CN1203753C - Method for recommending crop fertilizing amount - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for recommending crop fertilizer application amount, which comprises the following procedures: a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient income and expense equilibrium value of the unit area of a crop planned to be planted is calculated on a land plot according to known planting information of the land plot, and the known planting information comprises correlation parameters of the crop and a fertilizer of the land plot; the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient application amount of the crop planned to be planted is recommended according to the equilibrium value. The method of the present invention overcomes the adverse factors of long period, high cost, etc. of the traditional soil testing and fertilizer application, and the method recommends the fertilizer application by the nutrient income and expense equilibrium of the conventional fertilizer application under the condition that the nutrient content of soil or the nutrient content of a plant does not need to be measured. The present invention has the characteristics of easy operation, easy popularization, low cost, etc. The present invention is a scientific, precise and diversified equilibrium fertilizer application method.

Description

A kind of method that the crop fertilization amount is recommended

Technical field:

The invention belongs to the crop fertilization technical field, relate in particular to crop is carried out the method that fertilizing amount is recommended.

Background technology:

At present, the main method that the crop fertilization amount is recommended has:

1. experience fertilization method: be exactly that the peasant determines fertilising quantity according to the experience of oneself, this method weak point is not consider factors such as the basic condition of soil and crop fertilizer requirement, causes the consequence that fertilising is excessive or fertilising is not enough easily.

2. soil fertility index method:,, determine corresponding grading range value with biological relative indicatrix verification available nutrient of soil fertility index according to the available nutrient of soil of measuring.Simultaneously, the fertilizing amount test is set on the piece of the field of Different Nutrients fertility index, calculates fertilizing amount and fertilizer formula according to fertilizer response function.At present, be difficult to use this method in China's agricultural production practice, main cause is: the price that (1) soil sample is measured is higher.Each each sample is measured 150～200 yuan of expenses, and this expense accounts for 1/10 of per capita income of rural residents, and the peasant is difficult to bear.(2) the native services sites of survey is few.The whole nation only has the clay fertilizer station, county (city) of minority to carry out this business, and most counties (city) can not carry out this business owing to reasons such as funds, personnel, place, instrument and equipments in the clay fertilizer station.(3) soil sample is measured consuming time longer.Generally speaking, carry out the determination and analysis of conventional nutrition nutrient project, need 7-10 days, can not in time provide service for peasant household's decision.

3. target output method of completing the square: this method basic principle is to calculate fertilizing amount according to the difference of crop target output needs nutrient quantity and soil supply.Be formulated as:

This season availability of nutrient in the reasonable volume of certain nutrient element=(season crop nutrient gross absorption-soil nutrient part supply)/fertilizer

In the formula: one season crop nutrient gross absorption=biological yield * certain nutrient average content in plant;

The soil nutrient supply is calculated by the soil nutrient content of measuring;

This season availability of nutrient is calculated according to field test results and is got in the fertilizer.

This method need be measured soil nutrient equally, and the price that exists soil sample to measure equally is higher, the native services sites of survey is few, soil sample is measured deficiencies such as length consuming time.

4. field trial method of completing the square: by single-factor or multiple-factor design multiple spot field trial, select optimization formula, determine the amount of application of fertilizer.Long, professional technique content height of the method test period generally only is used for scientific research, is difficult for applying.In addition, the prescription that is obtained can only be applicable to a certain specific crop, and is then inapplicable to other crop.

5. nutrient diagnosis method: crop is the nutrient content difference in the body in different bearing stage, need to judge whether fertilising by rich the lacking of diagnosing certain nutrient content.Nutrient diagnosis method need be measured the nutrient content at a certain position of plant, also has unfavorable factors such as the test sample website is few, cost height, on the other hand, often wait until plant show lack nutrient after, just take to remedy measures of fertilizer.

In addition, Chinese granted patent CN1010544B discloses a kind of fertilizing method, needs to set up fertilizer response equation in the method, thereby makes this method too complicated, and common peasant household is difficult to this method is used for production practices.

Summary of the invention:

The present invention overcome narrate in the background technology need be according to the deficiency of the soil nutrient content of measuring, nutrient content in plant and experience fertilising, what a kind of convenient, fast, science was provided carries out the method that fertilizing amount is recommended to crop.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

A kind of method that the crop fertilization amount is recommended, on a plot, known planting information according to this plot, the crop, the fertilizer relevant parameter that comprise this plot, npk nutrient equilibrium valve on the unit are of the plan of drawing kind of plant, according to the size of this equilibrium valve, npk nutrient amount of application on the unit are of plan kind of plant is recommended;

Described parameter comprises: crop title, hundred kilograms of economic flow rate nutrient N, P of plan plantation ₂O ₅, K ₂Fertilizer custom consumption on O demand, the unit are, fertilizer nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O content, unit are nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O equilibrium valve scope and corresponding nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O recommends consumption;

Described nutrient recommends the result of amount of application to obtain, and may further comprise the steps successively:

1, determine plan kind of plant target output on the unit are on the described plot:

The method of determining target output has multiple, can be given the target output of the plantation crop of working out a scheme by the user by rule of thumb, also can determine a reasonable target output according to the history plantation situation in plot, the factors such as overall state of region, place.

2, calculate the crop nutrition content demand of based target output:

Crop nutrition content N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O demand=target output * hundred kilogram economic flow rate nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O demand * 0.01.

By this formula, can be with nutrient N, P under the target output ₂O ₅, K ₂The demand of O is calculated.

3, fertilizer nutrient custom input amount:

Fertilizer nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O custom input amount=fertilizer custom consumption * fertilizer nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O content, its value is N, P when using multiple fertilizer ₂O ₅Or K ₂Value after O adds up respectively.

4, calculate nutrient balance:

Nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O equilibrium valve=fertilizer nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O is accustomed to input amount-crop nutrition content N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂The O demand.

5, determine the farmland nutrient recommended amounts:

According to the nutrient balance value, determine farmland nutrient recommendation consumption:

Nutrient N equilibrium valve drops on pairing nutrient N recommendation consumption in the N equilibrium valve scope delegation, is unit are nutrient N and recommends consumption;

Nutrient P ₂O ₅Equilibrium valve drops on P ₂O ₅Pairing nutrient P in the equilibrium valve scope delegation ₂O ₅Recommend consumption, be unit are nutrient P ₂O ₅Recommend consumption;

Nutrient K ₂The O equilibrium valve drops on K ₂Pairing nutrient K in the O equilibrium valve scope delegation ₂O recommends consumption, is unit are nutrient K ₂O recommends consumption.

That is:

Unit are nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O recommends consumption=meet nutrient N, the P of equilibrium valve scope ₂O ₅, K ₂O recommends consumption.

Nutrient is recommended to use scale, has set up the nutrient balance value scope and the corresponding nutrient of Different Crop and has recommended one-to-one relationship between the consumption, determines that according to the scope at equilibrium valve place the nutrient of correspondence is recommended consumption.It is by a plurality of plot of an agricultural region Different Crop being investigated the back and being analyzed, calculate and determine that nutrient is recommended with the equilibrium valve scope in the scale; Simultaneously its yield level and Fertilization Level are analyzed comparison, get the nutrient reasonable volume in the different equilibrium valve scopes under the yield higher level.The format sample of a typical nutrient consumption recommendation tables is as follows:

The crop title	Nutrient N equilibrium valve scope	Nutrient N recommends consumption	Nutrient P 2O 5The equilibrium valve scope	Nutrient P 2O 5Recommend consumption	Nutrient K 2O equilibrium valve scope	Nutrient K 2O recommends consumption
							Chinese cabbage	＜-8	18	＜-10	9	＜-15	12
Chinese cabbage	-8～0	21	-10～-4	10.5	-15～0	14

Chinese cabbage	0～20	24	-4～8	12	0～14	16
							Chinese cabbage	20～50	27	8～30	13.5	14～36	18
Chinese cabbage	＞50	30	＞30	15	＞36	20
							Tomato	＜-15	14.5	＜-8	7	＜-12	10
......	......	......	......	......	......	......

Certainly, the just nutrient balance value that will use in this method and the corresponding relation between the recommendation consumption, this corresponding relation also has other the form of expression in form, is not limited to aforesaid form.

Quality index units such as the output that relates in this specification, consumption are kilogram, and square measure is mu, and mass unit is a kilogram, and quality, area mixing unit are: kilogram/mu.

Prioritization scheme one:

In the said method, described parameter comprises that also plan kind of plant is accustomed to economic flow rate in the unit are in this plot, plan is planted plant at the unit are minimum economic output of this region, place, plot, average economic flow rate, maximum economic yield.

Custom economic flow rate: refer to a common economic flow rate of a kind of crop in plot.

Minimum economic output, average economic flow rate, maximum economic yield: the mean value that refers to the corresponding output of certain crop in the interior region of nearly 2-3.

Described definite target output is to carry out in accordance with the following methods according to these parameters:

A. when " custom economic flow rate＜(minimum economic output+average economic flow rate) ÷ 2 ":

Target output=(minimum economic output+average economic flow rate) ÷ 2

B. when " (minimum economic output+average economic flow rate) ÷ 2≤custom economic flow rate＜(on average economic flow rate+maximum economic yield) ÷ 2 ":

Target output=(average economic flow rate+maximum economic yield) ÷ 2

C. when " custom economic flow rate 〉=(average economic flow rate+maximum economic yield) ÷ 2 ":

Target output=maximum economic yield * 1.15

D. when " custom economic flow rate 〉=maximum economic yield * 1.15 ":

Target output=custom economic flow rate

Meaning: target output is divided into four grades, can reflect substantially under force level differently can output economic flow rate, satisfy the requirement that fertilising is recommended.

Prioritization scheme two:

In the said method, to the also influential effect of plant growth, and can reflect when stubble fertilising is excessive before considering, therefore by equilibrium valve, in order to make recommendation results more reasonable, can also add batch nutrient surplus of going forward in the described equilibrium valve computing formula can be for nutrient N, the P of this season crop absorption ₂O ₅, K ₂The O amount.At this moment, described parameter also comprises: the fertilizer that preceding crop name, preceding crop unit are economic flow rate, preceding stubble are used, preceding crop unit are fertilizer amount, preceding stubble nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂The O surplus can supply this season crop utilization coefficient; Calculation procedure is as follows:

Preceding stubble nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂Nutrient N, P in the O output=preceding crop unit are economic flow rate * hundred kilograms economic flow rate ₂O ₅, K ₂O content * 0.01

Preceding stubble nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O input=preceding crop unit are fertilizer amount * fertilizer nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O content.Gather for its nutrient during multiple fertilizer.

Preceding stubble nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂The effective surplus of O=[preceding stubble nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O drops into-preceding stubble nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂The O output] * preceding nutrient N, the P of recommending ₂O ₅, K ₂The O surplus can supply this season crop utilization coefficient.This value got 0 less than 0 o'clock.

Described nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O equilibrium valve=fertilizer nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O custom input amount+preceding stubble nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂The effective surplus of O-crop nutrition content N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂The O demand

Prioritization scheme three:

In the said method, consider in the irrigation water nutrient to the also influential effect of plant growth, and can reflect by equilibrium valve, therefore more reasonable in order to make recommendation results, can also add irrigation water nutrient N, P in the described equilibrium valve computing formula ₂O ₅, K ₂The O amount.At this moment, described parameter also comprises: the unit are duty; Nutrient N, P in pouring water ₂O ₅, K ₂O content is not owing to generally have in the irrigation water or contain K hardly ₂So O is nutrient K in pouring water ₂O contains measures 0; Formula is:

Irrigation water nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O amount=unit are duty * nutrient N, P in pouring water ₂O ₅, K ₂O content.

Described nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O equilibrium valve=fertilizer nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O is accustomed to input amount+irrigation water nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O amount-crop nutrition content N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂The O demand

Prioritization scheme four:

In the said method, consider that vegetable crop is different in different Nutrient Absorption availability meetings planting season, can have influence on unit are nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O recommends consumption, more becomes rationally for making recommendation results, and described parameter also comprises: planting season (only to the greengrocery crop); Plant recovery of nutrient correction coefficient planting season (only to the greengrocery crop);

Described unit are nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O pushes away a batch consumption=meet nutrient N, the P of equilibrium valve scope ₂O ₅, K ₂O recommends consumption * planting season plant recovery of nutrient correction coefficient.

Prioritization scheme five:

In the said method, consider the plant recovery of nutrient difference of different soils quality, can have influence on unit are nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O recommends consumption, and more reasonable in order to make recommendation results, described parameter also comprises the soil texture; Soil texture plant recovery of nutrient correction coefficient;

Described unit are nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O recommends consumption=meet nutrient N, the P of equilibrium valve scope ₂O ₅, K ₂O recommends consumption * soil texture plant recovery of nutrient correction coefficient.

Prioritization scheme six:

In the said method, consider that the different soils fertility is to unit are nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O recommends the influence of consumption, and more reasonable in order to make recommendation results, described parameter also comprises: soil fertility; Soil fertility plant recovery of nutrient correction coefficient;

Described unit are nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O recommends consumption=meet nutrient N, the P of equilibrium valve scope ₂O ₅, K ₂O recommends consumption * soil fertility plant recovery of nutrient correction coefficient.

The various parameters that will use in the inventive method, correction coefficient all are known, these numerical value are to test research by the agricultural examination (reality) of various places to obtain, and nutrient is recommended can obtain by the investigation and analysis to the plot with the equilibrium valve in the scale and its corresponding nutrient recommended amounts.Even above-mentioned parameter is in certain special region, certain unknown parameters wherein also can draw by simple assay or the field trial under the existence conditions, and therefore, method of the present invention can be implemented fully.

Theoretical foundation of the present invention is as follows:

1. minimum nutrient rate.The founder of agrochemistry, the famous chemurgy scholar Li Bixi (J.V.Liebig) of Germany just proposed before 150 years: " crop yield is subjected to the restriction of minimum nutrient in the soil ".Improve at first minimum nutrient in the GPRS soil of crop yield,, carry out the rational application of fertilizer so that hold the principal contradiction in the fertilising.

2. nutrient theory of returns:, be not inexhaustible though soil is a huge nutrient pool.For keeping soil that enough nutrient supply capacity and intensity are arranged, keep the balance between soil nutrient output and input, must be realized by this measure of applying fertilizer.The fact shows that one to being considered to the not northern agricultural land soil of potassium deficiency, seeing one after another in recent years have the report of using the potassium volume increase, the report that a certain nutritive element of shortage is all arranged almost in all parts of the country.The basic reason of these phenomenons is not note giving back the nutrient of being taken away by crop to soil.

3. the comprehensive function of production factor.Y=f (N, W, T, G, L), y-crop yield in the formula, the symbol of f-function, N-nutrient, W-moisture, T-temperature, G-gas concentration lwevel, L-illumination.Fertilising is not an isolated behavior, but a link in the agricultural production.Here, our available functions formula is expressed the relation of crop yield and envirment factor: this formula speech meaning is that crop yield is the function of nutrient, moisture, temperature, gas concentration lwevel and illumination.Make fertilizer bring into play its yield potential, must consider its multi-stress.

The present invention considers the effect of minimum nutrient rate according to the equilibrium valve recommendation of applying fertilizer, and makes the supply of the macroelement nitrogen phosphorus potassium in the soil can both satisfy the needs of plant growth; Consider the nutrient theory of returns, the nutrient that crop takes away from soil will add in the soil by fertilising and go; Consider the comprehensive function of production factor; Consider the principal element that influences plant growth in the present invention.

Advantage of the present invention and good effect:

The present invention has overcome unfavorable factors such as traditional cycle length of surveying soil (surveying plant) fertilising, expense height, need not measure under soil or the nutrient content in plant situation, by the recommendation of applying fertilizer of the nutrient input and output balance of habits fertilization, having characteristics such as popularization easy to operate, easy, expense be low, is a kind of precision multiple equilibrium fertilizing method of science.The present invention simultaneously has rib to break away from the defective that experience is applied fertilizer, applied science fertilizing method in the peasant.Application of the present invention is to reducing the fertilizer waste, improve plant recovery of nutrient, improve agroecological environment, improving aspects such as crop yield and quality and all can play positive role.

Embodiment:

Be example with one concrete plot, Yunnan Province city village below, intending kind of a plant is Chinese cabbage.According to the inventive method recommendation of applying fertilizer.Square measure is a mu, and unit of weight is a kilogram.

The ground block message:

Make name	Chinese cabbage
					Planting season	Winter-spring season
The unit are economic flow rate	6500
					The unit are duty	160000
Soil fertility	In
					The soil texture	Chiltern
The fertilizer name	Pig manure	General calcium	Urea	Potassium nitrate
					Unit are chemical fertilizer custom consumption		80	80	60
The unit are organic manure application rate	4000

A last season is made name	Celery
					Last one season crop unit are economic flow rate	6000
The fertilizer name that a last season uses	General calcium	Diammonium phosphate	Potassium chloride
					Last one season crop unit are fertilizer amount	40	100	100

The crop parameter:

The crop title	Chinese cabbage					Celery
							The average economic flow rate of unit are	4000					6000
Unit are minimum economic output	1089					3980
							The unit are maximum economic yield	5680					8560
Hundred kilograms of required nutrient N amounts of economic flow rate	0.182					0.554
							Hundred kilograms of required nutrient P of economic flow rate 2O 5Amount	0.081					0.403
Hundred kilograms of required nutrient K2O amounts of economic flow rate	0.372					0.216

The fertilizer parameter:

The fertilizer name	Pig manure	General calcium	Urea	Potassium nitrate	Diammonium phosphate	Potassium chloride
							Fertilizer nutrient N content	0.0055		0.46	0.13	0.18
Fertilizer nutrient P 2O 5Content	0.0054	0.15			0.46
							Fertilizer nutrient K 2O content	0.0035			0.46		0.55
Fertilizer this season availability	0.33
							A last season nutrient N surplus can supply this season crop utilization coefficient	0.2
A last season nutrient P 2O 5Surplus can supply this season crop absorption coefficient	0.35
							A last season nutrient K 2The O surplus can supply this season crop utilization coefficient	0.5

Irrigation water nutrient content parameter:

The per kilogram middle nutrient N content of pouring water	The per kilogram middle nutrient P2O5 content of pouring water	The per kilogram middle nutrient K2O content of pouring water
			0.0000019	0.00000057	0

Nutrient is recommended consumption:

The crop title	N equilibrium valve scope	Nutrient N recommends consumption	P 2O 5The equilibrium valve scope	P 2O 5Recommend consumption	K 2O equilibrium valve scope	Nutrient K 2O recommends consumption
							Chinese cabbage	＜-8	18	＜-10	9	＜-15	12
Chinese cabbage	-8～0	21	-10～-4	10.5	-15～0	14
							Chinese cabbage	0～20	24	-4～8	12	0～14	16
Chinese cabbage	20～50	27	8～30	13.5	14～36	18
							Chinese cabbage	＞50	30	＞30	15	＞36	20
Tomato	＜-15	14.5	＜-8	7	＜-12	10
							......	......	......	......	......	......	......

Correction coefficient:

The soil texture	Loamy texture	Chiltern	Cement
				Soil texture plant recovery of nutrient correction coefficient	1	0.9	1.1

Soil fertility	High	In	Low
				Soil fertility plant recovery of nutrient correction coefficient	0.85	1	1.15
Planting season	The Winter-Spring	Xia Qiu
				Planting season the plant recovery of nutrient correction coefficient	1.15	1

Unit of account area nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O recommends the process of consumption as follows, and used relevant parameter and coefficient are all from aforementioned each table.

1. determine target output: the unit are economic flow rate is 6500 in the ground block message, satisfy " unit are economic flow rate 〉=(the average economic flow rate of unit are+unit are maximum economic yield) ÷ 2 ", i.e. 6500 〉=(4000+5680) ÷ 2=4840, so, target output=5680 * 1.15=6532;

2. calculate the crop nutrition content demand of based target output:

Crop nutrition content N demand=6532 * 0.182 * 0.01=11.89

Crop nutrition content P ₂O ₅Demand=6532 * 0.081 * 0.01=5.30

Crop nutrition content K ₂O demand=6532 * 0.372 * 0.01=24.30

3. calculate fertilizer nutrient custom input amount:

General calcium nutrient P ₂O ₅Custom input amount=80 * 0.15=12

Urea nutrient N is accustomed to input amount=80 * 0.46=36.8

Potassium nitrate nutrient N is accustomed to input amount=60 * 0.13=7.8

Potassium nitrate nutrient K ₂O is accustomed to input amount=60 * 0.46=27.6

Pig manure nutrient N is accustomed to input amount=4000 * 0.0055 * 0.33=7.26

Pig manure nutrient P ₂O ₅Custom input amount=4000 * 0.0054 * 0.33=7.13

Pig manure nutrient K ₂O is accustomed to input amount=4000 * 0.0035 * 0.33=4.62

Fertilizer nutrient N custom input amount=urea nutrient N custom input amount+potassium nitrate nutrient N custom input amount+pig manure nutrient N is accustomed to input amount=36.8+7.8+7.26=51.86

Fertilizer nutrient P ₂O ₅Custom input amount=general calcium nutrient P ₂O ₅Custom input amount+pig manure nutrient P ₂O ₅Custom input amount=12+7.13=19.13

Fertilizer nutrient K ₂O is accustomed to input amount=potassium nitrate nutrient K ₂O is accustomed to input amount+pig manure nutrient K ₂O is accustomed to input amount=27.6+4.62=32.22

4. the surplus of stubble nutrient can be for the amount of nutrients of this season crop absorption before calculating

Preceding stubble nutrient N output=6000 * 0.554 * 0.01=33.24

Preceding stubble nutrient P ₂O ₅Output=6000 * 0.403 * 0.01=24.18

Preceding stubble nutrient K ₂O output=6000 * 0.216 * 0.01=12.96

The general calcium of preceding stubble divides P ₂O ₅Drop into=40 * 0.15=6

A preceding stubble diammonium phosphate nutrient N drops into=100 * 0.18=18

Preceding stubble diammonium phosphate nutrient P ₂O ₅Drop into=100 * 0.46=46

Preceding stubble potassium chloride nutrient K ₂O drops into=100 * 0.55=55

Before a stubble nutrient N always drop into=18

Preceding stubble nutrient P ₂O ₅Total input=6+46=52

Preceding stubble nutrient K ₂O always drops into=and 55

Before the stubble nutrient surplus nutrient N amount that can absorb for this season crop=(18-33.24) * 0.2＜0, be so get its value: the nutrient N amount=0 that the surplus of preceding stubble nutrient can absorb for this season crop

The surplus of preceding stubble nutrient can be for the nutrient P of this season crop absorption ₂O ₅Amount=(52-24.18) * 0.35=9.737

The surplus of preceding stubble nutrient can be for the nutrient K of this season crop absorption ₂The O amount=(55-12.96) * 0.5=21.02

5. calculate the irrigation water amount of nutrients:

Irrigation water nutrient N measures=160000 * 0.0000019=0.304

Irrigation water nutrient P ₂O ₅Amount=160000 * 0.00000057=0.0912

Irrigation water nutrient K ₂O measures=160000 * 0=0

6. determine soil texture coefficient: the soil texture is a chiltern, plant recovery of nutrient correction coefficient=0.9 of the pairing soil texture

7. determine the soil fertility coefficient: during soil fertility is, plant recovery of nutrient correction coefficient=1 of pairing soil fertility

8. determine coefficient planting season: be winter-spring season planting season, plant recovery of nutrient correction coefficient=1.15 of pairing planting season

9. calculated equilibrium values

N equilibrium valve=51.86+0+0.304-11.89=40.27

P ₂O ₅Equilibrium valve=19.13+9.737+0.0912-5.30=23.66

K ₂O equilibrium valve=32.22+21.02+0-24.30=28.94

10. unit of account area nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O recommends consumption:

According to nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂The O equilibrium valve, nutrient N, the P of contrast crop parameter ₂O ₅, K ₂O equilibrium valve scope, meet nutrient N, the P of equilibrium valve scope ₂O ₅, K ₂O recommends consumption, draws:

Unit are nutrient N recommends consumption=27 * 0.9 * 1 * 1.15=28.0

Unit are nutrient P ₂O ₅Recommend consumption=13.5 * 0.9 * 1 * 1.15=14.0

Unit are nutrient K ₂O recommends consumption=18 * 0.9 * 1 * 1.15=18.6.

Claims (7)

1. method that the crop fertilization amount is recommended, it is characterized in that: on a plot, known planting information according to this plot, the crop, the fertilizer relevant parameter that comprise this plot, npk nutrient equilibrium valve on the unit are of the plan of drawing kind of plant, according to the size of this equilibrium valve, npk nutrient consumption on the unit are of plan kind of plant is recommended;

Described parameter comprises: crop title, hundred kilograms of economic flow rate nutrient N, P of plan plantation ₂O ₅, K ₂O demand, unit are fertilizer custom consumption, fertilizer nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O content, nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O equilibrium valve scope and corresponding nutrient N, P thereof ₂O ₅, K ₂O recommends consumption;

Described nutrient recommends the result of consumption to obtain, and may further comprise the steps successively:

(1) determines plan kind of plant target output on the unit are on the described plot;

(2) the crop nutrition content demand of calculating based target output:

Crop nutrition content N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O demand=target output * hundred kilogram economic flow rate nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O demand * 0.01;

(3) calculate fertilizer nutrient custom input amount:

Fertilizer nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O custom input amount=fertilizer custom consumption * fertilizer nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O content, its value is the value after adding up when using multiple fertilizer;

(4) calculate the nutrient balance value:

Nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O equilibrium valve=fertilizer nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O is accustomed to input amount-crop nutrition content N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂The O demand;

(5) determine nutrient recommendation consumption:

According to the nutrient balance value, determine farmland nutrient recommendation consumption, that is:

Unit are nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O recommends consumption=meet nutrient N, the P of equilibrium valve scope ₂O ₅, K ₂O recommends consumption.

2. the method that the crop fertilization amount is recommended as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described parameter comprises that also plan kind of plant is accustomed to economic flow rate in the unit are in this plot, plan is planted plant at the unit are minimum economic output of this region, place, plot, average economic flow rate, maximum economic yield; Described definite target output is to carry out in accordance with the following methods according to these parameters:

A. when " custom economic flow rate＜(minimum economic output+average economic flow rate) ÷ 2 ":

Target output=(minimum economic output+average economic flow rate) ÷ 2

B. when " (minimum economic output+average economic flow rate) ÷ 2≤custom economic flow rate＜(on average economic flow rate+maximum economic yield) ÷ 2 ":

Target output=(average economic flow rate+maximum economic yield) ÷ 2

C. when " custom economic flow rate 〉=(average economic flow rate+maximum economic yield) ÷ 2 ":

Target output=maximum economic yield * 1.15

D. when " custom economic flow rate 〉=maximum economic yield * 1.15 ":

Target output=custom economic flow rate.

3. the method that the crop fertilization amount is recommended as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:

Described parameter also comprises fertilizer, preceding crop unit are fertilizer amount, preceding stubble nutrient N, the P that preceding crop name, preceding crop unit are economic flow rate, the preceding stubble in this plot are used ₂O ₅, K ₂The O surplus can supply this season crop utilization coefficient; Stubble nutrient N, P before utilizing described parameter to calculate according to following step ₂O ₅, K ₂The effective surplus of O:

Preceding stubble nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂Nutrient N, P in the O output=preceding crop unit are economic flow rate * hundred kilograms economic flow rate ₂O ₅, K ₂O content * 0.01

Preceding stubble nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O input=preceding crop unit are fertilizer amount * fertilizer nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O content; Gather for its nutrient during multiple fertilizer;

Preceding stubble nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂The effective surplus of O=[preceding stubble nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O drops into-preceding stubble nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂The O output] * preceding stubble nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂The O surplus can supply this season crop utilization coefficient; This value got 0 less than 0 o'clock;

Further, described nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂Add go forward batch nutrient N, a P in the O equilibrium valve computing formula ₂O ₅, K ₂The effective surplus of O.

4. the method that the crop fertilization amount is recommended as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:

Described parameter also comprises this plot unit are duty, middle nutrient N, P pour water ₂O ₅, K ₂O content; Utilize described parameter to calculate irrigation water nutrient N, P according to the following equation ₂O ₅, K ₂The O amount:

Irrigation water nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O amount=unit are duty * nutrient N, P in pouring water ₂O ₅, K ₂O content;

Further, described nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂Add irrigation water nutrient N, P in the O equilibrium valve computing formula ₂O ₅, K ₂The O amount.

5. the method that the crop fertilization amount is recommended as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:

Described parameter also comprises: planting season and corresponding plant recovery of nutrient correction coefficient planting season;

Described unit are nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O recommends consumption=meet nutrient N, the P of equilibrium valve scope ₂O ₅, K ₂O recommends consumption * planting season plant recovery of nutrient correction coefficient.

6. the method that the crop fertilization amount is recommended as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:

Described parameter also comprises the soil texture and the corresponding soil texture plant recovery of nutrient correction coefficient in this plot;

Described unit are nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O recommends consumption=meet nutrient N, the P of equilibrium valve scope ₂O ₅, K ₂O recommends consumption * soil texture plant recovery of nutrient correction coefficient.

7. the method that the crop fertilization amount is recommended as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:

Described parameter also comprises the soil fertility and the corresponding soil fertility plant recovery of nutrient correction coefficient in this plot;

Described unit are nutrient N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O recommends consumption=meet nutrient N, the P of equilibrium valve scope ₂O ₅, K ₂O recommends consumption * soil fertility plant recovery of nutrient correction coefficient.