CN107522844A - 一种用于冰箱的聚氨酯泡沫及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种用于冰箱的聚氨酯泡沫及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107522844A
CN107522844A CN201710890918.1A CN201710890918A CN107522844A CN 107522844 A CN107522844 A CN 107522844A CN 201710890918 A CN201710890918 A CN 201710890918A CN 107522844 A CN107522844 A CN 107522844A
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polyurethane foam
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刘鹏
江峰
吴园
蔡训儒
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Hefei Meiling Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于冰箱的聚氨酯泡沫及其制备方法，涉及发泡泡沫技术领域，所述聚氨酯泡沫的各原料按质量份的组成为：组合聚醚为100份；物理发泡剂1为10‑12份；物理发泡剂2为3‑6份；异氰酸酯130‑160份，并通过制备方法制备和填充至冰箱箱体内，采用的聚氨酯泡沫提高了冰箱的保温性能，降低了冰箱使用时的能耗；采用少量的性能优异的物理发泡剂，既提高了硬质聚氨酯泡沫的保温性能，又控制了发泡原料成本，有极高的性价比；采用双枪头将发泡原料注入到模具中，可以缩短发泡原料在箱体中的流动距离，也使发泡原料更好的填充。

Description

一种用于冰箱的聚氨酯泡沫及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及发泡泡沫技术领域，特别是一种用于冰箱低温存储使用的聚氨酯泡沫。
背景技术
家电产品的节能一直是家电企业核心技术，人们对家电节能的要求也越来越高。冰箱发泡保温对冰箱能耗的影响非常重大，随着节能减排政策深入人心，因此如何提高冰箱发泡保温技术势在必行。
目前冰箱所广泛使用的常规发泡技术存在瓶颈，在冰箱所使用的常规发泡泡沫中，不进行技术革新，常规发泡技术已很难有重大的突破。而传统的发泡泡沫保温效果一般的原因主要是因为高粘度的发泡泡沫在填充过程中，极易发生在模具中填充不全的情况。
发明内容
本发明正是为了避免上述现有技术所存在的不足之处，提供了一种用于冰箱的聚氨酯泡沫及其制备方法，解决了高粘度的发泡泡沫在填充过程中，极易发生在模具中填充不全的情况。
本发明为解决技术问题采用如下技术方案：
一种用于冰箱的聚氨酯泡沫，所述聚氨酯泡沫的各原料按质量份的组成为：
进一步地，所述组合聚醚的官能度为3-8。
进一步地，所述的物理发泡剂1为环戊烷。
进一步地，所述物理发泡剂2为HFO-1233zd、HFC-245fa的其中一种。
进一步地，所述异氰酸酯为多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯，其中异氰酸根含量30-32％。
所述的用于冰箱的聚氨酯泡沫制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)在15～25℃下，将组合聚醚、物理发泡剂1、物理发泡剂2按重量份配比混均，得到混合白料；
2)在15～25℃下，将异氰酸酯放入预混罐中搅拌均匀，得到黑料；
3)将用于盛放聚氨酯泡沫的发泡模具控制温度在40～55℃，按配比将黑料与混合白料混合后，注入到发泡箱体中。
4)发泡原料在模具中经过填充系数α为1.5～1.8，固化为150s～350s后，脱模，得到聚氨酯泡沫。
进一步地，所述步骤4)中采用双枪头将发泡原料注入模具中。
本发明提供了一种用于冰箱的聚氨酯泡沫及其制备方法，具有以下有益效果：
1、本发明的聚氨酯泡沫保温性能较好，由该体系发泡原料制成的硬质聚氨酯泡沫导热系数较低，从而提高冰箱的保温性能，降低了冰箱使用时的能耗。
2、本发明的聚氨酯泡沫，采用少量的性能优异的物理发泡剂，既提高了硬质聚氨酯泡沫的保温性能，又控制了发泡原料成本，有极高的性价比。
3、本发明采用双枪头将发泡原料注入到模具中，可以缩短发泡原料在箱体中的流动距离，也使发泡原料更好的填充。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1：
本实施例聚氨酯泡沫的各原料按质量份的组成为：
利用本实施例的聚氨酯泡沫，制造冰箱箱体中的保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫的步骤如下：
1)在原料温度18℃条件下，将组合聚醚、物理发泡剂245fa和CP按配比混合，得到混合白料；
2)在原料温度18℃条件下，将异氰酸酯放入预混罐中搅拌均匀，得到黑料；
3)将待发泡的箱体发泡模具温度控制在45℃，按配比将黑料与混合白料通过过高压发泡机发泡机混合后，使用两个独立枪头将原料注入待发泡箱体中；
4)发泡原料在模具中填充系数α为1.6，经过250s固化后，从模具中取出发泡箱体，即在冰箱箱体中形成保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫。
待发泡箱体冷却至室温后，将箱体中的硬质聚氨酯泡沫取出，并测试其相关性能。
实施例2：
本实施例聚氨酯泡沫的各原料按质量份的组成为：
利用本实施例的聚氨酯泡沫，制造冰箱箱体中的保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫的方法与实施例1 相同。
待发泡箱体冷却至室温后，将箱体中的硬质聚氨酯泡沫取出，并测试其相关性能。
对比例
本实施例聚氨酯泡沫的各原料按质量份的组成为：
组合聚醚 100份；
物理发泡剂CP 13份；
异氰酸酯 160份。
利用本实施例的聚氨酯泡沫为目前冰箱常规泡沫，未采用高粘度快反应聚氨酯发泡原料以及抽真空的发泡设备，制备冰箱发泡箱体中的保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫的方法如下：
1)在物料温度20℃条件下，将组合聚醚、物理发泡剂CP按配比混合，得到混合白料；
2)在物料温度20℃条件下，将异氰酸酯放入预混罐中搅拌均匀，得到黑料；
3)在物料温度20℃条件下，按配比将黑料与混合白料通过高压发泡机混合后，快速注入待发泡的冰箱箱体中；
4)将待发泡的箱体发泡模具温度控制在45℃，发泡原料在模具中填充系数α为1.6，经过400s固化后，从模具中取出发泡箱体，即在冰箱箱体中形成保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫。
待发泡箱体冷却至室温后，将箱体中的硬质聚氨酯泡沫取出，并测试其相关性能。
表1为是实施例1、实施例2和对比例的相关性能参照。
表1
综上所述：1、本发明的聚氨酯泡沫保温性能较好，由该体系发泡原料制成的硬质聚氨酯泡沫导热系数较低，从而提高冰箱的保温性能，降低了冰箱使用时的能耗。
2、本发明的聚氨酯泡沫，采用少量的性能优异的物理发泡剂，既提高了硬质聚氨酯泡沫的保温性能，又控制了发泡原料成本，有极高的性价比。
3、本发明采用双枪头将发泡原料注入到模具中，可以缩短发泡原料在箱体中的流动距离，也使发泡原料更好的填充。
需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (7)

1.一种用于冰箱的聚氨酯泡沫，其特征在于：所述聚氨酯泡沫的各原料按质量份的组成为：
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于冰箱的聚氨酯泡沫，其特征在于：所述组合聚醚的官能度为3-8。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于冰箱的聚氨酯泡沫，其特征在于：所述的物理发泡剂1为环戊烷。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于冰箱的聚氨酯泡沫，其特征在于：所述物理发泡剂2为HFO-1233zd、HFC-245fa的其中一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的用于冰箱的聚氨酯泡沫，其特征在于：所述异氰酸酯为多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯，其中异氰酸根含量30-32％。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的用于冰箱的聚氨酯泡沫制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
1)在15～25℃下，将组合聚醚、物理发泡剂1、物理发泡剂2按重量份配比混均，得到混合白料；
2)在15～25℃下，将异氰酸酯放入预混罐中搅拌均匀，得到黑料；
3)将用于盛放聚氨酯泡沫的发泡模具控制温度在40～55℃，按配比将黑料与混合白料通过高压发泡机混合后，注入到发泡箱体中。
4)发泡原料在模具中经过填充系数α为1.5～1.8，固化为150s～350s后，脱模，得到聚氨酯泡沫。
7.根据权利要求6所述的用于冰箱的聚氨酯泡沫，其特征在于：所述步骤4)中采用双枪头将发泡原料注入模具中。
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