CN107122870A - A kind of metering model for estimating high yield thunder bamboo grove nitrogen demand - Google Patents

A kind of metering model for estimating high yield thunder bamboo grove nitrogen demand Download PDF

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CN107122870A
CN107122870A CN201710349334.3A CN201710349334A CN107122870A CN 107122870 A CN107122870 A CN 107122870A CN 201710349334 A CN201710349334 A CN 201710349334A CN 107122870 A CN107122870 A CN 107122870A
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nitrogen
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高志琴
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Ningbo City College of Vocational Technology
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Abstract

A kind of metering model for estimating high yield thunder bamboo grove nitrogen demand, the invention belongs to technical field of forestry, disclose a kind of for estimating forecast model of the thunder bamboo grove for nitrogen demand in nitrogenous fertilizer, according to the analytic statistics of fixed point and large sample (n=50) for many years, obtaining model is:N/667m2=[1 0.14 × N1/667m2‑0.32×N2/667m2+1.53×(avail)N3‑7.5×SOM]+22.5.The present invention can calculate demand of the thunder bamboo growth course for nitrogenous fertilizer according to quantification, complete fertilization compositions based on earth measurement;Contribute to perfect, abundant thunder bamboo grove high-yield cultivation technique content, improve management level;It can propose optimal nitrogen fertilising consumption suggested design according to needed for the development of thunder growth stage, woodland fertility present situation and high production bamboo shoot, implement accurate, quantitative fertilization, increase economic efficiency, save fertilising cost;Realize the operations objective of the fertile synergy of section and high-yield cultivating with improvement and soil protection ecological environment again simultaneously.

Description

A kind of metering model for estimating high yield thunder bamboo grove nitrogen demand
Technical field
The invention belongs to agronomy technical field of forestry, propose that one kind is based under intensive farming pattern, quick estimation high yield bamboo shoot With forecast model of the thunder growth stage for the plain demand of Nitrogen.
Background technology
Lei Zhu (Phyllostachys praecox) is grass family Bambusoideae Phyllostachys plant, is mainly distributed on Chinese river South Mountain ground hilly country, a large amount of plantations since the 1980s, due to high efficiency, especially late fall, early winter organic materials Cover after forcing culture, by the end of December, January goes out bamboo shoot, greatly improves the market price, and remarkable in economical benefits, every mu of net earnings reaches To 1.5-2.5 ten thousand yuan, it is promoted in its current cultivated area on Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangsu, Jiangxi and other places, particularly Zhe Jianghu State city, Hangzhou, Ningbo City's cultivated area are even more swift and violent, are local main economic bamboo kinds.Because its growth is quick, renewal speed It hurry up, be even more that nutritive value is good because phyllostachys pracecox shoots quality is delicious, be high-quality shoot use bamboo shoot, market prospects are had an optimistic view of.
At present, Lei Zhu is the high-quality shoot use bamboo shoot resource of the provinces such as Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangsu, Fujian.Annual preliminary system in 2015 Meter shows that Zhejiang Province's annual production reaches ten thousand tons of 2.2-2.3, and the output value reaches 3.3 hundred million yuans, is imitated with higher economic society Benefit, is that Regional Forestry dominates woods special product product.
Thunder bamboo rhizome-root system growth distribution on underground, bamboo whip raw whip bud, differentiation of shoot bud needs enough nutrition and suitable The need for its Growth and Differentiation of suitable water satisfied, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace element are the basic nutrition members for promoting bamboo to grow Element, nutrient deficiency causes growth retardation, and yield declines, and applying fertilizer excessively can cause utilization rate of fertilizer to reduce, and cause fertilizer Material is superfluous to trigger environmental pollution.At present, the report document increased production that applied fertilizer on thunder bamboo grove is more, mainly around organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer Under compounding application, the relevant report of volume increase is reached, mainly under fertilizer total amount matching requirements, with appropriate fertilization mode such as one Different growing stage applies produced bamboo shoots effect of increasing production in year, however, being directed to the volume increase of specific nutrient element species so far Effectiveness report is few.Because thunder bamboo management condition differs larger, show that the soil nutrient status of forest land in itself has differences, In addition, standing forest strain number density is different also to produce influence to nutrient consumption and fertilizer consumption.
Nitrogen (N) nutrient grows the most nutrient of demand as thunder bamboo, at present, based on excavation bamboo shoots target The nitrogen nutrient management of operation is planned strategies for, and achievement in research is less, and nitrogen is obtained from the inorganic fertilizers such as organic fertilizer, composite fertilizer, high yield thunder bamboo The precision demand amount of woods nitrogen needs annual overall balance metering, and draws thunder bamboo nitrogen manure by the contrast of different year Application effect, by field fertilization design and thunder Shoot yield actually cumulative measurement, draw high yield with regression calculation model Thunder bamboo shoot woods nitrogen demand model.In summary, the problem of prior art is present be:Thunder bamboo grove is directed to the demand of specific nutrient element Rule, and fertilising yield increasing effect report are less, and action rule of a certain nutrient for yield is drawn from law of minimum nourishment, because To there is synergy between nutrient element, the production-increasing function of single nutrient needs the comprehensive function in other envirment factors to issue The effect of waving, this is to solve the difficult point place that nutrient element effect of increasing production is quantitatively judged.As the thunder bamboo grove continuously managed, analysis exists Under intensive management technical measures, thunder Shoot yield is starting point of the invention for the dependency relation between nitrogen quantity delivered, It is the key point that metering model is built.
The content of the invention
The problem of existing for prior art, the invention provides a kind of prediction mould for estimating thunder bamboo grove nitrogenous fertilizer demand Type.
Implementation method of the present invention is yes:With under fertilizer application pattern, according to different fertilizer type and its consumption, according to Nitrogen element Content of Nutrients, is divided into fertilising and bamboo shoot output beasurement base, standing forest size is set as with thunder bamboo grove 20 × 20m, i.e., be experimental field 0.60 mu.Since according to 2 years, annual dose converts the total input amount of nitrogen, and bamboo shoots then Early stage nitrogen input quantity is harvested, total input nitrogen nutrient quantity is calculated, while determining plough horizon 0-20cm Soil Availables Property nitrogen nutrient content, and soil fertility main source soil organic matter content, fertilising sample is set and control sample (CK), the present invention is that the investigation statisticses based on 50 pieces of sample ground draw data, according to the yield sequence of bamboo shoots per mu yield height with it is corresponding Soil Nitrogen Content, correlation model is drawn with grey correlation analysis.
Estimation high yield thunder bamboo grove nitrogenous fertilizer demand forecast model be:
N/667m2=[1-0.14 × N1/667m2-0.32×N2/667m2+1.53×(avail)N3-7.5×SOM]+ 22.5。
In formula:N/667m2:Every mu of high yield thunder bamboo grove amount of nitrogen:Unit kilogram;
N1/667m2:The average amount of nitrogen of every mu of thunder bamboo grove of the previous year:Unit kilogram;
N2/667m2:Nitrogen application during early growth stage total amount then:
N3:The average quick-acting nitrogen content mg/kg of timbered soil arable layer 0-20cm;
SOM:Soil organic matter content %.
The present invention is intended to provide one kind application formula, for quickly calculating under different thunder bamboo management situations, high yield woods institute The demand of correspondence nitrogenous fertilizer, can be used to quickly estimate thunder growth for nitrogen demand.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the forecast model of estimation thunder bamboo grove nitrogenous fertilizer demand, suitable plant is grass Section Bambusoideae Phyllostachys plant-Lei Zhu, emphasis is standing forest bamboo shoots increment for nitrogen need assessment.
Advantages of the present invention and effect are:The fertilising of thunder bamboo grove is mainly advised according to its different growth phases for nutrient demand Rule, carries out specific aim fertilising, carries out in terms of fertilizer type selection, fertilizer amount and fertilizer application mode, bamboo shoots are improved to realize The target of yield and nutrient balance, and there is empirical fertilising in thunder bamboo grove fertilising at present, with uncertainty.
The consumption of nitrogenous fertilizer is most in the fertilising of thunder Bamboo Soil, and nitrogen is that Lei Zhu differentiation of shoot bud and bamboo shoots form institute again The element that nutrition is most is needed, in order to reach saving, reasonable and efficient applied nitrogen, utilization rate of fertilizer is improved, reduces due to not true Fertilizer loss caused by qualitative fertilising, reaches the fertile synergy purpose of section, carries out fertilising metering.According to specific thunder bamboo grove slitting part, Fertilizers input, soil nutrient status etc., by monitoring soil nitrogen nutrient and bamboo shoot output, statistical is carried out with sample-plot survey Result is analysed, different thunder growth features are drawn, show that high yield thunder bamboo grove is measured for the demand of nitrogen nutrient, is had according to metering Effect improves nitrogen manure utilization rate, reduces the amount of application of nitrogen manure, and nitrogen manure saves consumption 15-20%, and yield Do not subtract, save fertilizers input cost.Calculated by nitrogen demand, can effectively carry out the matching design of fertilizer, it is ensured that nitrogen Element supply balance, improves fertilizer efficiency and Lei Zhu growth efficiencies.
Thunder bamboo Stand Growth, hair bamboo shoot can be calculated with model of the present invention, during Cheng Zhu, interim growth course pair In the demand of nitrogen, the thunder bamboo grove amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer estimation based on standing forest bamboo shoots in high yield level;Based on standing forest yardstick and intensive Change under cultivation mode, the anniversary of thunder bamboo grove nitrogen manure consumption and plans strategies for rational application of fertilizers Demand Forecast.
The present invention can quantify the demand for calculating thunder bamboo growth phase for fertilizer nitrogen, and different nitrogenous fertilizer are calculated accordingly and are used Amount, helps to complete fertilization compositions based on earth measurement.On the one hand the utilization rate of nitrogen manure is improved, nitrogen manure is on the other hand reduced Loss or decomposition, calculating annual every mu by model can reduce by 15-20% fertilizer amount, be favorably improved economic benefit, Improve forest land management level;It can be proposed optimal according to needed for thunder growth stage, woodland fertility present situation and high production bamboo shoot Nitrogen puts into the suggested design of consumption.
Counted according to 5 years, save nitrogen input fertilizer application mode, bamboo shoot output is not reduced not only, the per mu yield of unit plane just Amount increases production 16-24% on the contrary, while can active balance soil nitrogen nutrient situation, improvement timbered soil structure, increase soil fertilizer Power.Accordingly, it is capable to realize the fertile synergy of section and high yield operations objective.The accurate supplement of nitrogen, is to realize that thunder growth applies fertilizer on demand, Improve the common-denominator target of nitrogen manure utilization rate.The advantage of invention model be can according to forest land actual nutrient levels, especially before Phase nitrogen nutrient Input and thunder bamboo grove throughput requirements, complete fertilization recommendation, including nitrogen manure selection, fertilizer amount and apply With the specific link such as method, grown so as to preferably meet phyllostachys pracecox shoots with woods, the multiple mesh of cost-saving synergistic and improvement environment Mark.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to Limit the present invention.
It is provided in an embodiment of the present invention estimation thunder bamboo grove nitrogenous fertilizer demand forecast model be:
N/667m2=[1-0.14 × N1/667m2-0.32×N2/667m2+1.53×(avail)N-7.5×SOM]+ 22.5。
In formula:N/667m2:Every mu of high yield thunder bamboo grove amount of nitrogen:Unit kilogram (kg), N1/667m2:Every mu of thunder bamboo of the previous year The average amount of nitrogen of woods:Unit kilogram (kg), N2/667m2:Nitrogen application during early growth stage total amount, (avail) N then3:Timbered soil arable layer 0- The average quick-acting nitrogen contents (mg/kg) of 20cm, SOM:Soil organic matter content %.
The thunder bamboo grove nitrogen magnitude of recruitment and effect that case study on implementation of the present invention is provided are based on accomplished below:
(1) fertilising of the formulation fertilizer containing nitrogen of thunder bamboo grove is put into and counted, virgin woodland data, parameter setting in metering model, The determination of weight coefficient is obtained by forest land statistics;
(2) soil nutrient index, the strict accurate statistics such as fertilizers input amount;Calculate that fertilizer is used with nitrogen metering model Amount, completes to apply fertilizer according to amount of calculation.
(3) thunder bamboo grove fertilising actual effect data are by comparing acquisition, with nitrogen metering model fertilization recommendation, with experience Property fertilising exist difference and actual effect control development compare;
(4) it is based on 40 pieces of study plots that the thunder growth stage (anniversary), which needs nitrogen metering model parameter designing and weight to assign, Obtain;It can be analyzed according to actual fertilization effect, and in time to model correction and parameter adjustment, to ensure model accuracy.
The application effect of the present invention is explained in detail with reference to specific implementation case.
Fertilizer test area is distributed in the Yan Tou villages of Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province Fenghua City Xikou Zhen, Yu and opens Yangchuan village, Ren Song villages, Ban Xi 9 Lei Zhu production bases such as village, Ting Xiahu villages, Kang Ling villages, abnormal mountain village, Dianbai village, lake mountain village, fertilising standing forest be winter forest land cover Lid thunder bamboo grove, earth's surface is covered with rice chaff, and rice chaff thickness 35-40cm, duck excrement needs nitrogen meter as hot organic fertilizer is made using above-mentioned Amount model is carried out nitrogen application and planned strategies for design.Forest land nitrogenous fertilizer mainly applies species:Urea CO (NH2)2, ammonium hydrogen carbonate NH4HCO3, composite fertilizer etc., above-mentioned fertilizer last year, input amount was converted to actual nitrogen content then, in 2010 to 2014 Experiment fertilising is carried out, monolithic forest land area is 20m × 20m, i.e., 0.60 mu, 40 pieces of study plots are set, and set 10 pieces of control (CK) it is compared, Continuous Observation 5 years, obtains bamboo shoots annual production data and harvesting bamboo shoots this season soil nitrogen nutrient situation.
The result of fertilizer test shows that the utilization effect of above-mentioned nitrogen demand metering model significantly, can be empirical than ever Nitrogen 26.3-31.5% is saved in fertilising, and nitrogen manure saves consumption 15-20%, and average every mu of fertilising cost reduces 125.5- 178.8 yuan, per hectare reduces 1882.5-2682.0 yuans, and whole trial zone is according to current production scale, forest land 7000 Mu, can save more than 120 ten thousand yuan of fertilizer cost, economical, societal benefits are very notable every year.The forecast model of nitrogenous fertilizer demand has Preferable reappearance, performance model can preferably realize that forest land nitrogen manure is precisely supplemented, and popularizing application prospect is had an optimistic view of.
Presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is the foregoing is only, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention's Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within spirit and principle etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Model checking case 1-3 verification process (2013-2015 years):
N/667m2=[1-0.14 × N1/667m2-0.32×N2/667m2+1.53×(avail)N3-7.5×SOM]+ 22.5。
In formula:N/667m2:Every mu of high yield thunder bamboo grove amount of nitrogen:Unit kilogram (kg), N1/667m2:Every mu of thunder bamboo of the previous year The average amount of nitrogen of woods:Unit kilogram (kg), N2/667m2:Nitrogen application during early growth stage total amount, (avail) N then:Timbered soil arable layer 0- The average quick-acting nitrogen contents (mg/kg) of 20cm, SOM:Soil organic matter content %.
Case 1:The Fenghua of Ningbo in 2013 Kang Lingcun thunder bamboo groves 1:
N1/667m2, 2012 every mu of annual amount of nitrogen 60kg, N2/667m2:Nitrogen application during early growth stage total amount 28kg then, forest land soil Average available nitrogen (avail) the N content 55mg/kg of 0-20cm of earth arable layer, soil organic matter content 4.2% is then calculated according to formula Amount of nitrogen is within 2012:1-0.14 × 60-0.32 × 28+1.53 × 55-7.5 × 4.2%+22.5=1-8.4-8.96+ 84.15-0.315+22.5=89.975kg
Case 2:2014 Nian Kangling villages thunder bamboo groves 1:
N1/667m2, 2013 every mu of annual amount of nitrogen 89.975kg, N2/667m2:Nitrogen application during early growth stage total amount 15kg, woods then Average available nitrogen (avail) the N content 60mg/kg of ground 0-20cm of plough horizon, soil organic matter content 3.9%, then according to formula Calculating amount of nitrogen in 2013 is:1-0.14 × 89.975-0.32 × 15+1.53 × 60-7.5 × 3.9%+22.5=1- 12.5965-4.8+91.8-0.2925+22.5=97.611kg
Case 3:2015 Nian Kangling villages thunder bamboo groves 1:
N1/667m2, 2013 every mu of annual amount of nitrogen 97.611kg, N2/667m2:Nitrogen application during early growth stage total amount 26kg, woods then Average available nitrogen (avail) the N content 58mg/kg of ground 0-20cm of plough horizon, soil organic matter content 4.5%, then according to formula Calculating amount of nitrogen in 2014 is:89.917kg.
By continuously keeping track of with statistical process same thunder bamboo grove, the amount of nitrogen reappearance drawn according to model It is good, the nitrogen Input Level of actual fertilizer application can be reflected.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of forecast model for estimating thunder bamboo grove nitrogenous fertilizer demand, it is characterised in that the estimation thunder bamboo grove nitrogenous fertilizer demand Forecast model be:
N/667m2=[1-0.14 × N1/667m2-0.32×N2/667m2+1.53×(avail)N3-7.5×SOM]+22.5;
In formula:N/667m2:Every mu of high yield thunder bamboo grove amount of nitrogen:Unit kilogram;
N1/667m2:The average amount of nitrogen of every mu of thunder bamboo grove of the previous year:Unit kilogram;
N2/667m2:Nitrogen application during early growth stage total amount then:
(avail)N3:The average quick-acting nitrogen content mg/kg of timbered soil arable layer 0-20cm;
SOM:Soil organic matter content %.
2. the thunder bamboo grove of the forecast model of thunder bamboo grove nitrogenous fertilizer demand is estimated described in a kind of application claim 1.
3. the grass family Bambusoideae Phyllostachys of the forecast model of thunder bamboo grove nitrogenous fertilizer demand is estimated described in a kind of application claim 1 Plant.
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