CN106428061A - 一种降噪隔音列车车厢 - Google Patents

一种降噪隔音列车车厢 Download PDF

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CN106428061A
CN106428061A CN201610916580.8A CN201610916580A CN106428061A CN 106428061 A CN106428061 A CN 106428061A CN 201610916580 A CN201610916580 A CN 201610916580A CN 106428061 A CN106428061 A CN 106428061A
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foam layer
open cell
cell foam
noise reduction
sound insulation
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夏钢
方芳
方宁
陈牧遥
方天翼
陈斌
何迎春
宋杨
罗兵
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Suzhou Dacheng Electric Technology Co Ltd
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Suzhou Dacheng Electric Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种降噪隔音列车车厢，包括蒙皮和位于所述蒙皮内侧的吸音板材，所述吸音板材包括由内到外依次设置的密封装饰层、开孔泡沫层和微孔板，所述开孔泡沫层为密度为0.5‑0.895g/cm3的有机高分子开孔泡沫层，且所述开孔泡沫层的平均孔径为0.5µm‑500µm，所述微孔板为穿孔率为10‑15%，平均孔径为300‑800µm的微孔板。本发明的车厢体噪声小，用于列车中能够提高列车内乘车的舒适性。10mm厚度的吸声系数可达到0.735（100Hz‑4000Hz）。

Description

一种降噪隔音列车车厢
技术领域
本发明涉及一种列车车厢，具体涉及一种降噪隔音列车车厢。
背景技术
现有列车提速后噪声问题显得愈加突出，噪声污染严重影响了车内的安静性和乘员的舒适性，因此急需开发一种降低噪声污染的车厢，以提高列车的舒适性。
现有的泡沫消声装置中，材料厚度大，重量大，容易增加车厢自重，造成能源的耗费增多，而且，泡沫寿命短，吸声不充分，使用效果不理想。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术的缺陷，提供一种降噪隔音列车车厢。该车厢降噪效果好，吸音板材使用寿命长。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案是：
一种降噪隔音列车车厢，包括蒙皮和位于所述蒙皮内侧的吸音板材，所述吸音板材包括由内到外依次设置的密封装饰层、开孔泡沫层和微孔板，所述开孔泡沫层为密度为0.5-0.895g/cm3的有机高分子开孔泡沫层，且所述开孔泡沫层的平均孔径为0.5µm-500µm，所述微孔板为穿孔率为10-15%，平均孔径为300-800µm的微孔板。
优选的，所述开孔泡沫层由包括以下组分的原料制备而成：按重量份数计，聚丙烯100份，丙烯均聚物10-15份，碳纤维或玻璃纤维20-35份，发泡剂5-20份，开孔剂5-15份，所述聚丙烯的发泡倍率大于50%。
优选的，所述碳纤维或玻璃纤维的平均长度为1-10mm。
优选的，所述丙烯均聚物的数均分子量为1000-20000，所述聚丙烯为等规度大于98%的均聚聚丙烯，且所述聚丙烯根据ASTMD1238-99，条件230℃ /2.16 kg，测定的溶体流动速率是3-15g/10min。
优选的，所述发泡剂为碳酸氢钠，所述开孔剂为聚醚型多元醇开孔剂。
优选的，所述吸音板材的厚度小于或等于10mm，所述密封装饰层、开孔泡沫层和微孔板之间通过粘合剂粘接。
本发明中，蒙皮采用金属材料或玻璃钢材料，如：铝合金材料、镀锌钢板等。吸音板材中开孔泡沫层的厚度占整个吸音板材厚度的80-90%。所述密封装饰层为不透气的密封薄膜，可以选用塑料或橡胶材质制作。
本发明所达到的有益效果：
本发明的车厢体噪声小，用于列车中能够提高列车内乘车的舒适性。其中开孔泡沫层的泡沫稳定性好，质量轻，泡沫寿命长，吸音板材能长久保持较好的降噪效果。10mm厚度的吸音板材吸声系数可达到0.735（100Hz-4000Hz）。
附图说明
图1是实施例1中吸音板材的示意性剖视图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
一种降噪隔音列车车厢，包括蒙皮和位于所述蒙皮内侧的吸音板材，如图1所示，吸音板材包括由内到外依次设置的密封装饰层1、开孔泡沫2层和微孔板3，开孔泡沫层2为密度为0.510g/cm3的有机高分子开孔泡沫层，且开孔泡沫层2的平均孔径为100µm，微孔板3为穿孔率为12%，平均孔径为300µm的微孔板。
开孔泡沫层2由包括以下组分的原料制备而成：按重量份数计，聚丙烯100份，丙烯均聚物10份，碳纤维20份，碳酸氢钠发泡剂5份，聚醚型多元醇开孔剂5份，聚丙烯的发泡倍率为58%。
以上所称碳纤维平均长度为1mm。丙烯均聚物的数均分子量为1000-20000，聚丙烯为等规度大于98%的均聚聚丙烯，且所述聚丙烯根据ASTMD1238-99，条件230℃ /2.16 kg，测定的溶体流动速率是3-15g/10min。
吸音板材的厚度为10mm，其中密封装饰层1、开孔泡沫层2和微孔板3之间通过粘合剂粘接。
经检测，10mm厚度的吸音板材在100Hz-4000Hz下，吸声系数最高为0.735，最低为0.29。
实施例2
一种降噪隔音列车车厢，包括蒙皮和位于所述蒙皮内侧的吸音板材，所述吸音板材包括由内到外依次设置的密封装饰层、开孔泡沫层和微孔板，所述开孔泡沫层为密度为0.895g/cm3的有机高分子开孔泡沫层，且所述开孔泡沫层的平均孔径为500µm，所述微孔板为穿孔率为15%，平均孔径为300µm的微孔板。
开孔泡沫层由包括以下组分的原料制备而成：按重量份数计，聚丙烯100份，丙烯均聚物15份，碳纤维或玻璃纤维30份，碳酸氢钠发泡剂8份，聚醚型多元醇开孔剂5份，聚丙烯的发泡倍率为50%。
碳纤维或玻璃纤维的平均长度为1mm。
丙烯均聚物的数均分子量为1000-20000，所述聚丙烯为等规度大于98%的均聚聚丙烯，且所述聚丙烯根据ASTMD1238-99，条件230℃ /2.16 kg，测定的溶体流动速率是3-15g/10min。吸音板材的厚度为8mm，密封装饰层、开孔泡沫层和微孔板之间通过粘合剂粘接。
经检测，10mm厚度的吸引板材在100Hz-4000Hz下，吸声系数最高为0.695，最低为0.28。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和变形，这些改进和变形也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (6)

1.一种降噪隔音列车车厢，其特征在于，包括蒙皮和位于所述蒙皮内侧的吸音板材，所述吸音板材包括由内到外依次设置的密封装饰层、开孔泡沫层和微孔板，所述开孔泡沫层为密度为0.5-0.895g/cm3的有机高分子开孔泡沫层，且所述开孔泡沫层的平均孔径为0.5µm-500µm，所述微孔板为穿孔率为10-15%，平均孔径为300-800µm的微孔板。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种降噪隔音列车车厢，其特征在于，所述开孔泡沫层由包括以下组分的原料制备而成：按重量份数计，聚丙烯100份，丙烯均聚物10-15份，碳纤维或玻璃纤维20-35份，发泡剂5-20份，开孔剂5-15份，所述聚丙烯的发泡倍率大于50%。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种降噪隔音列车车厢，其特征在于，所述碳纤维或玻璃纤维的平均长度为1-10mm。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种降噪隔音列车车厢，其特征在于，所述丙烯均聚物的数均分子量为1000-20000，所述聚丙烯为等规度大于98%的均聚聚丙烯，且所述聚丙烯根据ASTMD1238-99，条件230℃ /2.16 kg，测定的溶体流动速率是3-15g/10min。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种降噪隔音列车车厢，其特征在于，所述发泡剂为碳酸氢钠，所述开孔剂为聚醚型多元醇开孔剂。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种降噪隔音列车车厢，其特征在于，所述吸音板材的厚度小于或等于10mm，所述密封装饰层、开孔泡沫层和微孔板之间通过粘合剂粘接。
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CN113665607A (zh) * 2021-09-01 2021-11-19 中国海洋大学 一种高速列车减小空气阻力和降低车内噪声的仿生外表面结构

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CN111169106A (zh) * 2018-11-09 2020-05-19 聚纺股份有限公司 纺织物
CN113665607A (zh) * 2021-09-01 2021-11-19 中国海洋大学 一种高速列车减小空气阻力和降低车内噪声的仿生外表面结构

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