CN107225766A - 接合至少两个管状部件的方法和系统 - Google Patents

接合至少两个管状部件的方法和系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107225766A
CN107225766A CN201710161343.XA CN201710161343A CN107225766A CN 107225766 A CN107225766 A CN 107225766A CN 201710161343 A CN201710161343 A CN 201710161343A CN 107225766 A CN107225766 A CN 107225766A
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China
Prior art keywords
transition film
tubular part
pipe joint
bound
film
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J·M·索萨
L·塞尔康
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Csc Operations Ltd
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Milliken Infrastructure Solutions LLC
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Priority claimed from US15/078,352 external-priority patent/US20160279865A1/en
Application filed by Milliken Infrastructure Solutions LLC filed Critical Milliken Infrastructure Solutions LLC
Publication of CN107225766A publication Critical patent/CN107225766A/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5007—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like characterised by the structure of said adhesive tape, threads or the like
    • B29C65/5014—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like characterised by the structure of said adhesive tape, threads or the like being fibre-reinforced
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5007—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like characterised by the structure of said adhesive tape, threads or the like
    • B29C65/5021—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like characterised by the structure of said adhesive tape, threads or the like being multi-layered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5042—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like covering both elements to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/66—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by liberation of internal stresses, e.g. shrinking of one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/68—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by liberation of internal stresses, e.g. shrinking of one of the parts to be joined using auxiliary shrinkable elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/03—After-treatments in the joint area
    • B29C66/038—Covering the joint by a coating material
    • B29C66/0384—Covering the joint by a coating material the coating material being in tape, strip or band form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5221—Joining tubular articles for forming coaxial connections, i.e. the tubular articles to be joined forming a zero angle relative to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5224—Joining tubular articles for forming fork-shaped connections, e.g. for making Y-shaped pieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5225—Joining tubular articles for forming cross-shaped connections, e.g. for making X-shaped pieces
    • B29C66/52251—Joining tubular articles for forming cross-shaped connections, e.g. for making X-shaped pieces with four right angles, e.g. for making +-shaped pieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5229—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5229—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
    • B29C66/52295—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket comprising reinforcements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5229—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
    • B29C66/52298—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket being composed by several elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C73/00—Repairing of articles made from plastics or substances in a plastic state, e.g. of articles shaped or produced by using techniques covered by this subclass or subclass B29D
    • B29C73/02—Repairing of articles made from plastics or substances in a plastic state, e.g. of articles shaped or produced by using techniques covered by this subclass or subclass B29D using liquid or paste-like material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C73/00—Repairing of articles made from plastics or substances in a plastic state, e.g. of articles shaped or produced by using techniques covered by this subclass or subclass B29D
    • B29C73/04—Repairing of articles made from plastics or substances in a plastic state, e.g. of articles shaped or produced by using techniques covered by this subclass or subclass B29D using preformed elements
    • B29C73/10—Repairing of articles made from plastics or substances in a plastic state, e.g. of articles shaped or produced by using techniques covered by this subclass or subclass B29D using preformed elements using patches sealing on the surface of the article
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L47/00—Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics
    • F16L47/02—Welded joints; Adhesive joints
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/16—Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders
    • F16L55/168—Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders from outside the pipe
    • F16L55/1683—Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders from outside the pipe by means of a patch which is fixed on the wall of the pipe by means of an adhesive, a weld or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
    • B29C66/742—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to metals or their alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2023/00—Tubular articles
    • B29L2023/22—Tubes or pipes, i.e. rigid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L47/00—Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics
    • F16L47/20—Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics based principally on specific properties of plastics
    • F16L47/22—Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics based principally on specific properties of plastics using shrink-down material

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及接合至少两个管状部件的方法和系统，特别地，涉及接合至少两个聚烯烃管状部件的方法，包括将管状部件相应的端部放置于管接头内，从而限定管接头接合处，用具有适合结合到管状部件的第一表面的过渡膜包裹管状部件相应的端部和管接头接合处，将过渡膜结合至管状部件相应的端部，且在过渡膜上施用加固系统。过渡膜与管状部件相应的端部的结合包括施加热至过渡膜，并且过渡膜至管状部件相应的端部的结合包括用热激活收缩带包裹管道且加热损伤区域以激活过渡膜至管状部件相应的端部的结合过程。

Description

接合至少两个管状部件的方法和系统
技术领域
本发明一般性涉及聚烯烃管道和其他结构，且更具体地涉及用于修复和/或接合聚烯烃管道和其他结构的方法和装置。
背景技术
聚烯烃材料包括如下：热塑性聚烯烃：聚乙烯(PE)、聚丙烯(PP)、聚甲基戊烯(PMP)、聚丁烯-1(PB-1)；聚烯烃弹性体(POE)：聚异丁烯(PIB)、乙丙橡胶(EPR)、三元乙丙单体(M-级)橡胶(EPDM橡胶)。这些材料，尤其是在管状构造(也就是管道)中用于递送或运输可能具有腐蚀性的化学性质的这类介质。例如，煤气公司通常用PE和PP管道。这样的管道本身可以在也使管的外部经受腐蚀性或其他物理或化学损坏条件的环境中使用。聚烯烃也是可以在恶劣的环境中使用的各种其它类型的结构例如储存罐，压力容器等的材料。
当在具体的应用中使用聚烯烃时，当然时常需要将管道的两个区段端对端地接合。完成这样的接合的一种方法是通过将管道区段焊接在一起。在通常已知为熔接的技术中，两个管道区段由加热盘形式的焊接板加热，以使管的端部变得熔融。焊接板随后移除且取决于壁厚度和管道直径，将管道区段用一些预定的力以预定的持续时间压在一起。结果是焊接处典型地具有围绕周长的珠帽(bead cap)。由于在热影响区可能存在的应力差异性等，这样的焊接处存在已知的潜在问题。或者由于外力如土壤移动或物理冲击，或由于材料随时间的推移变脆，随时间的推移焊接处易开裂。
还可以对聚烯烃管进行各种类型的现场连接。这些包括联接件(couplings)例如三通、管弯、异径接头等。现场连接通常采用某种形式的压接力将接合处挤压在一起。这些压接方法已知会在管道材料中引入微裂纹。由于循环压力(cyclic pressures)、暴露于温度波动下、材料的脆化等，这些微裂纹随时间的推移会增长，导致失效或渗漏。
本领域普通技术人员将理解，聚烯烃由于其分子密度和低表面能，是其本身性质难以结合的材料。这阻止了完全有效地将大多数类型的材料结合到聚烯烃表面的最简单的方法。因此，迄今为止很少能够修复已经通过如上所述的机理劣化的聚烯烃结构。管道可能展现出机械性的损害，包括可由压接连接导致的微裂纹的增长。当然，这是不希望的，这样的缺陷可使得泄漏发生，对个人或环境构成危险。
发明内容
考虑到上述和其他的事项，本发明涉及用于修复聚烯烃结构(特别(但不限于)PE或PP管道)的方法和装置。在本发明的一个实施方案中，聚烯烃管道的损坏区域根据需要施加有填充材料以填充管道的裂纹、隙或其它劣化。在使用填充材料之后，将过渡膜施用到进行修复的区域上。过渡膜具有适合结合到聚烯烃材料上的第一侧。结合过程可包括施加热/或压缩力。在过渡膜施用且结合后，将加固系统(例如纤维增强的聚氨酯的应用)施用至修复区域以完成修复过程。
在本发明的另一实施方案中，将对接焊接处修复或增强。在一些情况下，可能有必要通过平滑或消除在焊接过程中形成的珠帽来准备焊接处。在这个实施方案中，填充材料不是必需的。上述提及的过渡膜施用到焊接处上且结合至管道的接合段。随后，将加固系统施用到过渡膜上以完成焊接处的修复或预防性加固。
在本发明的另一实施方案中，以类似于上述用于修复或加固对接焊接的方式修复或加固压接区域，例如在现场连接时。
附图说明
结合附图参考本发明的实施方案的以下具体描述最好地理解本发明，其中相同的附图标记表示相同的元件，其中：
图1为根据本发明的一个实施方案的待修复的一段管道的侧面纵向截面图；
图2为填充材料施加到管道的损坏区域的图1的管道的侧面纵向截面图；
图3为过渡膜施用其上的图2的管道的侧面纵向截面图；
图4为加固系统施加到包括过渡膜的修复区域上方的图3的管道的侧面纵向截面图；
图5是根据本发明的一个实施方案的准备接合操作的端对端对准的管道的两个区段的侧面纵向截面图；
图6是过渡膜施用于接合区域的图5的管道的两个区段的侧面纵向截面图；
图7是加固系统施用到过渡膜上方的图5的管道的两个区段的侧面纵向截面图；
图8是使用常规的熔接技术将管道的两个区段焊接到一起的侧面纵向截面图；
图9是根据本发明的一个实施方案的将焊接处加固的图8的管道的两个焊接区段的侧面纵向截面图；
图10是说明根据本发明的一个实施方案修复管状部件的步骤的流程图；
图11是说明根据本发明的另一个实施方案修复非管状部件的步骤的流程图。
图12示出了至少两个聚烯烃管状部件端对端接合的系统。
图13示出了具有三个管状部件的管接头。
图14示出了具有四个管状部件的管接头。
具体实施方式
在下面的公开中，为了清楚起见，没有描述实际执行的所有特征。当然应当理解，在任何这种实际执行的研究中，如在任何这样的项目中，必须进行许多工程和技术决策以实现研发者的特定目标和子目标(例如，符合系统和技术的约束)，这在一个执行到另一执行彼此不同。此外，必须注意与环境有关的适当工程实践。应当理解，这种研发工作是复杂和耗时的，在通常的外行人的知识库之外，但是对于相关领域的普通技术人员来说仍将是常规任务。
参考图1，其显示了用附图标记10表示的聚烯烃管道(例如PE或PP管道)的区段的纵向截面图。如图1所示，管道10具有损坏区域12，在该处管道10已经劣化。尽管图1的实施方案包括管道，受益于本公开的本领域普通技术人员将理解，本发明可以在其他类型的PE结构上来实施。
图2说明了依据本发明的示例性实施方案的修复方法的第一步，其中根据需要将填充材料14施加在损坏区域12上以填充损坏区域12。在一个实施方案中，填充材料14可以是聚酯、环氧树脂、乙烯基酯、聚氨酯、热塑性材料、橡胶配合物(rubber compound)或丙烯酸类如甲基丙烯酸酯或热塑性材料。
一旦填充材料被施加且固化或硬化，根据本发明公开的实施方案下一步是将过渡膜16覆盖在管道进行修复的区段，如图3所示。在本发明的现有的优选实施方案中，过渡膜16包括可商购自Nolax AG的共挤出多层粘合剂膜Nolax S22.2202，该公司是总部在瑞士Sempach Station的Colla no Group的成员。请参见www.nolax.com。
过渡膜16的优选属性是其适合于在其一侧上有效地与聚烯烃材料如PE、EVA、EPOM和PP结合，并且在其相对侧上适于结合PVC、聚氨酯、ABS、PC、PA等。
在示例性实施方案中，过渡膜围绕进行修复的管道10的长度包裹。本领域普通技术人员会认识到，膜16与管道10的结合必须被激活。通常，这通过施加热和压缩力来实现。实现这一点的一种方法是通过使用热激活的收缩带(图中未示出)，例如可从总部设在美国北卡罗来纳州夏洛特市的Dunstone有限公司商购的220R 4“20％收缩离型涂覆卷(shrinkrelease coated roll)。请参见www.shrinktape.com。
一旦膜16已经结合到管道10的进行修复的区域上，将外层加固系统18施用到修复区域，如图4所示。注意到在应用外层加固系统18之前，优选地去除热收缩带或用于激活膜14与管道10的结合的其他手段，因此在图4中未示出。在本发明的一个优选的实施方案中，外层加固系统18包括A+WrapTM，其是由浸渍有湿固化的聚氨酯的玻璃纤维增强基片(fiberglass reinforced substrate factory)构成的高强度带。A+WrapTM可从Pipe Wrap有限公司，Houston，Texas商购获得。参见http：//www.piperepair.net/products/structural-repair/a-wrap/，通过引用整体并入本文。在另一个实施方案中，外层加固系统18包括纤维增强的环氧树脂体系，例如FormaShieldTM，其也可从Pipe Wrap有限公司商购获得。参见http://www.piperepair.net/products/structural/repair/formashield/，通过引用整体并入本文。
除了提供实现聚烯烃结构如PE管道的结构修复的手段，如上文参考图1-4所述，可以设想，本发明可以用于在管道的两个区段之间形成接合处，绕过对常规的熔接操作的需求。这如图5-7所示。
具体地，图5示出附图标记20和22标示的管道的两个区段的纵向截面图。管道区段20和22端对端放置以准备在其间建立接合处。
图6示出了过渡膜层24结合到接合区域上方的图5相应的管道区段20和22。如前述实施方案所述，过渡膜层24的一侧适合地结合到聚烯烃上，且所述结合可通过施加热和压缩力激活。
图7示出了相应的管道区段20和22，其中，加固系统26在过渡膜24的区域上施加并结合管道区段20和22。上述的A+WrapTM或FormashieldTM产品认为是用于本发明目的的适合的加固系统26。
还认为本发明可以用作预防措施，以加强管的两个区段之间的常规熔接处的完善。图8示出了聚烯烃管道的两个区段28和30，它们已经使用常规的熔接技术焊接到一起。如先前所注意到的，这样的技术通常导致围绕焊接处的周围形成珠帽32。
图9示出了管道区段28和30，其间的焊接处根据本发明的一个实施方案加固。从图9明显得出珠帽32优选在施用和结合过渡膜32和加固系统34之前移除。
转向图10，其示出说明根据本发明的一个实施方案的修复方法的流程图。具体地，图10所描述的方法被认为是修复管状部件例如管道的优选的方法。
如图10所示，第一步40是清洁修复区域，例如用适合的溶剂，以确保在修复过程中最佳的结合。
如上所述，下一步42是根据需要施加填充材料以提供相对平滑的修复表面。取决于进行修复的损坏的特性，步骤42可为必须或不必要的。如上所述，适合的填充材料可以为聚酯、环氧树脂、乙烯基酯、聚氨酯、热塑性材料、橡胶配合物或丙烯酸类如甲基丙烯酸酯或热塑性材料。
下一步44是施用双材料共挤出过渡膜至修复区域。在一个实施方案中，过渡膜至修复区域的结合是通过施加热(例如用热风枪等)完成，如框46所示。
接下来在框48中，将加固系统施加到修复区域上。上述A+WrapTM或FormaShieldTM体系都是加固系统的备选。
接下来在框50中，将压缩力施加至修复区域。如上所述，完成其的方式为通过使用热收缩带，将热收缩带围绕进行修复的管状部件包裹且随后施加热，例如使用热风枪，以使得带状包裹物以围绕管状部件和修复区域束紧或压缩。
如框52所述，使加固系统固化，在此时可以移除施加压缩力的手段(例如热收缩带)。
转向图11，其示出本发明的实施方案，其可以有利地用于修复非管状聚烯烃部件。该方法从框56开始，其中通过用适合的溶剂清洁准备修复表面。如先前的实施方案，填充材料可以施用或可以不施用，如图11中框58所示。
在框60中，施用双材料共挤出膜，如上文所述。如框62所示，热是将过渡膜结合到修复表面的优选方法。随后，施加上文所述的加固系统。
在图11的实施方案中，下一步在框66中，在加固系统上施加离型膜。在优选的实施方案中，离型膜是硅树脂处理的有孔的PE片。如框68所示，在施用离型膜之后，在修复区域上施用吸收布材料(bleeder cloth material)。在一个实施方案中，吸收布材料是无纺的聚酯材料，其适合吸收在固化过程中从加固系统出来的多余的树脂。
采用真空袋压力系统随着固化系统的固化对修复区域施加压力。在图11的框70中，围绕修复区域用真空袋密封。在一个实施方案中，使用基于氧化锌的双面胶带以创建真空袋的密封，真空袋可以是例如高密度聚乙烯膜。
在框72中，针对修复区域，施加真空压力以压缩真空袋。压缩力保持时间与加固系统固化所需的时间一样长，通常为2至4小时。
参照图12，其示出至少两个聚烯烃管状部件20、22端对端接合的系统。所述两个管状部件20、22放置在管接头(coupler)110中使得其相应的端部在管接头110内。施用过渡膜24且结合到管接头110和至少两个管状部件20、22的至少一部分上。过渡膜具有第一侧和第二侧，第一侧适合结合到聚烯烃上，且过渡膜的放置使得第一侧面向管状部件20、22。加固系统26施用到过渡膜24上。优选地，加固系统包含纤维增强的聚氨酯或纤维增强的环氧树脂体系。加固系统26结合到过渡膜的第二侧。
过渡膜24和加固系统26可以是任何其他实施方案中所描述的任意的过渡膜24和加固系统26。
当管状部件20、22相应的端部放置在管接头110内，所述管接头限定管接头接合处(联接接合处包括管接头和在管接头内的管状部件的一部分)。优选地，当过渡膜24施用且结合至管接头110以及至少两个管状部件20、22的至少一部分上时，其围绕管接头110和管状部件20、22包裹。过渡膜24的包裹优选完全覆盖管接头110。过渡膜24的包裹在通过管接头的末端后在管状部件20、22上优选延伸至少约0.5英寸更优选1英寸。
在一个实施方案中，过渡膜至管状部件相应的端部的结合包括施加热至过渡膜。在一个实施方案中，过渡膜至管状部件相应的端部的结合包括用热激活收缩带包裹管道并加热损坏区域以激活过渡膜至管状部件相应的端部的结合过程。
在一个实施方案中，在过渡膜上施用加固系统包括在过渡膜上包裹加固系统。在一个实施方案中，过渡膜的表面区域的少于100％或少于90％由加固系统覆盖。在另一实施方案中，过渡膜的基本上所有表面区域由加固系统覆盖。“基本上所有”在本申请中定义为至少95％。在另一实施方案中，加固系统覆盖过渡膜的基本上所有表面区域以及过渡膜区域以外的管状部件的至少一部分。
管接头可以由任何适合的材料例如金属或聚合物制成。其可以由与管状部件相同或不同的材料制成。
管接头可容纳多于两个管状部件。图13示出具有三个管状部件20、22、124的管接头110。图14示出具有4个管状部件20、22、124、126的管接头110。管接头可包括多于4个管状部件。对于图13和图14的实施方案中的每一个，过渡膜和加固系统可以与图12所示相似的方式施用于管接头和管状部件的一部分上。
待接合到一起的管状部件的端部必须位于管接头内，但不必要物理接触。在一个实施方案中，管状部件的端部物理接触，它们中间没有其他东西。在另一实施方案中，端部彼此靠近，分开小于约5毫米，更优选小于3毫米。在另一实施方案中，端部以更大的距离分开，相距约0.5-2英寸。在另一实施方案中，在管状部件的端部之间存在材料，例如在熔接过程中形成的材料、粘合剂、垫片或任何其他适合的材料。
从上文具体的描述中，对于本领域技术人员而言很显然公开了用于修复聚烯烃结构例如PE或PP管以及非管状结构例如储存罐等的方法和装置(系统)。尽管具体的实施细节在文中已提供，这仅仅是为了一般地说明在所附权利要求中限定的本发明的范围的目的。应当理解，在不脱离本发明的实际范围的情况下，可以对所公开的实施方式进行各种替换、更改和/或修改。

Claims (13)

1.一种接合至少两个聚烯烃管状部件的方法，包括：
(a)将所述管状部件相应的端部放置在管接头内，从而限定管接头接合处；
(b)用具有适合结合至所述管状部件的第一表面的过渡膜包裹所述管状部件相应的端部和所述管接头接合处；
(c)将所述过渡膜结合至所述管状部件相应的端部，其中所述过渡膜至所述管状部件的相应的端部的结合包括施加热至所述过渡膜，且其中所述过渡膜至所述管状部件相应的端部的结合包括用热激活收缩带包裹管道且加热被损坏的区域以激活所述过渡膜至所述管状部件相应的端部的结合过程；以及
(d)在所述过渡膜上施用加固系统。
2.权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述方法包括接合2或3个管状部件。
3.权利要求1所述的方法，其中在所述过渡膜上施用加固系统的所述步骤(d)包括施用纤维增强的聚氨酯体系或纤维增强的环氧树脂体系，其结合至所述过渡膜的第二侧。
4.权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述加固系统覆盖基本上所有的所述过渡膜。
5.一种接合至少两个聚烯烃管状部件的方法，包括：
(a)将所述管状部件相应的端部放置在管接头内，从而限定管接头接合处；
(b)用具有适合结合至所述管状部件的第一表面的过渡膜包裹所述管状部件相应的端部和所述管接头接合处；
(c)将所述过渡膜结合至所述管状部件相应的端部；以及
(d)在所述过渡膜上施用加固系统，包括施用纤维增强的聚氨酯体系，其结合至所述过渡膜的第二侧。
6.一种接合至少两个聚烯烃管状部件的方法，包括：
(a)将所述管状部件相应的端部放置在管接头内，从而限定管接头接合处；
(b)用具有适合结合至所述管状部件的第一表面的过渡膜包裹所述管状部件相应的端部和所述管接头接合处；
(c)将所述过渡膜结合至所述管状部件相应的端部；以及
(d)在所述过渡膜上施用加固系统，包括施用纤维增强的环氧树脂体系，其结合至所述过渡膜的第二侧。
7.权利要求1、5或6所述的方法，其中在所述管接头内的所述管状部件的端部之间的距离是小于约5毫米。
8.权利要求1、5或6所述的方法，其中所述管接头是金属。
9.权利要求5或6所述的方法，其中将所述过渡膜结合至结构的步骤(c)包括施加热至所述过渡膜。
10.至少两个聚烯烃管状部件端对端接合的系统，包括：
设置在管接头中的所述至少两个管状部件，使得它们相应的端部在管接头内；
施用且结合至所述管接头和所述至少两个管状部件的至少一部分的过渡膜，所述过渡膜具有第一侧和第二侧，所述第一侧适合于结合至聚烯烃上；以及
加固系统，施用至所述过渡膜上，其中所述加固系统包括结合至所述过渡膜的第二侧的纤维增强的聚氨酯或纤维增强的环氧树脂体系。
11.权利要求10的系统，其中所述过渡膜包含双材料共挤出膜。
12.权利要求10的系统，其中在所述管接头内的所述管状部件的端部之间的距离是小于约5毫米。
13.权利要求10的系统，其中所述加固系统覆盖基本上所有的所述过渡膜。
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