CN107156427A - Application of the euphausia superba powder in terms of the hyperchromic feed of Poecilia is prepared - Google Patents

Application of the euphausia superba powder in terms of the hyperchromic feed of Poecilia is prepared Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107156427A
CN107156427A CN201710296985.0A CN201710296985A CN107156427A CN 107156427 A CN107156427 A CN 107156427A CN 201710296985 A CN201710296985 A CN 201710296985A CN 107156427 A CN107156427 A CN 107156427A
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powder
poecilia
euphausia superba
vitamin
hyperchromic
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Inventor
洪越群
洪宇建
洪宇聪
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GUANGDONG YUEQUN OCEAN BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
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GUANGDONG YUEQUN OCEAN BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
    • A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/174—Vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/22—Compounds of alkali metals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/30—Oligoelements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

Abstract

The invention discloses application of the euphausia superba powder in the hyperchromic feed of Poecilia is prepared and the hyperchromic feed of Poecilia.The hyperchromic feed is made up of the component of following mass ratio：Euphausia superba powder 5~75%, FSPC 1~20%, barley worm powder 1~8%, cricket powder 1~8%, Self- raising flour 1~20%, beer yeast powder 2~10%, starch 1~10%, fairy shrimp 4~20%, spirulina 2~4%, soybean lecithin 1~4%, glycine betaine 2~4%, soya-bean oil 1~3%, vitamin mixtures 1~3%, mineral element mixture 1~5%, immunopotentiator 1~5%, bacillus subtilis 0.1~4%, rose 1~3%, Rhodopseudomonas palustris 0.5~2%, prodigiosin 2~4%.The hyperchromic feed has the hyperchromic effect of good color development to Poecilia, and fish body edible 5 days can be in gorgeous color and colour-fast；Attractant is good, can improve immunity, anti-stress ability and survival rate.

Description

Application of the euphausia superba powder in terms of the hyperchromic feed of Poecilia is prepared
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aquaculture.The hyperchromic feeding of Poecilia is being prepared more particularly, to euphausia superba powder Application in terms of material.
Background technology
Aster ericoidus Medaka (Poecilia reticulata), popular name Poecilia is a kind of tropical fish of HuaMedaka sections Poecilia, The build and color difference of female milter are larger, and the adult milter bodily form is petite, and the splendid colorful, build of body colour is graceful, the figure with it Case is colorful, some shapes such as letter, claims foreign language peacock；Some picture snakes, claim snakeskin peacock；Have like leopard, claim leopard uropore Sparrow etc..Poecilia originates in the ground such as Venezuela of South America, Guyana, the West Indies, Brazilian the north, as viewing and admiring use Fish introduces countries in the world, has a sweet temper, can be raised together with gentle medium and small property type tropical fish, usually active active.
Therefore, the cultivation of Poecilia has important economic benefit, and is used as a kind of important fancy fishes, it is necessary to right Fish body progress is hyperchromic, so that fish body shows more bright-coloured beautiful color, the need for satisfaction is viewed and admired.
In addition, euphausia superba powder has preferably effect in terms of aquatic feeds, it is that one kind has before larger exploitation The high-quality resource of scape.But euphausia superba powder Oil repellent is high, this is also the problem of its maximum is most difficult to overcome place, and limiting it should With.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome being not enough to for the hyperchromic technology of color development in existing Poecilia breeding process And euphausia superba powder Oil repellent it is high the problem of, be prepared for the euphausia superba powder that Oil repellent is less than 1mg/kg, and then optimization is a kind of The special hyperchromic feed of Poecilia, has the hyperchromic effect of good color development to Poecilia, it 5 days or so can be in gorgeous face that fish body is edible Color and colour-fast, body line is graceful, color is beautiful, and has excellent food calling performance to Poecilia, easy to digest, not polluted water, Immunity, anti-stress ability are remarkably improved, survival rate is improved, the economic benefit of peacock fish culture is significantly improved, with fine Application prospect.
It is an object of the invention to provide application of the euphausia superba powder in terms of the hyperchromic feed of Poecilia is prepared, especially low fluorine Euphausia superba powder.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of special hyperchromic feed of Poecilia.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
Application of the euphausia superba powder in terms of the hyperchromic feed of Poecilia is prepared.
It is further preferred that the Oil repellent of the euphausia superba powder is 0~1mg/kg.
It is further preferred that the euphausia superba powder is prepared by the following method：
S1. krill keeps 5~15min, then be dipped in pH 4.6~5.0 after pretreatment in 80~85 DEG C of water Distilled water in, ultrasound carries out pre- defluorinate processing；
S2. defluorinate processing is carried out using modified bagasse powder：Modified bagasse powder is added according to 15~20g/L ratio In distilled water, regulation pH is 4.5~5.0, and krill is immersed, and is reacted under ultrasound condition；
S3. the krill after step S2 processing is soaked into 20~30min in 75~85 DEG C of distilled water, then 40~ 45 DEG C of drying to water content is 20~40%, is 10~15% then at 50~55 DEG C of drying to water content；
S4. the krill of drying is crushed to fineness for 120~220 mesh, it is 1~5% then to dry to water content, is obtained To low fluorine euphausia superba powder, Oil repellent is below 1mg/kg.
Wherein, the preparation method of modified bagasse powder is described in step S2：
S21. pulverized and sieved by bagasse drying or after drying, obtain bagasse powder；
S22. bagasse powder is soaked after 6~7h in 20~30% sodium hydroxide solutions, washing, filtering；
S23. the product after S22 is handled is soaked in 1.5~2g/L liquor potassic permanganates, 50~80 DEG C reaction 1.5~ 3h；
S24. the product after S23 is handled is washed, filters, dried, and produces modified bagasse powder.
Thaw, screen, clean furthermore it is preferred that being pre-processed described in step S1 and including hydrostatic successively.Wherein, screen preferred Want the full krill of screening high-quality in ground.
Preferably, condition ultrasonic described in step S1 is the ultrasonically treated 3~5h of 80~150W.
It is highly preferred that every 1 hour of step S1 ultrasonically treated periods changed first water.
Preferably, condition ultrasonic described in step S2 is the ultrasonically treated 2~3.5h of 80~150W.
In addition, the baking step of krill uses two step oven drying methods in step S3, krill meal yield can be significantly improved.
Not only Oil repellent is very low for low fluorine euphausia superba powder prepared by the above method, and very limits remain krill Active material and nutriment.The application of modified bagasse powder simultaneously also achieves twice laid and its value is reclaimed.
A kind of special hyperchromic feed of Poecilia, is made up of the component of following mass percent：Euphausia superba powder 5~75%, FSPC 1~20%, barley worm powder 1~8%, cricket powder 1~8%, Self- raising flour 1~20%, beer yeast powder 2~ 10%th, starch 1~10%, fairy shrimp 4~20%, spirulina 2~4%, soybean lecithin 1~4%, glycine betaine 2~4%, soya-bean oil 1 ~3%, vitamin mixtures 1~3%, mineral element mixture 1~5%, immunopotentiator 1~5%, bacillus subtilis 0.1~4%, rose 1~3%, Rhodopseudomonas palustris 0.5~2%, prodigiosin 2~4%.
Preferably, the special hyperchromic feed of described Poecilia is made up of the component of following mass percent：By following quality The component of percentage is made：Euphausia superba powder 15~36%, FSPC 10~20%, barley worm powder 3~7%, cricket Powder 3~7%, Self- raising flour 10~20%, beer yeast powder 5~8%, starch 5~8%, fairy shrimp 8~15%, spirulina 2~ 4%th, soybean lecithin 2~4%, glycine betaine 2~4%, soya-bean oil 1~2.5%, vitamin mixtures 1~2.5%, mineral element are mixed Compound 2~4%, immunopotentiator 2~4%, bacillus subtilis 1~3%, rose 2~3%, Rhodopseudomonas palustris 1~ 1.5%th, prodigiosin 2.5~3.5%.
It is highly preferred that the special hyperchromic feed of described Poecilia is made up of the component of following mass percent：Krill Powder 25%, FSPC 6%, barley worm powder 6%, cricket powder 6%, Self- raising flour 10%, beer yeast powder 5%, starch 7%th, fairy shrimp 8%, spirulina 3%, soybean lecithin 3%, glycine betaine 3%, soya-bean oil 2%, vitamin mixtures 2%, mineral member Plain mixture 2.5%, immunopotentiator 2.5%, bacillus subtilis 2%, rose 2.5%, Rhodopseudomonas palustris 1.5%th, prodigiosin 3%.
Wherein it is preferred to, the euphausia superba powder is low fluorine euphausia superba powder, and Oil repellent is less than 1mg/kg.
It is highly preferred that method is made low fluorine euphausia superba powder by mentioned earlier.
The cricket powder is made by raw material of the cricket propagated artificially obtained by powder.
Preferably, the immunopotentiator is：β -1,3 glucans and/or β -1,6 glucans.
Preferably, the vitamin mixtures include：Vitamin A, vitamine D3, vitamin E, Vitamin K3, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, nicotinic acid, calcium pantothenate, biotin, inositol, folic acid, vitamin C.
It is highly preferred that weight ratio of each vitamin component in total feed is as follows：35~45g/kg vitamin As, 2~4g/ Kg vitamine D3s, 65~75g/kg vitamin Es, 5~8g/kg Vitamin K3s, 35~45g/kg vitamin B1s, 2~5g/kg dimension lifes Plain B2,60~80g/kg vitamin B6s, 5~7g/kg vitamin B12s, 20~40g/kg nicotinic acid, 20~40g/kg calcium pantothenates, 0.2 ~0.25g/kg biotins, 180~280g/kg inositols, 5~8g/kg folic acid, 300~500g/kg vitamin Cs.
Preferably, the mineral element mixture includes：Copper sulphate, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, cobalt chloride, Asia Sodium selenate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate.
It is highly preferred that weight ratio of each vitamin component in total feed is as follows：20~40g/kg of copper sulphate, ferrous sulfate 40~50g/kg, 10~25g/kg of zinc sulfate, 5~10g/kg of manganese sulfate, 0.2~0.5g/kg of cobalt chloride, sodium selenite 0.2~ 0.5g/kg, 15~20g/kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 15~20g/kg of sodium dihydrogen phosphate.
In the formula of the special hyperchromic feed of Poecilia of the present invention, material is feed grade, described mineral element mixing Thing is that its component is well mixed.Described vitamin mixtures are that its component is well mixed.
Specifically, the preparation method of the special hyperchromic feed of Poecilia is as follows：
(1) according to the content of each component in formula, each component is weighed；
(2) by euphausia superba powder, FSPC, barley worm powder, cricket powder, beer yeast powder, starch, Self- raising flour With the mixing of mineral element mixture, 50~250 mesh are crushed to, are stirred for uniformly, obtaining powder；
(3) fairy shrimp, spirulina, rose are homogenized to 50~250 mesh through colloid mill, then wherein add glycine betaine, Soybean lecithin, soya-bean oil, vitamin mixtures, bacillus subtilis, immunopotentiator, Rhodopseudomonas palustris and prodigiosin, Emulsification homogenate is carried out, emulsion is obtained；
(4) powder of step (2) and the emulsion of step (3) are mixed, adds water and size mixing, water is raw material gross mass 30~50%, through roller drying, drying temperature is 100~200 DEG C, then vacuum dried, and vacuum is 60~90kPa, cold again But the hyperchromic feed of finished product is obtained afterwards.
The present invention has shown that a kind of modified bagasse is used to handle krill, and pin by substantial amounts of research and exploration Preparation to euphausia superba powder, especially in terms of focusing on reduction Oil repellent and ensureing the reservation to greatest extent of active material, takes Obtained preferable achievement.The Preference and nutritional need that have studied different fish are taken into account simultaneously, substantial amounts of screening study work has been done Make, have developed a kind of special hyperchromic feed of Poecilia, there is good color development hyperchromic effect and attractant to Poecilia Poecilia.
The invention has the advantages that：
Low fluorine euphausia superba powder Oil repellent prepared by the present invention can be less than 1mg/kg, for the development and application of euphausia superba powder With significant meaning.And the twice laid of bagasse, value recovery are also achieved, with important economic value and environmental protection Meaning.
The special hyperchromic feed of Poecilia that the present invention is provided has the hyperchromic effect of good color development to Poecilia, and fish body is eaten Can be within 5 days or so gorgeous color and colour-fast, fine figure, color are beautiful, and sight is good.
Meanwhile, the hyperchromic feed has excellent food calling performance to Poecilia, easy to digest, is remarkably improved exempting from for Poecilia Epidemic disease power, anti-stress ability, improve survival rate；And raw material sources are reliable, not polluted water, steady quality, safety, feed manipulation letter Just, the economic benefit of peacock fish culture can be improved, with good application prospect.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but embodiment does not do any type of to the present invention Limit.Unless stated otherwise, the reagent of the invention used, method and apparatus is the art conventional reagent, methods and apparatus.
Unless stated otherwise, following examples agents useful for same and material are purchased in market.
Embodiment 1 prepares low fluorine euphausia superba powder
1st, modified bagasse powder is prepared：
(1) bagasse powder is pulverized and sieved to obtain by bagasse drying or after drying；
(2) bagasse powder is soaked after 6.5h in 25% sodium hydroxide solution, washing, filtering；
(3) it is soaked in again in 1.7g/L liquor potassic permanganates, 60 DEG C of reaction 2h；
(4) product after (3) are handled, washs, filters, dries, produce modified bagasse powder.
2nd, low fluorine euphausia superba powder is prepared：
(1) after krill thaws through hydrostatic, screened, cleans, 10min is kept in 80 DEG C of water, then be dipped in pH 4.8 steaming In distilled water, the ultrasonically treated 4h of 100W carry out pre- defluorinate processing, change first water within every 1 hour during processing；
(2) defluorinate processing is carried out using modified bagasse powder：Ratio according to 20g/L, which adds modified bagasse powder, distills In water, regulation pH is 4.5, and krill is immersed, 3h is reacted under 100W ultrasound conditions；
(3) krill after step (2) processing is soaked into 25min in 80 DEG C of distilled water, then dried extremely for 45 DEG C Water content is 30%, is 10% then at 55 DEG C of drying to water content；
(4) krill of drying is crushed to fineness for 120~220 mesh, it is 1~5% then to dry to water content, is obtained To low fluorine euphausia superba powder.
3rd, by experimental test verification, the Oil repellent of euphausia superba powder is less than 1mg/kg, and shrimp med yield can reach 90% More than.Moreover, can also very limits reservation krill bioactive substance and nutriment.
The low fluorine euphausia superba powder optimum preparation condition of embodiment 2
1st, influence of the modified bagasse powder to euphausia superba powder Oil repellent
(1) influence of the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution to Oil repellent in krill meal
According to the method that modified bagasse powder is prepared in embodiment 1, using concentration of sodium hydroxide solution as single argument, one is prepared Series modified bagasse powder.A series of euphausia superba powders are obtained according still further to the method that euphausia superba powder is prepared in embodiment 1.Determine Oil repellent in euphausia superba powder, calculates shrimp med yield.
As a result as shown in table 1, when concentration of sodium hydroxide solution is 25~35%, the Oil repellent of euphausia superba powder is lower.
Influence of the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution to Oil repellent in krill meal when the bagasse powder of table 1 is modified
NaOH solution concentration Shrimp med Oil repellent Shrimp med yield
5% 12mg/kg 92%
10% 13mg/kg 94%
15% 8mg/kg 93%
20% 5mg/kg 96%
25% 0.5mg/kg 97%
30% 0.8mg/kg 95%
35% 1mg/kg 92%
40% 11mg/kg 90%
45% 23mg/kg 91%
(2) influence of the liquor potassic permanganate concentration to Oil repellent in krill meal
According to the method that modified bagasse powder is prepared in embodiment 1, using liquor potassic permanganate concentration as single argument, one is prepared Series modified bagasse powder.A series of euphausia superba powders are obtained according still further to the method that euphausia superba powder is prepared in embodiment 1.Determine Oil repellent in euphausia superba powder, calculates shrimp med yield.
As a result as shown in table 2, when liquor potassic permanganate concentration is 1.5~2.2g/L, the Oil repellent of euphausia superba powder is more It is low.
Influence of the liquor potassic permanganate concentration to Oil repellent in krill meal when the bagasse powder of table 2 is modified
KMnO4Solution concentration Shrimp med Oil repellent Shrimp med yield
1g/L 10mg/kg 91%
1.1g/L 12mg/kg 92%
1.3g/L 5mg/kg 94%
1.5g/L 1mg/kg 95%
1.7g/L 0.5mg/kg 97%
1.9g/L 0.6mg/kg 96%
2.0g/L 0.9mg/kg 93%
2.2g/L 1mg/kg 91%
2.4g/L 23mg/kg 90%
(3) influence of the NaOH solution soak time to Oil repellent in krill meal
According to the method that modified bagasse powder is prepared in embodiment 1, using sodium hydroxide solution soak time as single argument, system A series of standby modified bagasse powder.A series of euphausia superba powders are obtained according still further to the method that euphausia superba powder is prepared in embodiment 1. Oil repellent in euphausia superba powder is determined, shrimp med yield is calculated.
As a result as shown in table 3, when sodium hydroxide solution soak time is 5.5~7.5h, the Oil repellent of euphausia superba powder It is lower.
Influence of the NaOH solution soak time to Oil repellent in krill meal when the bagasse powder of table 3 is modified
NaOH solution soak time Shrimp med Oil repellent Shrimp med yield
4.0h 2.6mg/kg 91%
5.0h 3mg/kg 93%
5.5h 1.1mg/kg 92%
6.0h 1.2mg/kg 95%
6.5h 0.6mg/kg 96%
7.0h 0.8mg/kg 97%
7.5h 1mg/kg 90%
8.0h 3.1mg/kg 92%
9.0h 3.0mg/kg 91%
(4)KMnO4Solution soaks influence of the reaction temperature to Oil repellent in krill meal
According to the method that modified bagasse powder is prepared in embodiment 1, reaction temperature is soaked to be monotropic using liquor potassic permanganate Amount, prepares a series of modified bagasse powder.A series of South Pole phosphorus are obtained according still further to the method that euphausia superba powder is prepared in embodiment 1 Shrimp med.Oil repellent in euphausia superba powder is determined, shrimp med yield is calculated.
As a result as shown in table 4, when liquor potassic permanganate immersion reaction temperature is 40~80 DEG C, the fluorine of euphausia superba powder contains Amount is lower.
The KMnO when bagasse powder of table 4 is modified4Solution soaks influence of the reaction temperature to Oil repellent in krill meal
(5) in addition, by multifactor Variable Selection, as a result showing, bagasse powder method of modifying condition is：Sodium hydroxide is molten Liquid concentration is 20~30%, and soak time soaks 6~7h；Liquor potassic permanganate concentration is 1.5~2g/L, 50~80 DEG C of reactions 1.5~3h.Optimal bagasse powder method of modifying condition is as shown in the Examples.
2nd, influence of the euphausia superba powder defluorinate condition to krill meal Oil repellent
(1) krill pre-processes the influence to krill meal Oil repellent
Experiment display, after krill is thawed, should screen full, coloury krill, first be soaked after cleaning up with hot water Bubble, water temperature is advisable with 80~85 DEG C, soaks 5~15min.
(2) influence of the pH value of pre- defluorinate processing distilled water used to euphausia superba powder Oil repellent
According to the method that euphausia superba powder is prepared in embodiment 1, the pH value of distilled water used is handled to be monotropic using pre- defluorinate Amount, is made a series of euphausia superba powders.Oil repellent in euphausia superba powder is determined, shrimp med yield is calculated.
As a result as shown in table 5, when the pH value that pre- defluorinate handles distilled water used is 4.8~5.2, the fluorine of euphausia superba powder Content is lower.
Influence of the pH value of the pre- defluorinate of table 5 processing distilled water used to krill meal Oil repellent
(3) influence of the consumption of defluorinate processing modified bagasse powder used to euphausia superba powder Oil repellent
According to the method that euphausia superba powder is prepared in embodiment 1, using defluorinate handle the consumption of modified bagasse powder used as Single argument, is made a series of euphausia superba powders.Oil repellent in euphausia superba powder is determined, shrimp med yield is calculated.
As a result as shown in table 6, when defluorinate processing modified bagasse powder consumption used is 15~20g/L, euphausia superba powder Oil repellent it is lower.
Influence of the pH value of the pre- defluorinate of table 6 processing distilled water used to krill meal Oil repellent
Modified bagasse powder consumption Shrimp med Oil repellent Shrimp med yield
5g/L 25mg/kg 93%
10g/L 12mg/kg 92%
11g/L 8mg/kg 94%
12g/L 3mg/kg 95%
13g/L 2mg/kg 96%
14g/L 1.8mg/kg 94%
15g/L 0.9mg/kg 93%
16g/L 0.7mg/kg 95%
17g/L 0.5mg/kg 97%
18g/L 0.7mg/kg 95%
19g/L 0.6mg/kg 93%
20g/L 0.7mg/kg 91%
21g/L 0.8mg/kg 92%
(4) influence of the pH value of solution to krill meal Oil repellent when the defluorinate of modified bagasse powder is handled
According to the method that euphausia superba powder is prepared in embodiment 1, the pH value of solution when being handled with the defluorinate of modified bagasse powder For single argument, a series of euphausia superba powders are made.Oil repellent in euphausia superba powder is determined, shrimp med yield is calculated.
As a result as shown in table 7, when when the defluorinate of modified bagasse powder is handled, the pH value of solution is 4.5~5.0, krill The Oil repellent of powder is lower.
Influence of the pH value of solution to krill meal Oil repellent when the modified bagasse powder defluorinate of table 7 is handled
The pH value of pre- defluorinate processing distilled water used Shrimp med Oil repellent Shrimp med yield
2.0 21mg/kg 90%
2.5 23mg/kg 91%
3.0 15mg/kg 92%
3.5 6.8mg/kg 93%
4.0 4.3mg/kg 94%
4.5 0.7mg/kg 95%
5.0 0.8mg/kg 93%
5.5 2.3mg/kg 92%
6.0 5.8mg/kg 94%
6.5 9.6mg/kg 93%
(5) influence of the modified bagasse powder defluorinate processing reaction time to krill meal Oil repellent
According to the method that euphausia superba powder is prepared in embodiment 1, the reaction time is handled to be single using the defluorinate of modified bagasse powder Variable, is made a series of euphausia superba powders.Oil repellent in euphausia superba powder is determined, shrimp med yield is calculated.
As a result as shown in table 8, when the modified bagasse powder defluorinate processing reaction time is 2~4, the fluorine of euphausia superba powder contains Amount is lower.
The modified bagasse powder defluorinate of table 8 handles influence of the reaction time to krill meal Oil repellent
The defluorinate of modified bagasse powder handles the reaction time Shrimp med Oil repellent Shrimp med yield
0.5h 26mg/kg 90%
1.0h 15mg/kg 91%
1.5h 8mg/kg 92%
2.0h 2.0mg/kg 93%
2.5h 0.9mg/kg 94%
3.0h 0.7mg/kg 95%
3.5h 0.5mg/kg 93%
4.0h 0.6mg/kg 92%
4.5h 1.6mg/kg 94%
5.0h 3.5mg/kg 93%
(6) in addition, being shown by multifactor Variable Selection result, the preparation process condition of low fluorine euphausia superba powder is：In advance The pH value of defluorinate processing distilled water used is 4.5~5.0, and defluorinate processing modified bagasse powder consumption used is 15~20g/L, is changed Property bagasse powder defluorinate processing when solution pH value be 4.5~5.0, the modified bagasse powder defluorinate processing reaction time is 2~ 3.5h when.The preparation process condition of optimal low fluorine euphausia superba powder is as described in Example 1.
3rd, defluorination process contrast test
(1) low fluorine euphausia superba powder is prepared, experiment is set：
Experimental group：Embodiment 1.
Contrast groups 1：The method of be the same as Example 1, difference is：In step (1), after krill screening, cleaning, omit " the step of keeping 10min " in 80 DEG C of water.
Contrast groups 2：The method of be the same as Example 1, difference is：In step (1), the pre- defluorinate processing of distilled water is eliminated Step (eliminate " in the distilled water for being dipped in pH 4.8 again, the pre- defluorinate processing of the ultrasonically treated 4h progress of 100W, every 1 during processing Hour changes first water ").
Contrast groups 3：The method of be the same as Example 1, difference is：Modified bagasse powder is carried out after defluorinate processing, step (3) In " the step of soaking 25min " in 80 DEG C of distilled water is omitted.
Contrast groups 4：The method of be the same as Example 1, difference is：Modified bagasse powder defluorinate process step is eliminated, i.e., Eliminate step (2).
(2) Oil repellent in euphausia superba powder prepared by each group is determined, shrimp med yield is calculated.
As a result as shown in Table 9：The maximum effect for modified bagasse powder is contributed euphausia superba powder defluorination effect, its Secondary, the pre- defluorinate processing of distilled water and water immersion etc. also have important influence to defluorination effect.
Table 9
Group Shrimp med Oil repellent Shrimp med yield
Experimental group 0.4mg/kg 92%
Contrast groups 1 3.4mg/kg 90%
Contrast groups 2 9.5mg/kg 91%
Contrast groups 3 6.1mg/kg 93%
Contrast groups 4 46mg/kg 90%
The preparation and application of the hyperchromic feed of the Poecilia of embodiment 3
1st, the present invention is explored and verified by many experiments, draws a kind of special hyperchromic feed of Poecilia, is had to Poecilia There is good color development hyperchromic effect, effect is notable, and attractant is good, can greatly improve resistance, survival rate.Case is embodied It is as follows：
Experimental example 1：A kind of special hyperchromic feed of Poecilia, is made up of the component of following mass percent：Euphausia superba powder 25%th, FSPC 6%, barley worm powder 6%, cricket powder 6%, Self- raising flour 10%, beer yeast powder 5%, starch 7%th, fairy shrimp 8%, spirulina 3%, soybean lecithin 3%, glycine betaine 3%, soya-bean oil 2%, vitamin mixtures 2%, mineral member Plain mixture 2.5%, immunopotentiator 2.5%, bacillus subtilis 2%, rose 2.5%, Rhodopseudomonas palustris 1.5%th, prodigiosin 3%.
Experimental example 2：A kind of special hyperchromic feed of Poecilia, is made up of the component of following mass percent：Euphausia superba powder 36%th, FSPC 10%, barley worm powder 3%, cricket powder 3%, Self- raising flour 8%, beer yeast powder 5%, starch 7%th, fairy shrimp 9.5%, spirulina 2%, soybean lecithin 2%, glycine betaine 2%, soya-bean oil 1%, vitamin mixtures 1%, mineral Element mixture 2%, immunopotentiator 2%, bacillus subtilis 1%, rose 2%, Rhodopseudomonas palustris 1%, clever bacterium Red pigment 2.5%.
Experimental example 3：A kind of special hyperchromic feed of Poecilia, is made up of the component of following mass percent：Euphausia superba powder 15%th, FSPC 8%, barley worm powder 7%, cricket powder 7%, Self- raising flour 8%, beer yeast powder 6%, starch 8%, Fairy shrimp 8%, spirulina 3%, soybean lecithin 3%, glycine betaine 3%, soya-bean oil 2.5%, vitamin mixtures 2.5%, mineral member Plain mixture 4%, immunopotentiator 4%, bacillus subtilis 3%, rose 3%, Rhodopseudomonas palustris 1.5%, clever bacterium Red pigment 3.5%.
Experimental example 4：A kind of special hyperchromic feed of Poecilia, is made up of the component of following mass percent：Euphausia superba powder 75%th, FSPC 2.4%, barley worm powder 1%, cricket powder 1%, Self- raising flour 1%, beer yeast powder 2%, starch 1%th, fairy shrimp 4%, spirulina 2%, soybean lecithin 1%, glycine betaine 2%, soya-bean oil 1%, vitamin mixtures 1%, mineral member Plain mixture 1%, immunopotentiator 1%, bacillus subtilis 0.1%, rose 1%, Rhodopseudomonas palustris 0.5%, spirit Bacterioruberin 2%.
Experimental example 5：A kind of special hyperchromic feed of Poecilia, is made up of the component of following mass percent：Euphausia superba powder 5%th, FSPC 10%, barley worm powder 8%, cricket powder 8%, Self- raising flour 4%, beer yeast powder 4%, starch 10%th, fairy shrimp 10%, spirulina 4%, soybean lecithin 4%, glycine betaine 4%, soya-bean oil 3%, vitamin mixtures 3%, mineral Element mixture 5%, immunopotentiator 5%, bacillus subtilis 4%, rose 3%, Rhodopseudomonas palustris 2%, clever bacterium Red pigment 4%.
Meanwhile, control group is set：Carp compound feed is viewed and admired as hyperchromic feed using purchased in market.The hyperchromic feed it is main into It is divided into：Imported fish meal 15~20%, shrimp med 10~20%, corn protein powder 5~12%, flour 5~40%, Tubifex powder 3~ 5%th, wheat embryo 2~3%, spirulina 3~6%, soya-bean oil 4~6%, trace element 0.1~0.3%, vitamin 0.1~ 0.5%th, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2~3%, astaxanthin 0.3~0.5%.
2nd, in addition, to be also provided with contrast experiment as follows：
Comparative example 1：Substantially with experimental example 1, difference is euphausia superba powder being all changed to fish meal.
Comparative example 2：Substantially with experimental example 1, difference is all to change cricket powder into barley worm powder.
Comparative example 3：Substantially with experimental example 1, difference is all to change barley worm powder into cricket powder.
Comparative example 4：Substantially with experimental example 1, difference is that the consumption for improving barley worm powder is 15%.
Comparative example 5：Substantially with experimental example 1, difference is that the consumption for improving cricket powder is 15%.
3rd, administering transgenic
(1) administering transgenic is carried out using the hyperchromic feed of above-mentioned each experimental example, comparative example.
Test place：Guangdong Jieyang plant of Guangdong Yuequn Ocean Biological Research Development Co., Ltd..
Experimental animal：The Poecilia fry of same batch hatching, cultivating is selected, is divided into 12 groups and is tested, every group of 3 weights It is multiple, it is each to repeat 1000 tails or so fry.Data statistics is averaged.
Feeding management is operated according to conventional cultivation.Fed once every timing in 8 hours in daily, every group each hyperchromic Feedstuff feeding amount is 1.5g.
(2) result is counted
Observation statistics fry ingests situation, and record has fry to start the time ingested first, and fry more than half opens Begin the time ingested.In order to reduce error as far as possible, three batch datas of three repetitions of each group are completed by three personal responsibilities respectively, As a result take the mean.
The survival rate of fry after statistics is calculated 45.
Record starts the color development hyperchromic time.
(3) result is as shown in table 10.From experimental result, in the special hyperchromic feed of Poecilia of the present invention, each group Divide and its match the organic whole for foring the coordinating and unifying, especially euphausia superba powder, cricket powder, barley worm powder, withered grass gemma Bacillus, Rhodopseudomonas palustris and prodigiosin show obvious synergistic function, and the hyperchromic effect of color development is notable, and can The attractant of feed is obviously improved, contributes to growing for fry.
Table 10
Influence of the Oil repellent of euphausia superba powder to Poecilia fry in the hyperchromic feed of embodiment 4
1st, based on the experimental example 1 in embodiment 3, using the euphausia superba powder of different Oil repellents as variable, preparing one is Hyperchromic feed is arranged, is tested.Every group sets 3 repetitions, results averaged.
2nd, result is as shown in table 11
Table 11
Experimental result shows that euphausia superba powder Oil repellent height is not only there is fluorine in fish body the problem of high residue, and And on fry grow and survival rate has obvious influence.When euphausia superba powder Oil repellent is higher, to the hair of Poecilia Color is hyperchromic also obvious influence.
Influence of the variety classes high protein insect powder of embodiment 5 to Poecilia fry
1st, based on the experimental example 1 in embodiment 3, difference is barley worm powder and cricket powder replacing with difference The combination of insect albumen powder, prepares a series of hyperchromic feeds, is tested.Wherein, dried silkworm chrysalis meal, fly maggot powder, cicada pupa powder, bee pupa powder It is that powder is made as raw material and obtains using the silkworm chrysalis propagated artificially, fly maggot, cicada pupa, bee pupa respectively.
Every group sets 3 repetitions, results averaged.Experimental design timing node is set to every 4 hour record once.
2nd, result is as shown in table 12
Table 12
Experimental result shown, variety classes high protein insect powder is hyperchromic to the color development of Poecilia to be had a certain impact.In addition, The combination of Poecilia more preference barley worm powder and cricket powder, ration size more preferably, to growing with more preferable facilitation effect, Therefore, each factor, the combination of present invention selection barley worm powder and cricket powder are considered.
Influence of the different types of microorganisms bacterium of embodiment 6 to Poecilia fry
1st, based on the experimental example 1 in embodiment 3, difference is bacillus subtilis is all changed into table respectively Strain shown in 13.Every group sets 3 repetitions, results averaged.
2nd, result is as shown in table 13
Table 13
As a result show, different microorganisms strain is hyperchromic to the color development of Poecilia to be had a certain impact；Meanwhile, fry is lured Feeding habits also have a certain impact, and growing and survival rate for influence fry, is optimal using bacillus subtilis.
Influence of the use of the plant flowers of embodiment 7 to Poecilia fry
1st, based on the experimental example 1 in embodiment 3, difference is using different plant flowers as single argument, prepares one The hyperchromic feed of series is tested.Every group sets 3 repetitions, results averaged, as shown in table 14.
Table 14
2nd, based on the experimental example 1 in embodiment 3, difference is using rose consumption as single argument, prepares one The hyperchromic feed of series is tested.Every group sets 3 repetitions, results averaged, as shown in Table 15.
Table 15
Above experimental result shows, different plants spend the attractant effect to juvenile fish seedling to have significant difference, so that aobvious Write growing and survival rate for influence Poecilia fry.Wherein, rose has significant attractant effect to Poecilia fry, and Have dose dependent, thus to Poecilia fry grow and survival rate has a certain impact.Meanwhile, plant flowers are to peacock The color development of fish is hyperchromic also to be had a certain impact, and influences maximum with rose, lilac and plum blossom.Consider each factor, this hair Bright selection rose adds the hyperchromic feed of Poecilia.
Influence of the different pigments of embodiment 8 to Poecilia fry
Screened by substantial amounts of research, can promoting ornamental fish color development hyperchromic effect, significantly chromogenic plain bacterium has marsh red Pseudomonad, monascus, rhodotorula glutinis etc., pigment have dragon fruit haematochrome, Red Pigment from Persimmon, Paprika, prodigiosin etc.；And Both can show certain synergistic function by suitable use cooperatively.
This experiment is based on the experimental example 1 in embodiment 3, and difference is with different chromogenic plain bacterium and different pigments For variable, prepare a series of hyperchromic feeds and tested.Every group sets 3 repetitions, results averaged, as shown in table 16.
Table 16
As a result show, under the premise of ensureing that attractant is more preferable, for promoting Poecilia color development hyperchromic effect most significant For Rhodopseudomonas palustris and prodigiosin.
Above-described embodiment is preferably embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment of the invention Limitation, other any Spirit Essences without departing from the present invention and the change made under principle, modification, replacement, combine, simplification, Equivalent substitute mode is should be, should be all included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. application of the euphausia superba powder in terms of the hyperchromic feed of Poecilia is prepared.
2. application according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Oil repellent of the euphausia superba powder is 0~1mg/kg.
3. application according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the euphausia superba powder is prepared by the following method：
S1. krill keeps 5~15min, then be dipped in pH 4.6~5.0 steaming after pretreatment in 80~85 DEG C of water In distilled water, ultrasound carries out pre- defluorinate processing；
S2. defluorinate processing is carried out using modified bagasse powder：Ratio according to 15~20g/L, which adds modified bagasse powder, distills In water, regulation pH is 4.5~5.0, and krill is immersed, and is reacted under ultrasound condition；
S3. the krill after step S2 processing is soaked into 20~30min in 75~85 DEG C of distilled water, then 40~45 DEG C Drying to water content is 20~40%, is 10~15% then at 50~55 DEG C of drying to water content；
S4. the krill of drying is crushed to fineness for 120~220 mesh, it is 1~5% then to dry to water content, obtains low Fluorine euphausia superba powder；
Wherein, the preparation method of modified bagasse powder is described in step S2：
S21. bagasse powder is pulverized and sieved to obtain by bagasse drying or after drying；
S22. bagasse powder is soaked after 6~7h in 20~30% sodium hydroxide solutions, washing, filtering；
S23. the product after S22 is handled is soaked in 1.5~2g/L liquor potassic permanganates, 50~80 DEG C of 1.5~3h of reaction；
S24. the product after S23 is handled is washed, filters, dried, and produces modified bagasse powder.
4. a kind of special hyperchromic feed of Poecilia, it is characterised in that be made up of the component of following mass percent：Euphausia superba powder 5~75%, FSPC 1~20%, barley worm powder 1~8%, cricket powder 1~8%, Self- raising flour 1~20%, beer yeast powder 2~10%, starch 1~10%, fairy shrimp 4~20%, spirulina 2~4%, soybean lecithin 1~4%, glycine betaine 2~4%, soya-bean oil 1~ 3%th, vitamin mixtures 1~3%, mineral element mixture 1~5%, immunopotentiator 1~5%, bacillus subtilis 0.1~4%, Rose 1~3%, Rhodopseudomonas palustris 0.5~2%, prodigiosin 2~4%.
5. the special hyperchromic feed of Poecilia according to claim 4, it is characterised in that by the component of following mass percent It is made：Euphausia superba powder 15~36%, FSPC 10~20%, barley worm powder 3~7%, cricket powder 3~7%, Self- raising flour 10~20%, beer yeast powder 5~8%, starch 5~8%, fairy shrimp 8~15%, spirulina 2~4%, soybean lecithin 2~4%, beet Alkali 2~4%, soya-bean oil 1~2.5%, vitamin mixtures 1~2.5%, mineral element mixture 2~4%, immunopotentiator 2~4%, Bacillus subtilis 1~3%, rose 2~3%, Rhodopseudomonas palustris 1~1.5%, prodigiosin 2.5~3.5%.
6. the special hyperchromic feed of Poecilia according to claim 4, it is characterised in that by the component of following mass percent It is made：Euphausia superba powder 25%, FSPC 6%, barley worm powder 6%, cricket powder 6%, Self- raising flour 10%, beer yeast powder 5%th, starch 7%, fairy shrimp 8%, spirulina 3%, soybean lecithin 3%, glycine betaine 3%, soya-bean oil 2%, vitamin mixtures 2%, mineral member Plain mixture 2.5%, immunopotentiator 2.5%, bacillus subtilis 2%, rose 2.5%, Rhodopseudomonas palustris 1.5%, clever bacterium Red pigment 3%.
7. according to any described special hyperchromic feed of Poecilia of claim 4~6, it is characterised in that the euphausia superba powder Oil repellent be less than 1mg/kg.
8. according to any described special hyperchromic feed of Poecilia of claim 4~6, it is characterised in that the immunopotentiator For：β -1,3 glucans and/or β -1,6 glucans.
9. according to any described special hyperchromic feed of Poecilia of claim 4~6, it is characterised in that the vitamin mixing Thing includes：Vitamin A, vitamine D3, vitamin E, Vitamin K3, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, nicotinic acid, calcium pantothenate, biotin, inositol, folic acid, vitamin C.
10. according to any described special hyperchromic feed of Poecilia of claim 4~6, it is characterised in that the mineral element is mixed Compound includes：Copper sulphate, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, cobalt chloride, sodium selenite, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate.
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