CN107158062B - 肿瘤辅助治疗药物及其应用 - Google Patents
肿瘤辅助治疗药物及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107158062B CN107158062B CN201710355027.6A CN201710355027A CN107158062B CN 107158062 B CN107158062 B CN 107158062B CN 201710355027 A CN201710355027 A CN 201710355027A CN 107158062 B CN107158062 B CN 107158062B
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种肿瘤辅助治疗药物,其有效成分为柳叶沙参的醇提取物或水提取物。本发明所述的柳叶沙参提起物对于减轻肿瘤过程中放化疗毒性具有效果,此外,柳叶沙参提取物对化疗药物的减毒增效作用明显。在给予羟喜树碱的同时给予柳叶沙参提取物,平均生存时间达到30.12天,与模型组比较具有显著性差异,表明柳叶沙参提取物与化疗药物羟喜树碱的药物组合物可以有效的提高肿瘤的治疗效果,减轻放化疗的毒性,产生良好的协同增效作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医药技术领域,尤其是涉及柳叶沙参在制备肿瘤辅助治疗药物中的应用。
背景技术
放、化疗是恶性肿瘤综合治疗中的常用方法,用于多种肿瘤的治疗,但放、化疗在发挥抗癌、抑癌作用的同时所带来的一系列毒副反应也不容忽视,放射线和化疗药物对人体正常细胞如骨髓细胞、胃肠道粘膜细胞等也有相当程度的损伤。临床放化疗过程中常出现的毒副反应有:
1.免疫功能下降:化疗药物可损害患者的免疫系统,导致免疫功能缺陷或下降。免疫功能指标如E-玫瑰结试验、CH50、C3补体、T细胞亚群,NK细胞活性、白介素II…等,在化疗后均可不同程度地较化疗前下降。大部分抗肿瘤化疗药物有免疫抑制作用。2.身体衰弱:患者可出现周身疲乏无力、精神萎靡、出虚汗、嗜睡等。3.骨髓抑制:大多数化疗药物均可引起骨髓抑制,表现为白细胞和血小板下降,甚者红细胞、血色素下降等。4.消化障碍:食欲下降、饮食量减少、恶心、呕吐、腹胀、腹痛、腹泻或便秘等。很多化疗药物通过刺激胃肠道粘膜引发上述症状。5.炎症反应:发热、头晕、头痛、口干、口舌生疮等。6.心脏毒性:部分化疗药物可产生心脏毒性,损害心肌细胞,患者出现心慌、心悸、胸闷、心前区不适、气短等症状,甚至出现心力衰竭。心电图检查可出现T波改变或S-T段改变等。7.肾脏毒性:有些化疗药大剂量可引起肾功能损害而出现腰痛、肾区不适等。8.肺纤维化:环磷酰胺、长春新碱、博莱霉素等可引起肺纤维化,拍胸片可见肺纹理增粗或呈条索状改变。对既往肺功能差的患者来说更为危险,甚者可危及生命。9.膀胱炎:异环磷酰胺、斑蝥素、喜树碱等可使病人出现小腹不适或胀痛、血尿等一系列药物性膀胱炎症状。10.神经系统毒性:主要是指化疗药物对周围末梢神经产生损害作用,患者可出现肢端麻木,肢端感觉迟钝等。如长春新碱、长春花碱、长春酰胺、诺威本等均可出现不同程度的神经毒副反应。11.肝脏毒性:几乎所有的化疗药物均可引起肝功能损害,轻者可出现肝功能异常,患者可出现肝区不适。甚者可导致中毒性肝炎。12.静脉炎:绝大多数化疗药物的给药途径是静脉滴注,可引起不同程度的静脉炎,病变的血管颜色变成暗红色或暗黄色,局部疼痛,触之呈条索状。严重者可导致栓塞性静脉炎,发生血流受阻。中医中药能预防和治疗化疗和放疗引起的毒性反应和副作用,提高肿瘤的治疗效果,常用的较有效的方药如下:
1、防治胃肠道反应化放疗药物常产生胃肠道反应,有恶心呕吐、胃纳不振,腹痛。常用降逆止呕,健牌和胃药物、如旋覆花、代赭石、陈应。姜竹茹、生姜、生白术、党参、山药、马梅等。亦可用香砂六君子汤、保和丸、山植丸及平胃散药。2、防治骨髓抑制:经临床及动物实验证明,多种补气养血、滋肾健脾药物,有提升白细胞及血小板作用,如黄芪、党参、黄精、生熟地、女贞子、菟丝子、补骨脂、当归、鸡血藤、龟版胶、枸杞子、五味子、羊蹄根、水牛角、虎杖、升麻、仙鹤草、冬虫草、紫河车等。对放化疗引起的骨髓抑制毒性反应有一定防治作用。此外,能提升红细胞及血色素的药物有太子参、红参、黄芪、当归、熟地、鹿茸、阿胶、紫河车、枸杞子、鸡血藤、补骨脂、巴戟天等。
3、防治放疗热毒反应放疗除常产生胃肠道反应和骨髓抑制毒性外,还会伤津灼阴引起发热、局部疼痛,口干大结,甚至血尿、便血等,故中医中药常用润燥、清热解毒之品,如银花、连翘、山豆根、射干、黄连、板兰根、丹皮、知母、沙参、小生地、玄参、麦冬、石斛、花粉、玉竹、女贞、早莲草、西洋参等,可取得一定防治效果。
目前,寻求更安全的提高肿瘤治疗效果的辅助治疗药物仍然是该领域的一大研究热点。
沙参(阔叶沙参、山沙参、长柱沙参、柳叶沙参、线齿沙参、西南沙参、百合叶沙参和紫沙参均可作为沙参药用)性凉,味甘微苦,入肺、肝经,具有养阴青肺、祛痰止咳的功效,用于治疗肺热燥咳、虚痨久咳、阴伤咽干喉痛等症。目前还没有沙参应用于肿瘤辅助治疗药物的报道。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术中存在的问题,本发明的目的旨在提供一种减轻放化疗毒性的肿瘤辅助治疗药物。
为了实现上述目的,根据本发明的一个方面,提供了一种肿瘤辅助治疗药物,其特征在于,其有效成分为柳叶沙参的醇提取物或水提取物。
根据本发明的另一方面,本发明提供了上述药物在制备减轻肿瘤治疗过程中放化疗毒性药物中的应用。
本发明还提供了一种上述醇提取物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:1)称取柳叶沙参,乙醇浸泡,取上清液;2)残渣中再加入乙醇,浸泡取上清液;3)合并两次提取液,过滤并减压回收乙醇;4)取上清液即为醇提取物。
进一步地, 所述步骤 1)柳叶沙参切成2~3mm厚的薄片,加入6~8倍柳叶沙参重量的质量分数70~90%的乙醇,浸泡7~10天,取上清液;2)残渣中再加入3~4倍柳叶沙参重量的质量分数70~90%的乙醇,浸泡7~10天,取上清液。
此外,本发明还提供了一种上述水提取物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:水提取物的制备方法包括以下步骤:1)称取柳叶沙参,纯净水浸泡,加热煮沸,取上清液;2)残渣中再加入纯净水,煮沸,取上清液;3)合并两次提取液,4℃静置,过滤除去沉淀;4)取上清液即为水提取物。
进一步地,所述步骤1)柳叶沙参切成2~3mm厚的薄片,加入8~10倍柳叶沙参重量的纯净水,浸泡20~40分钟后,加热煮沸80~100分钟,取上清液液;2)残渣中再加入5-6倍柳叶沙参重量的纯净水,煮沸50~70分钟,取上清液。
进一步地,水提取物或醇提取物中加入辅料制成片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、丸剂或口服液剂型。
进一步地,加入的辅料量使药物质量达到生药重量。
本发明所述的柳叶沙参提起物对于减轻肿瘤过程中放化疗毒性具有效果,此外,柳叶沙参提取物对化疗药物的减毒增效作用明显。本发明以建立小鼠荷瘤动物为模型,口服灌胃给药进行体内药学研究,结果表明:小鼠接种肝癌细胞后,平均生存时间为16.34天;给予化疗药羟喜树碱治疗后,小鼠的平均生存时间延长到23.36天;体现出药物对肿瘤细胞产生了一定的抑制作用。柳叶沙参提取物组小鼠的平均生存时间达到24.44天,对肿瘤细胞产生了一定的抑制作用;在给予羟喜树碱的同时给予柳叶沙参提取物,平均生存时间达到30.12天,与模型组比较具有显著性差异,表明柳叶沙参提取物与化疗药物羟喜树碱的药物组合物可以有效的提高肿瘤的治疗效果,减轻放化疗的毒性,产生良好的协同增效作用。
具体实施方式
柳叶沙参的应用
本发明所述的柳叶沙参(学名:Adenophora coronopifolia Fisch),产于我国黑龙江、吉林、辽宁(彰武)、内蒙古、山西、河北等地。柳叶沙参原名狭叶沙参,味甘,微苦,性微寒。归肺经、胃经。具有养阴清热;润肺化痰;益胃生津的功效。可用于阴虚久咳,痨嗽痰血,燥咳痰少,虚热喉痹;津伤口渴症的治疗。目前已从柳叶沙参根中分离得4个化合物,它们是:β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol),β-谷甾醇-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(β-sitosterol-O-β-D-glucopyranoside),蒲公英赛酮(taraxerone)及二十八碳酸(octa-cosanoic acid)。
在本发明典型的实施方式中,一种肿瘤辅助治疗药物,其有效成分为上述柳叶沙参的醇提取物或水提取物。上述药物可用于制备减轻肿瘤治疗过程中放化疗毒性药物。特别是所述的柳叶沙参提取物在制备羟喜树碱辅助药物中的应用。
柳叶沙参醇提取物的制备方法
在一种优选的实施方式中,醇提取物的制备方法包括1)称取柳叶沙参,乙醇浸泡,取上清液;2)残渣中再加入乙醇,浸泡取上清液;3)合并两次提取液,过滤并减压回收乙醇;4)上清液减压浓缩成稠膏。
在一种相对具体的实施方式中,,醇提取物的制备方法包括所述步骤 1)柳叶沙参切成2~3mm厚的薄片,加入6~8倍柳叶沙参重量的质量分数70~90%的乙醇,浸泡7~10天,取上清液;2)残渣中再加入3~4倍柳叶沙参重量的质量分数70~90%的乙醇,浸泡7~10天,取上清液。
柳叶沙参水提取物的制备方法
在另一种优选的实施方式中,水提取物的制备方法包括1)称取柳叶沙参,纯净水浸泡,加热煮沸,取上清液;2)残渣中再加入纯净水,煮沸,取上清液;3)合并两次提取液,4℃静置,过滤除去沉淀;4)上清液减压浓缩成稠膏。
相对具体地,水提取物的制备方法包括1)柳叶沙参切成2~3mm厚的薄片,加入8~10倍柳叶沙参重量的纯净水,浸泡20~40分钟后,加热煮沸80~100分钟,取上清液液;2)残渣中再加入5-6倍柳叶沙参重量的纯净水,煮沸50~70分钟,取上清液。
进一步地, 本发明提供的制备方法还可向步骤4)中所述的醇提取物或水提取物中加入一种或数种赋形剂或中药制剂领域常用的其他辅料,以便将该组合物制成各种剂型,如:片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、丸剂或口服液剂型。
进一步地,步骤4)中加入的辅料量使药物质量达到生药重量。
加入一种或数种赋形剂或中药制剂领域常用的其他辅料,以便将该组合物制成各种剂型,如:片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、丸剂或口服液剂型。
对于固体药物给药,该组合物可以为片剂、胶囊剂、软胶囊剂、颗粒剂、滴丸、分散片、口腔崩解片、丸剂。传统的赋形剂包括但不限于乳糖、淀粉、硬脂酸镁、糖精钠、滑石粉、纤维素、葡萄糖、蔗糖、微粉硅胶、低取代羟丙纤维素、聚维酮、欧巴代、玉米朊、羧甲基淀粉钠等。
作为液体药物给药时,如口服液剂型,可将其有效成分溶解或分散(等等)在诸如水、葡萄糖水溶液、甘油、乙醇等赋形剂中,借以形成悬浮液。如果需要,要给药的中药组合物中还可以包含少量的无毒赋形剂,诸如湿润剂或乳化剂等。
如果期望还可以加入润滑剂,如硬酯酸镁;加入赋形剂,如乳糖或玉米淀粉;加入增味剂、赋色剂和/ 或甜味剂。可以引入口服制剂的其他可选赋形剂包括防腐剂、悬浮剂和增稠剂等。
在动物实验中,按上述比例联合给药,荷瘤小鼠的平均生存时间达到30.12天,与模型组比较具有显著性差异,表明柳叶沙参提取物与化疗药物羟喜树碱合用可以有效的提高肿瘤的治疗效果,产生良好的协同增效作用。
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合实施例,对技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述。
以下实施例采用生长于山西省吕梁山区的一种柳叶沙参,临床研究中发现,该柳叶沙参对肿瘤放化疗过程中的毒性作用具有良好的治疗作用,其提取物能有效地提高患者的免疫功能,减轻放化疗的毒性,提高肿瘤患者的生活质量,是一种安全有效肿瘤辅助治疗药物。
实施例1
称取柳叶沙参1000g,切成2-3mm厚的薄片,加入6倍柳叶沙参重量的质量分数70%的乙醇,浸泡10天,取上清液;残渣中再加入4倍柳叶沙参重量的质量分数70%的乙醇,浸泡7天,取上清液。合并两次提取液,过滤并减压回收乙醇;上清液浓缩成稠膏,稠膏烘干,粉碎成粉,加入糊精使药物质量达到1000g,即得片剂。
实施例2
称取柳叶沙参1000g,切成2-3mm厚的薄片,加入7倍柳叶沙参重量的质量分数80%的乙醇,浸泡9天,取上清液;残渣中再加入3倍柳叶沙参重量的质量分数80%的乙醇,浸泡9天,取上清液。合并两次提取液,过滤并减压回收乙醇;上清液浓缩成稠膏,稠膏烘干,粉碎成细粉,装胶囊。该提取物用于后续动物实验。
实施例3
称取柳叶沙参1000g,切成2-3mm厚的薄片,加入8倍柳叶沙参重量的质量分数90%的乙醇,浸泡7天,取上清液;残渣中再加入4倍柳叶沙参重量的质量分数90%的乙醇,浸泡10天,取上清液。合并两次提取液,过滤并减压回收乙醇;上清液浓缩成稠膏,稠膏烘干,粉碎成细粉,装胶囊。
实施例4
称取柳叶沙参1000g,切成2-3mm厚的薄片,加入8倍柳叶沙参重量的纯净水,浸泡40分钟后,加热煮沸80分钟,取上清液液;残渣中再加入6倍柳叶沙参重量的纯净水,煮沸70分钟,取上清液;合并两次提取液,4℃过夜,4层纱布过滤,除去沉淀;上清液减压浓缩成稠膏,烘干,粉碎成粉,加入适量糊精使药物质量达到1000g,即得片剂。
实施例5
称取柳叶沙参1000g,切成2-3mm厚的薄片,加入9倍柳叶沙参重量的纯净水,浸泡30分钟后,加热煮沸90分钟,取上清液液;残渣中再加入5倍柳叶沙参重量的纯净水,煮沸60分钟,取上清液;合并两次提取液,4℃过夜,4层纱布过滤,除去沉淀;上清液减压浓缩成稠膏,烘干,粉碎成粉,加入适量糊精使药物质量达到1000g,即得片剂。
实施例6
称取柳叶沙参1000g,切成2-3mm厚的薄片,加入10倍柳叶沙参重量的纯净水,浸泡20分钟后,加热煮沸100分钟,取上清液液;残渣中再加入6倍柳叶沙参重量的纯净水,煮沸50分钟,取上清液;合并两次提取液,4℃过夜,4层纱布过滤,除去沉淀;上清液减压浓缩成稠膏,烘干,粉碎成粉,加入适量糊精使药物质量达到1000g,即得片剂。
动物实验
观察柳叶沙参提取物对化疗药物的减毒增效作用。
1 材料
1.1 细胞株:小鼠肝癌腹水型H22细胞,由河北医科大学实验动物中心提供。小鼠腹腔内传代培养,实验用传代后第7天的细胞悬液。
1.2 实验动物:清洁级昆明小鼠,体重20-22克,雌雄各半,由山西省肿瘤研究所动物实验室提供,生产许可证号:SCXK(晋)2012-0001,实验动物使用许可证号:SYXK(晋)2012-0001。
1.3 药物:注射用羟喜树碱(深圳万乐药业有限公司生产,生产批号:1412H2,5mg/瓶); 将实施例2中的提取物作为试验药物。
2.建立小鼠荷瘤动物模型
2.1接种方法:无菌条件下抽取接种了H22细胞的小鼠6-7天腹水,以生理盐水配制成瘤细胞悬液,细胞浓度为107/ml,腹腔接种于昆明小鼠腹腔内,每只小鼠接种量0.1ml。
2.2 给药:所有动物在接种24小时后随机分为以下4
组:荷瘤动物模型组、羟喜树碱治疗组、柳叶沙参提取物治疗组、中药化合物组,比较各组动物的平均生存时间。
荷瘤动物模型组(以下简称模型组)10只,灌胃给予常水20ml/Kg;羟喜树碱治疗组(以下简称羟喜组)8只,腹腔注射给予羟喜树碱1.2mg/kg,分别于接种后第1天和第7天给予;柳叶沙参组(以下简称沙参组)8只,灌胃给予柳叶沙参提取物1.5g/kg,连续给药10天 ;中化联合物组 8只,腹腔注射给予羟喜树碱1.2mg/kg,分别于接种后第1天和第7天给予,灌胃给予中药柳叶沙参提取物1.5g/kg,连续给药10天。
3. 观察方法
观察期间动物常规饲养,自由采食饮水,每天观察记录动物的存活情况,记录60天内动物的死亡情况。统计各组动物的平均生存时间,进行组间比较。按照以下公式求出生命延长率:
生命延长率=(T/C)×100%
T为给药组动物平均生存天数;C为对照组动平均生存天数
4. 结果分析
各组动物的平均生存时间如表1所示:
表1 各组动物的平均生存时间(X±SD)
注:#p<0.05
结果表明,小鼠接种肝癌细胞后,平均生存时间为16.34天,给予化疗药羟喜树碱治疗后,小鼠的平均生存时间延长到23.36天,体现出药物对肿瘤细胞产生了一定的抑制作用。柳叶沙参提取物组小鼠的生命也得到了有效的延长,小鼠的平均生存时间达到24.44天,但统计学表明这两个给药组动物与模型组比较,均没有统计学差异。中药化合物组小鼠的平均生存时间达到30.12天,与模型组比较具有显著性差异,表明柳叶沙参提取物与化疗药物羟喜树碱合用可以有效的提高肿瘤的治疗效果,产生良好的协同增效作用。
本实验通过腹腔接种肝癌H22细胞的方法建立起小鼠肝癌模型,采用临床常用的羟喜树碱作为化疗药物给予治疗,观察了柳叶沙参提取物对化疗药物的减毒增效作用。结果表明,在单独用药的情况下,柳叶沙参提取物和化疗药物羟喜树碱,可延长荷瘤动物的平均生存时间。而当给予中药组合物时,小鼠的平均生存时间得到了显著的延长,表明药物的治疗效果得到了有效的提高,发挥出理想的提高化疗药物药效的作用。
此外,本发明还提供了同一产地的柳叶沙参和杏叶沙参对T24细胞的对比实施例。杏叶沙参味甘微苦,性凉,入肺经、肝经。具有养阴清肺,祛痰止咳的功效。可用于肺热燥咳,虚痨久咳,阴伤咽干喉痛等症。杏叶沙参的根含呋喃香豆精类:花椒毒素(xanthotoxin 或ammoidin,为8-甲氧基补骨脂素)。
1材料
1.1 细胞株 人膀胱癌细胞株T24,购自中科院上海生命科学研究院。
1.2 试剂及耗材 RPMI1640培养基购自美国Gibco公司,胎牛血清购自杭州四季青生物工程材料有限公司,胰蛋白酶购自上海生工生物工程有限公司,四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT),购自Solarbio公司,二甲基亚砜(DMSO)购自Sigma公司。96孔细胞培养板,购自加拿大BBI公司。
1.4 仪器 生物安全柜,青岛海尔医用低温科技有限公司;CO2培养箱,美国NuAire公司NU-5500E;倒置显微镜,德国Leica 090-135.001;光学显微镜,日本Olympus CX21FS1;电子天平,日本岛津制作所ATY224;SunRise酶标仪,奥地利Tecan公司。
1.5 药物 柳叶沙参和杏叶沙参均采自山西省吕梁市交城县庞泉沟,采集时间为2016年8月。
2实验方法
2.1 药物提取
2.1.1 将已晒干的两种沙参根部剪成2-3mm的薄片。
2.1.2 将药物置烧杯中,加入10-15倍去离子纯净水,沸水浴60分钟提取两次。
2.1.3 将两次提取液混合后水浴浓缩至生药含量为500mg/ml。
2.1.4 高压蒸汽灭菌药物。
2.2 细胞培养 T24细胞培养于含10%胎牛血清的RPMIl640培养基中,置37℃、5%CO2及饱和湿度的恒温孵育箱中培养。取对数生长期的细胞,以0.25%胰蛋白酶消化制成细胞悬液进行实验。
2.3 实验分组 阴性对照组,无细胞的培养基调零组,2mg/ml、1 mg/ml 、0.5 mg/ml 、0.25 mg/ml、0.125 mg/ml、0.0625 mg/ml两种沙参提取物组。
2.4 MTT法检测T24细胞活力
2.4.1 T24细胞以2×104个/孔接种于96孔板中,每孔加入培养基100ul,置于37℃、5%CO2培养箱中培养。
2.4.2 细胞贴壁后,除去原培养基,按上述分组方法加入含有不同浓度药物的培养基100ul,阴性对照组加入等量的培养基,并设立无细胞的培养基为调零组,每组设5个复孔。
2.4.3 加药24h后除去原培养基,每孔加入含有0.5mg/ml MTT的培养基100ul继续培养4h。除去孔内培养液,每孔加入150ul DMSO,置摇床上低速振荡10min,使结晶物充分溶解。酶标仪测定在490nm波长下的吸光度(OD值)。计算各浓度药物作用下T24抑制率。
细胞抑制率(%)=(1-实验组平均OD 值/对照组平均OD值)×100%
2.5 统计方法
采用SPSS 21.0统计软件进行统计学分析,数据呈正态分布,采用ANOVO单因素方差分析,方差齐采用LSD-t 检验,方差不齐采用Dunnett’s T3检验。若数据呈非正态分布则采用非参数检验。P<0.05差异有统计学意义。
3 结果
两种南沙参提取物在2mg/ml、1 mg/ml 、0.5 mg/ml 、0.25 mg/ml、0.125 mg/ml、0.0625 mg/ml浓度时对靶细胞均有一定的抑制作用,其中1mg/ml柳叶沙参对T24细胞抑制率为36.64%(P<0.05)。1 mg/ml杏叶沙参提取物对T24细抑制率为13.68%(P<0.05)(结果见表2、表3)
表2 各浓度柳叶沙参提取物作用24h后T24抑制率
注:*与对照组比较P<0.05
表3 各浓度杏叶沙参提取物作用24h后T24抑制率
注:*与对照组比较P<0.05
4结论
本实施例研究结果表明,两种南沙参水提取物对人膀胱癌细胞株T24均具有一定抑制作用,但柳叶南沙参的作用优于杏叶南沙参。
5讨论
两种沙参虽然都作为南沙参使用,但无论从所含成分还是在药物的治疗效果上均存在一定的差异,所以建议在临床应用时也应当有所区分。通过对临床应用效果的分析总结,我们发现柳叶南沙参在治疗放、化疗的副作用上有其特殊的优势,效果要明显优于杏叶南沙参。本实验从细胞学研究的水平上比较了两种沙参提取物的作用,结果表明柳叶南沙参对靶细胞的抑制作用明显优于杏叶南沙参,这一结果也从细胞实验的水平上证明了两种南沙参功效上存在的差异。
本实验对采自同一地区的两种南沙参提取物对T24细胞的抑制作用进行了比较研究,实验采用MTT比色法,由于该方法是使药物直接作用于细胞,只是药物对靶细胞的直接作用,并不能完全真实地反应出药物服用后经人体消化吸收后的所产生的结果,这些问题将在后续实验中逐步注意改进。
以上实施例仅仅是对发明技术方案作举例说明,而非对其限制;本发明所属技术领域的技术人员可以对所描述的具体实施例做出各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代;而这些修改和替代并不会使相应的技术方案偏离本发明各实施例的技术方案的精神和范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种肿瘤辅助治疗药物,其特征在于,其有效成分为柳叶沙参的醇提取物或水提取物,和羟喜树碱;所述肿瘤辅助治疗药物用于制备减轻肝癌治疗过程中放化疗毒性药物。
2.权利要求1所述的肿瘤辅助治疗药物在制备减轻肝癌治疗过程中放化疗毒性药物中的应用。
3.根据权利要求1所述的药物,其特征在于,醇提取物的制备方法包括以下步骤:1)称取柳叶沙参,乙醇浸泡,取上清液;2)残渣中再加入乙醇,浸泡取上清液;3)合并两次提取液,过滤并减压回收乙醇;4)取上清液即为醇提取物。
4. 根据权利要求3所述的药物,其特征在于,所述步骤 1)柳叶沙参切成2~3mm厚的薄片,加入6~8倍柳叶沙参重量的质量分数70~90%的乙醇,浸泡7~10天,取上清液;2)残渣中再加入3~4倍柳叶沙参重量的质量分数70~90%的乙醇,浸泡7~10天,取上清液。
5.根据权利要求1所述的药物,其特征在于,水提取物的制备方法包括以下步骤:1)称取柳叶沙参,纯净水浸泡,加热煮沸,取上清液;2)残渣中再加入纯净水,煮沸,取上清液;3)合并两次提取液,4℃静置,过滤除去沉淀;4)取上清液即为水提取物。
6.根据权利要求5所述的药物,其特征在于,所述步骤1)柳叶沙参切成2~3mm厚的薄片,加入8~10倍柳叶沙参重量的纯净水,浸泡20~40分钟后,加热煮沸80~100分钟,取上清液液;2)残渣中再加入5-6倍柳叶沙参重量的纯净水,煮沸50~70分钟,取上清液。
7.根据权利要求3、4、5或6所述的药物,其特征在于,还包括向步骤4)中所述的水提取物或醇提取物中加入辅料制成片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、丸剂或口服液剂型。
8.根据权利要求7所述的药物,其特征在于,加入的辅料量使药物质量达到生药重量。
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泰山沙参属植物资源调查与营养成分分析;郑致贞等;《中国野生植物资源》;20111031;第30卷(第5期);第58-61和69页,尤其是第60页右栏最后1段和第61页左栏第1段 * |
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