CN107200827B - 一种用于冰箱门体翻转梁的发泡聚氨酯及其应用 - Google Patents
一种用于冰箱门体翻转梁的发泡聚氨酯及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于冰箱门体翻转梁的发泡聚氨酯及其应用，其中用于冰箱门体翻转梁的发泡聚氨酯的原料按质量份数构成如下：组合聚醚100份，物理发泡剂15‑20份，异氰酸酯155‑170份。以本发明发泡聚氨酯作为冰箱门体翻转梁中的保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫，该翻转梁相较普通翻转梁具有良好的保温性能，降低翻转梁处凝露风险；同时聚氨酯硬泡较EPS泡沫强度较高，因此提高了翻转梁整体强度，不易弯曲变形。本发明所采用的聚氨酯发泡料具有高流动性，便于发泡料在翻转梁狭窄的内部流动，且填充良好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于冰箱门体翻转梁的发泡聚氨酯及其应用，属于家用电器领域。
背景技术
随着家用冰箱对能耗的要求越来越高，冰箱节能技术不断发展，对冰箱门体翻转梁的保温性能愈加重视。目前冰箱所广泛使用的普通聚苯乙烯(以下简称EPS)泡沫翻转梁已不能满足节能技术需求，因此提高冰箱门体翻转梁保温性能势在必行。
一般来说，硬质聚氨酯泡沫的热导率为20mw/mk左右，而EPS泡沫的热导率为40mw/mk左右，换而言之硬质聚氨酯的保温性能比EPS泡沫高一倍，因此将门体翻转梁中的EPS泡沫更换为聚氨酯硬泡，可以提高翻转梁保温性能，降低翻转梁加热丝加热频率，从而降低冰箱整机能耗，并且降低翻转梁凝露的风险；同时聚氨酯泡沫比EPS泡沫强度高，可以有效改善翻转梁形变，保持翻转梁尺寸稳定性，有利于提高冰箱的观感体验。
但是一般的聚氨酯原料粘度相对较大，很难在狭长且阻碍较多的冰箱门转梁内里顺畅流动，存在填充不良的现象，反而达不到提高保温性能的目的，因此需要开发一款流动性良好的聚氨酯发泡原料。
发明内容
本发明是为解决上述现有技术所存在的不足之处，提供一种用于冰箱门体翻转梁的高流动性的聚氨酯发泡原料及其应用，该翻转梁采用聚氨酯发泡原料发泡制作，所用聚氨酯发泡原料具有高流动性，在狭窄的翻转梁内部可以填充均匀。
本发明用于冰箱门体翻转梁的发泡聚氨酯，其原料按质量份数构成如下：
组合聚醚 100份；
物理发泡剂 15-20份；
异氰酸酯 155-170份；
所述物理发泡剂为环戊烷或异戊烷；
所述异氰酸酯为多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯，异氰酸根含量30-32％，室温下粘度为300-450mPa·s；
所述组合聚醚包括聚醚多元醇、催化剂、水和匀泡剂等组成，在25℃测试条件下粘度为2500-3000mPa·s，组合聚醚与发泡剂混合后，在25℃测试条件下粘度为200-300mPa·s。所述组合聚醚由巴斯夫聚氨酯特种产品(中国)有限公司提供，牌号为CH2031/151。
所述聚醚多元醇按质量百分比由如下组份构成：
羟值为250～500mgKOH/g的聚醚多元醇A 30％～50％；
羟值为300～500mgKOH/g的聚醚多元醇B 30％～50％；
羟值为250～500mgKOH/g的聚醚多元醇C 20％～35％；
所述聚醚多元醇A是以甘露醇和/或山梨醇为起始剂的聚醚多元醇；
所述聚醚多元醇B是以三羟甲基丙烷和/或蔗糖为起始剂的聚醚多元醇；
所述聚醚多元醇C是以三乙醇胺、乙二胺、甲醛、苯酚或甲苯二胺的几种经曼式反应得到产物为起始剂的氨基聚醚多元醇。
本发明冰箱门体翻转梁，所述翻转梁中的保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫为上述发泡聚氨酯材料，制备方法包括如下步骤：
步骤1：在物料温度15～25℃条件下，将组合聚醚和物理发泡剂按配比量混合，得到混合白料；
步骤2：在物料温度15～25℃条件下，将异氰酸酯放入预混罐中搅拌均匀，得到黑料；
步骤3：在物料温度15～25℃条件下，按配比量将黑料与混合白料通过高压发泡机混合后快速注入待发泡的翻转梁中；
步骤4：待发泡的翻转梁模具温度控制在40～55℃，发泡原料在模具中填充系数α为1.3～1.6，固化150s～400s后脱模，即在翻转梁中形成保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫。
本发明中发泡剂的组份比常规的组份要高(常规组份为12-13份)高组份的发泡剂可以提高原料的流动性能，从而可以有效填充满狭窄的门转梁空间。
本发明的有益效果体现在：
1、本发明的翻转梁有较高的保温性能，提高翻转梁的表面温度，可使翻转梁上加热丝加热频率降低，从而降低冰箱整机能耗；
2、本发明的翻转梁，有较高的表面温度，可以有效降低翻转梁凝露风险；
3、本发明的翻转梁内部为聚氨酯泡沫，有较高的物理强度，有利于提高翻转梁整体的尺寸稳定性，翻转梁不易形变。
附图说明
图1为本发明翻转梁制作注料截面示意图；
图中标号：1为高压发泡机枪头，2为翻转梁注料孔，3为翻转梁，4为翻转梁模具。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施例说明本发明，但本发明并不仅仅限定于实施例中实施方式。
实施例1：
本实施例中用于冰箱门体翻转梁的高流动性发泡聚氨酯，其原料按质量份数构成如下：
组合聚醚 100份，
发泡剂环戊烷 18份，
异氰酸酯 161份；
所述组合聚醚包括聚醚多元醇、催化剂、水和匀泡剂等组成，在25℃测试条件下粘度为2500-3000mPa·s，组合聚醚与发泡剂混合后，在25℃测试条件下粘度为200-300mPa·s。所述组合聚醚由巴斯夫聚氨酯特种产品(中国)有限公司提供，牌号为CH2031/151。
所述异氰酸酯为多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯，异氰酸根含量30-32％，室温下粘度为300-450mPa·s；
本实施例冰箱门体翻转梁，所述翻转梁中的保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫为上述发泡聚氨酯材料，制备方法包括如下步骤：
1、在物料温度20℃条件下，将组合聚醚和发泡剂环戊烷按配比量混合，得到混合白料；
2、在物料温度20℃条件下，将多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯放入预混罐中搅拌均匀，得到黑料；
3、在物料温度20℃条件下，按配比量将黑料与混合白料通过高压发泡机混合，通过翻转梁注料孔快速注入翻转梁模具中；
4、待发泡的翻转梁模具温度控制在45℃，发泡原料在模具中填充系数α为1.4，固化200s后脱模，即在翻转梁中形成保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫，得到冰箱门体翻转梁。
对比例：
本对比例中用于冰箱常规的发泡聚氨酯，其原料按质量份数构成如下：
组合聚醚 100份，
发泡剂环戊烷 12份，
异氰酸酯 157份；
所述组合聚醚包括聚醚多元醇、催化剂、水和匀泡剂等组成，在25℃测试条件下粘度为4000-5000mPa·s，组合聚醚与发泡剂混合后，在25℃测试条件下粘度为400-500mPa·s。所述组合聚醚由巴斯夫聚氨酯特种产品(中国)有限公司提供，牌号为CH2029/151。
所述异氰酸酯为多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯，异氰酸根含量30-32％，室温下粘度为300-450mPa·s；
本对比例冰箱门体翻转梁，所述翻转梁中的保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫为上述发泡聚氨酯材料，制备方法包括如下步骤：
1、在物料温度20℃条件下，将组合聚醚和发泡剂环戊烷按配比量混合，得到混合白料；
2、在物料温度20℃条件下，将多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯放入预混罐中搅拌均匀，得到黑料；
3、在物料温度20℃条件下，按配比量将黑料与混合白料通过高压发泡机混合，通过翻转梁注料孔快速注入翻转梁模具中；
4、待发泡的翻转梁模具温度控制在45℃，发泡原料在模具中填充系数α为1.4，固化200s后脱模，即在翻转梁中形成保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫，得到冰箱门体翻转梁。
具体效果见下表：
| 参数 | 实施例1 | 对比例 |
| 黑白料料比 | 1.40:1 | 1.40:1 |
| 环戊烷份数 | 18 | 12 |
| 物料温度℃ | 20 | 20 |
| 模具温度℃ | 45 | 45 |
| 填充系数α | 1.4 | 1.4 |
| 固化时间s | 200 | 200 |
| 拉丝时间s | 48 | 51 |
| 平均芯密度kg/m<sup>3</sup> | 36.3 | 36.7 |
| 最大芯密度与最小芯密度差值kg/m<sup>3</sup> | 2.3 | 4.2 |
| 平均导热系数10℃mW/mK | 19.5 | 20.2 |
由上表可以看出，采用高流动聚氨酯发泡原料，可以使芯密度分布均匀，填充性良好；同时还可以提高聚氨酯泡沫的保温性能。
Claims (1)
1.一种用于冰箱门体翻转梁的保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫的制备方法，其特征在于包括如下步骤：
步骤1：在物料温度20℃条件下，将组合聚醚和发泡剂环戊烷按配比量混合，得到混合白料；
步骤2：在物料温度20℃条件下，将多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯放入预混罐中搅拌均匀，得到黑料；
步骤3：在物料温度20℃条件下，按配比量将黑料与混合白料通过高压发泡机混合，通过翻转梁注料孔快速注入翻转梁模具中；
步骤4：待发泡的翻转梁模具温度控制在45℃，发泡原料在模具中填充系数α为1.4，固化200s后脱模，即在翻转梁中形成保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫，得到冰箱门体翻转梁；
所述发泡聚氨酯的原料按质量份数构成如下：
组合聚醚 100份；
物理发泡剂 18份；
异氰酸酯 161份；
所述物理发泡剂为环戊烷；
所述异氰酸酯为多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯，异氰酸根含量30-32％，室温下粘度为300-450mPa·s；
所述组合聚醚牌号为CH2031/151，在25℃下粘度为2500-3000mPa·s；所述组合聚醚与发泡剂混合后，在25℃下粘度为200-300mPa·s。
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