CN107200931B - 一种微孔发泡密封条 - Google Patents

一种微孔发泡密封条 Download PDF

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CN107200931B
CN107200931B CN201610150515.9A CN201610150515A CN107200931B CN 107200931 B CN107200931 B CN 107200931B CN 201610150515 A CN201610150515 A CN 201610150515A CN 107200931 B CN107200931 B CN 107200931B
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张振秀
张昕
李一楠
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Qingdao University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

本发明提供一种微孔发泡密封条,其配方如下:乙丙橡胶60‑100份,聚丙烯0‑40份,炭黑20‑100份,增塑剂0‑20份,活性剂0‑6份,硫化剂2‑6份;硫化促进剂0‑5份,防老剂1‑5份。并以上述配方提供了制备方法:将乙丙橡胶或者乙丙橡胶与聚丙烯共混物投入密炼机中,依次加入填料、增塑剂、防老剂等,混炼均匀,出料,下片,得到母胶。之后将母胶放置在高温开炼机上,加入硫化剂、促进剂,混炼均匀,下片、成型、挤出预硫化后,放入发泡装置中,制备得到微孔发泡密封条。本发明提供的微孔密封条质轻,微孔,力学性能较好,且无毒环保,可广泛用于汽车、航空航天,机柜、冰箱、集装箱等各种领域。

Description

一种微孔发泡密封条
技术领域
本发明属于高分子材料领域,具体涉及一种微孔发泡密封条,此种密封条可用于汽车、轮船、电器、门窗等各个领域。
背景技术
乙丙橡胶(EPDM)是由乙烯、丙烯以及少量的第三单体共聚而成的橡胶,他的主链上由化学稳定的饱和烃组成,只在侧链中含有不饱和双键,分子内无极性取代基,分子内聚能低,分子链段在较宽的温度范围内保持柔性。因而具有优异的化学稳定性、耐老化性、耐化学药品性,电绝缘性、冲击弹性和低温性能,以及耐热水性能。EPDM橡胶发泡材料可广泛应用于汽车的挡风条,缓冲胶垫,建筑工程用密封垫片,弱点部件的绝热材料、减震材料、简易的潜水服及鞋等制品。
乙丙橡胶/聚丙烯热塑性弹性体(EPDM/PP(TPV))综合了EPDM和PP的优点,即优异的耐臭氧老化性,电绝缘性以及良好的加工性能,是目前TPV中开发最成功的一种,而且在原料、性能及产品价格方面都具有竞争优势。与TPO和CR、EPDM相比,EPDM TPV的性能有以下主要特点;A.压缩永久变形比TPO大有改善,而且也优于EPDM和CR;B.耐油性优于TPO;C.耐侯性能和耐臭氧性能优异。TPV兼具有热塑性塑料加工便利性和热固性橡胶的高弹性,其比重小,成本低,材料可反复回收利用,耐臭氧、耐疲劳、耐高低温,密封性好,压缩永久变形小,耐油、耐溶剂特性显著。可用于汽车各类密封条/密封件,高压点火线、防尘罩、进气管、通风管、缓冲器、方向盘包皮,挡泥板等。
目前的汽车密封条生产采用的发泡配方,基本为化学发泡剂发泡,发泡孔不足、发泡孔不均匀,发泡孔过大,产品的硬度、密度不合标准,闭孔会变成联孔,微孔变成小孔,影响发泡质量,且压缩永久变型较大,会有发泡剂残留。因此,一种力学性能较好,无毒环保的汽车密封条的研制将会代替市面上传统的发泡密封条。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种微孔发泡密封条,并以此提供了排放及其制备工艺,本发明解决了化学发泡密封条泡孔不均、力学性能欠佳、有化学残留等问题,真正意义上提供了一种环保、高强的微孔发泡密封条的制备工艺。
一种微孔发泡密封条,其特征在于,所述原料为:三元乙丙硫化胶或基于聚丙烯/三元乙丙橡胶的热塑性硫化体TPV。
其中,三元乙丙硫化胶配方为:生胶100重量份、填料30-150重量份、增塑剂5-50重量份、活性剂2-5重量份、硫化剂2-4重量份、促进剂0-3.5份。所述生胶为三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)、三元乙丙橡胶与氯化聚乙烯橡胶共混物(EPDM/CM)或者三元乙丙橡胶与乙烯-辛烯共聚物共混物(EPDM/POE),其中EPDM为50-100重量份,CM为0-50重量份,POE为0-50重量份;所述填料为炭黑、碳酸钙、高岭土中的一种或多种;所述增塑剂为芳烃油、石蜡油、环烷油中的任一种;所述活性剂为氧化锌、硬脂酸、硬脂酸锌、聚乙二醇中的一种或多种;所述硫化剂为硫磺S或过氧化二异丙苯DCP中的任一种;所述硫化促进剂为DM,TMTD,TAIC、DPTT中的一种或多种。
一种微孔发泡密封条,其特征在于,制备步骤如下:
1)混炼胶的制备
密炼机温度设置为60-100℃,转速为40-60rpm,将生胶、填料、增塑剂投入密炼机中,混炼5-10min,之后加入硫化剂和促进剂,混炼1.5-3min,混炼均匀,控制排铰温度低于120℃,出料,下片,冷却停放24h,裁片,待用。
2)挤出成型预硫化
挤出机温度设置为40-60℃,将裁好的胶条投入挤出机中,挤出密封条,之后,密封条经过预硫化,预硫化时间为1min-30min,预硫化方式为热空气硫化、热空气-微波辐射硫化或者盐浴硫化。
3)微孔发泡
预硫化好的密封条盘好,放入高压反应釜中,通入物理发泡剂并升温、加压,当物理发泡剂在预硫化物胶中达到饱和后,泄除压力,制得微孔密封条。
4)二次硫化、定型;
将微孔密封条放入另一通道中二次硫化、定型,二次硫化温度为120-180℃,硫化时间为5-60min,硫化方式为热空气硫化、微波辐射交联。
其中,当原料使用TPV时,其制备步骤为挤出成型预硫化--微孔发泡--二次定型三个步骤。
制备步骤3)微孔发泡过程中,反应釜温度设置为60-130℃,压力为5-60Mpa,饱和时间为0.5-10h,泄压时间为10-200s。
其中,所述发泡剂为CO2,N2、丁烷、戊烷中的任一种或几种混合。
附图说明
图1本发明制备方法中,实施例1的扫描电镜图;
图2本发明制备方法中,实施例2的扫描电镜图;
图3本发明制备方法中,实施例3的扫描电镜图;
图4本发明制备方法中,实施例4的扫描电镜图。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体的实施例对本发明的技术方案进行详细的说明,但是本发明的范围不受这些实施例的限制。
实施例1
EPDM 100份,填料180份,增塑剂80份,硫化剂1.2份,促进剂2.2份,活性剂5份。
填料为炭黑100份、碳酸钙80份并用;增塑剂为石蜡油;硫化剂为硫磺;硫化促进剂为TMTD、BZ、DM并用,活性剂为氧化锌。
密炼机温度为90℃,将配方中各种原料按所需重量份称好依次投入生胶、活性剂、填料、增塑剂,混炼5-7min,之后加入硫化剂和促进剂混炼2-3min,控制出料温度低于120℃,出料,下片,裁片。挤出机温度设置为60℃,将裁好的胶条投入挤出机中,挤出密封条,之后,密封条经过热空气通道进行预硫化,预硫化温度为140℃,时间为30min。将预硫化好的密封条盘好,放入高压反应釜中,通入N2,升温至80℃、加压至14Mpa,饱和5h后,泄除压力,制得微孔密封条。将微孔密封条放入另一通道中二次硫化、定型,二次硫化温度为180℃,硫化时间为20min,硫化方式为热空气硫化。
该实施例制得的密封条的密度为1.007g/cm3,压缩永久变形为15.89%(70±2℃,96h)。
实施例2
EPDM/CM 100份,填料140份,增塑剂40份,硫化剂2份,促进剂3份。
EPDM/CM配比为80/20;填料为炭黑60份、碳酸钙80份并用;增塑剂为芳烃油;硫化剂为DCP;硫化促进剂为TAIC。
密炼机温度为90℃,将配方中各种原料按所需重量份称好依次投入生胶、填料、增塑剂,混炼5-7min,之后加入硫化剂和促进剂混炼2-3min,控制出料温度低于120℃,出料,下片,裁片。挤出机温度设置为60℃,将裁好的胶条投入挤出机中,挤出密封条,之后,密封条经过烘道进行热空气-微波预硫化,预硫化温度为150℃,时间为15min。将预硫化好的密封条盘好,放入高压反应釜中,通入N2,升温至80℃、加压至14Mpa,饱和5h后,泄除压力,制得微孔密封条。将微孔密封条放入另一通道中二次硫化、定型,二次硫化温度为170℃,硫化时间为10min,硫化方式为热空气-微波硫化。
该实施例制得的密封条的密度为0.966g/cm3,压缩永久变形为13.41%(70±2℃,96h)。
实施例3
EPDM/POE100份,填料160份,增塑剂50份,硫化剂1.5份,促进剂3份。
EPDM/POE配比为80/20;填料为炭黑20份、碳酸钙100份,高岭土40份并用;增塑剂为石蜡油;硫化剂为DCP;硫化促进剂为TAIC。
密炼机温度为90℃,将配方中各种原料按所需重量份称好依次投入生胶、填料、增塑剂,混炼5-7min,之后加入硫化剂和促进剂混炼2-3min,控制出料温度低于120℃,出料,下片,裁片。挤出机温度设置为60℃,将裁好的胶条投入挤出机中,挤出密封条,之后,密封条经过烘道进行热空气-微波预硫化,预硫化温度为150℃,时间为15min。将预硫化好的密封条盘好,放入高压反应釜中,通入N2,升温至80℃、加压至14Mpa,饱和5h后,泄除压力,制得微孔密封条。将微孔密封条放入另一通道中二次硫化、定型,二次硫化温度为170℃,硫化时间为10min,硫化方式为热空气-微波硫化。
该实施例制得的密封条的密度为0.931g/cm3,压缩永久变形为12.63%(70±2℃,96h)。
实施例4
TPV厂家为深圳塑源的GE 75V。
挤出机挤出参数,从一区到六区为加料口到出料口,温度分别设置为175℃、185℃、195℃、210℃、225℃、215℃;螺杆转速130r/min,机头熔体压力1.0Mpa。挤出,冷却后,将密封条盘好,放入高压反应釜中,通入N2,升温至130℃、加压至18Mpa,饱和3h后,泄除压力,制得微孔密封条。将微孔密封条放入另一烘道中、发泡、定型,烘道温度为165℃,时间为10min。
该实施例制得的密封条的密度为0.788g/cm3,压缩永久变形为10.47%(70±2℃,96h)。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例,并不限制本发明,凡采用等同替换或等效变换的方式所获得的技术方案,均落在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (1)

1.一种微孔发泡密封条的制备方法,其特征在于,
原料为:三元乙丙硫化胶,三元乙丙硫化胶配方为:生胶100重量份、填料30-150重量份、增塑剂5-50重量份、活性剂2-5重量份、硫化剂2-4重量份、促进剂0-5份;其中,所述生胶为三元乙丙橡胶、三元乙丙橡胶与氯化聚乙烯橡胶共混物或者三元乙丙橡胶与乙烯-辛烯共聚物共混物,其中,三元乙丙橡胶为50-100重量份,氯化聚乙烯橡胶为0-50重量份,乙烯-辛烯为0-50重量份;所述填料为炭黑、碳酸钙、高岭土中的一种或多种;所述增塑剂为芳烃油、石蜡油、环烷油中的任一种;所述活性剂为氧化锌、硬脂酸、硬脂酸锌、聚乙二醇中的一种或多种;所述硫化剂为硫磺S或过氧化二异丙苯DCP中的任一种;所述硫化促进剂为DM,TMTD,TAIC、DPTT、BZ中的一种或多种;
制备步骤如下:
1)混炼胶的制备
密炼机温度设置为60-100℃,转速为40-60rpm,将生胶、活性剂、填料、增塑剂投入密炼机中,混炼5-10min,之后加入硫化剂和促进剂,混炼1.5-3min,混炼均匀,控制排铰温度低于120℃,出料,下片,冷却停放24h,裁片,待用;
2)挤出成型预硫化
挤出机温度设置为40-60℃,将裁好的胶条投入挤出机中,挤出密封条,之后,密封条经过预硫化,预硫化时间为1min-30min,预硫化方式为热空气硫化、热空气-微波辐射硫化或者盐浴硫化;
3)微孔发泡
预硫化好的密封条盘好,放入高压反应釜中,通入物理发泡剂并升温、加压态,物理发泡剂为CO2,N2、丁烷、戊烷中的任一种或几种混合,反应釜温度设置为60-130℃,压力为5-30Mpa,当物理发泡剂在预硫化物胶中达到饱和后,饱和时间为0.5-10h,泄除压力,泄压时间为10-200s,制得微孔密封条;
4)二次硫化、定型;
将微孔密封条放入另一通道中二次硫化、定型,二次硫化温度为120-180℃,硫化时间为5-60min,硫化方式为热空气硫化、微波辐射交联。
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