CN107183357B - Method for co-producing silage and plant tanning agent by using banana stem leaf full components - Google Patents
Method for co-producing silage and plant tanning agent by using banana stem leaf full components Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107183357B CN107183357B CN201710491724.4A CN201710491724A CN107183357B CN 107183357 B CN107183357 B CN 107183357B CN 201710491724 A CN201710491724 A CN 201710491724A CN 107183357 B CN107183357 B CN 107183357B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- silage
- banana stem
- banana
- leaves
- tanning agent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K30/00—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K30/10—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder
- A23K30/15—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder using chemicals or microorganisms for ensilaging
- A23K30/18—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder using chemicals or microorganisms for ensilaging using microorganisms or enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
- A23L3/3454—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
- A23L3/3463—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
- A23L3/3472—Compounds of undetermined constitution obtained from animals or plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
- A23L3/3454—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
- A23L3/3463—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
- A23L3/3481—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- A23L3/3508—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing carboxyl groups
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
- A23L3/3454—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
- A23L3/3463—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
- A23L3/3571—Microorganisms; Enzymes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C3/00—Tanning; Compositions for tanning
- C14C3/02—Chemical tanning
- C14C3/08—Chemical tanning by organic agents
- C14C3/10—Vegetable tanning
- C14C3/12—Vegetable tanning using purified or modified vegetable tanning agents
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for co-producing silage and a plant tanning agent by using banana stem leaves as a whole component, which comprises the following steps: (1) crushing and squeezing, adding rice husk during squeezing, and collecting solid residue and liquid residue of banana stem and leaf respectively. (2) Treatment of solid residue: the compound silage agent is used for silage fermentation of banana stems and leaves, and the silage agent is prepared by compounding 2-5 g of lactic acid bacteria, 5-15 g of tannase, 20-30 g of wet vinasse and 25-35 g of citric acid into each ton of solid residues of the banana stems and leaves. (3) Treatment of liquid residues: and filtering, vacuumizing, concentrating and spray drying the liquid residues of the banana stems and leaves to obtain the plant tanning agent. The invention effectively reduces the tannin content in the silage, and increases the palatability; the liquid residue containing a large amount of tannin is utilized to produce the plant tanning agent, so that the full component resource utilization of banana stems and leaves is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural waste resource utilization, in particular to a method for co-producing silage and a plant tanning agent by using banana stem leaves as a whole component.
Background
The banana stems and leaves are agricultural wastes with huge amount generated after the banana fruits are picked, and the feed conversion is an effective way for high-value utilization of the banana fruits. The banana stem leaf silage is suitable for being used as coarse fodder for daily feeding of ruminants such as cattle, sheep and the like, and is receiving more and more attention. The moisture content of fresh banana stems and leaves is usually 93-97%, so that the high moisture content is not suitable for being directly used for ensiling. The direct silage technology of the fresh banana stems and leaves is easy to popularize and industrialize, and although direct silage is reported, the silage quality is general and the silage is not suitable for long-term storage. The water content of the banana leaves is reduced by airing so as to be suitable for ensiling, and the banana leaves and stems are easy to rot and deteriorate in the airing process due to the limitation of weather and places. If the raw materials with low moisture content (such as straw, dried sugarcane tips and the like) are mixed and stored, the expenses of purchasing and transporting other raw materials, the labor cost and the like are increased. In addition, the banana stem leaves contain a large amount of tannin, and the airing process is equivalent to the concentration of the tannin, so that the nutritional quality of the banana stem leaf silage is reduced, and the palatability is influenced. Therefore, a method is urgently needed to solve the problems that the banana stem and leaf silage is easy to rot and difficult to store for a long time and the tannin content is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a method for co-producing silage and a plant tanning agent by using banana stem and leaf full components, the prepared silage of banana stem and leaf has the advantages of long-term storage resistance and low tannin content, and the plant tanning agent is obtained, so that the utilization rate of raw materials is improved.
The technical means adopted by the invention are as follows: a method for co-producing silage and plant tanning agent by using banana stem leaves as a whole component comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing and squeezing: firstly, crushing banana stem leaves, adding rice husks accounting for 4-6% of the weight of the banana stem leaves after crushing, then squeezing until the water content of the banana stem leaves is 60-75%, and respectively collecting solid residues and liquid residues of the banana stem leaves;
(2) treatment of solid residue: uniformly spraying a compound silage on the banana stem leaf solid residues obtained in the step (1), compacting, sealing and ensiling to obtain the banana stem leaf silage, wherein,
the compound silage agent is prepared from lactic acid bacteria, tannase, wet vinasse and citric acid, wherein 2-5 g of lactic acid bacteria, 5-15 g of tannase, 20-30 g of wet vinasse and 25-35 g of citric acid are added into each ton of solid residues of banana stems and leaves;
the preparation process of the compound silage agent comprises the following steps of dissolving 2-5 g of lactic acid bacteria in 0.5-1.5L of sugar water, wherein each liter of sugar water contains 140-160 g of molasses, sealing and fermenting for 24 hours, adding 5-15 g of tannase, 20-30 g of wet vinasse and 25-35 g of citric acid, uniformly stirring, and spraying the mixture on solid residues of banana stem leaves;
(3) treatment of liquid residues: and (2) filtering the banana stem and leaf liquid residues in the step (1), concentrating by vacuumizing, and performing spray drying to obtain the plant tanning agent.
Furthermore, the wet distiller's grains are filtered from glutinous rice wine after the glutinous rice is brewed.
Further, in the vacuum-pumping concentration in the step (3), the vacuum degree is 0.08-0.12 MPa, the evaporation temperature is 80-100 ℃, and the concentration is carried out until the volume is one third of the volume of the liquid residue before concentration.
Further, in the spray drying in the step (3), the atomizing air pressure is 5-6 kgf/cm2The air inlet temperature is 90-100 ℃.
Further, in the step (1), the weight of the rice husk is 5% of the weight of the banana stem leaves.
Further, the press used in step (1) is a twin screw press.
Further, the crushing in the step (1) is to crush the whole banana stem leaves to 2-5 cm.
Further, in the step (2), the ensiling time is 15 days.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: by adopting the production method, the prepared banana stem leaf silage is excellent in overall quality, the tannin content in the silage is effectively reduced, and the palatability of the banana stem leaf silage is improved; the plant tanning agent is produced by utilizing the liquid residue containing a large amount of tannin, has the characteristic of environmental protection, and realizes the resource utilization of the whole components of the banana stems and leaves. According to the invention, 4% -6% of rice husks are added in the squeezing process, the rice husks are dry and hard, so that the friction force can be increased, more water and tannin can be squeezed quickly, and the squeezing efficiency and effect are improved; the rice husk is added into the rice husk to be dry, the water content is only about 15 percent, and the excessive water in the banana stems and leaves can be effectively balanced; the added rice hull can be used as animal feed; controlling the water content of the squeezed banana stems and leaves to be 60-75%, and effectively controlling the water content of the silage prepared at the later stage; according to the invention, the silage effect is greatly improved by using the wet vinasse and the citric acid in combination with the lactic acid bacteria and the tannase, and the wet vinasse not only promotes the fermentation effect of the silage, but also is a high-quality animal feed; the citric acid is helpful for reducing the pH of the silage, inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria such as mold and the like, and can better play the overall effect of the compound silage, so that the quality of the prepared silage is improved; the tannin content is greatly reduced by adding tannase; the silage agent contains 140-160 g of molasses per liter, so that a large amount of lactic acid bacteria can be proliferated in a short time, silage fermentation is accelerated, the silage period is shortened, and the silage quality is further improved.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with examples which are set forth to illustrate, but are not to be construed to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
A method for co-producing silage and plant tanning agent by using banana stem leaves as a whole component comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing and squeezing: firstly, crushing the whole banana stem and leaf to 2-5 cm, adding rice hulls accounting for 6% of the weight of the banana stem and leaf after crushing, squeezing the mixture by a double-screw squeezer until the water content is about 60%, and respectively collecting solid residues and liquid residues of the banana stem and leaf;
(2) treatment of solid residue: firstly, brewing glutinous rice and filtering glutinous rice wine to prepare wet vinasse; uniformly mixing lactic acid bacteria, tannase, wet vinasse and citric acid to prepare a compound silage agent, dissolving 5g of lactic acid bacteria in 1 liter of sugar water, wherein each liter of sugar water contains 150g of molasses, sealing and fermenting for 24 hours, adding 5g of tannase, 30g of wet vinasse and 35g of citric acid, and uniformly stirring; finally, uniformly spraying the banana stem leaf solid residues in the step (1) with a compound silage dissolved in sugar water, immediately bundling and wrapping after spraying, compacting and sealing, placing in a cool and ventilated place, and ensiling for 15 days to obtain banana stem leaf silage; and sampling and testing after 60 days;
(3) treatment of liquid residues: firstly, carrying out suction filtration on the banana stem leaf liquid residue in the step (1) to remove insoluble substances, and obtaining a filtrate; concentrating the filtrate by vacuum pumping, wherein the vacuum degree is 0.08MPa, the evaporation temperature is 80 ℃, and the concentration is carried out until the volume is one third of the volume of the liquid residue before concentration, so as to obtain a concentrated solution; finally spray drying the concentrated solution with atomizing air pressure of 6kgf/cm2And drying at the air inlet temperature of 100 ℃ to obtain the plant tanning agent.
Example 2
A method for co-producing silage and plant tanning agent by using banana stem leaves as a whole component comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing and squeezing: firstly, crushing the whole banana stem and leaf to 2-5 cm, adding rice hulls accounting for 5% of the weight of the banana stem and leaf after crushing, squeezing the mixture by a double-screw squeezer until the water content is about 70%, and respectively collecting solid residues and liquid residues of the banana stem and leaf;
(2) treatment of solid residue: firstly, brewing glutinous rice and filtering glutinous rice wine to prepare wet vinasse; uniformly mixing lactic acid bacteria, tannase, wet vinasse and citric acid to prepare a compound silage agent, dissolving 2g of lactic acid bacteria in 1 liter of sugar water, wherein each liter of sugar water contains 160g of molasses, sealing and fermenting for 24 hours, adding 15g of tannase, 20g of wet vinasse and 25g of citric acid, and uniformly stirring; finally, uniformly spraying the banana stem leaf solid residues in the step (1) with a compound silage dissolved in sugar water, immediately bundling and wrapping after spraying, compacting and sealing, placing in a cool and ventilated place, and ensiling for 15 days to obtain banana stem leaf silage; and sampling and testing after 60 days;
(3) treatment of liquid residues: firstly, carrying out suction filtration on the banana stem leaf liquid residue in the step (1) to remove insoluble substances, and obtaining a filtrate; concentrating the filtrate by vacuum pumping, wherein the vacuum degree is 0.12MPa, the evaporation temperature is 90 ℃, and the concentration is carried out until the volume is one third of the volume of the liquid residue before concentration, thus obtaining concentrated solution; finally spray drying the concentrated solution with atomizing air pressure of 5kgf/cm2And drying at 90 ℃ to obtain the plant tanning agent.
Example 3
A method for co-producing silage and plant tanning agent by using banana stem leaves as a whole component comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing and squeezing: firstly, crushing the whole banana stem and leaf to 2-5 cm, adding rice hulls accounting for 4% of the weight of the banana stem and leaf after crushing, squeezing the mixture by a double-screw squeezer until the water content is about 75%, and respectively collecting solid residues and liquid residues of the banana stem and leaf;
(2) treatment of solid residue: firstly, brewing glutinous rice and filtering glutinous rice wine to prepare wet vinasse; uniformly mixing lactic acid bacteria, tannase, wet vinasse and citric acid to prepare a compound silage agent, dissolving 2g of lactic acid bacteria in 0.5 liter of sugar water, wherein each liter of sugar water contains 140g of molasses, sealing and fermenting for 24 hours, adding 5g of tannase, 20g of wet vinasse and 25g of citric acid, and uniformly stirring; finally, uniformly spraying the banana stem leaf solid residues in the step (1) with a compound silage dissolved in sugar water, immediately bundling and wrapping after spraying, compacting and sealing, placing in a cool and ventilated place, and ensiling for 15 days to obtain banana stem leaf silage; and sampling and testing after 60 days;
(3) treatment of liquid residues: firstly, carrying out suction filtration on the banana stem leaf liquid residue in the step (1) to remove insoluble substances, and obtaining a filtrate; concentrating the filtrate by vacuum pumping, wherein the vacuum degree is 0.10MPa, the evaporation temperature is 90 ℃, and the concentration is carried out until the volume is one third of the volume of the liquid residue before concentration, thus obtaining concentrated solution; finally spray drying the concentrated solution with atomizing air pressure of 5.5kgf/cm2And drying at the air inlet temperature of 100 ℃ to obtain the plant tanning agent.
Example 4
A method for co-producing silage and plant tanning agent by using banana stem leaves as a whole component comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing and squeezing: firstly, crushing the whole banana stem and leaf to 2-5 cm, adding rice hulls accounting for 5% of the weight of the banana stem and leaf after crushing, squeezing the mixture by a double-screw squeezer until the water content is about 65%, and respectively collecting solid residues and liquid residues of the banana stem and leaf;
(2) treatment of solid residue: firstly, brewing glutinous rice and filtering glutinous rice wine to prepare wet vinasse; uniformly mixing lactic acid bacteria, tannase, wet distiller's grains and citric acid to prepare a compound silage agent, dissolving 4g of lactic acid bacteria in 1.5 liters of sugar water, wherein each liter of sugar water contains 150g of molasses, sealing and fermenting for 24 hours, adding 10g of tannase, 25g of wet distiller's grains and 30g of citric acid, and uniformly stirring; finally, uniformly spraying the banana stem leaf solid residues in the step (1) with a compound silage dissolved in sugar water, immediately bundling and wrapping after spraying, compacting and sealing, placing in a cool and ventilated place, and ensiling for 15 days to obtain banana stem leaf silage; and sampling and testing after 60 days;
(3) treatment of liquid residues: firstly, carrying out suction filtration on the banana stem leaf liquid residue in the step (1) to remove insoluble substances, and obtaining a filtrate; concentrating the filtrate by vacuum pumping, wherein the vacuum degree is 0.08MPa, the evaporation temperature is 90 ℃, and the concentration is carried out until the volume is one third of the volume of the liquid residue before concentration, so as to obtain a concentrated solution; finally spray drying the concentrated solution with atomizing air pressure of 6kgf/cm2And drying at 90 ℃ to obtain the plant tanning agent.
Example 5
A method for co-producing silage and plant tanning agent by using banana stem leaves as a whole component comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing and squeezing: firstly, crushing the whole banana stem and leaf to 2-5 cm, adding rice hulls accounting for 5% of the weight of the banana stem and leaf after crushing, squeezing the mixture by a double-screw squeezer until the water content is about 75%, and respectively collecting solid residues and liquid residues of the banana stem and leaf;
(2) treatment of solid residue: firstly, brewing glutinous rice and filtering glutinous rice wine to prepare wet vinasse; uniformly mixing lactic acid bacteria, tannase, wet vinasse and citric acid to prepare a compound silage agent, dissolving 5g of lactic acid bacteria in 1 liter of sugar water, wherein each liter of sugar water contains 160g of molasses, sealing and fermenting for 24 hours, adding 15g of tannase, 30g of wet vinasse and 35g of citric acid, and uniformly stirring; finally, uniformly spraying the banana stem leaf solid residues in the step (1) with a compound silage dissolved in sugar water, immediately bundling and wrapping after spraying, compacting and sealing, placing in a cool and ventilated place, and ensiling for 15 days to obtain banana stem leaf silage; and sampling and testing after 60 days;
(3) treatment of liquid residues: firstly, carrying out suction filtration on the banana stem leaf liquid residue in the step (1) to remove insoluble substances, and obtaining a filtrate; concentrating the filtrate by vacuum pumping, wherein the vacuum degree is 0.10MPa, the evaporation temperature is 90 ℃, and the concentration is carried out until the volume is one third of the volume of the liquid residue before concentration, thus obtaining concentrated solution; finally spray drying the concentrated solution with atomizing air pressure of 6kgf/cm2And drying at the air inlet temperature of 100 ℃ to obtain the plant tanning agent.
Comparative example 1
(1) Crushing and airing: and (3) crushing the whole banana stem leaves to 2-5 cm, and airing until the water content is about 70%.
(2) Spraying ensiling lactic acid bacteria: 24 hours before use, 2g of solid silage lactic acid bacteria agent is dissolved in 4L of 10% brown sugar water and evenly sprayed on about 1 ton of solid residues of banana stems and leaves.
(3) Ensiling: after the silage lactic acid bacteria agent is sprayed, the silage lactic acid bacteria agent is subpackaged in plastic silage bags, compacted, sealed and placed in a cool and ventilated place. Sampling and testing are carried out after 60 days.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 4 in that in step (1), the banana stem leaves are pressed to a water content of 85%.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example differs from example 4 in that in the step (1), the rice husk weighs 7% of the banana stem leaves.
Comparative example 4
The difference between the comparative example and the example 4 is that in the step (1), the compound silage agent comprises lactic acid bacteria and tannase, wherein 10g of lactic acid bacteria and 20g of tannase are added into each ton of solid residues of banana stems and leaves.
Comparative example 5
This comparative example differs from example 4 in that it contains 120g of brown sugar per liter of sugar water;
the banana stem leaf silage prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 5 was sampled and subjected to quality test, and scored according to table 1 "sensory evaluation standard of silage quality of german agriculture association", and the test results are shown in table 2:
TABLE 1 sensory evaluation criteria for silage quality from the German agricultural Association
TABLE 2 quality index of banana stem leaf silage produced in each example and in a certain proportion
The banana stem and leaf plant tanning agents prepared in the examples 1 to 5 and the comparative examples 1 to 5 are subjected to quality test, and the test results are shown in the table 3:
TABLE 3 quality index of banana stem and leaf vegetable tanning agent produced in each example and in a proportional manner
According to the quality index analysis of the banana stem leaf silage in the table 2, the total quality of the banana stem leaf silage prepared by the production method can reach high level, the tannin content is low, and the banana stem leaf silage has good palatability; the production method can also recover the tannin in the banana stems and leaves to prepare the plant tanning agent, and the plant tanning agent has the characteristic of environmental protection.
Compared with the example 4, the silage prepared in the comparative example 1 has the advantages that the overall quality is reduced, the tannin content is extremely high, the palatability is poor, and the defects that the silage prepared from banana stems and leaves by the traditional airing method has large defects and plant tanning agents cannot be obtained are seen. The invention prepares the silage with excellent quality by squeezing and using the compound silage agent, and simultaneously recovers the plant tanning agent.
Comparing comparative example 2 with example 4, the overall quality of the silage prepared in comparative example 2 is also obviously reduced, it can be seen that the initial water content of the solid residue of banana stems and leaves obtained by pressing is too high, the overall quality of the silage finally prepared is also obviously affected, and the amount of the plant tanning obtained is reduced.
Comparing comparative example 3 with example 4, the silage prepared in comparative example 3 has a reduced overall quality, and it can be seen that the amount of the rice husk has a great influence on the quality of the silage prepared later, and the palatability of the silage is reduced due to the hard texture of the rice husk which is added too much. According to the invention, 4% -6% of rice husk is added into the crushed banana stems and leaves, so that the friction force can be increased, more water and tannin can be quickly squeezed and removed, the squeezing efficiency and effect are improved, and the palatability of the silage prepared later is not influenced.
Comparing comparative example 4 with example 4, the overall quality of the silage prepared by comparative example 4 is reduced, and the effect of the silage on the silage effect is obviously important. According to the invention, the silage effect is greatly improved by using the wet vinasse and the citric acid in combination with the lactic acid bacteria and the tannase, and the wet vinasse not only promotes the fermentation effect of the silage, but also is a high-quality animal feed; the citric acid is helpful for reducing the pH of the silage, inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria such as mold and the like, and can better exert the overall effect of the compound silage; the tannin content is greatly reduced by adding tannase; the silage agent contains 140-160 g of molasses per liter, so that a large amount of lactic acid bacteria can be proliferated in a short time, silage fermentation is accelerated, the silage period is shortened, and the silage quality is further improved.
Comparing comparative example 5 with example 4, the silage prepared in comparative example 5 has a reduced overall quality, and it can be seen that the type of sugar and the concentration of sugar water have a large influence on the dissolving and blending effect of the compound silage, and further the silage effect is influenced. The sugar water per liter contains 140-160 g of molasses, and the molasses contains crude protein, a large amount of minerals and biotin, so that the rapid proliferation of lactic acid bacteria is facilitated, and the quality of silage is improved.
In conclusion, the banana stem leaf silage prepared by the production method provided by the invention has excellent overall quality, low tannin content and good palatability; the production method can also recover the tannin in the banana stems and leaves to prepare the plant tanning agent, and the plant tanning agent has the characteristic of environmental protection, thereby realizing the resource utilization of the whole components of the banana stems and leaves.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for co-producing silage and plant tanning agent by using banana stem leaves as a whole component is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) crushing and squeezing: firstly, crushing banana stem leaves, adding rice husks accounting for 4-6% of the weight of the banana stem leaves after crushing, then squeezing until the water content of the banana stem leaves is 60-75%, and respectively collecting solid residues and liquid residues of the banana stem leaves;
(2) treatment of solid residue: uniformly spraying a compound silage on the banana stem leaf solid residues obtained in the step (1), compacting, sealing and ensiling to obtain the banana stem leaf silage, wherein,
the compound silage agent is prepared from lactic acid bacteria, tannase, wet vinasse and citric acid, wherein the wet vinasse is the wet vinasse obtained by filtering glutinous rice wine after the glutinous rice is brewed, and 2-5 g of lactic acid bacteria, 5-15 g of tannase, 20-30 g of wet vinasse and 25-35 g of citric acid are added into each ton of solid residues of banana stems and leaves;
the preparation process of the compound silage agent comprises the following steps of dissolving 2-5 g of lactic acid bacteria in 0.5-1.5L of sugar water, wherein each liter of sugar water contains 140-160 g of molasses, sealing and fermenting for 24 hours, adding 5-15 g of tannase, 20-30 g of wet vinasse and 25-35 g of citric acid, uniformly stirring, and spraying the mixture on solid residues of banana stem leaves;
(3) treatment of liquid residues: filtering, vacuumizing, concentrating and spray drying the banana stem and leaf liquid residues in the step (1) to obtain a plant tanning agent; the vacuumIn the air concentration, the vacuum degree is 0.08-0.12 MPa, the evaporation temperature is 80-100 ℃, and the concentration is carried out until the volume is one third of the volume of the liquid residue before concentration; in the spray drying, the atomizing air pressure is 5-6 kgf/cm2The air inlet temperature is 90-100 ℃.
2. The method for co-production of silage and plant tanning agent from whole banana stem leaves according to claim 1, wherein the wet distiller's grains are filtered from glutinous rice wine after glutinous rice brewing.
3. The method for full-component co-production of silage and plant tanning agent from banana stem leaves according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the weight of the rice husk is 5% of the weight of the banana stem leaves.
4. The method for full-component co-production of silage and plant tanning agent from banana stem leaves according to claim 1, wherein the squeezer used in the step (1) is a double screw squeezer.
5. The method for full-component co-production of silage and plant tanning agent from banana stem leaves according to claim 1, wherein the smashing in the step (1) is to smash the whole banana stem leaves to 2-5 cm.
6. The method for full-component co-production of silage and plant tanning agent from banana stem leaves according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the silage period is 15 days.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710491724.4A CN107183357B (en) | 2017-06-20 | 2017-06-20 | Method for co-producing silage and plant tanning agent by using banana stem leaf full components |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710491724.4A CN107183357B (en) | 2017-06-20 | 2017-06-20 | Method for co-producing silage and plant tanning agent by using banana stem leaf full components |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107183357A CN107183357A (en) | 2017-09-22 |
| CN107183357B true CN107183357B (en) | 2020-10-30 |
Family
ID=59878875
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710491724.4A Active CN107183357B (en) | 2017-06-20 | 2017-06-20 | Method for co-producing silage and plant tanning agent by using banana stem leaf full components |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107183357B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109970611A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-07-05 | 云南博浩生物科技集团股份有限公司 | A kind of fresh marigold flower ensiling wall-breaking method |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101579041A (en) * | 2009-06-14 | 2009-11-18 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | Preparation method of biological feed of banana stem leaves |
| CN102070675A (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2011-05-25 | 黄一君 | Method for extracting tannin from banana stems and fruit axes |
| CN102558251A (en) * | 2012-01-10 | 2012-07-11 | 吴洁玲 | Production method of ultrafiltration membrane for extracting tannin from banana stems stoste |
| CN102885198A (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2013-01-23 | 南宁伏朗生物科技有限公司 | Breathing bag microbial-storage banana straw feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN105537248A (en) * | 2016-02-15 | 2016-05-04 | 林育兹 | Comprehensive utilization method of banana stems and leaves |
-
2017
- 2017-06-20 CN CN201710491724.4A patent/CN107183357B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101579041A (en) * | 2009-06-14 | 2009-11-18 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | Preparation method of biological feed of banana stem leaves |
| CN102070675A (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2011-05-25 | 黄一君 | Method for extracting tannin from banana stems and fruit axes |
| CN102558251A (en) * | 2012-01-10 | 2012-07-11 | 吴洁玲 | Production method of ultrafiltration membrane for extracting tannin from banana stems stoste |
| CN102885198A (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2013-01-23 | 南宁伏朗生物科技有限公司 | Breathing bag microbial-storage banana straw feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN105537248A (en) * | 2016-02-15 | 2016-05-04 | 林育兹 | Comprehensive utilization method of banana stems and leaves |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107183357A (en) | 2017-09-22 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101695329B (en) | Process for extracting Pu'er tea paste by heated refluxing method | |
| CN103652508A (en) | Ensilage combination including barley straws and festuca arundinacea and application thereof | |
| CN108822068A (en) | A method of preparing wild blueberry anthocyanidin | |
| CN105533189A (en) | Feed for goats at fattening period and preparation method of feed | |
| CN107183357B (en) | Method for co-producing silage and plant tanning agent by using banana stem leaf full components | |
| Digman et al. | Wet fractionation for improved utilization of alfalfa leaves | |
| CN109363017A (en) | A kind of processing method of grape juice | |
| CN104543337A (en) | Rabbit dung and mushroom bran protein feed | |
| CN108377773A (en) | A kind of grape cuttage cultivation Nutrition Soil and preparation method thereof | |
| CN115462447A (en) | Method for preparing sorghum straw whole-plant corn mixed storage forage grass | |
| CN102178125B (en) | Mixed silage of Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. in initial bloom stage and Medicago Sativa in initial bloom stage and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105533020A (en) | Tea paste and preparation method of tea paste | |
| CN102204627B (en) | Mixed silage prepared from alhagi sparsifolia in branching stage and alfalfa and preparation method thereof | |
| CN111264701A (en) | Recycling process of waste vinasse | |
| CN102178124B (en) | Fructicative-period alhagi sparsifolia and alfalfa mixed silage and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105494791A (en) | Ginger tea paste and preparation method thereof | |
| RU2124845C1 (en) | Method of preparing feed for animals | |
| CN113995052B (en) | Ivory sugarcane tail leaf silage and preparation method thereof | |
| Jakhmola et al. | Ensiling grass with straw. I. Effect of straw, cellulase enzyme and urea on chemical composition of grass and grass/legume silages | |
| CN105494754A (en) | Tea-leaf combined tea paste and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104206675A (en) | Alfalfa silage feed additive, silage feed preparation method and application of additive | |
| CN110754567A (en) | Defective apple or bergamot pear and straw mixed storage feed and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105851532A (en) | Method for preparing nutritious silage from sugarcane leaf tips | |
| CN113973994A (en) | Fruit and vegetable waste silage preparation method and silage machine | |
| CN104472857A (en) | Rabbit manure feed |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |