the component of following mass percent：Krill
Powder 25%, FSPC 10%, cicada pupa powder 6%, barley worm powder 7%, Self- raising flour 10%, beer yeast powder 5%, shallow lake
Powder 5%, fairy shrimp 10%, spirulina 3%, soybean lecithin 3%, glycine betaine 3%, soya-bean oil 2%, vitamin mixtures 2%, ore deposit
Thing element mixture 3%, immunopotentiator 3%, Bifidobacterium 0.5%, plum blossom 1.5%, rhodotorula glutinis 0.5%, persimmon are red
Element 0.5%.
Wherein it is preferred to, the euphausia superba powder is low fluorine euphausia superba powder, and Oil repellent is less than 1mg/kg.
It is highly preferred that method is made low fluorine euphausia superba powder by mentioned earlier.
The barley worm powder is using barley worm polypide albumen powder made from raw material.
Preferably, the immunopotentiator is：β -1,3 glucans and/or β -1,6 glucans.
Preferably, the vitamin mixtures include：Vitamin A, vitamine D3, vitamin E, Vitamin K3, vitamin
B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, nicotinic acid, calcium pantothenate, biotin, inositol, folic acid, vitamin C.
It is highly preferred that weight ratio of each vitamin component in total feed is as follows：35~45g/kg vitamin As, 2~4g/
Kg vitamine D3s, 65~75g/kg vitamin Es, 5~8g/kg Vitamin K3s, 35~45g/kg vitamin B1s, 2~5g/kg dimensions
Raw element B2,60~80g/kg vitamin B6s, 5~7g/kg vitamin B12s, 20~40g/kg nicotinic acid, 20~40g/kg calcium pantothenates,
0.2~0.25g/kg biotins, 180~280g/kg inositols, 5~8g/kg folic acid, 300~500g/kg vitamin Cs.
Preferably, the mineral element mixture includes：Copper sulphate, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, cobalt chloride,
Sodium selenite, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate.
It is highly preferred that weight ratio of each vitamin component in total feed is as follows：20~40g/kg of copper sulphate, sulfuric acid are sub-
40~50g/kg of iron, 10~25g/kg of zinc sulfate, 5~10g/kg of manganese sulfate, 0.2~0.5g/kg of cobalt chloride, sodium selenite 0.2
~0.5g/kg, 15~20g/kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 15~20g/kg of sodium dihydrogen phosphate.
In the formula of the special hyperchromic feed of golden dragonfish of the present invention, material is feed grade, described mineral element mixing
Thing is that its component is well mixed.Described vitamin mixtures are that its component is well mixed.
Specifically, the preparation method of the special hyperchromic feed of golden dragonfish is as follows：
(1) according to the content of each component in formula, each component is weighed；
(2) by euphausia superba powder, FSPC, cicada pupa powder, barley worm powder, beer yeast powder, starch, low muscle face
Powder and the mixing of mineral element mixture, are crushed to 50~250 mesh, are stirred for uniformly, obtaining powder；
(3) fairy shrimp, spirulina, plum blossom are homogenized to 50~250 mesh through colloid mill, then add glycine betaine wherein, it is big
Fabaceous Lecithin, soya-bean oil, vitamin mixtures, Bifidobacterium, immunopotentiator, rhodotorula glutinis and Red Pigment from Persimmon, carry out emulsification even
Slurry, obtains emulsion；
(4) powder of step (2) and the emulsion of step (3) are mixed, adds water and size mixing, water is raw material gross mass
30~50%, through roller drying, drying temperature is 100~200 DEG C, then vacuum dried, and vacuum is 60~90kPa, again
The hyperchromic feed of finished product is obtained after cooling.
The present invention has shown that a kind of modified bagasse is used to handle krill, and pin by substantial amounts of research and exploration
Preparation to euphausia superba powder, especially in terms of focusing on reduction Oil repellent and ensureing the reservation to greatest extent of active material, takes
Obtained preferable achievement.The Preference and nutritional need that have studied different fish are taken into account simultaneously, substantial amounts of screening study work has been done
Make, have developed a kind of special hyperchromic feed of golden dragonfish, there is good color development hyperchromic effect and food calling to the golden dragonfish of golden dragonfish
Property.
The invention has the advantages that：
Low fluorine euphausia superba powder Oil repellent prepared by the present invention can be less than 1mg/kg, and the exploitation for euphausia superba powder should
With with significant meaning.And also achieve the twice laid of bagasse, value and reclaim, with important economic value and
Environment protection significance.
The special hyperchromic feed of golden dragonfish that the present invention is provided has the hyperchromic effect of good color development, fish body food to golden dragonfish
Can be in gorgeous color and colour-fast with 7 days or so, fine figure, color are beautiful, and sight is good.
Meanwhile, the hyperchromic feed has excellent food calling performance to golden dragonfish, easy to digest, is remarkably improved golden dragonfish
Immunity, anti-stress ability, improve survival rate；And raw material sources are reliable, polluted water, steady quality, safety, do not feed behaviour
Make easy, the economic benefit of golden dragonfish cultivation can be improved, with good application prospect.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but embodiment does not do any form to the present invention
Restriction.Unless stated otherwise, the present invention is used reagent, method and apparatus for the art conventional reagent, method and are set
It is standby.
Unless stated otherwise, following examples agents useful for same and material are purchased in market.
Embodiment 1 prepares low fluorine euphausia superba powder
1st, modified bagasse powder is prepared：
(1) bagasse powder is pulverized and sieved to obtain by bagasse drying or after drying；
(2) bagasse powder is soaked after 6.5h in 25% sodium hydroxide solution, washing, filtering；
(3) it is soaked in again in 1.7g/L liquor potassic permanganates, 60 DEG C of reaction 2h；
(4) product after (3) are handled, washs, filters, dries, produce modified bagasse powder.
2nd, low fluorine euphausia superba powder is prepared：
(1) after krill thaws through hydrostatic, screened, cleans, 10min is kept in 80 DEG C of water, then be dipped in pH 4.8 steaming
In distilled water, the ultrasonically treated 4h of 100W carry out pre- defluorinate processing, change first water within every 1 hour during processing；
(2) defluorinate processing is carried out using modified bagasse powder：Ratio according to 20g/L, which adds modified bagasse powder, steams
In distilled water, regulation pH is 4.5, and krill is immersed, 3h is reacted under 100W ultrasound conditions；
(3) krill after step (2) processing is soaked into 25min in 80 DEG C of distilled water, then dried extremely for 45 DEG C
Water content is 30%, is 10% then at 55 DEG C of drying to water content；
(4) krill of drying is crushed to fineness for 120~220 mesh, it is 1~5% then to dry to water content,
Obtain low fluorine euphausia superba powder.
3rd, by experimental test verification, the Oil repellent of euphausia superba powder is less than 1mg/kg, and shrimp med yield can reach 90%
More than.Moreover, can also very limits reservation krill bioactive substance and nutriment.
The low fluorine euphausia superba powder optimum preparation condition of embodiment 2
1st, influence of the modified bagasse powder to euphausia superba powder Oil repellent
(1) influence of the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution to Oil repellent in krill meal
According to the method that modified bagasse powder is prepared in embodiment 1, using concentration of sodium hydroxide solution as single argument, prepare
A series of modified bagasse powder.A series of euphausia superba powders are obtained according still further to the method that euphausia superba powder is prepared in embodiment 1.
Oil repellent in euphausia superba powder is determined, shrimp med yield is calculated.
As a result as shown in table 1, when concentration of sodium hydroxide solution is 25~35%, the Oil repellent of euphausia superba powder is lower.
Influence of the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution to Oil repellent in krill meal when the bagasse powder of table 1 is modified
| NaOH solution concentration | Shrimp med Oil repellent | Shrimp med yield |
| 5% | 12mg/kg | 92% |
| 10% | 13mg/kg | 94% |
| 15% | 8mg/kg | 93% |
| 20% | 5mg/kg | 96% |
| 25% | 0.5mg/kg | 97% |
| 30% | 0.8mg/kg | 95% |
| 35% | 1mg/kg | 92% |
| 40% | 11mg/kg | 90% |
| 45% | 23mg/kg | 91% |
(2) influence of the liquor potassic permanganate concentration to Oil repellent in krill meal
According to the method that modified bagasse powder is prepared in embodiment 1, using liquor potassic permanganate concentration as single argument, prepare
A series of modified bagasse powder.A series of euphausia superba powders are obtained according still further to the method that euphausia superba powder is prepared in embodiment 1.
Oil repellent in euphausia superba powder is determined, shrimp med yield is calculated.
As a result as shown in table 2, when liquor potassic permanganate concentration is 1.5~2.2g/L, the Oil repellent of euphausia superba powder is more
It is low.
Influence of the liquor potassic permanganate concentration to Oil repellent in krill meal when the bagasse powder of table 2 is modified
| KMnO4Solution concentration | Shrimp med Oil repellent | Shrimp med yield |
| 1g/L | 10mg/kg | 91% |
| 1.1g/L | 12mg/kg | 92% |
| 1.3g/L | 5mg/kg | 94% |
| 1.5g/L | 1mg/kg | 95% |
| 1.7g/L | 0.5mg/kg | 97% |
| 1.9g/L | 0.6mg/kg | 96% |
| 2.0g/L | 0.9mg/kg | 93% |
| 2.2g/L | 1mg/kg | 91% |
| 2.4g/L | 23mg/kg | 90% |
(3) influence of the NaOH solution soak time to Oil repellent in krill meal
According to the method that modified bagasse powder is prepared in embodiment 1, using sodium hydroxide solution soak time as single argument,
Prepare a series of modified bagasse powder.A series of krills are obtained according still further to the method that euphausia superba powder is prepared in embodiment 1
Powder.Oil repellent in euphausia superba powder is determined, shrimp med yield is calculated.
As a result as shown in table 3, when sodium hydroxide solution soak time is 5.5~7.5h, the Oil repellent of euphausia superba powder
It is lower.
Influence of the NaOH solution soak time to Oil repellent in krill meal when the bagasse powder of table 3 is modified
| NaOH solution soak time | Shrimp med Oil repellent | Shrimp med yield |
| 4.0h | 2.6mg/kg | 91% |
| 5.0h | 3mg/kg | 93% |
| 5.5h | 1.1mg/kg | 92% |
| 6.0h | 1.2mg/kg | 95% |
| 6.5h | 0.6mg/kg | 96% |
| 7.0h | 0.8mg/kg | 97% |
| 7.5h | 1mg/kg | 90% |
| 8.0h | 3.1mg/kg | 92% |
| 9.0h | 3.0mg/kg | 91% |
(4)KMnO4Solution soaks influence of the reaction temperature to Oil repellent in krill meal
According to the method that modified bagasse powder is prepared in embodiment 1, reaction temperature is soaked to be monotropic using liquor potassic permanganate
Amount, prepares a series of modified bagasse powder.A series of South Pole are obtained according still further to the method that euphausia superba powder is prepared in embodiment 1
Krill meal.Oil repellent in euphausia superba powder is determined, shrimp med yield is calculated.
As a result as shown in table 4, when liquor potassic permanganate immersion reaction temperature is 40~80 DEG C, the fluorine of euphausia superba powder
Content is lower.
The KMnO when bagasse powder of table 4 is modified4Solution soaks influence of the reaction temperature to Oil repellent in krill meal
(5) in addition, by multifactor Variable Selection, as a result showing, bagasse powder method of modifying condition is：Sodium hydroxide
Solution concentration is 20~30%, and soak time soaks 6~7h；Liquor potassic permanganate concentration is 1.5~2g/L, and 50~80 DEG C anti-
Answer 1.5~3h.Optimal bagasse powder method of modifying condition is as shown in the Examples.
2nd, influence of the euphausia superba powder defluorinate condition to krill meal Oil repellent
(1) krill pre-processes the influence to krill meal Oil repellent
Experiment display, after krill is thawed, should screen full, coloury krill, first be soaked after cleaning up with hot water
Bubble, water temperature is advisable with 80~85 DEG C, soaks 5~15min.
(2) influence of the pH value of pre- defluorinate processing distilled water used to euphausia superba powder Oil repellent
According to the method that euphausia superba powder is prepared in embodiment 1, the pH value of distilled water used is handled to be monotropic using pre- defluorinate
Amount, is made a series of euphausia superba powders.Oil repellent in euphausia superba powder is determined, shrimp med yield is calculated.
As a result as shown in table 5, when the pH value that pre- defluorinate handles distilled water used is 4.8~5.2, euphausia superba powder
Oil repellent is lower.
Influence of the pH value of the pre- defluorinate of table 5 processing distilled water used to krill meal Oil repellent
(3) influence of the consumption of defluorinate processing modified bagasse powder used to euphausia superba powder Oil repellent
According to the method that euphausia superba powder is prepared in embodiment 1, using defluorinate handle the consumption of modified bagasse powder used as
Single argument, is made a series of euphausia superba powders.Oil repellent in euphausia superba powder is determined, shrimp med yield is calculated.
As a result as shown in table 6, when defluorinate processing modified bagasse powder consumption used is 15~20g/L, euphausia superba powder
Oil repellent it is lower.
Influence of the pH value of the pre- defluorinate of table 6 processing distilled water used to krill meal Oil repellent
| Modified bagasse powder consumption | Shrimp med Oil repellent | Shrimp med yield |
| 5g/L | 25mg/kg | 93% |
| 10g/L | 12mg/kg | 92% |
| 11g/L | 8mg/kg | 94% |
| 12g/L | 3mg/kg | 95% |
| 13g/L | 2mg/kg | 96% |
| 14g/L | 1.8mg/kg | 94% |
| 15g/L | 0.9mg/kg | 93% |
| 16g/L | 0.7mg/kg | 95% |
| 17g/L | 0.5mg/kg | 97% |
| 18g/L | 0.7mg/kg | 95% |
| 19g/L | 0.6mg/kg | 93% |
| 20g/L | 0.7mg/kg | 91% |
| 21g/L | 0.8mg/kg | 92% |
(4) influence of the pH value of solution to krill meal Oil repellent when the defluorinate of modified bagasse powder is handled
According to the method that euphausia superba powder is prepared in embodiment 1, the pH value of solution when being handled with the defluorinate of modified bagasse powder
For single argument, a series of euphausia superba powders are made.Oil repellent in euphausia superba powder is determined, shrimp med yield is calculated.
As a result as shown in table 7, when when the defluorinate of modified bagasse powder is handled, the pH value of solution is 4.5~5.0, South Pole phosphorus
The Oil repellent of shrimp med is lower.
Influence of the pH value of solution to krill meal Oil repellent when the modified bagasse powder defluorinate of table 7 is handled
| The pH value of pre- defluorinate processing distilled water used | Shrimp med Oil repellent | Shrimp med yield |
| 2.0 | 21mg/kg | 90% |
| 2.5 | 23mg/kg | 91% |
| 3.0 | 15mg/kg | 92% |
| 3.5 | 6.8mg/kg | 93% |
| 4.0 | 4.3mg/kg | 94% |
| 4.5 | 0.7mg/kg | 95% |
| 5.0 | 0.8mg/kg | 93% |
| 5.5 | 2.3mg/kg | 92% |
| 6.0 | 5.8mg/kg | 94% |
| 6.5 | 9.6mg/kg | 93% |
(5) influence of the modified bagasse powder defluorinate processing reaction time to krill meal Oil repellent
According to the method that euphausia superba powder is prepared in embodiment 1, the reaction time is handled to be single using the defluorinate of modified bagasse powder
Variable, is made a series of euphausia superba powders.Oil repellent in euphausia superba powder is determined, shrimp med yield is calculated.
As a result as shown in table 8, when the modified bagasse powder defluorinate processing reaction time is 2~4, the fluorine of euphausia superba powder
Content is lower.
The modified bagasse powder defluorinate of table 8 handles influence of the reaction time to krill meal Oil repellent
| The defluorinate of modified bagasse powder handles the reaction time | Shrimp med Oil repellent | Shrimp med yield |
| 0.5h | 26mg/kg | 90% |
| 1.0h | 15mg/kg | 91% |
| 1.5h | 8mg/kg | 92% |
| 2.0h | 2.0mg/kg | 93% |
| 2.5h | 0.9mg/kg | 94% |
| 3.0h | 0.7mg/kg | 95% |
| 3.5h | 0.5mg/kg | 93% |
| 4.0h | 0.6mg/kg | 92% |
| 4.5h | 1.6mg/kg | 94% |
| 5.0h | 3.5mg/kg | 93% |
(6) in addition, being shown by multifactor Variable Selection result, the preparation process condition of low fluorine euphausia superba powder is：In advance
The pH value of defluorinate processing distilled water used is 4.5~5.0, and defluorinate processing modified bagasse powder consumption used is 15~20g/L,
The defluorinate of modified bagasse powder handle when solution pH value be 4.5~5.0, the defluorinate of modified bagasse powder processing the reaction time be 2~
3.5h when.The preparation process condition of optimal low fluorine euphausia superba powder is as described in Example 1.
3rd, defluorination process contrast test
(1) low fluorine euphausia superba powder is prepared, experiment is set：
Experimental group：Embodiment 1.
Contrast groups 1：The method of be the same as Example 1, difference is：In step (1), after krill screening, cleaning, save
" the step of keeping 10min " in 80 DEG C of water is omited.
Contrast groups 2：The method of be the same as Example 1, difference is：In step (1), the pre- defluorinate processing of distilled water is eliminated
The step of (eliminate " in the distilled water for being dipped in pH 4.8 again, the pre- defluorinate processing of the ultrasonically treated 4h progress of 100W, during processing
Change first water within every 1 hour ").
Contrast groups 3：The method of be the same as Example 1, difference is：Modified bagasse powder is carried out after defluorinate processing, step
(3) " the step of soaking 25min " in 80 DEG C of distilled water is omitted in.
Contrast groups 4：The method of be the same as Example 1, difference is：Modified bagasse powder defluorinate process step is eliminated, i.e.,
Eliminate step (2).
(2) Oil repellent in euphausia superba powder prepared by each group is determined, shrimp med yield is calculated.
As a result as shown in Table 9：The maximum effect for modified bagasse powder is contributed euphausia superba powder defluorination effect, its
Secondary, the pre- defluorinate processing of distilled water and water immersion etc. also have important influence to defluorination effect.
Table 9
| Group | Shrimp med Oil repellent | Shrimp med yield |
| Experimental group | 0.4mg/kg | 92% |
| Contrast groups 1 | 3.4mg/kg | 90% |
| Contrast groups 2 | 9.5mg/kg | 91% |
| Contrast groups 3 | 6.1mg/kg | 93% |
| Contrast groups 4 | 46mg/kg | 90% |
The preparation and application of the hyperchromic feed of gold medal dragonfish of embodiment 3
1st, the present invention is explored and verified by many experiments, draws a kind of special hyperchromic feed of golden dragonfish, is had to golden dragonfish
There is good color development hyperchromic effect, effect is notable, and attractant is good, can greatly improve resistance, survival rate.Specific implementation case
Under for example：
Experimental example 1：A kind of special hyperchromic feed of golden dragonfish, is made up of the component of following mass percent：Euphausia superba powder
25%th, FSPC 10%, cicada pupa powder 6%, barley worm powder 7%, Self- raising flour 10%, beer yeast powder 5%, starch
5%th, fairy shrimp 10%, spirulina 3%, soybean lecithin 3%, glycine betaine 3%, soya-bean oil 2%, vitamin mixtures 2%, mineral
Element mixture 3%, immunopotentiator 3%, Bifidobacterium 0.5%, plum blossom 1.5%, rhodotorula glutinis 0.5%, Red Pigment from Persimmon
0.5%.
Experimental example 2：A kind of special hyperchromic feed of golden dragonfish, is made up of the component of following mass percent：Euphausia superba powder
40%th, FSPC 8%, cicada pupa powder 5%, barley worm powder 6%, Self- raising flour 7%, beer yeast powder 5%, starch
7%th, fairy shrimp 8%, spirulina 2%, soybean lecithin 2%, glycine betaine 2%, soya-bean oil 1.5%, vitamin mixtures 1%, mineral
Element mixture 2%, immunopotentiator 1%, Bifidobacterium 0.5%, plum blossom 1%, rhodotorula glutinis 0.5%, Red Pigment from Persimmon
0.5%.
Experimental example 3：A kind of special hyperchromic feed of golden dragonfish, is made up of the component of following mass percent：Euphausia superba powder
12%th, FSPC 10%, cicada pupa powder 6%, barley worm powder 8%, Self- raising flour 10%, beer yeast powder 8%, starch
8%th, fairy shrimp 10%, spirulina 3%, soybean lecithin 3%, glycine betaine 3%, soya-bean oil 2%, vitamin mixtures 2.5%, ore deposit
Thing element mixture 4%, immunopotentiator 5%, Bifidobacterium 2%, plum blossom 1.5%, rhodotorula glutinis 1%, Red Pigment from Persimmon
1%.
Experimental example 4：A kind of special hyperchromic feed of golden dragonfish, is made up of the component of following mass percent：Euphausia superba powder
70%th, FSPC 2%, cicada pupa powder 1.8%, barley worm powder 2%, Self- raising flour 5%, beer yeast powder 2%, starch
2%th, fairy shrimp 4%, spirulina 2%, soybean lecithin 2%, glycine betaine 2%, soya-bean oil 1%, vitamin mixtures 1%, mineral member
Plain mixture 1%, immunopotentiator 1%, Bifidobacterium 0.5%, plum blossom 0.5%, rhodotorula glutinis 0.1%, Red Pigment from Persimmon
0.1%.
Experimental example 5：A kind of special hyperchromic feed of golden dragonfish, is made up of the component of following mass percent：Euphausia superba powder
5%th, FSPC 10%, cicada pupa powder 7%, barley worm powder 10%, Self- raising flour 10%, beer yeast powder 5%, starch
8%th, fairy shrimp 10%, spirulina 4%, soybean lecithin 4%, glycine betaine 4%, soya-bean oil 3%, vitamin mixtures 2%, mineral
Element mixture 4%, immunopotentiator 5%, Bifidobacterium 5%, plum blossom 2%, rhodotorula glutinis 1%, Red Pigment from Persimmon 1%.
Meanwhile, control group is set：Carp compound feed is viewed and admired as hyperchromic feed using purchased in market.The hyperchromic feed it is main
Composition is：Imported fish meal 15~20%, shrimp med 10~20%, corn protein powder 5~12%, flour 5~40%, Tubifex powder 3~
5%th, wheat embryo 2~3%, spirulina 3~6%, soya-bean oil 4~6%, trace element 0.1~0.3%, vitamin 0.1~
0.5%th, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2~3%, astaxanthin 0.3~0.5%.
2nd, in addition, to be also provided with contrast experiment as follows：
Comparative example 1：Substantially with experimental example 1, difference is euphausia superba powder being all changed to fish meal.
Comparative example 2：Substantially with experimental example 1, difference is all to change barley worm powder into cicada pupa powder.
Comparative example 3：Substantially with experimental example 1, difference is all to change cicada pupa powder into barley worm powder.
Comparative example 4：Substantially with experimental example 1, difference is that the consumption for improving cicada pupa powder is 15%.
Comparative example 5：Substantially with experimental example 1, difference is that the consumption for improving barley worm powder is 15%.
3rd, administering transgenic
(1) administering transgenic is carried out using the hyperchromic feed of above-mentioned each experimental example, comparative example.
Test place：Guangdong Jieyang plant of Guangdong Yuequn Ocean Biological Research Development Co., Ltd..
Experimental animal：The golden dragonfish fry of same batch hatching, cultivating is selected, is divided into 12 groups and is tested, every group of 3 weights
It is multiple, it is each to repeat 1000 tails or so fry.Data statistics is averaged.
Feeding management is operated according to conventional cultivation.Fed once every timing in 8 hours in daily, every group of increasing every time
Color feedstuff feeding amount is 1.5g.
(2) result is counted
Observation statistics fry ingests situation, and record has fry to start the time ingested first, and fry more than half opens
Begin the time ingested.In order to reduce error as far as possible, three batch datas of three repetitions of each group are complete by three personal responsibilities respectively
Into as a result taking the mean.
The survival rate of fry after statistics is calculated 45.
Record starts the color development hyperchromic time.
(3) result is as shown in table 10.From experimental result, in the special hyperchromic feed of golden dragonfish of the present invention, each group
Divide and its match the organic whole for foring the coordinating and unifying, especially euphausia superba powder, barley worm powder, cicada pupa powder, bifid bar
Bacterium, rhodotorula glutinis and Red Pigment from Persimmon show obvious synergistic function, and the hyperchromic effect of color development is notable, and can be notable
The attractant of feed is lifted, contributes to growing for fry.
Table 10
Influence of the Oil repellent of euphausia superba powder to golden dragonfish fry in the hyperchromic feed of embodiment 4
1st, based on the experimental example 1 in embodiment 3, using the euphausia superba powder of different Oil repellents as variable, preparing one is
Hyperchromic feed is arranged, is tested.Every group sets 3 repetitions, results averaged.
2nd, result is as shown in table 11
Table 11
Experimental result shows that euphausia superba powder Oil repellent height is not only there is fluorine in fish body the problem of high residue, and
And on fry grow and survival rate has obvious influence.When euphausia superba powder Oil repellent is higher, to the hair of golden dragonfish
Color is hyperchromic also obvious influence.
Influence of the variety classes high protein insect powder of embodiment 5 to golden dragonfish fry
1st, based on the experimental example 1 in embodiment 3, difference is to replace with cicada pupa powder and barley worm powder not
With the combination of insect albumen powder, a series of hyperchromic feeds are prepared, are tested.Wherein, dried silkworm chrysalis meal, fly maggot powder, cricket powder, honeybee
Pupa powder is that powder is made as raw material and is obtained using the silkworm chrysalis propagated artificially, fly maggot, cricket, bee pupa respectively.
Every group sets 3 repetitions, results averaged.Experimental design timing node is set to every 4 hour record once.
2nd, result is as shown in table 12
Table 12
Experimental result shown, variety classes high protein insect powder is hyperchromic to the color development of golden dragonfish to be had a certain impact but not
Significantly.In addition, golden dragonfish more preference cicada pupa powder, barley worm powder, dried silkworm chrysalis meal, bee pupa powder, with the group of cicada pupa powder and barley worm powder
It is combined into most preferably, to ingesting, growing preferably, therefore, considers each factor, present invention selection cicada pupa powder and barley worm powder
Combination.
Influence of the different types of microorganisms bacterium of embodiment 6 to golden dragonfish fry
1st, based on the experimental example 1 in embodiment 3, difference is Bifidobacterium is all changed to table 13 respectively
Shown strain.Every group sets 3 repetitions, results averaged.
2nd, result is as shown in table 13
Table 13
As a result show, different microorganisms strain is hyperchromic to the color development of golden dragonfish to be had a certain impact but not notable；Meanwhile,
To fry grow and survival rate has an impact, the attractant to fry also has a certain impact, using Bifidobacterium as most
It is good.
Influence of the use of the plant flowers of embodiment 7 to golden dragonfish fry
1st, based on the experimental example 1 in embodiment 3, difference is using different plant flowers as single argument, prepares one
The hyperchromic feed of series is tested.Every group sets 3 repetitions, results averaged, as shown in table 14.
Table 14
2nd, based on the experimental example 1 in embodiment 3, difference is using plum blossom consumption as single argument, prepares one and is
Hyperchromic feed is arranged to be tested.Every group sets 3 repetitions, results averaged, as shown in Table 15.
Table 15
Above experimental result shows, different plants spend the attractant effect to juvenile fish seedling to have significant difference, so that aobvious
Write growing and survival rate for the golden dragonfish fry of influence.Wherein, plum blossom has significant attractant effect to golden dragonfish fry, and
Have dose dependent, thus to golden dragonfish fry grow and survival rate has a certain impact.Meanwhile, plum blossom is to golden dragon
The color development of fish is hyperchromic also to be had a certain impact, maximum with lilac and peach blossom influence.Consider each factor, present invention selection
Plum blossom adds the hyperchromic feed of golden dragonfish.
Influence of the different pigments of embodiment 8 to golden dragonfish fry
Screened by substantial amounts of research, can promoting ornamental fish color development hyperchromic effect, significantly chromogenic plain bacterium has marsh
Red pseudomonas, monascus, rhodotorula glutinis etc., pigment have dragon fruit haematochrome, Red Pigment from Persimmon, Paprika, prodigiosin
Deng.
This experiment is based on the experimental example 1 in embodiment 3, and difference is with chromogenic plain bacterium of difference and not homochromy
Element is variable, prepares a series of hyperchromic feeds and is tested.Every group sets 3 repetitions, results averaged.
Claims (10)
1. application of the euphausia superba powder in terms of the hyperchromic feed of golden dragonfish is prepared.
2. application according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Oil repellent of the euphausia superba powder is 0~1mg/kg.
3. application according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the euphausia superba powder is prepared by the following method：
S1. krill keeps 5~15min, then be dipped in pH 4.6~5.0 steaming after pretreatment in 80~85 DEG C of water
In distilled water, ultrasound carries out pre- defluorinate processing；
S2. defluorinate processing is carried out using modified bagasse powder：Ratio according to 15~20g/L, which adds modified bagasse powder, distills
In water, regulation pH is 4.5~5.0, and krill is immersed, and is reacted under ultrasound condition；
S3. the krill after step S2 processing is soaked into 20~30min in 75~85 DEG C of distilled water, then 40~45 DEG C
Drying to water content is 20~40%, is 10~15% then at 50~55 DEG C of drying to water content；
S4. the krill of drying is crushed to fineness for 120~220 mesh, it is 1~5% then to dry to water content, obtains low
Fluorine euphausia superba powder；
Wherein, the preparation method of modified bagasse powder is described in step S2：
S21. bagasse powder is pulverized and sieved to obtain by bagasse drying or after drying；
S22. bagasse powder is soaked after 6~7h in 20~30% sodium hydroxide solutions, washing, filtering；
S23. the product after S22 is handled is soaked in 1.5~2g/L liquor potassic permanganates, 50~80 DEG C of 1.5~3h of reaction；
S24. the product after S23 is handled is washed, filters, dried, and produces modified bagasse powder.
4. a kind of special hyperchromic feed of golden dragonfish, it is characterised in that be made up of the component of following mass percent：Euphausia superba powder
5~70%, FSPC 1~20%, cicada pupa powder 1~7%, barley worm powder 1~10%, Self- raising flour 5~24%, brewer's yeast
Powder 2~10%, starch 1~10%, fairy shrimp 4~20%, spirulina 2~4%, soybean lecithin 2~4%, glycine betaine 2~4%, soya-bean oil 1
~3%, vitamin mixtures 1~2.5%, mineral element mixture 2~5%, immunopotentiator 1~5%, Bifidobacterium 0.5~5%,
Plum blossom 0.5~2%, rhodotorula glutinis 0.1~1%, Red Pigment from Persimmon 0.1~1%.
5. the special hyperchromic feed of golden dragonfish according to claim 4, it is characterised in that by the component of following mass percent
It is made：Euphausia superba powder 5~40%, FSPC 10~20%, cicada pupa powder 4~7%, barley worm powder 5~8%, Self- raising flour 8
~20%, beer yeast powder 5~8%, starch 5~8%, fairy shrimp 8~15%, spirulina 2~4%, soybean lecithin 2~4%, glycine betaine
2~4%, soya-bean oil 1.5~2.5%, vitamin mixtures 1~2.5%, mineral element mixture 2~5%, immunopotentiator 1~5%,
Bifidobacterium 0.5~2%, plum blossom 0.5~1.5%, rhodotorula glutinis 0.5~1%, Red Pigment from Persimmon 0.5~1%.
6. the special hyperchromic feed of golden dragonfish according to claim 4, it is characterised in that by the component of following mass percent
It is made：Euphausia superba powder 25%, FSPC 10%, cicada pupa powder 6%, barley worm powder 7%, Self- raising flour 10%, beer yeast powder
5%th, starch 5%, fairy shrimp 10%, spirulina 3%, soybean lecithin 3%, glycine betaine 3%, soya-bean oil 2%, vitamin mixtures 2%, mineral member
Plain mixture 3%, immunopotentiator 3%, Bifidobacterium 0.5%, plum blossom 1.5%, rhodotorula glutinis 0.5%, Red Pigment from Persimmon 0.5%.
7. according to any described special hyperchromic feed of golden dragonfish of claim 4~6, it is characterised in that the euphausia superba powder
Oil repellent be less than 1mg/kg.
8. according to any described special hyperchromic feed of golden dragonfish of claim 4~6, it is characterised in that the immunopotentiator
For：β -1,3 glucans and/or β -1,6 glucans.
9. according to any described special hyperchromic feed of golden dragonfish of claim 4~6, it is characterised in that the vitamin mixing
Thing includes：Vitamin A, vitamine D3, vitamin E, Vitamin K3, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin
B12, nicotinic acid, calcium pantothenate, biotin, inositol, folic acid, vitamin C.
10. according to any described special hyperchromic feed of golden dragonfish of claim 4~6, it is characterised in that the mineral element is mixed
Compound includes：Copper sulphate, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, cobalt chloride, sodium selenite, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109156390A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-01-08 | 海南儋州翔泰养殖有限公司 | A kind of gold dragonfish cultural method |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102139202A (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2011-08-03 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Cellulose base adsorption material used for removing arsenic ions and fluoric ions in water and preparation method thereof |
| CN103583931A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2014-02-19 | 山东师范大学 | Ultrasonic defluorination method for whole euphausia superba |
| CN104996784A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-10-28 | 浙江海洋学院 | Fish feed using euphausia superba as the main raw material and a preparation method thereof |
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2017
- 2017-04-28 CN CN201710295918.7A patent/CN107252007A/en not_active Withdrawn
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102139202A (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2011-08-03 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Cellulose base adsorption material used for removing arsenic ions and fluoric ions in water and preparation method thereof |
| CN103583931A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2014-02-19 | 山东师范大学 | Ultrasonic defluorination method for whole euphausia superba |
| CN104996784A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-10-28 | 浙江海洋学院 | Fish feed using euphausia superba as the main raw material and a preparation method thereof |
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| CN109156390A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-01-08 | 海南儋州翔泰养殖有限公司 | A kind of gold dragonfish cultural method |
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