CN112210320B - 一种汽车用磁吸、消音和发泡型补强胶片及其加工工艺 - Google Patents
一种汽车用磁吸、消音和发泡型补强胶片及其加工工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种汽车用磁吸、消音和发泡型补强胶片及其加工工艺,属于汽车阻尼板制作技术领域。本申请配方包括以下组分及其重量份:环氧树脂30~35、丁腈橡胶300~350、环氧固化剂420~440、轻质碳酸钙140~160、炭黑40~42、硬脂酸5~7、无机填料3~5、发泡剂5~15、磁粉100~125和吸音辅助剂5~8;其中,所述发泡剂和吸音辅助剂通过缓释方法加入,发泡剂和吸音辅助剂逐渐、分批次在以上各组分热熔搅拌混合均匀后参与发泡反应,让发泡的过程延长,发泡过程中携带吸音辅助剂共同反应,从而达到气泡和吸音辅助剂均匀分布的技术效果。解决了现有技术中汽车用磁吸、消音和发泡型补强胶片在具体应用中发泡不均的问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于汽车阻尼板制作技术领域,更具体地说,涉及一种汽车用磁吸、消音和发泡型补强胶片及其加工工艺。
背景技术
目前,大多数汽车采用传统的沥青阻尼板,沥青是一种棕黑色有机胶凝状物质,包括天然沥青、石油沥青、页岩沥青和煤焦油沥青等四种。沥青及其烟气中主要成分为酚类、化合物、沥青及其烟气中主要成分为酚类、化合物、蒽、萘、吡啶等对皮肤粘膜具刺激性,沥青阻尼板对人具有较强的致癌作用,这会危害人员的健康,因此如何降低这些有害成分的影响是技术人员面临的永恒课题。
而且,随着汽车行业制造技术的进步,人们越来越关注乘用车车内噪声控制,由于国内汽车制造技术基础比较薄弱,在汽车研发设计时,很难将影响整车NVH品质的要素设计到位,总是在成品车出来之后再进行NVH整改,主要是通过车厢内部地板、内饰等隔音材料的使用,阻隔外界噪声及其振动传递到乘驾舱内,使车内噪声大大降低,因此对汽车隔音材料的性能要求很高。目前沥青类阻尼垫在溶化过程中产生的气体不能及时排出而束缚在阻尼垫与钣金结构间,不仅影响粘接和隔音效果,而且在高温时会产生有害气体,影响车内环境,危害人体健康。
现有技术的补强胶片其树脂层是通过材料共混制备,产品存在重量大、耗材多、成本大等缺陷。一般通过优化发泡处理工艺及材料配方,提高补强胶片的理化性能及各项指标,并且在同等厚度下重量轻,它更加具有轻量化优势,有效的提高产品性能和使用效率的同时,减少原料消耗,降低生产成本,提高资源利用率。但为了保证胶片的强度,发泡剂用量不宜过多,一般占比5%左右,由于用量少,在和胶料的混合过程中,很容易产生预混不均而造成发泡不均的技术问题,从而影响整体的胶片产品使用寿命。
经检索,中国专利申请公布号:CN111423836A,公布日:2020.7.17的发明公开了一种高发泡补强胶片。所述补强胶片由以下质量份的各物质组成:端羧基液体丁腈橡胶1-10;碳酸钙5-50;海因环氧树脂10-40;发泡剂1-5;邻酞酸二丁酯5-20;过氧化物硫化剂0.1-1;固化剂1-10。该发明势在于应用此补强胶片的补强胶片更轻,有利于推动汽车的轻量化。以及其微孔发泡能够增加补强胶片本身的强度,但还是存在发泡不均和消音效果差的技术问题。
发明内容
1、要解决的问题
针对现有技术中汽车用磁吸、消音和发泡型补强胶片在具体应用中发泡不均和消音效果差的问题,本发明提供一种汽车用磁吸、消音和发泡型补强胶片及其加工工艺。将发泡剂结合其它组分通过缓释方法加入,发泡剂逐渐、分批次在物料中混匀后参与发泡反应,让发泡的过程延长,从而达到气泡均匀分布和消音效果好的技术效果。
2、技术方案
为解决上述问题,本发明采用如下的技术方案。
一种汽车用磁吸、消音和发泡型补强胶片,包括以下组分及其重量份:环氧树脂30~35、丁腈橡胶300~350、环氧固化剂420~440、轻质碳酸钙140~160、炭黑40~42、硬脂酸5~7、无机填料3~5、发泡剂5~15、磁粉100~125和吸音辅助剂5~8;其中,所述发泡剂和吸音辅助剂通过缓释方法加入,发泡剂和吸音辅助剂逐渐、分批次在以上各组分热熔搅拌混合均匀后参与发泡反应,让发泡的过程延长,发泡过程中携带吸音辅助剂共同反应,从而达到气泡和吸音辅助剂均匀分布的技术效果。
进一步的,丁腈橡胶以段状丁腈橡胶软胶管的形式加入,粉状的发泡剂和吸音辅助剂可以填充在软胶管中,随着热熔搅拌的进行,发泡剂和吸音辅助剂逐渐被胶管带入逐渐热熔的半流体物料中,在后续的逐渐升温加热过程中,段状丁腈橡胶软胶管也被逐渐热熔化,将其中的发泡剂和吸音辅助剂释放,在后续的持续搅拌过程中充分参与发泡反应,从而实现发泡剂和吸音辅助剂逐渐、分批次在物料热熔搅拌混合均匀过程中充分参与发泡反应的目的。
进一步的,段状丁腈橡胶软胶管的长度为3~15mm,直径为3~6mm,厚度≦1.5mm,该规格的丁腈橡胶软胶管在物料中的缓释效果符合本申请的发泡和吸音的双重技术目的。
进一步的,硬脂酸也通过缓释方法加入,硬脂酸可将发泡剂和吸音辅助剂粘附式混合至段状丁腈橡胶软胶管中,缓释效果更为理想。
进一步的,硬脂酸、段状丁腈橡胶软胶管、发泡剂和吸音辅助剂先混合均匀后再添加其他组分,可进一步提高发泡剂的缓释效果。
一种汽车用磁吸、消音和发泡型补强胶片的加工工艺,步骤为:
S1、缓释剂制作:将发泡剂、吸音辅助剂和段状丁腈橡胶软胶管混合均匀制得缓释剂;
S2、搅拌合成:将各重量份的环氧树脂、环氧固化剂、轻质碳酸钙、炭黑、硬脂酸、无机填料和缓释剂依次放入加热搅拌机进行热熔搅拌合成;
S3、挤出:将热熔合成后的半流体物料转入挤出机挤出成条状体;
S4、压延:将条状体进行压延成片加工;
S4、压延:将条状体进行压延成片加工;
S5、充磁:将成片后的半成品通过充磁机构进行充磁;
S6、覆膜:成片后的半成品进行覆膜式隔离。
进一步的加工工艺,S1步骤中先将硬脂酸熔化后添加段状丁腈橡胶软胶管、发泡剂和吸音辅助剂混合均匀制得缓释剂。
进一步的加工工艺,发泡剂为甲苯磺酰肼、苯磺酰肼、偶氮二甲酰胺和复配偶氮二甲酰胺中的任意一种或任意组合;所述S6步骤中使用涂硅隔离纸进行隔离
3、有益效果
相比于现有技术,本发明的有益效果为:
(1)本发明的汽车用磁吸、消音和发泡型补强胶片,发泡剂和吸音辅助剂通过缓释方法加入,发泡剂和吸音辅助剂逐渐、分批次在各组分热熔搅拌混合均匀后参与发泡反应,让发泡的过程延长,发泡剂成为吸音辅助剂的载体,从而达到气泡和吸音材料均匀分布的技术效果,制得的汽车用磁吸、消音和发泡型补强胶片整体的质量均匀稳定,吸音效果好,使用寿命长;
(2)本发明的汽车用磁吸、消音和发泡型补强胶片,丁腈橡胶以段状丁腈橡胶软胶管的形式加入,粉状的发泡剂和吸音辅助剂可以填充在软胶管中,随着热熔搅拌的进行,发泡剂和吸音辅助剂逐渐被胶管带入逐渐热熔的半流体物料中,在后续的逐渐升温加热过程中,段状丁腈橡胶软胶管也被逐渐热熔化,将其中的发泡剂和吸音辅助剂释放,在后续的持续搅拌过程中充分参与发泡反应,从而实现发泡剂逐渐、分批次在物料热熔搅拌混合均匀过程中充分参与发泡反应的目的;
(3)本发明的汽车用磁吸、消音和发泡型补强胶片,硬脂酸可将发泡剂和吸音辅助剂粘附式混合至段状丁腈橡胶软胶管中,缓释效果更为理想,而且,还提高了其润滑效果;
(4)本发明的汽车用磁吸、消音和发泡型补强胶片,硬脂酸、段状丁腈橡胶软胶管和发泡剂、吸音辅助剂先混合均匀后再添加其他组分,避免其它组分混入胶管中,进一步提高了发泡剂和吸音辅助剂的缓释效果。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进一步进行描述。
实施例1
本实施例的汽车用磁吸、消音和发泡型补强胶片,配方包括以下组分及其重量份:环氧树脂30~35、丁腈橡胶300~350、环氧固化剂420~440、轻质碳酸钙140~160、炭黑40~42、硬脂酸5~7、无机填料3~5、发泡剂5~15、磁粉100~125和吸音辅助剂5~8;在本实施例中,为环氧树脂30、丁腈橡胶300、环氧固化剂420、轻质碳酸钙140、炭黑40、硬脂酸5、无机填料3、发泡剂5、磁粉100和吸音辅助剂5,发泡剂选用甲苯磺酰肼、苯磺酰肼、偶氮二甲酰胺、复配偶氮二甲酰胺类发泡剂中的任一种。吸音辅助剂为聚氨酯粉;丁腈橡胶以段状丁腈橡胶软胶管的形式加入,本实施例中段状丁腈橡胶软胶管的长度为3~15mm,直径为3~6mm,厚度≦1.5mm,本实施例中段状丁腈橡胶软胶管的长度为15mm,直径为3mm,厚度1.5mm。
具体的制作步骤如下:
S1、缓释剂制作:将300份段状丁腈橡胶软胶管、5份甲苯磺酰肼和聚氨酯粉混合均匀制得缓释剂,至少一半的甲苯磺酰肼和聚氨酯粉填充入丁腈橡胶软胶管中;
S2、搅拌合成:将配方中各重量份的环氧树脂、环氧固化剂、轻质碳酸钙、炭黑、硬脂酸、无机填料和S1步骤制得的缓释剂依次放入加热搅拌机进行热熔搅拌合成,搅拌时间,40~60min,搅拌机的出油温度225±25℃,回油温度210±20℃,以保证出料温度≥110℃;
S3、挤出:将热熔合成后的半流体物料转入挤出机挤出成条状体;
S4、压延:将条状体进行压延成片加工;
S5、充磁:将成片后的半成品通过充磁机构进行充磁;
S6、覆膜:成片后的半成品进行覆膜式隔离,并取试验样1。
实施例2
本实施例的汽车用磁吸、消音和发泡型补强胶片,配方包括以下组分及其重量份:环氧树脂35、丁腈橡胶350、环氧固化剂440、轻质碳酸钙160、炭黑42、硬脂酸5、无机填料5、发泡剂15、磁粉100和聚氨酯粉8,发泡剂选用苯磺酰肼。丁腈橡胶部分以段状丁腈橡胶软胶管的形式加入。段状丁腈橡胶软胶管的长度为15mm,直径为6mm,厚度1.0mm。
具体的制作步骤如下:
S1、缓释剂制作:将350份段状丁腈橡胶软胶管、15份甲苯磺酰肼和8份聚氨酯粉混合均匀制得缓释剂,将至少一半的甲苯磺酰肼和聚氨酯粉填充入丁腈橡胶软胶管中;
S2、搅拌合成:将配方中各重量份的环氧树脂、环氧固化剂、轻质碳酸钙、炭黑、硬脂酸、无机填料和S1步骤制得的缓释剂依次放入加热搅拌机进行热熔搅拌合成,搅拌时间,40~60min,搅拌机的出油温度225±25℃,回油温度210±20℃,以保证出料温度≥110℃;
S3、挤出:将热熔合成后的半流体物料转入挤出机挤出成条状体;
S4、压延:将条状体进行压延成片加工;
S5、充磁:将成片后的半成品通过充磁机构进行充磁;
S6、覆膜:成片后的半成品进行覆膜式隔离,并取试验样2。
实施例3
本实施例的汽车用磁吸、消音和发泡型补强胶片,配方包括以下组分及其重量份:环氧树脂33、丁腈橡胶330、环氧固化剂432、轻质碳酸钙150、炭黑41、硬脂酸6、无机填料4、发泡剂10、磁粉125和聚氨酯粉6,发泡剂选用偶氮二甲酰胺。段状丁腈橡胶软胶管的长度为10mm,直径为3mm,厚度1.0mm。
具体的制作步骤如下:
S1、缓释剂制作:将330份段状丁腈橡胶软胶管、10份偶氮二甲酰胺和6份聚氨酯粉混合均匀制得缓释剂,将80%以上的偶氮二甲酰胺和聚氨酯粉填充入丁腈橡胶软胶管中;
S2、搅拌合成:将配方中各重量份的环氧树脂、环氧固化剂、轻质碳酸钙、炭黑、硬脂酸、无机填料和S1步骤制得的缓释剂依次放入加热搅拌机进行热熔搅拌合成,搅拌时间,40~60min,搅拌机的出油温度225±25℃,回油温度210±20℃,以保证出料温度≥110℃;
S3、挤出:将热熔合成后的半流体物料转入挤出机挤出成条状体;
S4、压延:将条状体进行压延成片加工;
S5、充磁:将成片后的半成品通过充磁机构进行充磁;
S6、覆膜:成片后的半成品进行覆膜式隔离,并取试验样3。
实施例1至3的汽车用磁吸、消音和发泡型补强胶片及其制作工艺,丁腈橡胶以段状丁腈橡胶软胶管的形式加入,粉状的发泡剂和聚氨酯粉可以填充在软胶管中,随着热熔搅拌的进行,发泡剂和聚氨酯粉逐渐被胶管带入逐渐热熔的半流体物料中,在后续的逐渐升温加热过程中,段状丁腈橡胶软胶管也被逐渐热熔化,将其中的发泡剂和聚氨酯粉释放,发泡过程中携带聚氨酯粉在后续的持续搅拌过程中充分参与发泡反应,从而实现发泡剂携带聚氨酯粉逐渐、分批次在物料热熔搅拌混合均匀过程中充分参与发泡反应的目的。
实施例4
本实施例的汽车用磁吸、消音和发泡型补强胶片,配方包括以下组分及其重量份:环氧树脂33、丁腈橡胶330、环氧固化剂432、轻质碳酸钙150、炭黑41、硬脂酸6、无机填料4、发泡剂10、磁粉125和聚氨酯粉6,发泡剂选用偶氮二甲酰胺。段状丁腈橡胶软胶管的长度为3mm,直径为3mm,厚度0.5mm。
具体的制作步骤如下:
S1、缓释剂制作:先将6重量份的硬脂酸熔化后再添加330份段状丁腈橡胶软胶管、10份偶氮二甲酰胺和聚氨酯粉6份混合均匀制得缓释剂,硬脂酸可将偶氮二甲酰胺和聚氨酯粉粘附式混合至段状丁腈橡胶软胶管中,这样,一多半的偶氮二甲酰胺能够填充入丁腈橡胶软胶管中;
S2、搅拌合成:将配方中其它重量份的环氧树脂、环氧固化剂、轻质碳酸钙、炭黑、硬脂酸、无机填料和S1步骤制得的缓释剂依次放入加热搅拌机进行热熔搅拌合成,搅拌时间,40~60min,搅拌机的出油温度225±25℃,回油温度210±20℃,以保证出料温度≥110℃;
S3、挤出:将热熔合成后的半流体物料转入挤出机挤出成条状体;
S4、压延:将条状体进行压延成片加工;
S5、充磁:将成片后的半成品通过充磁机构进行充磁;
S6、覆膜:成片后的半成品使用涂硅隔离纸覆膜式隔离,并取试验样4。
对实施例1至4的试验样1至4进行检测,检测结果如表1:
表1汽车用磁吸、消音和发泡型补强胶片检测表
试验样 | 厚度 | 最大补强倍率 | 初始粘结力 | 持粘性 | 断面微孔 |
试验样1 | 1.1mm | 5.8 | 6.6N | 165s | 110nm±,分布均匀 |
试验样2 | 1.1mm | 6.5 | 6.7N | 155s | 110nm±,分布均匀 |
试验样3 | 1.1mm | 6.3 | 6.6N | 156s | 110nm±,分布均匀 |
试验样4 | 1.1mm | 6.6 | 7.2N | 180s | 90nm±,分布均匀 |
实施例1至4产品,密度在1.48g/cm3,比现有一般的补强胶片更轻,有利于推动汽车的轻量化发展,而且发泡产品的气泡孔径小于微米级,其力学强度远远高于不发泡的产品,因产品中存在大量纳米级气孔,也提高产品本身的力学强度,增加了补强倍率。在发泡剂用量少(不大于2%)的情况下,补强倍率还能差不多达到6-7倍。同时由于均匀分布的微孔结构的存在,阻尼减震效果更优良,以及微孔的存在可以分散环氧固化时补强胶片的应力,补强胶片应用时,不会使钢板产生变形。由表1中的数据可看出,试验样4制得的胶片效果最好,说明发泡剂的缓释过程会影响胶片的各项技术参数,而实施例4中硬脂酸可将发泡剂和聚氨酯粉粘附式混合至段状丁腈橡胶软胶管中,说明缓释效果更为理想,而且,在整个生产工艺过程中,操作工还发现后续的挤出工序中,物料挤出通畅,挤出口残料最少,压延工序中也很少有粘辊现象,说明硬脂酸还有一定的缓释效果而提高了其润滑效果。而且,发泡剂和聚氨酯粉通过缓释方法加入,发泡剂和聚氨酯粉逐渐、分批次在各组分热熔搅拌混合均匀后参与发泡反应,让发泡的过程延长,发泡剂成为聚氨酯粉的载体,从而达到气泡和吸音材料均匀分布的技术效果,制得的汽车用磁吸、消音和发泡型补强胶片整体的质量均匀稳定,吸音效果好,使用寿命长。
实施例5
本实施例的汽车用磁吸、消音和发泡型补强胶片,配方及工艺同实施例4,不同之处在于,将20%的磁粉也通过缓释方式加入,其余磁粉按S2的步骤加入,即20%的磁粉也和硬脂酸、发泡剂、聚氨酯粉填充入丁腈橡胶软胶管中后再参与后续的步骤,经检测与钢板的吸附时间能提高8%,说明磁粉也通过缓释方式加入后,其均匀分布的效果提高,其磁吸的效果也就相应的提高。而且,在本实施例中,配方中也无需添加沥青,环境友好,有利于人体的健康需要。
本发明所述实例仅仅是对本发明的优选实施方式进行描述,并非对本发明构思和范围进行限定,在不脱离本发明设计思想的前提下,本领域工程技术人员对本发明的技术方案作出的各种变形和改进,均应落入本发明的保护范围。
Claims (2)
1.一种汽车用磁吸、消音和发泡型补强胶片,其特征在于,包括以下组分及其重量份:环氧树脂30~35、丁腈橡胶300~350、环氧固化剂420~440、轻质碳酸钙140~160、炭黑40~42、硬脂酸5~7、无机填料3~5、发泡剂5~15、磁粉100~125和吸音辅助剂5~8;其中,所述发泡剂和吸音辅助剂通过缓释方法加入,将发泡剂、吸音辅助剂和段状丁腈橡胶软胶管混合均匀制得缓释剂;
所述丁腈橡胶以段状丁腈橡胶软胶管的形式加入;
所述段状丁腈橡胶软胶管的长度为3~15mm,直径为3~6mm,厚度≦1.5mm;
所述发泡剂为甲苯磺酰肼、苯磺酰肼、偶氮二甲酰胺和复配偶氮二甲酰胺中的任意一种或任意组合;所述吸音辅助剂为聚氨酯粉。
2.根据权利要求1所述汽车用磁吸、消音和发泡型补强胶片,其特征在于,所述硬脂酸也通过缓释方法加入,硬脂酸、段状丁腈橡胶软胶管、发泡剂和吸音辅助剂先混合均匀后再添加其他组分。
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