CN102160502B - Method for determining daily fertilizer requirement of greenhouse crop - Google Patents
Method for determining daily fertilizer requirement of greenhouse crop Download PDFInfo
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- CN102160502B CN102160502B CN 201110000839 CN201110000839A CN102160502B CN 102160502 B CN102160502 B CN 102160502B CN 201110000839 CN201110000839 CN 201110000839 CN 201110000839 A CN201110000839 A CN 201110000839A CN 102160502 B CN102160502 B CN 102160502B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for determining daily fertilizer requirement of a greenhouse crop, belonging to the technical field of facility culture. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: (1) calculating effective accumulated temperature, namely calculating a mean daily temperature by utilizing temperature data acquired by a greenhouse system, and acquiring the mean daily temperature of one day in the future by utilizing a daily maximum temperature and a daily minimum temperature of a weather forecast; subtracting the mean daily temperature by a limit temperature; then accumulating to obtain the effective accumulated temperature of the greenhouse crop; and calculating the mean daily temperature of one day in the future according to the daily maximum temperature and the daily minimum temperature of the weather forecast; (2) determining daily fertilizer requirement; and (3) converting the fertilizer requirement of a single plant into the total fertilizer requirement of a planting region. The method provided by the invention is applicable to determination of daily fertilizer requirement of various greenhouse crops such as cucumber, tomato, lettuce and rape, especially determination of the daily fertilizer requirement of the cucumber. In the invention, the daily fertilizer requirement of greenhouse cucumber is accurately predetermined according to the effective accumulated temperature of crop growth, and a theoretical basis is provided for greenhouse nutrient solution management.
Description
Technical field
Present technique is to determine the method for chamber crop (cucumber) day fertilizer requirement by chamber crop (cucumber) growth model and nutrient absorption and distribution model.Belong to facility culture technical field.
Background technology
China's facilities horticulture area has reached 3,300,000 hectares, accounts for 85% of world's facilities horticulture total area, generally adopts nutrition liquid irrigation in large greenhouse, and heliogreenhouse, hot house also adopt nutrition liquid irrigation more and more.Cucumber is one of chief crop of China's greenhouse production.China adopts excessive, saturated irrigation in producing about facility mostly at present, management to nutrient solution is mainly managed by EC and PH, because crop is different to the absorption of component in the nutrient solution, be easy to cause the not enough or superfluous of some element in the nutrient solution, this not only causes the waste of liquid manure resource, and contaminated environment.Therefore, reinforcement under the prerequisite that does not affect the chamber crop yield and quality, reduces the discharging of nutrient solution in the soilless culture to the research of chamber crop nutrient, water demand rule as much as possible, to improving the efficient utilization of liquid manure in the hothouse production, reduce the environmental pollution tool and be of great significance; According to the crop demand, water as required, quantitative fertilization, also be an indispensable part in the precision agriculture research.
Following two kinds of methods are adopted in the at present management of greenhouse vegetable (take cucumber as example) fertilizer requirement mostly: the first is to adopt saturated irrigation method, makes crop be in the state of moisture and nutrient sufficient supplies.This method has reduced fertilizer and efficiency of water application, and contaminated environment, does not meet the requirement of agricultural modernization.The second is according to experience, within certain period (such as 1 week), with different elements, mixes according to certain ratio, and crop is carried out fertilizer.There is the deficiency of two aspects in this method, and the firstth, on this basis that is based upon the large quantity research of crop regulation of fertilizer requirement, this method is adopted in the at present management of the chamber crop fertilizer requirement of the U.S. mostly.But because China's facility cultivation start time is late, associated research is few, and therefore this method is not suitable for China's national situation; The secondth, crop mainly is subjected to the impact of temperature to the demand of fertilizer, different temperature conditions, and fertilizer requirement is different.Given this, this research has been set up the relational model of chamber crop fertilizer-sucting quantity and effective accumulated temperature by experiment, predicts the fertilizer requirement of chamber crop with this.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is for overcoming above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, the absorption of nutrient is depended primarily on the growth rate of crop according to crop, plant growth speed is mainly determined by temperature, the invention provides the method for a kind of definite chamber crop day fertilizer requirement, set up the relational model between crop nutrition content uptake and the temperature, predicted the day fertilizer requirement of crop by this model.
A kind of definite chamber crop day fertilizer requirement method, it is characterized in that carrying out according to following step:
(1) calculating of effective accumulated temperature: the Temperature Datum that utilizes Greenhouse System to gather, calculate mean daily temperature, for following one day mean daily temperature, utilize day the highest, the minimum temperature of weather forecast to obtain; Mean daily temperature is deducted critical temperature; Then add up, obtain the effective accumulated temperature of chamber crop; And to following one day mean daily temperature, then calculate according to day the highest, the minimum temperature of weather forecast;
Its specific formula for calculation is as follows:
Every day effective accumulated temperature D(i+1)=Tmean(i+1)-T
bFormula (1);
In the formula, D(i+1) be i+1 days the day effective accumulated temperature;
Tmean(i+1) be i+1 days mean daily temperatures;
If be i days today, the maximum temperature that i+1 days mean daily temperature obtains by weather forecast and minimum temperature are asked,
Tmean（i+1）=0.8×Tmax+0.2×Tmin；
Tmax, Tmin are respectively day the highest, the minimum temperature that weather forecast obtains;
Tb is critical temperature;
Effective accumulated temperature GDD(i+1)=GDD(i)+D (i+1);
GDD(i+1), GDD(i) be respectively i+1, i days effective accumulated temperature.
(2) determining of fertilizer requirement every day:
Every day, fertilizer requirement can be calculated by following formula:
Formula (2);
N (i+1)=Q (i+1)-Q (i) formula (4);
Wherein Q (i+1), Q (i) are respectively i+1, i days crop to the uptake (mg/plant) of certain element in the formula, and N (i+1) is i+1 days fertilizer requirement (mg/plant); Wherein a, b, c, d are parameter, obtain by designing different fertilizer tests according to different crops.When parameter value when being higher limit, plant recovery of nutrient reduces; When parameter value during less than lower limit, chamber crop is will fertilizer not enough.
(3) the individual plant fertilizer requirement is converted to the total fertilizer requirement of growing area:
F(i+1)=N (i+1) * n; Formula (5);
F(i+1) be the total fertilizer requirement of growing area, n is the total strain number of growing area.
A kind of definite chamber crop day of the present invention fertilizer requirement method, be adapted to determining of fertilizer requirement of the various chamber crop day such as cucumber, tomato, romaine lettuce, rape, be particularly useful for determining of cucumber day fertilizer requirement.
A kind of definite chamber crop day of the present invention fertilizer requirement method, when being used for determining cucumber day during fertilizer requirement,
Wherein for the Tb critical temperature in the step (1), think that all the cucumber growth critical temperature is 10 ℃ in the prior art at present concerning cucumber, namely the Tb value is 10 ℃;
Wherein for step (2) wherein a, b, c, d be parameter, obtain by designing the test of different fertilizers according to different crops, the value of different element parameters sees Table 1 for cucumber.When parameter value when being higher limit, plant recovery of nutrient reduces; When parameter value during less than lower limit, greenhouse cucumber is will fertilizer not enough.
The value of the different element parameters of table 1. cucumber
| Element | a | b | c | d |
| Nitrogen | 191±10 | 5947±10 | 825±10 | 127±10 |
| Phosphorus | 42±5 | 1553.26±5 | 849±5 | 109±5 |
| Potassium | 220±10 | 4591±10 | 7453±10 | 71±10 |
| Calcium | 198±5 | 4409±5 | 724±5 | 134±5 |
| Magnesium | 46±5 | 1754±5 | 851±5 | 137±5 |
Advantage of the present invention:
Definite method of greenhouse cucumber fertilizer requirement adopts " deciding fertilizer to produce " mostly at present, namely decides the fertilizer requirement of greenhouse cucumber according to target output.This method only can be predicted the greenhouse cucumber fertilizer requirement of whole breeding time, and can not predict the day fertilizer requirement of greenhouse cucumber.The present invention comes the day fertilizer requirement of accurately predicting greenhouse cucumber according to the effective accumulated temperature of plant growth, for the greenhouse nutrient management provides theoretical foundation.
Embodiment
The below determine during take the greenhouse production cucumber cucumber day fertilizer requirement as example, introduce in detail the method for the present invention's fertilizer requirement of a kind of definite chamber crop day, it comprises following three steps:
The first step, the effective accumulated temperature of calculating greenhouse cucumber.
The Temperature Datum that utilizes Greenhouse System to gather calculates mean daily temperature, for following one day mean daily temperature, utilizes day the highest, the minimum temperature of weather forecast to obtain.Mean daily temperature is deducted 10 ℃ of critical temperatures (thinking that all the cucumber growth critical temperature is 10 ℃ in the prior art at present concerning cucumber).Then add up, obtain the effective accumulated temperature of greenhouse cucumber.And to following one day mean daily temperature, then calculate according to day the highest, the minimum temperature of weather forecast.Concrete calculating:
For example: a greenhouse cucumber cultivation district, cucumber 100 strains in the district, on February 1st, 2007 sowing, then the inside greenhouse envirment factor of greenhouse computer acquisition is following table: limited because of length, get the greenhouse data in 1-February 7 February.As shown in table 2.
The temperature data of table 2. greenhouse computer acquisition
| Date-Time | Temperature |
| 01-02-2007 00:00:00 | 20.5 |
| 01-02-2007 00:30:00 | 20 |
| 01-02-2007 01:00:00 | 19.9 |
| 01-02-2007 01:30:00 | 19.9 |
| 01-02-2007 02:00:00 | 20.3 |
| 01-02-2007 02:30:00 | 20.1 |
| 01-02-2007 03:00:00 | 19.8 |
| 01-02-2007 03:30:00 | 20.4 |
| 01-02-2007 04:00:00 | 20.6 |
| 01-02-2007 04:30:00 | 19.9 |
| 01-02-2007 05:00:00 | 19.9 |
| 01-02-2007 05:30:00 | 20.1 |
| 01-02-2007 06:00:00 | 20.1 |
| 01-02-2007 06:30:00 | 20.1 |
| 01-02-2007 07:00:00 | 20 |
| 01-02-2007 07:30:00 | 20 |
| 01-02-2007 08:00:00 | 20.7 |
| 01-02-2007 08:30:00 | 20.8 |
| 01-02-2007 09:00:00 | 22.3 |
| 01-02-2007 09:30:00 | 24.1 |
| 01-02-2007 10:00:00 | 27.1 |
| 01-02-2007 10:30:00 | 29.1 |
| 01-02-2007 11:00:00 | 31.4 |
| 01-02-2007 11:30:00 | 33.8 |
| 01-02-2007 12:00:00 | 33.3 |
| 01-02-2007 12:30:00 | 34.9 |
| 01-02-2007 13:00:00 | 35.3 |
| 01-02-2007 13:30:00 | 34.9 |
| 01-02-2007 14:00:00 | 33.8 |
| 01-02-2007 14:30:00 | 32.3 |
| 01-02-2007 15:00:00 | 29.8 |
| 01-02-2007 15:30:00 | 26.8 |
| 01-02-2007 16:00:00 | 23.5 |
| 01-02-2007 16:30:00 | 20.2 |
| 01-02-2007 17:00:00 | 17.8 |
| 01-02-2007 17:30:00 | 15.9 |
| 01-02-2007 18:00:00 | 14.5 |
| 01-02-2007 18:30:00 | 13.4 |
| 01-02-2007 19:00:00 | 12.6 |
| 01-02-2007 19:30:00 | 11.8 |
| 01-02-2007 20:00:00 | 11.3 |
| 01-02-2007 20:30:00 | 10.9 |
| 01-02-2007 21:00:00 | 10.6 |
| 01-02-2007 21:30:00 | 10.7 |
| 01-02-2007 22:00:00 | 11.2 |
| 01-02-2007 22:30:00 | 11 |
| 01-02-2007 23:00:00 | 10.7 |
| 01-02-2007 23:30:00 | 10.2 |
| 02-02-2007 00:00:00 | 9.82 |
| 02-02-2007 00:30:00 | 9.6 |
| 02-02-2007 01:00:00 | 9.88 |
| 02-02-2007 01:30:00 | 10.1 |
| 02-02-2007 02:00:00 | 10.18 |
| 02-02-2007 02:30:00 | 10.2 |
| 02-02-2007 03:00:00 | 10.12 |
| 02-02-2007 03:30:00 | 10.1 |
| 02-02-2007 04:00:00 | 10 |
| 02-02-2007 04:30:00 | 10 |
| 02-02-2007 05:00:00 | 9.9 |
| 02-02-2007 05:30:00 | 9.8 |
| 02-02-2007 06:00:00 | 9.7 |
| 02-02-2007 06:30:00 | 9.7 |
| 02-02-2007 07:00:00 | 9.88 |
| 02-02-2007 07:30:00 | 10.78 |
| 02-02-2007 08:00:00 | 12.72 |
| 02-02-2007 08:30:00 | 15.5 |
| 02-02-2007 09:00:00 | 19.28 |
| 02-02-2007 09:30:00 | 22.78 |
| 02-02-2007 10:00:00 | 26.56 |
| 02-02-2007 10:30:00 | 29.9 |
| 02-02-2007 11:00:00 | 32.76 |
| 02-02-2007 11:30:00 | 36.38 |
| 02-02-2007 12:00:00 | 37.64 |
| 02-02-2007 12:30:00 | 37.62 |
| 02-02-2007 13:00:00 | 35.64 |
| 02-02-2007 13:30:00 | 35.32 |
| 02-02-2007 14:00:00 | 35.2 |
| 02-02-2007 14:30:00 | 33.67 |
| 02-02-2007 15:00:00 | 31.17 |
| 02-02-2007 15:30:00 | 28.21 |
| 02-02-2007 16:00:00 | 24.61 |
| 02-02-2007 16:30:00 | 21.39 |
| 02-02-2007 17:00:00 | 19.14 |
| 02-02-2007 17:30:00 | 17.27 |
| 02-02-2007 18:00:00 | 15.64 |
| 02-02-2007 18:30:00 | 14.34 |
| 02-02-2007 19:00:00 | 13.34 |
| 02-02-2007 19:30:00 | 12.62 |
| 02-02-2007 20:00:00 | 12.1 |
| 02-02-2007 20:30:00 | 11.7 |
| 02-02-2007 21:00:00 | 11.88 |
| 02-02-2007 21:30:00 | 12.76 |
| 02-02-2007 22:00:00 | 13.68 |
| 02-02-2007 22:30:00 | 13.9 |
| 02-02-2007 23:00:00 | 13.82 |
| 02-02-2007 23:30:00 | 13.42 |
| 03-02-2007 00:00:00 | 13.68 |
| 03-02-2007 00:30:00 | 14.28 |
| 03-02-2007 01:00:00 | 14.98 |
| 03-02-2007 01:30:00 | 15.48 |
| 03-02-2007 02:00:00 | 15.98 |
| 03-02-2007 02:30:00 | 16.3 |
| 03-02-2007 03:00:00 | 16.68 |
| 03-02-2007 03:30:00 | 16.88 |
| 03-02-2007 04:00:00 | 17.1 |
| 03-02-2007 04:30:00 | 17.3 |
| 03-02-2007 05:00:00 | 17.5 |
| 03-02-2007 05:30:00 | 17.7 |
| 03-02-2007 06:00:00 | 17.9 |
| 03-02-2007 06:30:00 | 18.18 |
| 03-02-2007 07:00:00 | 18.4 |
| 03-02-2007 07:30:00 | 18.98 |
| 03-02-2007 08:00:00 | 20.65 |
| 03-02-2007 08:30:00 | 22.06 |
| 03-02-2007 09:00:00 | 24.48 |
| 03-02-2007 09:30:00 | 27.49 |
| 03-02-2007 10:00:00 | 31.19 |
| 03-02-2007 10:30:00 | 34.63 |
| 03-02-2007 11:00:00 | 36.33 |
| 03-02-2007 11:30:00 | 38.23 |
| 03-02-2007 12:00:00 | 39.96 |
| 03-02-2007 12:30:00 | 40.18 |
| 03-02-2007 13:00:00 | 39.58 |
| 03-02-2007 13:30:00 | 34.85 |
| 03-02-2007 14:00:00 | 32.02 |
| 03-02-2007 14:30:00 | 29.55 |
| 03-02-2007 15:00:00 | 27.6 |
| 03-02-2007 15:30:00 | 25.27 |
| 03-02-2007 16:00:00 | 24.43 |
| 03-02-2007 16:30:00 | 22.09 |
| 03-02-2007 17:00:00 | 19.53 |
| 03-02-2007 17:30:00 | 17.47 |
| 03-02-2007 18:00:00 | 16.13 |
| 03-02-2007 18:30:00 | 15.02 |
| 03-02-2007 19:00:00 | 14.12 |
| 03-02-2007 19:30:00 | 13.42 |
| 03-02-2007 20:00:00 | 12.8 |
| 03-02-2007 20:30:00 | 12.3 |
| 03-02-2007 21:00:00 | 12 |
| 03-02-2007 21:30:00 | 11.8 |
| 03-02-2007 22:00:00 | 12.27 |
| 03-02-2007 22:30:00 | 13.37 |
| 03-02-2007 23:00:00 | 14.08 |
| 03-02-2007 23:30:00 | 14.48 |
| 04-02-2007 00:00:00 | 14.98 |
| 04-02-2007 00:30:00 | 15.3 |
| 04-02-2007 01:00:00 | 15.58 |
| 04-02-2007 01:30:00 | 15.9 |
| 04-02-2007 02:00:00 | 16.2 |
| 04-02-2007 02:30:00 | 16.38 |
| 04-02-2007 03:00:00 | 16.58 |
| 04-02-2007 03:30:00 | 16.8 |
| 04-02-2007 04:00:00 | 17 |
| 04-02-2007 04:30:00 | 17 |
| 04-02-2007 05:00:00 | 17.2 |
| 04-02-2007 05:30:00 | 17 |
| 04-02-2007 06:00:00 | 16.7 |
| 04-02-2007 06:30:00 | 16.7 |
| 04-02-2007 07:00:00 | 16.8 |
| 04-02-2007 07:30:00 | 17.38 |
| 04-02-2007 08:00:00 | 18.87 |
| 04-02-2007 08:30:00 | 22.06 |
| 04-02-2007 09:00:00 | 24.48 |
| 04-02-2007 09:30:00 | 27.49 |
| 04-02-2007 10:00:00 | 31.19 |
| 04-02-2007 10:30:00 | 34.63 |
| 04-02-2007 11:00:00 | 36.33 |
| 04-02-2007 11:30:00 | 38.23 |
| 04-02-2007 12:00:00 | 39.96 |
| 04-02-2007 12:30:00 | 40.18 |
| 04-02-2007 13:00:00 | 39.58 |
| 04-02-2007 13:30:00 | 34.85 |
| 04-02-2007 14:00:00 | 32.02 |
| 04-02-2007 14:30:00 | 29.55 |
| 04-02-2007 15:00:00 | 27.6 |
| 04-02-2007 15:30:00 | 25.27 |
| 04-02-2007 16:00:00 | 24.43 |
| 04-02-2007 16:30:00 | 22.09 |
| 04-02-2007 17:00:00 | 19.53 |
| 04-02-2007 17:30:00 | 17.47 |
| 04-02-2007 18:00:00 | 16.13 |
| 04-02-2007 18:30:00 | 15.02 |
| 04-02-2007 19:00:00 | 14.12 |
| 04-02-2007 19:30:00 | 13.42 |
| 04-02-2007 20:00:00 | 12.8 |
| 04-02-2007 20:30:00 | 12.3 |
| 04-02-2007 21:00:00 | 12 |
| 04-02-2007 21:30:00 | 11.8 |
| 04-02-2007 22:00:00 | 12.27 |
| 04-02-2007 22:30:00 | 13.37 |
| 04-02-2007 23:00:00 | 14.08 |
| 04-02-2007 23:30:00 | 14.48 |
| 05-02-2007 00:00:00 | 14.98 |
| 05-02-2007 00:30:00 | 15.3 |
| 05-02-2007 01:00:00 | 15.58 |
| 05-02-2007 01:30:00 | 15.9 |
| 05-02-2007 02:00:00 | 16.2 |
| 05-02-2007 02:30:00 | 16.38 |
| 05-02-2007 03:00:00 | 16.58 |
| 05-02-2007 03:30:00 | 16.8 |
| 05-02-2007 04:00:00 | 17 |
| 05-02-2007 04:30:00 | 17 |
| 05-02-2007 05:00:00 | 17.2 |
| 05-02-2007 05:30:00 | 17 |
| 05-02-2007 06:00:00 | 16.7 |
| 05-02-2007 06:30:00 | 16.7 |
| 05-02-2007 07:00:00 | 16.8 |
| 05-02-2007 07:30:00 | 17.38 |
| 05-02-2007 08:00:00 | 22.13 |
| 05-02-2007 08:30:00 | 23.95 |
| 05-02-2007 09:00:00 | 24.35 |
| 05-02-2007 09:30:00 | 26.43 |
| 05-02-2007 10:00:00 | 32.46 |
| 05-02-2007 10:30:00 | 35.16 |
| 05-02-2007 11:00:00 | 38.52 |
| 05-02-2007 11:30:00 | 40.94 |
| 05-02-2007 12:00:00 | 38.78 |
| 05-02-2007 12:30:00 | 32.12 |
| 05-02-2007 13:00:00 | 37.02 |
| 05-02-2007 13:30:00 | 35.17 |
| 05-02-2007 14:00:00 | 33.79 |
| 05-02-2007 14:30:00 | 33.28 |
| 05-02-2007 15:00:00 | 32.32 |
| 05-02-2007 15:30:00 | 31.47 |
| 05-02-2007 16:00:00 | 28.87 |
| 05-02-2007 16:30:00 | 25.96 |
| 05-02-2007 17:00:00 | 23.17 |
| 05-02-2007 17:30:00 | 21.18 |
| 05-02-2007 18:00:00 | 19.78 |
| 05-02-2007 18:30:00 | 18.58 |
| 05-02-2007 19:00:00 | 17.69 |
| 05-02-2007 19:30:00 | 16.98 |
| 05-02-2007 20:00:00 | 16.29 |
| 05-02-2007 20:30:00 | 15.69 |
| 05-02-2007 21:00:00 | 15.29 |
| 05-02-2007 21:30:00 | 15.4 |
| 05-02-2007 22:00:00 | 15.91 |
| 05-02-2007 22:30:00 | 16.4 |
| 05-02-2007 23:00:00 | 16.6 |
| 05-02-2007 23:30:00 | 16.5 |
| 06-02-2007 00:00:00 | 16.6 |
| 06-02-2007 00:30:00 | 16.9 |
| 06-02-2007 01:00:00 | 17.39 |
| 06-02-2007 01:30:00 | 17.59 |
| 06-02-2007 02:00:00 | 17.8 |
| 06-02-2007 02:30:00 | 18.19 |
| 06-02-2007 03:00:00 | 18.4 |
| 06-02-2007 03:30:00 | 18.5 |
| 06-02-2007 04:00:00 | 18.6 |
| 06-02-2007 04:30:00 | 18.5 |
| 06-02-2007 05:00:00 | 18.31 |
| 06-02-2007 05:30:00 | 18.2 |
| 06-02-2007 06:00:00 | 18.11 |
| 06-02-2007 06:30:00 | 18 |
| 06-02-2007 07:00:00 | 18 |
| 06-02-2007 07:30:00 | 18.39 |
| 06-02-2007 08:00:00 | 19.57 |
| 06-02-2007 08:30:00 | 21.47 |
| 06-02-2007 09:00:00 | 23.54 |
| 06-02-2007 09:30:00 | 24.69 |
| 06-02-2007 10:00:00 | 28.79 |
| 06-02-2007 10:30:00 | 32.48 |
| 06-02-2007 11:00:00 | 37.31 |
| 06-02-2007 11:30:00 | 36.42 |
| 06-02-2007 12:00:00 | 36.79 |
| 06-02-2007 12:30:00 | 37.09 |
| 06-02-2007 13:00:00 | 35.31 |
| 06-02-2007 13:30:00 | 36.4 |
| 06-02-2007 14:00:00 | 34.8 |
| 06-02-2007 14:30:00 | 33.91 |
| 06-02-2007 15:00:00 | 31.91 |
| 06-02-2007 15:30:00 | 30.11 |
| 06-02-2007 16:00:00 | 27.23 |
| 06-02-2007 16:30:00 | 25.72 |
| 06-02-2007 17:00:00 | 22.91 |
| 06-02-2007 17:30:00 | 21.01 |
| 06-02-2007 18:00:00 | 19.61 |
| 06-02-2007 18:30:00 | 18.51 |
| 06-02-2007 19:00:00 | 17.7 |
| 06-02-2007 19:30:00 | 17 |
| 06-02-2007 20:00:00 | 16.4 |
| 06-02-2007 20:30:00 | 15.9 |
| 06-02-2007 21:00:00 | 16 |
| 06-02-2007 21:30:00 | 16.4 |
| 06-02-2007 22:00:00 | 17 |
| 06-02-2007 22:30:00 | 17.79 |
| 06-02-2007 23:00:00 | 18.5 |
| 06-02-2007 23:30:00 | 19 |
| 07-02-2007 00:00:00 | 19.3 |
| 07-02-2007 00:30:00 | 19.3 |
| 07-02-2007 01:00:00 | 19.5 |
| 07-02-2007 01:30:00 | 19.8 |
| 07-02-2007 02:00:00 | 19.9 |
| 07-02-2007 02:30:00 | 20.1 |
| 07-02-2007 03:00:00 | 20.3 |
| 07-02-2007 03:30:00 | 20.3 |
| 07-02-2007 04:00:00 | 20.1 |
| 07-02-2007 04:30:00 | 20.2 |
| 07-02-2007 05:00:00 | 20.3 |
| 07-02-2007 05:30:00 | 20.2 |
| 07-02-2007 06:00:00 | 20.1 |
| 07-02-2007 06:30:00 | 20.1 |
| 07-02-2007 07:00:00 | 20.2 |
| 07-02-2007 07:30:00 | 20.59 |
| 07-02-2007 08:00:00 | 22.19 |
| 07-02-2007 08:30:00 | 22.7 |
| 07-02-2007 09:00:00 | 24.69 |
| 07-02-2007 09:30:00 | 28.79 |
| 07-02-2007 10:00:00 | 32.48 |
| 07-02-2007 10:30:00 | 35.29 |
| 07-02-2007 11:00:00 | 35.51 |
| 07-02-2007 11:30:00 | 35.41 |
| 07-02-2007 12:00:00 | 36.4 |
| 07-02-2007 12:30:00 | 36.89 |
| 07-02-2007 13:00:00 | 34.31 |
| 07-02-2007 13:30:00 | 33.91 |
| 07-02-2007 14:00:00 | 31.81 |
| 07-02-2007 14:30:00 | 31.2 |
| 07-02-2007 15:00:00 | 30.2 |
| 07-02-2007 15:30:00 | 29.1 |
| 07-02-2007 16:00:00 | 26.68 |
| 07-02-2007 16:30:00 | 23.88 |
| 07-02-2007 17:00:00 | 21.53 |
| 07-02-2007 17:30:00 | 19.95 |
| 07-02-2007 18:00:00 | 19.02 |
| 07-02-2007 18:30:00 | 18.13 |
| 07-02-2007 19:00:00 | 17.98 |
| 07-02-2007 19:30:00 | 17.9 |
| 07-02-2007 20:00:00 | 17.8 |
| 07-02-2007 20:30:00 | 17.6 |
| 07-02-2007 21:00:00 | 17.4 |
| 07-02-2007 21:30:00 | 17.3 |
| 07-02-2007 22:00:00 | 17.12 |
| 07-02-2007 22:30:00 | 17.1 |
| 07-02-2007 23:00:00 | 17.78 |
| 07-02-2007 23:30:00 | 18.57 |
2. calculating effective accumulated temperature
Respectively with February 1, February 2, February 3, February 4, February 5, February 6 and February 00:00 to 23:30 on the 7th temperature data average, and deduct 10 ℃ of critical temperatures, will be cumulative, obtain the effective accumulated temperature in the greenhouse cucumber 7 days.
The effective accumulated temperature of table 3. greenhouse cucumber
| Date | Mean daily temperature | Critical temperature | Mean daily temperature-critical temperature | Effective accumulated temperature |
| 01-02-2007 | 21.00625 | 10 | 11.00625 | 11.00625 |
| 02-02-2007 | 18.160833 | 10 | 8.160833333 | 19.16708 |
| 03-02-2007 | 21.18125 | 10 | 11.18125 | 30.34833 |
| 04-02-2007 | 21.064583 | 10 | 11.06458333 | 41.41292 |
| 05-02-2007 | 22.535 | 10 | 12.535 | 53.94792 |
| 06-02-2007 | 22.807292 | 10 | 12.80729167 | 66.75521 |
| 07-02-2007 | 23.477292 | 10 | 13.47729167 | 80.2325 |
3. the calculating of following one day effective accumulated temperature
Utilize weather forecast to come one day effective accumulated temperature of predict future among the present invention.The weather forecast maximum temperature on February 8 on February 7 is 20 ℃, and minimum temperature is 6 ℃, and then the mean daily temperature on February 8 is 20 * 0.8+6 * 0.2=17.2, deducts critical temperature 10, is 7.2, and then the effective accumulated temperature on February 8 is 80.2325+7.2=87.4325.
Second step, individual plant fertilizer requirement every day of calculating greenhouse cucumber.
The effective accumulated temperature that utilizes previous step to calculate calculates the greenhouse cucumber fertilizer requirement of every day according to following formula.Different element a, b, c, d parameter difference, design parameter sees Table 1.
Computation process:
The calculating of demand such as each newtonium on the 8th in February:
Obtaining of a, b, c, d parameter wherein, carry out according to following step:
1. the test of design different fertilization, the present invention utilizes different EC(2.0,2.2,2.5ds/cm) nutrient solution pouring greenhouse cucumber, wherein EC is conductivity (electrical conductivity), utilizes conductivity to represent different nutrient solution concentrations, determines the fertilizer requirement of greenhouse cucumber.
2. seedling stage was every 3 days, carried out the destructiveness sampling other periods every 7 days, and cucumber plant is divided into root, stem, leaf, fruit 4 parts, and 85 ℃ completed 15 minutes, and 75 ℃ dry to the constant weight with precision is each organ dry weight of electronic balance weighing of 0.01g.
3. measure the nutrient content of each organ.Nitrogen content adopts Kjeldahl nitrogen determination, and phosphorus, potassium, calcium, sulphur, magnesium using plasma spectrometer (ICP) are measured.
4. determine the Nutrient Absorption amount of different times.(take nitrogen as example, root dry weight * root nitrogen content+leaf dry weight * leaf nitrogen content+dried fruit weighs * fruit nitrogen content+stem weight * stem nitrogen content).
5. with effective accumulated temperature, Nutrient Absorption amount substitution formula (2), obtain a, b, c, d parameter value.Wherein the EC value is the minimum value that 2.0 test figure obtains a, b, c, d, and the EC value is the maximal value that 2.5 test figures obtain a, b, c, d.
The value of a of other elements, b, c, d is carried out with reference to above-mentioned steps, is not described in detail at this.
The value of different element parameters sees Table 1 for cucumber.When parameter value when being higher limit, plant recovery of nutrient reduces; When parameter value during less than lower limit, greenhouse cucumber is will fertilizer not enough.
The value of the different element parameters of table 1. cucumber
| Element | a | b | c | d |
| Nitrogen | 191±10 | 5947±10 | 825±10 | 127±10 |
| Phosphorus | 42±5 | 1553.26±5 | 849±5 | 109±5 |
| Potassium | 220±10 | 4591±10 | 7453±10 | 71±10 |
| Calcium | 198±5 | 4409±5 | 724±5 | 134±5 |
| Magnesium | 46±5 | 1754±5 | 851±5 | 137±5 |
Nitrogen element: a, b, c, d value are respectively 192,5948,825 and 128;
With a, b, c, d distribution substitution formula (2) and (3) then:
The Q(2 month 8)=210.6425
The Q(2 month 7)=209.6255
N (February 8)=Q(2 month 8 then)-the Q(2 month 7)=210.6425-209.6255=1.016625mg is according to can the distribute demand of the elements such as the phosphorus on February 8 asked, potassium, calcium, sulphur, magnesium of same principle.
The 3rd step calculated greenhouse cucumber to the every daily demand amout of individual plant of the elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium according to step 2, multiply by the total strain number of greenhouse cucumber of whole cultivation area according to formula (5), and greenhouse cucumber is carried out fertilizer.
Total cucumber 100 strains in whole cultivation area, then the computation process of greenhouse, whole cultivation area cucumber fertilizer requirement on the 8th in February is:
The nitrogen element:
The F(2 month 8)=the N(2 month 8) * total strain number=1.016625 * 100=101.6625mg
Use above-mentioned same method can calculate phosphorus, potassium, calcium, the sulphur of whole growing area, the demand of magnesium.
Although above-described embodiment has only been enumerated the definite process that method of the present invention is measured the greenhouse cucumber fertilizer requirement of using, but above-mentioned description to embodiment is can understand and apply the invention for ease of those skilled in the art, use definite process that the method can be applied to the fertilizer requirement of other chamber crop equally, such as tomato, rape, romaine lettuce etc.Those skilled in the art obviously can easily make various modifications to these embodiment, and needn't pass through performing creative labour being applied in the General Principle of this explanation among other embodiment.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to the embodiment here, those skilled in the art should be within protection scope of the present invention for the modification that the present invention makes according to announcement of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the method for a definite chamber crop cucumber day fertilizer requirement is characterized in that carrying out according to following step:
(1) calculating of effective accumulated temperature: the Temperature Datum that utilizes Greenhouse System to gather, calculate mean daily temperature, for following one day mean daily temperature, utilize day the highest, the minimum temperature of weather forecast to obtain; Mean daily temperature is deducted critical temperature; Then add up, obtain the effective accumulated temperature of chamber crop; And to following one day mean daily temperature, then calculate according to day the highest, the minimum temperature of weather forecast;
Its specific formula for calculation is as follows:
Every day effective accumulated temperature D(i+1)=Tmean(i+1)-T
bFormula (1);
In the formula, D(i+1) be i+1 days the day effective accumulated temperature;
Tmean(i+1) be i+1 days mean daily temperatures;
If be i days today, the maximum temperature that i+1 days mean daily temperature obtains by weather forecast and minimum temperature are asked,
Tmean（i+1）=0.8×Tmax+0.2×Tmin；
Tmax, Tmin are respectively day the highest, the minimum temperature that weather forecast obtains;
Tb is critical temperature;
Effective accumulated temperature GDD(i+1)=GDD(i)+D (i+1);
GDD(i+1), GDD(i) be respectively i+1, i days effective accumulated temperature;
(2) determining of individual plant fertilizer requirement every day:
Every day, the individual plant fertilizer requirement was calculated by following formula:
N (i+1)=Q (i+1)-Q (i) formula (4);
Wherein Q (i+1), Q (i) are respectively i+1, i days crop to the uptake (mg/plant) of certain element in the formula, and N (i+1) is i+1 days individual plant fertilizer requirement every day (mg/plant); Wherein a, b, c, d are parameter, obtain by the fertilizer test;
When parameter value during greater than higher limit, plant recovery of nutrient reduces; When parameter value during less than lower limit, chamber crop is will fertilizer not enough;
(3) with every day the individual plant fertilizer requirement be converted to the total fertilizer requirement of growing area:
F(i+1)=N (i+1) * n; Formula (5);
F(i+1) be the total fertilizer requirement of growing area, n is the total strain number of growing area;
Wherein for step (2) wherein a, b, c, d be parameter, obtaining according to fertilizer test, the value of different element parameters sees Table 1 for cucumber,
The value of the different element parameters of table 1. cucumber
。
2. the method for described a kind of definite chamber crop cucumber day fertilizer requirement according to claim 1 is characterized in that when being used for determining that cucumber day during fertilizer requirement, is 10 ℃ for the Tb critical temperature value in the step (1) wherein.
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