CN107231792B - 外科线性缝合器 - Google Patents

外科线性缝合器 Download PDF

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CN107231792B
CN107231792B CN201680000642.9A CN201680000642A CN107231792B CN 107231792 B CN107231792 B CN 107231792B CN 201680000642 A CN201680000642 A CN 201680000642A CN 107231792 B CN107231792 B CN 107231792B
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anvil
staple
cartridge
surgical site
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CN107231792A (zh
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姜民雄
姜兑雄
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Medi Tulip Co ltd
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    • A61B10/00—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
    • A61B10/02—Instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy
    • A61B10/06—Biopsy forceps, e.g. with cup-shaped jaws
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
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    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B17/07207—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously the staples being applied sequentially
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61B17/11—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for performing anastomosis; Buttons for anastomosis
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
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    • A61B90/08—Accessories or related features not otherwise provided for
    • A61B2090/0807—Indication means

Abstract

本发明公开了一种外科线性缝合器，包括：钉仓，其内部装载有用于缝合手术部位的缝钉；仓容纳通道，其形成有仓容纳槽，以将所述钉仓容纳其中；砧座，其对应于所述钉仓并使从所述钉仓排出的缝钉成形；以及切割器，其在外力的作用下，沿所述钉仓的纵向方向移动，并切割设置在所述钉仓和所述砧座之间的手术部位，其中，从手术部位到相对的缝合线的距离彼此不同，由此能稳定且方便的获得没有被缝钉损坏的用于病理检查的组织。

Description

外科线性缝合器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种外科线性缝合器，更具体地，涉及一种在缝合和切割手术部位时，能稳定方便地获取没有被缝钉损坏的用于病理检查的组织的外科线性缝合器。
背景技术
通常，外科缝合器为主要用于在腹部和胸部手术中切割和吻合器官的医疗器械。这种外科缝合器分为在开胸手术和开腹手术中使用的开放式缝合器以及在胸腔镜手术和内窥镜手术中使用的内窥式(endo)缝合器。
这种外科缝合器的优点是，由于同时执行手术部位的切割和器官的吻合，不仅能缩短手术时间，而且能精确地缝合手术部位。此外，这种外科缝合器与使用切割和缝合组织的外科缝合纤维(stitching fiber)相比，恢复更快和伤疤更小，因此被广泛用于现代外科手术中。特别地，外科缝合器已经被广泛地用于在癌症手术中切割癌组织和缝合切割部位。
但是，由于切片在传统的缝钉缝合和切割之后，从手术部位被移除，以进行冰冻切片组织检查，因此邻近所述切片的生物组织会被缝钉损坏，因此很难正确地检查癌症细胞是否残留在切缘中。
发明内容
(要解决的问题)
因此，本发明旨在解决上述问题，本发明的一方面是提供一种外科线性缝合器，该外科线性缝合器在缝合和切割手术部位时，能够稳定方便地获取没有被缝钉损坏的用于病理检查的组织。
(解决问题的手段)
根据本发明的一实施方式，提供一种外科线性缝合器，包括：钉仓，其内部装载有用于缝合手术部位的缝钉；仓容纳通道，其形成有将所述钉仓容纳其中的仓容纳槽；砧座，其对应于所述钉仓并使从所述钉仓排出的缝钉定向；以及切割器，其在外力的作用下沿所述钉仓的纵向方向移动，并切割设置在所述钉仓和所述砧座之间的手术部位，其中，所述钉仓包括用于引导所述切割器沿所述钉仓的纵向方向移动的第二切割器引导部，和形成有左缝钉排出孔和右缝钉排出孔的仓本体，所述左缝钉排出孔和右缝钉排出孔设置在所述第二切割器引导部的相对的两侧，所述右缝钉排出孔具有在向右方向上最邻近所述第二切割器引导部的第一右缝钉排出孔，所述左缝钉排出孔具有在向左方向上最邻近所述第二切割器引导部的第一左缝钉排出孔，以及第一右缝钉排出孔比第一左缝钉排出孔离所述第二切割器引导部更远，以便从手术部位中获得没有没所述缝钉损坏的用于病理检查的组织区域。
根据本发明的另一实施方式，提供一种外科线性缝合器，包括：钉仓，其内部装载有用于缝合手术部位的缝钉；仓容纳通道，其形成有将所述钉仓容纳其中的仓容纳槽；砧座，其对应于所述钉仓并使从所述钉仓排出的缝钉定向；以及切割器，其设置在所述钉仓的后方，并在外力的作用下沿所述钉仓的纵向方向移动时，切割设置在所述钉仓和所述砧座之间的手术部位，其中，所述砧座包括：用于引导所述切割器沿所述砧座的纵向方向移动的第一切割器引导部；具有第一右砧座槽的右砧座槽，所述第一右砧座槽在相对于所述砧座的横向方向的向右方向上最邻近所述第一切割器引导部；以及具有第一左砧座槽的左砧座槽，所述第一左砧座槽在相对于所述砧座的横向方向的向左方向上最邻近所述第一切割器引导部，以及从第一右砧座槽的中心线到第一切割器引导部的中心线的第一距离大于从第一左砧座槽的中心线到第一切割器引导部的中心线的第二距离，以便从在手术部位中将被移除的手术部位处获得没有被缝钉损坏的用于病理检查的组织区域。
(发明的效果)
本发明的外科线性缝合器具有以下优点：
第一，设置在相对于第二切割器引导部的相对两侧的第一右缝钉排出孔和第一左缝钉排出孔与第二切割器引导部的距离彼此不同，如此，在将一个器官切割为两个区域并缝合它们时，从切割面到将被移除的器官的缝合线的距离大于从切割面到将保留在人体中的手术部位的缝合线的距离，从而防止用于检查的生物组织的切割边缘在将被移除的器官组织内受到损坏。
第二，设置在相对于第一切割器引导部的相对两侧的第一右缝钉排出孔和第一左缝钉排出孔与第一切割器引导部的距离彼此不同，如此，在将一个器官切割为两个区域并缝合它们时，从切割面到将被移除的器官的缝合线的距离大于从切割面到将保留在人体中的手术部位的缝合线的距离，从而防止用于检查的生物组织的切割边缘在将被移除的器官组织内受到损坏。结果，能够稳定且方便地在将被移除的器官组织中获得没有被缝钉损坏的用于病理检查的组织区域。
第三，在第一右缝钉排出孔和第二切割器引导部之间的仓本体的顶端设置有突出部，如此，当切割器在手术部位被砧座和钉仓夹持的状态下切割手术部位时，突出部能按压和支撑靠近切割面的区域，从而使得手术部位被稳定地切割。
第四，第一右砧座槽的深度比第二右砧座槽的深度浅，以便更牢固地夹住在手术部位中将被移除的手术部位的区域，该区域为靠近第一切割器引导部且被缝钉缝合的区域，如此，相应的皮肤组织能被更紧紧地夹住在第一右缝钉缝合线上，从而防止手术部位的内容物，例如血液等的漏出。
第五，由右砧座槽定向的右缝钉的腿部比由左砧座槽定向的左缝钉的腿部长，如此，可更轻易的夹住将被切割和移除的手术部位的组织，从而最小化了对用于病理检查的组织区域的损坏。
第六，用于指示右缝钉排出孔的位置的指示器置于砧座的外表面和仓容纳通道的外表面的至少一个上，因此用于病理检查的组织区域被包括在移除的器官的手术部位中，从而防止手术失误。
附图说明
图1示出了根据本发明第一实施方式的外科线性缝合器；
图2示出了设置在图1中的外科线性缝合器中的钉仓和砧座的横截面图；
图3示出了图2中的砧座和皮肤组织之间的接触区域；
图4示出了由图1中的外科线性缝合器所缝合和切割的手术部位；
图5示出了根据本发明第二实施方式设置在外科线性缝合器中的钉仓和砧座的横截面图；
图6示出了根据本发明第三实施方式设置在外科线性缝合器中的钉仓和砧座的横截面图；
图7示出了根据本发明第四实施方式设置在外科线性缝合器中的钉仓和砧座的横截面图；
图8示出了根据本发明第五实施方式的外科线性缝合器；以及
图9示出了由设置在图8中的外科线性缝合器中的缝合和切割的手术部位。
具体实施方式
以下，参考附图对解决前述问题的本发明的示例性实施方式进行描述。在整个下述示例性实施方式中，相同的附图标记表示相同的元件，并且相同内容将不再赘述。
参考附图1至图4将对用于获取用于病理检查的组织的本发明第一实施方式的外科线性缝合器进行描述。
参考图1至图4，外科线性缝合器包括主体100、旋转头200、延伸轴300、缝合轴400、钉仓500和切割器600。
主体100包括由使用者把持的支撑把手110、布置在支撑把手110的前方并与支撑把手110铰接的控制把手120，以及行程杆130。
行程杆130在穿入直立的延伸轴300和旋转头200的同时与控制把手120互锁，并与拉手(pull grip)131连接。
当控制控制把手120时，行程杆130向前移动，当使用者向后拉拉手131时，行程杆130向后移动。
拉手沿导向长孔101在主体100的纵向方向上移动，该导向长孔101在向前和向后的纵向方向上形成在主体100的左侧和右侧。
旋转头200设置在主体的前方，并在其中插入行程杆130时，使得延伸轴300和缝合轴400能够转动360°。
延伸轴300置于缝合轴400和旋转头200之间，行程杆130的一部分布置在延伸轴300的内侧。
缝合轴400包括砧座410和仓容纳通道(cartridge accommodating channel)420，该仓容纳通道420形成有将钉仓500容纳其中的仓容纳槽(未图示)。
钉仓500内部填充有：用于缝合手术部位的缝钉(staples)和对应于钉仓500并使从钉仓500排出的缝钉定向(shaping)的砧座410。
切割器600置于钉仓500的后方，并在外力的作用下沿钉仓500的纵向方向移动的同时，切割钉仓500和砧座410之间的手术部位。
以下对砧座410和钉仓500的详细结构进行描述。
砧座410包括：第一切割器引导部415，用于引导切割器600沿砧座410的纵向方向移动；右砧座槽411，相对于砧座410的横向方向，布置在第一切割器引导部415的向右方向上；以及左砧座槽413，相对于砧座410的横向方向，布置在第一切割器引导部415的向左方向上。
右砧座槽411包括：第一右砧座槽411a，其在向右方向上最邻近第一切割器引导部415；第二右砧座槽411b，其形成在第一右砧座槽411a的右侧。
左砧座槽413包括：第一左砧座槽413a，其在向左方向上最邻近第一切割器引导部415；第二左砧座槽413b，其形成在第一左砧座槽413a的左侧；以及第三左砧座槽413c，其形成在第二左砧座槽413b的左侧。
结果，在第一切割器引导部415的向右方向上具有两行右砧座槽411，在第一切割器引导部415的向左方向上具有三行左砧座槽413。当然，本发明并不局限于前述描述。或者，左砧座槽412也可为两行。
为在手术部位的将被移除的手术部位中获取没有被缝钉损坏的用于病理检查的组织区域，从第一右砧座槽411a的中心线到第一切割器引导部415的中心线的第一距离D1大于从第一左砧座槽413a的中心线到第一切割器引导部415的中心线的第二距离D2。
此外，第一距离D1与从第二左砧座槽413b的中心线到第一切割器引导部415的中心线的第三距离相同。
此外，从第二右砧座槽411b的中心线到第一切割器引导部415的中心线的第四距离与从第三左砧座槽413c到第一切割器415的中心线的第五距离相同。这里，左砧座槽413和右砧座槽411具有相同的深度。
当然，本发明并不局限于前述描述。任选地，第一距离和第三距离可彼此不同，第四距离和第五距离也可彼此不同。
另外，用于指示外科线性缝合器的右侧位置的指示器417设置在砧座410的外表面上。
具体地，指示器417指示右砧座槽411的位置，以使得用于病理检查的组织区域能被包括在手术部位中，即第一手术部位C中。
指示器417可以以区别于外部视图的色带或以具有一定形状的凸起的形式附接到砧座410上。或者，指示器417可由具有荧光物质的材料，或者发光装置如发光二极管制成。此外，本发明并局限于前述描述，指示器417可放置在砧座410的外表面和仓容纳通道420的外表面的至少一个上。
结果，指示器417指示右缝钉排出孔511的位置，以使得用于病理检查的组织区域能被包括在从器官中被移除的手术部位中，由此防止手术失误。
此外，钉仓500包括：形成有用于引导切割器600沿钉仓500的纵向方向移动的第二切割器引导部515的仓体510；对应于右砧座槽411的右缝钉排出孔511；以及对应于左砧座槽413的左缝钉排出孔513。
第二切割器引导部515为设置在仓体510的中心部分的孔。当然，本发明并不局限于上述描述，第二切割器引导部515可在宽度方向上形成在偏离仓体510的中心的位置上。
右缝钉排出孔511包括：第一右缝钉排出孔511a，其在向右方向上最邻近第二切割器引导部515；以及第二右缝钉排出孔511b，其形成在第一右缝钉排出孔511a的右侧。
第一右缝钉排出孔511a对应于第一右砧座槽411a，第二右缝钉排出孔511b对应于第二右砧座槽411b。第一右缝钉排出孔511a装载有第一右缝钉1a，第二右缝钉排出孔511b装载有第二右缝钉1b。
左缝钉排出孔513包括：第一左缝钉排出孔513a，其在向左方向上最邻近第二切割器引导部515；第二左缝钉排出孔513b，其形成在第一左缝钉排出孔513a的左侧；以及第三左缝钉排出孔513c，其形成在第二左缝钉排出孔513b的左侧。
第一左缝钉排出孔513a对应于第一左砧座槽413a，第二左缝钉排出孔513b对应于第二左砧座槽413b，以及第三左缝钉排出孔513c对应于第三左砧座槽413c。
这里，第一左缝钉排出孔513a装载有第一左缝钉3a，第二左缝钉排出孔513b装载有第二左缝钉3b，以及第三左缝钉排出孔513c装载有第三左缝钉3c。
根据本发明的实施方式，对对应于缝钉排出孔的行数没有限制。但是，优选地，对应于左缝钉排出孔513的行数比对应于右缝钉排出孔511的行数多。
理由如下。由从左缝钉排出孔513排出的左缝钉3缝合的手术部位必须被密集地缝合起来，因为它保留在人体中，而由从右缝钉排出孔511排出的右缝钉1缝合的手术部位不需要被密集地缝合起来，因为它被移除掉了。
第一右缝钉排出孔511a比第一左缝钉排出孔513a距离第二切割器引导部515更远，以便从手术部位中获取没有被缝钉损坏的用于病理检查的组织区域。
在仓体510的顶面，突出部517在第二切割器引导部515和第一右缝钉排出孔511a之间突出。
当切割器600在手术部位被砧座410和钉仓500夹住的情况下切割手术部位时，突出部517按压并支撑(hold)靠近切割面的区域，从而使得手术部位被稳定地切割。
当手术部位被砧座410和钉仓500夹住时，突出部517最小化了砧座410和钉仓500之间的间隙。
突出部517可沿仓体的纵向方向上突出为直线，且具有圆弧形的横截面，或者可突出为以一定间隔的压花图案。
当然，本发明不局限于前述描述，并且可省略突出部517。
如图4(a)所示，布置在钉仓500上方的手术部位A相对于虚拟切割线A0，被切割器600切割为两个手术部位。这两个手术部位中的一个为将被移除的第一手术部位C，另一个为将被保留在人体中的第二手术部位B。
参考图4(b)，第一手术部位C具有两行平行于切割面A1的缝合线，第二手术部位B具有三行平行于切割面A1的缝合线。
这里，第一手术部位C中的靠近切割面A1的缝合线的第一右缝合线1aa和切割面A1之间的距离D1大于第二手术部位B中的靠近切割面A1的缝合线的第一左缝合线3aa和切割面A1之间的距离D2。
置于切割部A1和第一手术部位C中的第一右缝合线1aa之间的生物组织适合用于病理检查的组织，因为它根本没有被损坏。
切割部A1和第一右缝合线1aa之间的距离D1是合理的，只要能获取用于病理检查的组织即可。但是，优选地，该距离基本上等于切割部A1和形成在第二手术部位B的缝合线中的第二右缝合线之间的距离。
原因是，因为在手术部位A被切割器600切割时，如果手术部位A在第二切割器引导部515的相应的两侧，即在距与切割部和对侧的缝合线相同的距离处被缝钉夹住，则手术部位A能被更稳定的切割。
结果，在将一个器官切割为两个区域并缝合它们时，从切割面到将被移除的器官部位的缝合线的距离被设置为大于从切割面到将被保留在人体中的手术部位的缝合线的距离，从而防止用于检查的生物组织的切割边缘在将被移除的手术部位中受到损坏。因此，在将被移除的器官的手术部位中，可稳定且方便的获得没有被缝钉损坏的用于病理检查的组织区域。
以下，将参考图5对设置在本发明的第二实施方式的外科线性缝合器中的钉仓和砧座的横截面进行描述。
第二实施方式的外科线性缝合器的元件与第一实施方式的外科缝合器中的元件类似。然而，设置在第二实施方式中的外科线性缝合器的砧座710与设置在第一实施方式的外科线性缝合器的砧座不同。
具体地，砧座710形成有第一切割器引导部715、右砧座槽711和设置在向左方向上的左砧座槽713，其中，右砧座槽711包括第一右砧座槽711a和第二右砧座槽711b，左砧座槽713包括第一左砧座槽713a、第二左砧座槽713b和第三左砧座槽713c。
为更牢固地夹住在手术部位中将被移除的、靠近第一切割器引导部715并被缝合器缝合的手术部位的区域，第一右砧座槽的深度H1比第二右砧座槽的深度H2浅。
也就是说，在使对应于第一右砧座槽711a的第一缝钉1a被定向后，第一右缝合线的缝钉的高度比在使对应于第二右砧座槽711b的第二右缝钉1b成形后的第二右缝合线的缝钉的高度低，从而能更加紧紧地夹住相应的皮肤组织。
由于相应的皮肤组织被更紧紧的夹住在第一右缝合线上，因而，可防止手术部位的内容物，例如血液等的漏出。
同样，为更牢固地夹住手术部位的保留的手术部位中靠近第一切割器引导部715并被缝合的区域，第一左砧座槽713a的深度比第二左砧座槽713b的深度浅，且第二左砧座槽713b的深度比第三左砧座槽713c的深度浅。
在保留的手术部位中，在使对应于第一左砧座槽713a的第一左缝钉3a被定向后，第一左缝合线上的缝钉的高度尽可能的低，从而防止保留的手术部位的内容物的漏出，以及在使对应于第三砧座槽713c的第三左缝钉3c成形后，第三左缝合线上的缝钉的高度尽可能的高，从而减少施加到保留的手术部位的压力。
以下，参考图6对设置在本发明的第三实施方式的外科线性缝合器的钉仓和砧座的横截面进行描述。
第三实施方式的外科线性缝合器的元件与第一实施方式的外科缝合器的元件类似。然而，设置在第三实施方式的外科线性缝合器的砧座810与设置在第一实施方式的外科线性缝合器的砧座不同。
具体地，砧座810形成有第一切割器引导部815、右砧座槽811和设置在向左方向上的左砧座槽813，其中，右砧座槽811包括第一右砧座槽811a和第二右砧座槽811b，左砧座槽813包括第一左砧座槽813a、第二左砧座槽813b和第三左砧座槽813c。
为使得在手术部位中将被保留的手术部位的缝合区域的高度小于将被移除的手术部位的缝合区域的高度，左砧座槽的第一深度H3比右砧座槽的第二深深度H4浅。
这里，第一右砧座槽811a和第二右砧座槽811b具有相同的第二深度H4，以及所有的第一左砧座槽813a、第二左砧座槽813b和第三左砧座槽813c具有相同的第一深度H3。
这能更安全的防止内容物的漏出，因为保留的手术部位被留在了人体中。
以下，参考图7对设置在本发明的第四实施方式的外科线性缝合器的钉仓和砧座的横截面进行描述。
第四实施方式的外科线性缝合器的元件与第一实施方式的外科缝合器的元件类似。然而，设置在第四实施方式的外科线性缝合器的钉仓与设置在第一实施方式的外科线性缝合器的钉仓不同。
钉仓包括：形成有第二切割器引导部1240、右缝钉排出孔1210和左缝钉排出孔1220的仓本体1200；左按压构件1280；右按压构件1270；和驱动楔子1290。
右缝钉排出孔1210包括第一右缝钉排出孔1211和第二右缝钉排出孔1213；左缝钉排出孔1220包括第一左缝钉排出孔1221、第二左缝钉排出孔1223和第三左缝钉排出孔1225。
右缝钉排出孔1210装载有右缝钉6，左缝钉排出孔1220装载有左缝钉7。右缝钉6由右砧座槽(未图示)定向，左缝钉7由左砧座槽(未图示)定向。
第一右缝钉排出孔1211装载有第一右缝钉6a，第二右缝钉排出孔1213装载有第二右缝钉6b。
第一左缝钉排出孔1221装载有第一左缝钉7a，第二左缝钉排出孔1223装载有第二左缝钉7b，第三左缝钉排出孔1225装载有第三左缝钉7c。
这里，将由右砧座槽定向的右缝钉6的腿部与将由左砧座槽定向的左缝钉7的腿部的长度不同。也就是说，右缝钉6的腿部比左缝钉7的腿部长。
如果缝钉排出孔到砧座槽的距离一致，则在定向之后，缝钉的高度将随着缝钉腿部的增长而变高。
结果，将由右砧座槽定向的右缝钉的腿部比将由左砧座槽定向的左缝钉的腿部长，如此，将被切割并移除的手术部位的组织能被更轻易的夹住，从而最小化了对用于病理检查的组织区域的损坏。
顺便地，右按压构件1270朝右缝钉排出孔1210的外侧按压右缝钉6，以便排出右缝钉6，以及左按压构件1280朝左缝钉排出孔1220的外侧按压左缝钉7，以便排出左缝钉7。
因为右缝钉6的腿部比左缝钉7的腿部长，右按压构件1270的长度比左按压构件1280的长度短。
当然，本发明并不局限于前述描述。或者，不管缝钉的腿长，右按压构件1270和左按压构件1280的长度可彼此不同。
驱动楔子1290分别朝右缝钉排出孔1210和左缝钉排出孔1220推右按压构件1270和左按压构件1280。因此，右缝钉6和左缝钉7分别从右缝钉排出孔1210和左缝钉排出孔1220排出。
以下，参考图8和图9对设置在本发明的第五实施方式的外科线性缝合器进行描述。
第五实施方式的外科线性缝合器包括上本体10、下本体20、下把手部30、钉仓50和切割器60。
具体地，上本体10包括砧座11、设置在砧座11后方的上把手部12和设置在上把手部12与砧座11连接的区域的连接突出部14。
另外，用于指示外科线性缝合器的右侧位置的指示器11a设置在砧座11的外表面上。
下本体20包括仓容纳通道21、设置在仓容纳通道21后方的导槽和设置在仓容纳通道21和导槽22相连接的区域的联接部28。
此外，仓容纳通道21形成有容纳钉仓50的仓容纳槽23。
导槽22设置有沿导槽22的纵向方向移动的滑动构件24。滑动构件24包括用于排出装载在钉仓50中的缝钉的驱动楔子26和用于移动切割器60的推杆27。
联接部28设置有限制滑动构件24移动的止挡件40，该止挡件40形成有供驱动楔子26和推杆27通过的多个通孔。
此外，联接部28收容连接突出部14，以使得上本体10和下本体20能够彼此连接。
下把手部30置于下本体20的下方并铰接到联接部28。
钉仓50内部装载有用于缝合手术部位的缝钉，切割器60置于钉仓50的后方。
切割器60在外力的作用下沿钉仓50的纵向方向移动时切割钉仓50和砧座11之间的手术部位。
钉仓50包括用于引导切割器60沿钉仓50的纵向方向移动的第二切割器引导部57，仓本体51，形成有设置在第二切割器引导部57的相对两侧的左缝钉排出孔55和右缝钉排出孔53。
每个左缝钉排出孔55和右缝钉排出孔53在第二切割器引导部57的每侧为两行，这与前述实施方式的情况相反。
此外，左缝钉排出孔55的行间距和右缝钉排出孔53的行间距不同。具体地，右缝钉排出孔53的行间距形成为比左缝钉排出孔55的行间距更窄。
此外，第一行的右缝钉排出孔53比第一行左缝钉排出孔55距第二切割器引导部57更远，以便获得没有被缝钉损坏的手术部位的用于病理检查的组织区域。
具体地，如图9(a)所示出的，设置在钉仓50上方的手术部位A相对于切割线A0被切割器60切割为两个手术部位。这两个手术部位中的一个为第一手术部位C，另一个为将被保留在人体中的第二手术部位B。
参考图9(b)，第一手术部位C具有两行平行于切割面A1的缝合线，第二手术部位B具有两行平行于切割面A1的缝合线。
这里，第一手术部位C中靠近切割面A1的缝合线的第一右缝合线1aa和切割面A1之间的距离D1大于第二手术部位B中靠近切割面A1的缝合线的第一左缝合线3aa和切割面A1之间的距离D2。
置于切割面A1和第一手术部位C中的第一右缝合线1aa之间的生物组织适合用于病理检查的组织，因为它根本没有受到损坏。
这里，如果第二行右缝钉排出孔53和第二行左缝钉排出孔55与第二切割器引导部57的距离相同，由于右缝钉排出孔53的行之间的间距变窄，所以有可能获得更大的用于病理检查的组织区域。
当然，本发明并不局限于前述描述。或者，钉仓和砧座的结构可与第一至第四实施方式的外科线性缝合器中的钉仓和砧座的结构基本上相同。
尽管以上已经示出和描述了本发明的少数示意性实施方式，但是本领域的技术人员应当理解的是，在不脱离本发明的原理和范畴、由随附的权利要求和它们的等同物所限定的本发明的范围是情况下，可对这些实施方式作出变化。
(产业上的可应用性)
如上所述，根据本发明的外科缝合器在将被移除的器官组织内能稳定且方便地获得没有被缝钉损坏的用于病理检查的组织区域，因此被广泛地用作用于腹部器官的切割和吻合以及切割癌症组织和缝合切割部位的胸腔手术的外科缝合器。

Claims (9)

1.一种外科线性缝合器，包括：
钉仓，其内部装载有用于缝合手术部位的缝钉；
仓容纳通道，其形成有将所述钉仓容纳其中的仓容纳槽；
砧座，其对应于所述钉仓并使从所述钉仓排出的缝钉定向；
切割器，其在外力的作用下沿所述钉仓的纵向方向移动，并切割设置在所述钉仓和所述砧座之间的所述手术部位，
其中，所述钉仓包括用于引导所述切割器沿所述钉仓的纵向方向移动的第二切割器引导部，和形成有多排的左缝钉排出孔和多排的右缝钉排出孔的仓本体，所述左缝钉排出孔和右缝钉排出孔设置在所述第二切割器引导部的相对两侧，
所述多排的右缝钉排出孔具有在向右方向上最邻近所述第二切割器引导部，并用于装载多个右缝钉的第一排右缝钉排出孔，所述多排的左缝钉排出孔具有在向左方向上最邻近所述第二切割器引导部，并用于装载多个左缝钉的第一左缝钉排出孔，以及
第一排右缝钉排出孔比第一排左缝钉排出孔离所述第二切割器引导部更远，以便在所述缝钉定向之后，所述手术部位的切割部分与最靠近第一手术部位上的切割部分的第一右缝合线之间的距离大于所述手术部位的切割部分与最靠近第二手术部位上的切割部分的第一左缝合线之间的距离，从而从手术部位中获得没有被所述缝钉损坏的用于病理检查的组织区域；
其中，布置在钉仓上方的手术部位被切割器切割成将要从人体中移除的第一手术部位和将要被保留在人体中的第二手术部位；
所述外科线性缝合器还包括指示器，所述指示器被配置成指示多排的右缝钉排出孔的位置，以指示所述外科线性缝合器的正确位置，从而使得用于病理检查的组织区域被包括在所述第一手术部位中，从而防止手术失误；
其中，置于切割部和第一手术部位中的第一右缝合线之间的生物组织适合用于病理检查的组织，因为它根本没有被损坏。
2.根据权利要求1所述的外科线性缝合器，还包括突出部，所述突出部在所述仓本体的顶端突出并设置在所述第一排右缝钉排出孔和所述第二切割器引导部之间，并在切割所述手术部位时，按压和支撑靠近切割面的区域。
3.根据权利要求1所述的外科线性缝合器，所述指示器设置在所述砧座的外表面和所述仓容纳通道的外表面的至少一个上。
4.根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的外科线性缝合器，包括：
所述砧座包括：用于引导所述切割器沿所述砧座的纵向方向移动的第一切割器引导部；具有第一排右砧座槽的多排的右砧座槽，所述第一排右砧座槽在相对于所述砧座的横向方向的向右方向上最邻近所述第一切割器引导部；以及具有第一排左砧座槽的多排的左砧座槽，所述第一排左砧座槽在相对于所述砧座的横向方向的向左方向上最邻近所述第一切割器引导部，
其中，从所述第一排右砧座槽的中心线到第一切割器引导部的中心线的第一距离大于从所述第一排左砧座槽的中心线到第一切割器引导部的中心线的第二距离，以便从所述第一手术部位处获得没有被缝钉损坏的用于病理检查的组织区域。
5.根据权利要求4所述的外科线性缝合器，其中，
所述多排的右砧座槽包括形成在所述第一排右砧座槽的右侧的第二排右砧座槽；
所述多排的左砧座槽包括形成在所述第一排左砧座槽的左侧的第二排左砧座槽和形成在所述第二排左砧座槽的左侧的第三排左砧座槽，
其中，所述第一距离等于从所述第二排左砧座槽的中心线到所述第一切割器引导部的中心线的第三距离。
6.根据权利要求5所述的外科线性缝合器，其中，所述第一排右砧座槽的深度比所述第二排右砧座槽的深度浅，以便在所述第一手术部位中更稳固地夹住靠近第一切割器引导部的区域。
7.根据权利要求5所述的外科线性缝合器，其中，所述多排的左砧座槽的深度比所述多排的右砧座槽的深度浅，以使得在所述第二手术部位的缝合区域的高度低于所述第一手术部位的缝合区域的高度。
8.根据权利要求5至7任一项所述的外科线性缝合器，其中，由所述多排的右砧座槽定向的右缝钉的腿部和由所述多排的左砧座槽定向的左缝钉的腿部彼此长度不同。
9.根据权利要求1至3、5至7任一项所述的外科线性缝合器，还包括：
右按压构件，用于朝所述多排的右缝钉排出孔的外侧按压和排出所述右缝钉；
左按压构件，用于朝所述多排的左缝钉排出孔的外侧按压和排出所述左缝钉，
驱动楔子，用于分别朝所述多排的右缝钉排出孔和所述多排的左缝钉排出孔推所述右按压构件和所述左按压构件；
其中，所述右按压构件和所述左按压构件彼此长度不同。
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