CN108858953A - 一种eva材料的射频发泡方法 - Google Patents

一种eva材料的射频发泡方法 Download PDF

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CN108858953A
CN108858953A CN201810597736.XA CN201810597736A CN108858953A CN 108858953 A CN108858953 A CN 108858953A CN 201810597736 A CN201810597736 A CN 201810597736A CN 108858953 A CN108858953 A CN 108858953A
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eva
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吴清实
朱君秋
吴秋生
罗水源
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Quanzhou Normal University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种EVA材料的射频发泡方法，该方法包含以下步骤：将配方组分混合均匀后得到EVA待发泡母粒，然后将EVA待发泡母料置入发泡模具中，然后对发泡模具施加射频，使得配方组分的极性分子不断运动，相互摩擦并产生热量，进而促使发泡剂受热分解产生气体，得到EVA射频发泡材料。与现有技术相比，本发明利用射频加热促使EVA发泡，发泡更均匀、耗时更短、能耗更低，可大大提高生产效率和经济效益。

Description

一种EVA材料的射频发泡方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种EVA材料技术领域，特别是涉及一种EVA材料的射频发泡方法。
背景技术
目前，EVA(即乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物)是由乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚而成的共聚物，与聚乙烯相比，EVA由于在分子链中引入了醋酸乙烯单体，从而降低了其高结晶度，提高了柔韧性、抗冲击性、填料相容性和热密封性能。由于具有密度低、物性良、耐候性好等特点，广泛用于发泡鞋材、运动器材、膜材料、热熔胶等领域。目前,全球各种品牌的运动鞋的中底材料绝大部分是用EVA及其与树脂、橡胶的共混物的发泡材料。
模压成型(平板发泡)是现有技术中制备EVA发泡材料的最常用的方法。该方法涉及高温或高压制程，以及加热冷却循环过程，花费时间长，且需消耗更多的能源，导致成本增加；同时，制程中涉及的加热方式需由模具向物料由外向内导热，存在受热不均匀，影响制品性能等缺点，从而将降低EVA发泡成型体的经济效益及商业价值。因此，为了提升EVA发泡成型体质量以广泛应用于各类产品，如何提高EVA发泡工艺的效率、降低能耗，如何提升EVA发泡成型体的物性，使其兼具轻质、减震、舒适性等优点，是业界致力的研究热点。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的目的在于提供一种EVA材料的射频发泡方法，其具有受热均匀、节能、省时且制品性能好的优点。
为了达成上述目的，本发明的解决方案是：
一种EVA材料的射频发泡方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将以下重量份的配方组分：主材60-100、发泡剂1-10、发泡促进剂0.5-5、架桥剂0.2-1.5、填充剂3-20和润滑剂0.5-1，混合均匀，得到混合物料；
(2)将步骤(1)中的混合物料混炼均匀，得到待发泡母料；
(3)取步骤(2)中的待发泡母料置入发泡模具；
(4)对装置有待发泡母料的发泡模具施加射频，发泡模具中待发泡母料配方组分中的极性分子不断运动，分子之间相互摩擦并产生热量，发泡剂受热分解产生气体，得到射频发泡材料。
采用上述技术方案后，本发明一种EVA材料的射频发泡方法提供有合适配比的可发泡组合物，进行基于射频加热的发泡制程，即可产出兼具轻质、孔洞分布均匀等优点的EVA发泡材料。相较于传统模压成型技术，本发明的射频加热发泡方法具有受热均匀、节能、省时且兼具环保的优点。利用射频加热，EVA待发泡母料里外同时加热，加热功率分布均匀，EVA待发泡母料受热均匀，综合加热效果好，耗时更短，能耗更低，当EVA待发泡母料温度达到发泡剂分解温度时，促使EVA发泡，发泡更均匀，因此本发明的射频加热可大大提高EVA发泡材料的生产效率和经济效益。
进一步地，步骤(1)中的配方组分还包括吸波助剂0.5-30重量份和交联助剂0.01-1重量份，吸波助剂为具有吸波功能的聚合物的一种或者多种组合。
进一步地，所述聚合物为高分子聚合物，其高分子结构中包括含较高极性的-OH、-NH2、-COOH或-CONH-官能基，或者所述聚合物形成分子内或分子间氢键。
进一步地，所述的吸波助剂为聚氨酯、聚乙二醇或丙三醇。
进一步地，步骤(1)中的主材为EVA，或除EVA外的其它弹性体的共混物。
进一步地，除EVA外的其它弹性体为三元乙丙橡胶或聚烯烃弹性体。
进一步地，在步骤(1)中，发泡促进剂为氧化锌粉或硬脂酸锌；架桥剂为双叔丁基过氧化二异丙基苯或过氧化二异丙苯。
进一步地，在步骤(1)中，填充剂为滑石粉；润滑剂为硬脂酸；交联助剂为三丙烯基异氰脲酸酯。
进一步地，步骤(3)中射频的频率范围为300KHz-3GHz；射频的功率范围为500W-30000W。
进一步地，步骤(3)中射频的频率范围为300KHz-300MHz。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1～8制备的EVA射频发泡材料的SEM图。
具体实施方式
为了进一步解释本发明的技术方案，下面通过具体实施例来对本发明进行详细阐述。
实施例1
一种EVA材料的射频发泡方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)按重量份数计，将100份EVA、5份滑石粉、0.5份硬脂酸(ST/A)、4份氧化锌混合均匀后加入密炼机，密炼8分钟后温度达到100℃，此时加入0.8份B I BP、5份AC发泡剂继续密炼5分钟，混合均匀，得到混合物料；
(2)将步骤(1)中得到的混合物料加入开炼机开炼，开炼温度为115℃，混合均匀后，获得EVA待发泡母料；
(3)根据发泡模具大小，取适当量的步骤(2)中的EVA待发泡母料置入发泡模具中，关闭发泡模具，并在模具上下施加压力将发泡模具压紧，可采用常规的平板硫化仪对发泡模具进行加压；
(4)开启射频设备的电源，产生高频振荡电场，EVA待发泡母料中的强极性组分在高频振荡电场下极性分子会不停地随之转换方向，彼此发生碰撞，相互摩擦进而产生热量，使得EVA待发泡母料温度升高。当达到发泡剂的分解温度时，发泡剂分解产生气体，关闭射频设备；
(5)当EVA待发泡母料发泡完全后，即发泡剂分解完全后，卸压，打开发泡模具，即可获得与发泡模具形状一致的EVA射频发泡材料。
其中，本发明中步骤(1)中涉及的配方组分均为正常市售产品。步骤(4)中所用的射频设备，其射频的频率范围为300KHz-3GHz,优选为300KHz-300MHz；射频的功率范围为500W至30000W，优选为500w-10Kw。
需要说明的是，本发明所选取的吸波助剂为具有吸波功能的高分子聚合物或小分子添加剂。其中，聚合物的高分子结构中包含较高极性的官能基，如-OH、-NH2、-COOH或-CONH-，或者所述聚合物能形成分子内或分子间氢键。小分子添加剂如水、醇类、甘油、石墨、盐等非高分子的化学物质，优选为丙三醇。
实施例2-8
实施例2-8与实施例1的区别在于步骤(1)中各配方组分相应的原料种类和用量不同，详见表1；由于配方存在差别，实施例1-8所制备的EVA射频发泡材料的SEM图也略有不同，详见图1，图1中的图a-h依次对应为实施例1-8的EVA射频发泡材料；并且EVA射频发泡材料的物理特性也存在差异，详见表2。
表1实施例1-8用于制备EVA射频发泡材料的各原料及其用量数列表
注：附表1中的用量均以重量份计
需要说明的是，在混合物料时，交联助剂和吸波助剂与主材(即EVA)同批加入，即先密炼8分钟再密炼5分钟。
表2实施例1～8制备的EVA射频发泡材料的物理特性
由图1可得知，本发明提供的射频发泡方法制得的EVA发泡材料均能正常发泡，且泡孔结构均匀。由表2中的数据可得知，本发明提供的射频发泡方法制得的EVA发泡制品具有优异的轻质、减震、回弹和抗撕裂性能，适用于鞋材、箱包、儿童玩具及各种日用百货行业中，市场潜力巨大，前景广阔。
上述实施例和附图并非限定本发明的产品形态和式样，任何所属技术领域的普通技术人员对其所做的适当变化或修饰，皆应视为不脱离本发明的专利范畴。

Claims (10)

1.一种EVA材料的射频发泡方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)将以下重量份的配方组分：主材60-100、发泡剂1-10、发泡促进剂0.5-5、架桥剂0.2-1.5、填充剂3-20和润滑剂0.5-1，混合均匀，得到混合物料；
(2)将步骤(1)中的混合物料混炼均匀，得到待发泡母料；
(3)取步骤(2)中的待发泡母料置入发泡模具；
(4)对装置有待发泡母料的发泡模具施加射频，发泡模具中待发泡母料配方组分中的极性分子不断运动，分子之间相互摩擦并产生热量，发泡剂受热分解产生气体，得到射频发泡材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种EVA材料的射频发泡方法，其特征在于：步骤(1)中的配方组分还包括吸波助剂0.5-30重量份和交联助剂0.01-1重量份，吸波助剂为具有吸波功能的聚合物的一种或者多种组合。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种EVA材料的射频发泡方法，其特征在于：所述聚合物为高分子聚合物，其高分子结构中包括含较高极性的-OH、-NH2、-COOH或-CONH-官能基，或者所述聚合物形成分子内或分子间氢键。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种EVA材料的射频发泡方法，其特征在于：所述的吸波助剂为聚氨酯、聚乙二醇或丙三醇。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种EVA材料的射频发泡方法，其特征在于：步骤(1)中的主材为EVA，或除EVA外的其它弹性体的共混物。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种EVA材料的射频发泡方法，其特征在于：除EVA外的其它弹性体为三元乙丙橡胶或聚烯烃弹性体。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种EVA材料的射频发泡方法，其特征在于：在步骤(1)中，发泡促进剂为氧化锌粉或硬脂酸锌；架桥剂为双叔丁基过氧化二异丙基苯或过氧化二异丙苯。
8.根据权利要求2所述的一种EVA材料的射频发泡方法，其特征在于：在步骤(1)中，填充剂为滑石粉；润滑剂为硬脂酸；交联助剂为三丙烯基异氰脲酸酯。
9.根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的一种EVA材料的射频发泡方法，其特征在于：步骤(3)中射频的频率范围为300KHz-3GHz；射频的功率范围为500W-30000W。
10.根据权利要求9所述的一种EVA材料的射频发泡方法，其特征在于，步骤(3)中射频的频率范围为300KHz-300MHz。
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