CN107200931A - 一种微孔发泡密封条 - Google Patents
一种微孔发泡密封条 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种微孔发泡密封条，其配方如下：乙丙橡胶60-100份，聚丙烯0-40份，炭黑20-100份，增塑剂0-20份，活性剂0-6份，硫化剂2-6份；硫化促进剂0-5份，防老剂1-5份。并以上述配方提供了制备方法：将乙丙橡胶或者乙丙橡胶与聚丙烯共混物投入密炼机中，依次加入填料、增塑剂、防老剂等，混炼均匀，出料，下片，得到母胶。之后将母胶放置在高温开炼机上，加入硫化剂、促进剂，混炼均匀，下片、成型、挤出预硫化后，放入发泡装置中，制备得到微孔发泡密封条。本发明提供的微孔密封条质轻，微孔，力学性能较好，且无毒环保，可广泛用于汽车、航空航天，机柜、冰箱、集装箱等各种领域。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于高分子材料领域，具体涉及一种微孔发泡密封条，此种密封条可用于汽车、轮船、电器、门窗等各个领域。
背景技术
乙丙橡胶(EPDM)是由乙烯、丙烯以及少量的第三单体共聚而成的橡胶，他的主链上由化学稳定的饱和烃组成，只在侧链中含有不饱和双键，分子内无极性取代基，分子内聚能低，分子链段在较宽的温度范围内保持柔性。因而具有优异的化学稳定性、耐老化性、耐化学药品性，电绝缘性、冲击弹性和低温性能，以及耐热水性能。EPDM橡胶发泡材料可广泛应用于汽车的挡风条，缓冲胶垫，建筑工程用密封垫片，弱点部件的绝热材料、减震材料、简易的潜水服及鞋等制品。
乙丙橡胶/聚丙烯热塑性弹性体(EPDM/PP(TPV))综合了EPDM和PP的优点，即优异的耐臭氧老化性，电绝缘性以及良好的加工性能，是目前TPV中开发最成功的一种，而且在原料、性能及产品价格方面都具有竞争优势。与TPO和CR、EPDM相比，EPDM TPV的性能有以下主要特点；A.压缩永久变形比TPO大有改善，而且也优于EPDM和CR；B.耐油性优于TPO；C.耐侯性能和耐臭氧性能优异。TPV兼具有热塑性塑料加工便利性和热固性橡胶的高弹性，其比重小，成本低，材料可反复回收利用，耐臭氧、耐疲劳、耐高低温，密封性好，压缩永久变形小，耐油、耐溶剂特性显著。可用于汽车各类密封条/密封件，高压点火线、防尘罩、进气管、通风管、缓冲器、方向盘包皮，挡泥板等。
目前的汽车密封条生产采用的发泡配方，基本为化学发泡剂发泡，发泡孔不足、发泡孔不均匀，发泡孔过大，产品的硬度、密度不合标准，闭孔会变成联孔，微孔变成小孔，影响发泡质量，且压缩永久变型较大，会有发泡剂残留。因此，一种力学性能较好，无毒环保的汽车密封条的研制将会代替市面上传统的发泡密封条。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种微孔发泡密封条，并以此提供了排放及其制备工艺，本发明解决了化学发泡密封条泡孔不均、力学性能欠佳、有化学残留等问题，真正意义上提供了一种环保、高强的微孔发泡密封条的制备工艺。
一种微孔发泡密封条，其特征在于，所述原料为：三元乙丙硫化胶或基于聚丙烯/三元乙丙橡胶的热塑性硫化体TPV。
其中，三元乙丙硫化胶配方为：生胶100重量份、填料30-150重量份、增塑剂5-50重量份、活性剂2-5重量份、硫化剂2-4重量份、促进剂0-3.5份。所述生胶为三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)、三元乙丙橡胶与氯化聚乙烯橡胶共混物(EPDM/CM)或者三元乙丙橡胶与乙烯-辛烯共聚物共混物(EPDM/POE)，其中EPDM为50-100重量份，CM为0-50重量份，POE为0-50重量份；所述填料为炭黑、碳酸钙、高岭土中的一种或多种；所述增塑剂为芳烃油、石蜡油、环烷油中的任一种；所述活性剂为氧化锌、硬脂酸、硬脂酸锌、聚乙二醇中的一种或多种；所述硫化剂为硫磺S或过氧化二异丙苯DCP中的任一种；所述硫化促进剂为DM，TMTD，TAIC、DPTT中的一种或多种。
一种微孔发泡密封条，其特征在于，制备步骤如下：
1)混炼胶的制备
密炼机温度设置为60-100℃，转速为40-60rpm，将生胶、填料、增塑剂投入密炼机中，混炼5-10min，之后加入硫化剂和促进剂，混炼1.5-3min，混炼均匀，控制排铰温度低于120℃，出料，下片，冷却停放24h，裁片，待用。
2)挤出成型预硫化
挤出机温度设置为40-60℃，将裁好的胶条投入挤出机中，挤出密封条，之后，密封条经过预硫化，预硫化时间为1min-30min，预硫化方式为热空气硫化、热空气-微波辐射硫化或者盐浴硫化。
3)微孔发泡
预硫化好的密封条盘好，放入高压反应釜中，通入物理发泡剂并升温、加压，当物理发泡剂在预硫化物胶中达到饱和后，泄除压力，制得微孔密封条。
4)二次硫化、定型；
将微孔密封条放入另一通道中二次硫化、定型，二次硫化温度为120-180℃，硫化时间为5-60min，硫化方式为热空气硫化、微波辐射交联。
其中，当原料使用TPV时，其制备步骤为挤出成型预硫化--微孔发泡--二次定型三个步骤。
制备步骤3)微孔发泡过程中，反应釜温度设置为60-130℃，压力为5-60Mpa，饱和时间为0.5-10h，泄压时间为10-200s。
其中，所述发泡剂为CO2，N2、丁烷、戊烷中的任一种或几种混合。
附图说明
图1本发明制备方法中，实施例1的扫描电镜图；
图2本发明制备方法中，实施例2的扫描电镜图；
图3本发明制备方法中，实施例3的扫描电镜图；
图4本发明制备方法中，实施例4的扫描电镜图。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体的实施例对本发明的技术方案进行详细的说明，但是本发明的范围不受这些实施例的限制。
实施例1
EPDM 100份，填料180份，增塑剂80份，硫化剂1.2份，促进剂2.2份，活性剂5份。
填料为炭黑100份、碳酸钙80份并用；增塑剂为石蜡油；硫化剂为硫磺；硫化促进剂为TMTD、BZ、DM并用，活性剂为氧化锌。
密炼机温度为90℃，将配方中各种原料按所需重量份称好依次投入生胶、活性剂、填料、增塑剂，混炼5-7min，之后加入硫化剂和促进剂混炼2-3min，控制出料温度低于120℃，出料，下片，裁片。挤出机温度设置为60℃，将裁好的胶条投入挤出机中，挤出密封条，之后，密封条经过热空气通道进行预硫化，预硫化温度为140℃，时间为30min。将预硫化好的密封条盘好，放入高压反应釜中，通入N2，升温至80℃、加压至14Mpa，饱和5h后，泄除压力，制得微孔密封条。将微孔密封条放入另一通道中二次硫化、定型，二次硫化温度为180℃，硫化时间为20min，硫化方式为热空气硫化。
该实施例制得的密封条的密度为1.007g/cm3，压缩永久变形为15.89％(70±2℃，96h)。
实施例2
EPDM/CM 100份，填料140份，增塑剂40份，硫化剂2份，促进剂3份。
EPDM/CM配比为80/20；填料为炭黑60份、碳酸钙80份并用；增塑剂为芳烃油；硫化剂为DCP；硫化促进剂为TAIC。
密炼机温度为90℃，将配方中各种原料按所需重量份称好依次投入生胶、填料、增塑剂，混炼5-7min，之后加入硫化剂和促进剂混炼2-3min，控制出料温度低于120℃，出料，下片，裁片。挤出机温度设置为60℃，将裁好的胶条投入挤出机中，挤出密封条，之后，密封条经过烘道进行热空气-微波预硫化，预硫化温度为150℃，时间为15min。将预硫化好的密封条盘好，放入高压反应釜中，通入N2，升温至80℃、加压至14Mpa，饱和5h后，泄除压力，制得微孔密封条。将微孔密封条放入另一通道中二次硫化、定型，二次硫化温度为170℃，硫化时间为10min，硫化方式为热空气-微波硫化。
该实施例制得的密封条的密度为0.966g/cm3，压缩永久变形为13.41％(70±2℃，96h)。
实施例3
EPDM/POE100份，填料160份，增塑剂50份，硫化剂1.5份，促进剂3份。
EPDM/POE配比为80/20；填料为炭黑20份、碳酸钙100份，高岭土40份并用；增塑剂为石蜡油；硫化剂为DCP；硫化促进剂为TAIC。
密炼机温度为90℃，将配方中各种原料按所需重量份称好依次投入生胶、填料、增塑剂，混炼5-7min，之后加入硫化剂和促进剂混炼2-3min，控制出料温度低于120℃，出料，下片，裁片。挤出机温度设置为60℃，将裁好的胶条投入挤出机中，挤出密封条，之后，密封条经过烘道进行热空气-微波预硫化，预硫化温度为150℃，时间为15min。将预硫化好的密封条盘好，放入高压反应釜中，通入N2，升温至80℃、加压至14Mpa，饱和5h后，泄除压力，制得微孔密封条。将微孔密封条放入另一通道中二次硫化、定型，二次硫化温度为170℃，硫化时间为10min，硫化方式为热空气-微波硫化。
该实施例制得的密封条的密度为0.931g/cm3，压缩永久变形为12.63％(70±2℃，96h)。
实施例4
TPV厂家为深圳塑源的GE 75V。
挤出机挤出参数，从一区到六区为加料口到出料口，温度分别设置为175℃、185℃、195℃、210℃、225℃、215℃；螺杆转速130r/min，机头熔体压力1.0Mpa。挤出，冷却后，将密封条盘好，放入高压反应釜中，通入N2，升温至130℃、加压至18Mpa，饱和3h后，泄除压力，制得微孔密封条。将微孔密封条放入另一烘道中、发泡、定型，烘道温度为165℃，时间为10min。
该实施例制得的密封条的密度为0.788g/cm3，压缩永久变形为10.47％(70±2℃，96h)。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例，并不限制本发明，凡采用等同替换或等效变换的方式所获得的技术方案，均落在本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (6)
1.一种微孔发泡密封条，其特征在于，所述原料为：三元乙丙硫化胶或基于聚丙烯/三元乙丙橡胶的热塑性硫化体TPV。
2.根据权利要求书1所述的一种微孔发泡密封条，其特征在于，三元乙丙硫化胶配方为：生胶100重量份、填料30-150重量份、增塑剂5-50重量份、活性剂2-5重量份、硫化剂2-4重量份、促进剂0-5份；其中，所述生胶为三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)、三元乙丙橡胶与氯化聚乙烯橡胶共混物(EPDM/CM)或者三元乙丙橡胶与乙烯-辛烯共聚物共混物(EPDM/POE)，其中EPDM为50-100重量份，CM为0-50重量份，POE为0-50重量份；所述填料为炭黑、碳酸钙、高岭土中的一种或多种；所述增塑剂为芳烃油、石蜡油、环烷油中的任一种；所述活性剂为氧化锌、硬脂酸、硬脂酸锌、聚乙二醇中的一种或多种；所述硫化剂为硫磺S或过氧化二异丙苯DCP中的任一种；所述硫化促进剂为DM，TMTD，TAIC、DPTT、BZ中的一种或多种。
3.一种微孔发泡密封条，其特征在于，制备步骤如下：
1)混炼胶的制备
密炼机温度设置为60-100℃，转速为40-60rpm，将生胶、填料、增塑剂投入密炼机中，混炼5-10min，之后加入硫化剂和促进剂，混炼1.5-3min，混炼均匀，控制排铰温度低于120℃，出料，下片，冷却停放24h，裁片，待用。
2)挤出成型预硫化
挤出机温度设置为40-60℃，将裁好的胶条投入挤出机中，挤出密封条，之后，密封条经过预硫化，预硫化时间为1min-30min，预硫化方式为热空气硫化、热空气-微波辐射硫化或者盐浴硫化。
3)微孔发泡
预硫化好的密封条盘好，放入高压反应釜中，通入物理发泡剂并升温、加压态，当物理发泡剂在预硫化物胶中达到饱和后，泄除压力，制得微孔密封条。
4)二次硫化、定型；
将微孔密封条放入另一通道中二次硫化、定型，二次硫化温度为120-180℃，硫化时间为5-60min，硫化方式为热空气硫化、微波辐射交联。
4.一种微孔发泡密封条，其特征在于，当原料使用TPV时，其制备步骤为挤出成型预硫化，微孔发泡，二次定型三个步骤。
5.一种微孔发泡密封条，其特征在于，制备步骤3)微孔发泡过程中，反应釜温度设置为60-130℃，压力为5-30Mpa，饱和时间为0.5-10h，泄压时间为10-200s。
6.一种微孔发泡密封条，其特征在于，所述物理发泡剂为CO2，N2、丁烷、戊烷中的任一种或几种混合。
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