CN107163221A - 一种用于冰箱的优质聚氨酯发泡体系及基于其的冰箱 - Google Patents

一种用于冰箱的优质聚氨酯发泡体系及基于其的冰箱 Download PDF

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CN107163221A
CN107163221A CN201710505186.XA CN201710505186A CN107163221A CN 107163221 A CN107163221 A CN 107163221A CN 201710505186 A CN201710505186 A CN 201710505186A CN 107163221 A CN107163221 A CN 107163221A
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刘鹏
江峰
吴园
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Hefei Meiling Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于冰箱的优质聚氨酯发泡体系及基于其的冰箱，其发泡原料由组合聚醚、物理发泡剂HFC‑245fa或物理发泡剂HFO‑1233zd(E)、发泡助剂PF‑5056以及异氰酸酯按一定的质量份数比复配后组成。本发明的聚氨酯发泡配方具有高流动性、高保温性、高力学强度，并且不燃不爆；由该体系发泡液制成的硬质聚氨酯泡沫导热系数低、力学性能强，从而提高冰箱的保温性能以及结构稳定性。

Description

一种用于冰箱的优质聚氨酯发泡体系及基于其的冰箱
技术领域
本发明属于低温存储设备的保温领域。
背景技术
随着现代家庭住房面积紧张，家用冰箱产品的薄壁化需求日益强烈。在冰箱薄壁产品的制造过程中，由于冰箱壁厚减薄，导致发泡层保温性能变差、力学强度变差，在结构复杂的边角处发泡原料流动不足，出现填充不实的现象。而目前冰箱所广泛使用的环戊烷发泡体系，不能满足薄壁化产品的技术需求，因此开发高流动性、高保温性、高强度的发泡体系势在必行。
发明内容
本发明是为解决上述现有技术所存在的不足之处，提供一种用于冰箱的优质聚氨酯发泡体系，旨在改善发泡原料的流动性，使其填充均匀，提高冰箱整体保温性能，改善发泡后聚氨酯泡沫的保温性能及力学性能，进而制作更加保温、坚固的薄壁冰箱。
本发明首先公开了用于冰箱的优质聚氨酯发泡体系，其各原料按质量份的构成为：
其中：所述物理发泡剂为发泡剂HFC-245fa或发泡剂LBA(又称为HFO-1233zd(E))；所述异氰酸酯为多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯，异氰酸根含量30-32％，25℃下粘度为250-450mPa·s；所述组合聚醚的官能度为3-6，25℃下粘度为3500-4500mPa·s。
组合聚醚包含聚醚多元醇成分、催化剂和表面活性剂，其中聚醚多元醇成分由以下质量分数各物质组成：
羟值为250～500mgKOH/g聚醚多元醇A 20％～45％；
羟值为300～500mgKOH/g聚醚多元醇B 20％～65％；
羟值为250～500mgKOH/g聚醚多元醇C 10％～30％；
所述聚醚多元醇A是以山梨醇为起始剂的聚醚多元醇；
所述聚醚多元醇B是以蔗糖和/或甘露醇为起始剂的聚醚多元醇；
所述聚醚多元醇C是以三乙醇胺、乙二胺、甲醛、二乙醇、苯酚或甲苯二胺的几种经曼式反应得到产物为起始剂的氨基聚醚多元醇。
本发明进一步公开了一种冰箱，其箱体中的保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫由上述的聚氨酯发泡体系制造而成，制造方法如下：
1)在物料温度15～25℃条件下，将组合聚醚、物理发泡剂和发泡助剂按配比混合，得到混合白料；
2)在物料温度15～25℃条件下，将异氰酸酯放入预混罐中搅拌均匀，得到黑料；
3)在物料温度15～25℃条件下，按配比将黑料与混合白料通过高压发泡机混合后，快速注入待发泡的冰箱箱体中；
4)待发泡的冰箱箱体模具温度控制在40～55℃，发泡原料在模具中填充系数α为1.6～1.8，经过300s～600s固化后，脱模，即在冰箱箱体中形成保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫。
优选的，步骤3)中黑料与混合白料的质量比为1.20:1。
本发明的有益效果体现在：
1、本发明的聚氨酯发泡体系中流动性高的山梨醇配比较高，因此发泡原料流动性好，组合聚醚粘度低，发泡原料在冰箱发泡层内填充均匀，发泡后整体保温性能较好。
2、本发明的聚氨酯体系体系，采用保温性能优异的HFC-245fa或LBA物理发泡剂，大幅提高了硬质聚氨酯泡沫的保温性能。
3、本发明的聚氨酯发泡配方，采用氟化物PF-5056发泡助剂，可降低聚氨酯泡沫的孔径，降低热对流，从而提高聚氨酯泡沫的保温性能；同时可以降低泡沫孔径，使聚氨酯泡沫物理强度明显提高，有利于冰箱结构的稳定。
4、本发明采用的物理发泡剂及发泡助剂均不可燃，无需防火防爆处理，可避免火灾隐患，极大的保障了生产安全。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施例说明本发明，但本发明并不仅仅限定于这些实施例。
下述实施例所用组合聚醚是由巴斯夫聚氨酯特种产品(中国)有限公司提供，牌号为CH2030/142；所用黑料多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯为家用冰箱通用黑料，由巴斯夫聚氨酯特种产品(中国)有限公司提供，牌号为PM-2010。
实施例1
本实施例的聚氨酯发泡体系的各原料按质量份的构成为：
利用本实施例的聚氨酯发泡体系，制造冰箱箱体中的保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫的步骤如下：
1)在物料温度20℃条件下，将组合聚醚、物理发泡剂HFC-245fa和发泡助剂按配比混合，得到混合白料；
2)在物料温度20℃条件下，将异氰酸酯放入预混罐中搅拌均匀，得到黑料；
3)在物料温度20℃条件下，按配比将黑料与混合白料通过高压发泡机混合后，快速注入待发泡的冰箱箱体中；
4)待发泡的冰箱箱体模具温度控制在45℃，发泡原料在模具中填充系数α为1.7，经过450s固化后，从模具中取出发泡箱体，即在冰箱箱体中形成保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫。
待发泡箱体冷却至室温后，将箱体中的硬质聚氨酯泡沫取出，并测试其相关性能，结果见表1。
实施例2
本实施例的聚氨酯发泡体系的各原料按质量份的构成为：
利用本实施例的聚氨酯发泡配方，制造冰箱箱体中的保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫的方法与实施例1相同。
待发泡箱体冷却至室温后，将箱体中的硬质聚氨酯泡沫取出，并测试其相关性能，结果见表1。
对比例
本实施例的聚氨酯发泡体系的各原料按质量份的构成为：
组合聚醚 100份；
物理发泡剂环戊烷 13份；
异氰酸酯 150份。
利用本实施例的聚氨酯发泡配方，制造冰箱箱体中的保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫的方法与实施例1相同。
待发泡箱体冷却至室温后，将箱体中的硬质聚氨酯泡沫取出，并测试其相关性能，结果见表1。
表1
参数 实施例1 实施例2 对比例
黑白料料比 1.20:1 1.20:1 1.33:1
HFC-245fa份数 30 / /
HFO-1233zd(E)份数 / 30 /
环戊烷份数 / / 13
PF-5056份数 2.5 2.5 /
物料温度℃ 20 20 20
模具温度℃ 45 45 45
填充系数α 1.7 1.7 1.7
固化时间s 450 450 450
平均芯密度kg/m3 30.8 31.1 37.5
平均导热系数10℃mW/mK 17.3 17.1 19.8
平均压缩强度kpa垂直方向⊥/水平方向// 231/185 240/188 177/152
体积收缩率-70℃24h％ 0.42 0.39 0.65

Claims (5)

1.一种用于冰箱的优质聚氨酯发泡体系，其特征在于：所述聚氨酯发泡体系的各原料按质量份的构成为：
所述物理发泡剂为发泡剂HFC-245fa或发泡剂LBA。
2.根据权利要求1所述的聚氨酯发泡体系，其特征在于：所述组合聚醚的官能度为3-6，25℃下粘度为3500-4500mPa·s；
所述异氰酸酯为多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯，异氰酸根含量30-32％、25℃下粘度为250-450mPa·s。
3.一种冰箱，其特征在于：所述冰箱箱体中的保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫由权利要求1或2所述的聚氨酯发泡体系制造而成。
4.一种由权利要求1或2所述的聚氨酯发泡体系制造冰箱箱体中的保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫的方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
1)在物料温度15～25℃条件下，将组合聚醚、物理发泡剂和发泡助剂按配比混合，得到混合白料；
2)在物料温度15～25℃条件下，将异氰酸酯放入预混罐中搅拌均匀，得到黑料；
3)在物料温度15～25℃条件下，按配比将黑料与混合白料通过高压发泡机混合后，快速注入待发泡的冰箱箱体中；
4)待发泡的冰箱箱体模具温度控制在40～55℃，发泡原料在模具中填充系数α为1.6～1.8，经过300s～600s固化后，脱模，即在冰箱箱体中形成保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫。
5.根据权利要求4所述的的方法，其特征在于：步骤3)中黑料与混合白料的质量比为1.20:1。
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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108276546A (zh) * 2017-12-28 2018-07-13 青岛海尔股份有限公司 聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料及其制备方法
CN109134803A (zh) * 2018-06-25 2019-01-04 青岛海尔股份有限公司 多元醇组合物及其制备的聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料
CN110511422A (zh) * 2019-08-22 2019-11-29 长虹美菱股份有限公司 一种用于冰箱的聚氨酯保温层及其制作方法
CN110567222A (zh) * 2019-09-09 2019-12-13 长虹美菱股份有限公司 一种薄壁冰箱保温层
CN112063004A (zh) * 2020-09-15 2020-12-11 长虹美菱股份有限公司 一种环保型高保温聚氨酯保温层及发泡方法
CN112574387A (zh) * 2020-12-14 2021-03-30 长虹美菱股份有限公司 一种低成本环保型聚氨酯发泡料及其发泡工艺
CN112778567A (zh) * 2019-11-01 2021-05-11 合肥华凌股份有限公司 一种环保高效的多元发泡体系及其制备的硬质聚氨酯泡沫
US11753516B2 (en) 2021-10-08 2023-09-12 Covestro Llc HFO-containing compositions and methods of producing foams

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CN112063004A (zh) * 2020-09-15 2020-12-11 长虹美菱股份有限公司 一种环保型高保温聚氨酯保温层及发泡方法
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Application publication date: 20170915