CN107245094B - 一种抗氧化肽及其分离制备方法和用途 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种抗氧化肽及其分离制备方法和用途,该抗氧化肽氨基酸序列为Pro‑Ala‑Tyr‑Cys‑Ser,其分离制备方法包括如下步骤:将凤尾鱼加混合酶酶解得到酶解液,酶解液上Sephadex G‑25凝胶柱洗脱,收集各洗脱峰并分别测定其超氧阴离子自由基清除能力,清除能力最高的组分采用反相高效液相色谱进一步纯化,收集各洗脱峰,超氧阴离子自由基清除能力最高的组分即为本发明的多肽。本发明采用生物酶解技术及色谱分离技术制备出一种具有明显超氧阴离子清除能力的蛋白肽,制备方法简单可行,制得的产品纯度高。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于蛋白质精深加工领域,具体涉及一种抗氧化肽及其分离制备方法和用途。
背景技术
研究表明,人类神经退行性疾病,例如,阿兹海默症、帕金森症等与大脑神经元有密切的关系。到目前为止,科研工作者们发现人类退行性疾病的病理非常复杂。氧化应激是指体内生成的自由基超过机体内源性抗氧化能力的平衡点,从而导致组织和细胞氧化损伤的过程,这与神经退行性疾病的发病密切相关。在众多病例中,研究对大脑氧化应激的抗氧化作用成为了人们预防、改善或治疗神经退行性疾病的突破点。超氧阴离子会在金属离子催化下发生Fenton(芬顿)反应产生高活性的·OH。故实验中超氧自由基清除率可以评价抗氧化剂清除活性氧的能力。
另外,食物来源的相关成分已成为预防和/或治疗神经退行性疾病及抑郁等病症的潜在目标。特别是老年痴呆症,日常饮食治疗更能够避免药物干预治疗的不利因素。在众多食物来源的研究对象中,多肽类物质因具有来源广泛、制备工艺简单、无副作用、易被人体吸收等优点,逐渐成为人们研究的热点。
有研究表明食源性抗氧化成分可以有效维持氧化与抗氧化之间的平衡,如食源性抗氧化蛋白及其分解得到的抗氧化多肽吸引越来越多的关注。从花生、大豆、发酵乳饮料以及鱼皮蛋白酶解产物中分离获得多种多肽,已经被证实具有抗氧化作用。其中,猪脑经水解获得的含有85%游离氨基酸和15%低分子多肽的脑活素(市场产品)具有改善记忆、抗氧化、保护神经细胞的作用。
发明内容
本发明的首要目的在于提供一种抗氧化肽,其氨基酸序列为Pro-Ala-Tyr-Cys-Ser。
本发明的另一目的在于提供上述多肽的分离制备方法。
本发明的再一目的在于提供上述多肽的用途。
本发明的目的通过下述技术方案实现:
一种多肽,其氨基酸序列为Pro-Ala-Tyr-Cys-Ser,分子量为539.20Da,具有明显的超氧阴离子清除效果,具有抗氧化功效。
上述多肽的分离制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将凤尾鱼去头去内脏,绞成肉糜,加水混合,加入占肉糜质量0.5~1.2%的混合酶,在45-60℃下酶解6~10h后,灭酶,冷却至室温后,离心,过滤收集滤液,为凤尾鱼酶解液;
步骤(1)所述的加水混合,水与肉糜的质量比为(1~3):1;
步骤(1)所述的混合酶,由木瓜蛋白酶和碱性蛋白酶组成;其中木瓜蛋白酶占肉糜质量的0.2~0.5%,碱性蛋白酶占肉糜质量的0.3~0.7%;所述的碱性蛋白酶优选Alcalase 2.4L;
步骤(1)所述的灭酶是将反应物在95℃下加热15min;
步骤(1)所述的离心优选在3500r/min转速下离心10min;
(2)将凤尾鱼酶解液添加至Sephadex G-25凝胶柱,用去离子水以0.5~1.5mL/min的流速进行洗脱,检测波长为220nm,收集各洗脱峰并分别测定其超氧阴离子自由基清除能力,选取超氧阴离子自由基清除能力最高的组分进行下一步实验;
(3)采用反相高效液相色谱对步骤(2)选取的目标组分进一步纯化,收集各洗脱峰并分别测定其超氧阴离子自由基清除能力,超氧阴离子自由基清除能力最高的组分即为本发明的多肽Pro-Ala-Tyr-Cys-Ser;
步骤(3)所述的反相高效液相色谱优选以下参数:Waters e2695HPLC,2998PDA检测器,色谱柱为XBridgeTM Prep BEH130C18柱(10×150mm,5μm,Waters,USA),流动相为A相和B相;A相是质量分数0.1%的三氟乙酸超纯水溶液,B相为甲醇;
洗脱程序为:0-1min内采用的流动相中A与B体积比为(95:5)-(90:10);1-35min内采用的流动相中A与B体积比为(95:5)-(60:40)或(90:10)-(70:30);35-36min内采用的流动相中A与B体积比为60:40;36-40min内采用的流动相中A与B体积比为(60:40)-(95:5)或(60:40)-(90:10)),流速为1mL/min,检测波长为220nm。
步骤(2)和(3)中所述的超氧阴离子自由基清除能力的测定方法如下:
将邻苯三酚溶于10mmol/L HCl中配制浓度为3mmol/L的溶液,取100mmol/L Tris-HCl缓冲液(pH值8.2)4.5mL于25℃水浴保温20min,取出后立即加入样品(即洗脱液)2mL、蒸馏水3mL及邻苯三酚0.5mL(试验前于25℃保温)后迅速摇匀,恒温下每隔30s测一次A325值,反应4.5min后结束,样品抑制邻苯三酚自氧化的速率作为V样(即每分钟光吸收的平均变化率);空白管中10mmol/L HCl代替邻苯三酚溶液,反应启动后4.5min内邻苯三酚自氧化速率作为V自;计算公式为:
超氧阴离子清除率(%)=[(V自-V样)/V自]×100%
本发明的多肽可用于制备具有抗氧化功效的药品、保健品或食品。
本发明相对于现有技术具有如下的优点及效果:
(1)本发明所用原料为凤尾鱼,来源广泛,价格低廉,目前凤尾鱼多用作制作鱼罐头,现在将其作为蛋白原料,开发成抗氧化肽,可显著提海洋蛋白原料的附加值。
(2)本发明采用生物酶解技术及色谱分离技术制备出一种具有明显超氧阴离子清除能力的蛋白肽,制备方法简单可行,制得的产品纯度高。
(3)本发明提供的抗氧化肽活性优良,具有良好的抗氧化作用,可以作为功能性成分,用于保健品中;
(4)本发明提供的抗氧化肽为五肽产品,其肽分子量小,可被人体直接吸收;
(5)本发明通过化学合成对应的抗氧化肽,经实验验证效果与分离纯化得到的新肽效果接近。
附图说明
图1为凤尾鱼酶解产物的Sephadex G-25凝胶色谱分离洗脱曲线。
图2为凤尾鱼酶解产物Sephadex G-25凝胶色谱洗脱组分的超氧阴离子自由基清除能力测定结果。
图3为凝胶色谱目标收集组分的反相高效液相色谱分离洗脱曲线。
图4为反相高效液相色谱分离洗脱组分的超氧阴离子自由基清除能力测定结果。
图5为抗氧化肽氨基酸序列质谱分析图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例及附图对本发明作进一步详细的描述,但本发明的实施方式不限于此。
实施例
本发明多肽的分离制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将凤尾鱼去头去内脏,过绞肉机绞成肉糜,加入肉糜质量2倍的水,加入凤尾鱼鱼糜质量0.2%的木瓜蛋白酶和0.5%的Alcalase 2.4L在50℃下保温酶解8h,酶解结束后在95℃下加热15min进行灭酶,冷却至室温后,在3500r/min转速下离心10min,过滤收集滤液,获得凤尾鱼酶解液;
(2)采用Sephadex G-25凝胶柱对凤尾鱼酶解液进行分离纯化,用去离子水以0.5mL/min的流速进行洗脱,检测波长为220nm,共收集到6个组分(图1),分别测定各洗脱峰的超氧阴离子自由基清除能力,结果见图2,组分Fr.4活性最高;选取组分Fr.4通过反相高效液相色谱法进一步纯化(Waters e2695HPLC,2998PDA检测器),色谱柱为XBridgeTM PrepBEH130C18柱(10×150mm,5μm,Waters,USA),流动相为A相(0.1%的三氟乙酸超纯水溶液)和B相(乙腈),洗脱程序为:0-1min内A:B为90:10(体积比,下同),1-35min内A:B为90:10-70:30,35-36min内A:B为70:30,36-40min内A:B为70:30-90:10,流速为1mL/min,检测波长为220nm,共收集到10个峰(图3),测定各洗脱峰的超氧阴离子自由基清除能力,结果见图3,组分F5活性最高,得到抗氧化肽
(3)最后采用电喷雾串联质谱测定步骤(2)中得到抗氧化肽的氨基酸序列,结果如图5,得到抗氧化肽的氨基酸序列为Pro-Ala-Tyr-Cys-Ser。
实施例制备的抗氧化肽与脑活素(Cerebrolysin)的O2 -·自由基清除能力结果如表1。
表1抗氧化肽及脑活素的O2 -·自由基清除能力
注:抗氧化肽及脑活素检测浓度为10mg/mL。
已有大量文献表明,神经退行性相关疾病与神经细胞因氧化应激受损导致细胞凋亡或死亡等相关。由表1可知本发明制备的抗氧化肽具有优秀的抗氧化作用,具有潜在改善神经细胞状态的作用,表明本发明提供的抗氧化肽具有较强的抗氧化功能,可用于药品、保健品或食品等行业中。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种多肽,其特征在于氨基酸序列为Pro-Ala-Tyr-Cys-Ser。
2.权利要求1所述多肽的分离制备方法,其特征在于包括如下步骤:
(1)将凤尾鱼去头去内脏,绞成肉糜,加水混合,加入混合酶,在45~60 ℃下酶解6~10 h后,灭酶,冷却至室温后,离心,过滤收集滤液,为凤尾鱼酶解液;
步骤(1)所述的混合酶,由木瓜蛋白酶和碱性蛋白酶组成;所述的木瓜蛋白酶占肉糜质量的0.2~0.5%;所述的碱性蛋白酶占肉糜质量的0.3~0.7%;
(2)将凤尾鱼酶解液添加至Sephadex G-25 凝胶柱,用去离子水以0.5~1.5 mL/min的流速进行洗脱,检测波长为220 nm,收集各洗脱峰并分别测定其超氧阴离子自由基清除能力,选取超氧阴离子自由基清除能力最高的组分进行下一步分离;
(3)采用反相高效液相色谱对步骤(2)选择的目标组分进一步纯化,收集各洗脱峰并测定其超氧阴离子自由基清除能力,超氧阴离子自由基清除能力最高的组分采用电喷雾串联质谱测定,得到多肽Pro-Ala-Tyr-Cys-Ser;
步骤(3)所述的反相高效液相色谱采用以下参数:Waters e2695 HPLC,2998 PDA 检测器,色谱柱为XBridgeTM Prep BEH130 C18柱,流动相为A 相和B 相;A相是质量分数0.1% 的三氟乙酸超纯水溶液,B相为甲醇;
洗脱程序为:0-1min内采用的流动相中A与B 体积比为(95:5)-(90:10);1-35 min内采用的流动相中A与B体积比为(95:5)-(60:40)或(90:10)-(70:30);35-36 min 内采用的流动相中A与B体积比为60:40;36-40 min内采用的流动相中A与B体积比为(60:40)-(95:5)或(60:40)-(90:10),流速为1 mL/min,检测波长为220 nm。
3.根据权利要求2所述的分离制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)所述的加水混合,水与肉糜的质量比为(1~ 3):1。
4.根据权利要求2所述的分离制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)所述的灭酶是将反应物在95 ℃下加热15 min。
5.根据权利要求2所述的分离制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)所述的离心是在3500 r/min转速下离心10 min。
6.权利要求1所述的多肽在制备具有抗氧化功效的药品、保健品或食品中的应用。
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