CN107090213A - 涂覆的基体、制造涂覆的基体的方法、包装和分散体涂层 - Google Patents
涂覆的基体、制造涂覆的基体的方法、包装和分散体涂层 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及涂覆的基体、制造涂覆的基体的方法、包装和分散体涂层。本发明涉及包含分散体涂层的涂覆的基于纤维的基体,其中所述分散体涂层包含微原纤化纤维素和聚合物胶体粒子。本发明还涉及由所述基体形成的包装、分散体涂层和制造所述基体的方法。
Description
本申请是申请号为201080059037.1、申请日为2010年11月2日、发明名称为“涂覆的基体、制造涂覆的基体的方法、包装和分散体涂层”的专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及涂覆的基体和制造涂覆的基于纤维的基体的方法,其中所述涂层包含微原纤化纤维素。
背景技术
用作包装如液体包装或食物包装的基于纤维的产品必须能够经受包装项目的影响,例如液体和/或食物对基于纤维的产品的影响。一种方式是为基于纤维的产品提供阻挡层,例如耐水或油脂的阻挡层,其使基于纤维的产品更加耐受液体和/或油脂。
阻挡层通常通过以下方法形成:用给予基体阻挡性质的组合物涂覆基于纤维的基体。取决于需要的阻挡层性质,可施用不同的涂层。当在基于纤维的产品上形成阻挡层时,最常用的材料为聚乙烯(PE)、聚丙烯(PP)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、乙烯-乙烯醇聚合物(EVOH)或乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯(EVA)聚合物。可将聚合物例如层合或挤出贴合至基于纤维的产品。目前,多数阻挡涂层用挤出贴合技术制造并因此在单独的涂覆单元中离线制造。这提高造纸造板机的灵活性,由于在造纸造板机和挤出贴合单元上可使用不同的操作进度表。然而,主要缺点是成本高,由于需要额外的卷轴处理和额外的转化步骤。
因此优选的是以在线方法制造包含阻挡层的纸或板,这意味着,阻挡层涂覆在造纸造板机中在线进行。这种工艺步骤应优选通过利用常规涂覆技术的阻挡层分散体涂覆单元进行。US 2002136913描述了基于纤维的产品,其包含通过将聚合物含水分散体涂覆至基于纤维的产品形成的水蒸气阻挡层。
对于包含阻挡层的基于纤维的产品而言,另一个重要性质是它的强度并且首先是它的耐弯曲性足够良好,以形成包装。重要的是,所述包装足够结实以在运输、贮存和转化期间可靠地保护包装的项目。如果耐弯曲性太低,那么基于纤维的产品将变脆并且在转化期间,尤其是在折叠产品以形成包装期间将存在问题。此外,最重要的是,所述阻挡层在处理、运输和转化期间也能够经受涂覆的纤维基体的要求。
如上所述,分散体涂层能够用于在基于纤维的产品上形成阻挡层。然而,已经证实,分散体涂层将降低涂覆的基于纤维的产品的耐弯曲性,因此,在折叠产品以形成包装期间将存在问题。
因此需要改善的包含阻挡层的基于纤维的产品。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供改善的包含分散体涂层的基于纤维的基体。
本发明的另一个目的是提供可再循环的包含分散体涂层的基于纤维的基体。
这些目的和其它优点通过权利要求1的基体实现。本发明涉及包含分散体涂层的涂覆的基于纤维的基体,其中所述分散体涂层包含微原纤化纤维素和聚合物胶体粒子,其中所述分散体涂层在基体表面上形成阻挡层。已经证实,将微原纤化纤维素(MFC)添加至分散体涂层提高强度并首先是降低分散体涂层的脆性,并因此也降低涂覆的基于纤维的基体的脆性。而且,MFC为可再循环的材料,促进涂覆的基体再循环。
优选地,所述阻挡层为液体、蒸气、油脂、洗涤剂、氧气或其它气体的阻挡层。不同的聚合物将给予涂覆的基体不同的阻挡性质,即,聚合物的选择控制阻挡层的性质。
所述分散体涂层优选包含0.5-20重量%微原纤化纤维素。在分散体涂层中MFC的量取决于涂覆的基体的最终用途。
所述微原纤化纤维的长度可具有宽分布范围,优选为100nm-200μm,即,添加的MFC的长度因此可长于通常制造的MFC。已经证实,通过提高制造的MFC的长度,提高阻挡层的耐弯曲性。
所述分散体涂层包含至少一种聚合物,优选为聚偏二氯乙烯(PVdC)、聚乙烯醇(PVOH)、乙烯-乙烯醇聚合物(EVOH)、丙烯酸酯共聚物、改性苯乙烯聚合物、丁二烯聚合物、聚烯烃、丙烯腈聚合物、富马酸二酯或马来酸二酯聚合物、纤维素酯、淀粉醚、不同的丙烯酸酯和甲基丙烯酸酯聚合物、乙酸乙烯酯聚合物或任何这些聚合物的混合物。优选使用使得可以以容易的方式重新使用和再循环涂覆的基于纤维的基体的聚合物。与例如挤出贴合相比,这是使用分散体涂层的一个很大的优势。
本发明还涉及由如上所述的涂覆的基体制造的包装。因此将涂覆的基体折起和折叠(crease and fold)以形成包装。基体的涂覆侧优选位于包装内部。已经发现,当将基体折起和折叠时,本发明的涂覆的基于纤维的基体具有改善的耐受性,例如当使用给予阻挡层油脂耐受性的聚合物时,具有改善的油脂耐受性。因此,形成的包装将具有改善的性质和更加具有耐受性,尤其是对于折痕。
本发明的分散体涂层包含微原纤化纤维素和聚合物胶体粒子,以及所述分散体涂层在涂覆的基体上形成阻挡层。已经证实,将MFC添加至分散体涂层提高分散体的稳定性。
本发明还涉及制造涂覆的基体的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:提供包含纤维素纤维的基体,将分散体涂层施用至所述基体表面,其中所述分散体涂层包含微原纤化纤维素和聚合物胶体粒子,并干燥基体以形成干燥的涂覆的基体。
所述分散体涂层优选通过使用辊涂、喷涂、缝涂(slot coating)、浸涂、凹版辊涂、反向凹版涂布(reverse direct gravure coating)和/或其组合施用。
所述分散体涂层优选在造纸造板机中在线施用。本发明方法的一个很大的优点是,可在造纸造板机中在线添加包含MFC的分散体涂层。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及涂覆的基于纤维的基体,在所述基体的至少一个面上包含分散体涂层。所述分散体涂层包含微原纤化纤维素。已经证实,将微原纤化纤维素添加至分散体涂层改善持水容量和折起性质,即,降低涂层的脆性并因此也降低涂覆的纤维基体的脆性。将MFC添加至分散体涂层也改善分散体的稳定性。
微原纤化纤维素(MFC)(也称为纳米纤维素)为由木质纤维素纤维制造的材料,其中使单个的微原纤维彼此之间部分或完全地分离。MFC通常非常细(~20nm),长度经常为100nm-10μm。然而,微原纤维也可更长,例如为10-100μm,但是也可使用高达200μm的长度。已被原纤化和在表面上具有微原纤维的纤维以及被分离和位于浆料水相中的微原纤维包含在MFC定义中。
MFC能够以许多不同的方式制造。可机械处理纤维素纤维,使得形成微原纤维。用细菌制造纳米纤维素或微原纤化纤维素是另一选择。也可通过借助于破坏或溶解纤维的不同化学品和/或酶由纤维素制造微原纤维。
MFC制造的一个实例在WO2007091942中示出,其描述了借助于精炼与添加酶的组合制造MFC。
经常将单体或共粘合剂(co-binders)添加至分散体涂层以提高分散体的持水容量。微原纤化纤维素具有非常高的持水容量,因此可降低添加至分散体涂层的单体或共粘合剂的量。而且,将MFC添加至分散体涂层使得可控制分散体的粘度,这使得可以以非常容易的方式改善涂覆设备的运行能力。而且,涂层的持水能力和维持可通过控制和调节分散体粘度的改善的可能性来改善。控制和调节粘度的提高的可能性的另一个优点是,在涂覆缝隙中的固定和涂层颜色渗透得以改善,这使得当将分散体涂层施用至基体表面时能够得到较好的覆盖和较少的针孔。
而且,微原纤化纤维素在分散体中形成扩展的网络,这极大地改善干燥的涂层的柔性以及降低涂层在转化过程中的破裂。而且,添加的MFC改变在基板和阻挡层之间的粘合性质,这也影响和促进改善的耐裂性。因此,已经证实,通过将MFC添加至优选包含聚合物的分散体,提高柔性并因此也提高在折起和折叠涂覆的基于纤维的基体期间的强度。
已经证实,添加微原纤化纤维(其相当长,例如,长度为5-200μm或更优选为5-50μm)还提高形成的阻挡层的耐弯曲性。
也可在添加至分散体涂层之前将微原纤化纤维素改性。以此方式,可得到甚至更强的分散体稳定效果。如何改性微原纤化纤维取决于例如存在于分散体涂层中的其它组分。一种可能性是,添加改变纤维电荷的化学品并以此方式提高分散体稳定性。
分散体涂层用作阻挡层,因此可给予基体例如对液体、蒸气、油脂、氧气或其它气体改善的耐受性。用于液体包装板的最常用的阻挡层是耐水阻挡层。用于食物包装的产品经常包含水蒸气、油脂和/或氧气的阻挡层。
可将分散体涂层借助于数种不同的技术添加至基体表面,优选的涂覆技术为刮涂、模压涂覆或幕涂。然而,也可使用其它涂覆技术,例如辊涂、喷涂、缝涂、浸涂、凹版辊涂、反向凹版涂布和/或其组合。也可使用棒涂、施胶压涂、气刀涂覆、计量施胶压涂、柔性涂覆(flexo coating)、网纹施用辊(anilox applicator rolls)或任何所述技术的组合。
用于形成阻挡层(即,阻挡涂层)的分散体涂层涉及以下的涂覆技术:将包含微细聚合物粒子如胶乳的水分散体施用至纤维基体表面,以在干燥后形成固体的无孔膜。以此方式,可通过环境友好的(可再循环的)和可再制浆的涂层得到液体、蒸气、油脂、氧气或其它气体的阻挡层。
分散体涂层可基于各种聚合物分散体。所述分散体包含分散的聚合物胶体粒子和溶剂,该溶剂优选为水。常用的聚合物和/或添加剂的实例为聚偏二氯乙烯(PVdC)、聚乙烯醇(PVOH)、乙烯-乙烯醇聚合物(EVOH)、丙烯酸酯共聚物、改性苯乙烯聚合物、丁二烯聚合物、聚烯烃、丙烯腈聚合物、富马酸二酯和马来酸二酯聚合物、纤维素酯、淀粉醚、不同的丙烯酸酯和甲基丙烯酸酯聚合物、乙酸乙烯酯聚合物、这些物质的共聚物或其它天然生物聚合物,和所述聚合物的混合物。也可添加数种组分以改善阻挡性质和其它性质,例如涂覆的基体的表面张力、湿润性、滑动性、耐磨性、成膜性等。
本申请使用的"聚合物"可用于表示均聚物、共聚物、互聚物、三元共聚物等。
所述分散体也可含有各种量的填料以提高所述方法和制造的基体的例如运行能力和成本效率。而且,可使用蜡如石蜡、巴西棕榈蜡和/或akd(烷基烯酮二聚体)以将涂覆的基体表面憎水化。
分散体涂层的固体含量可为25-70重量%。用于分散体涂层的分散体的粘度优选为500-1000mPas。然而,可将分散体用水或任何其它溶剂稀释以得到希望的粘度。
在将分散体涂层添加至基体表面之前,可用常规涂层涂覆基体。以此方式,由于基体表面更光滑,分散体涂层将更结实地与基体粘合。此外,水和/或分散体涂层向基体表面中的渗透将降低。
也可将超过一层的分散体涂料施用至基体表面。以此方式,由于可降低每层中的涂料量,形成更光滑的涂层。与应在一层中施用大量涂料相比,施用薄层的涂料更容易。
重要的是,能够重新使用和再循环纸或板产品中的纤维。在造纸过程中和在寿命末期的再循环后,促进已被分散体涂覆的基于纤维的产品的再循环。与层合或挤出贴合的阻挡层相比,将添加至纸或板的分散体涂层再循环要容易得多。还优选的是,所述分散体涂层包含来自可再生来源如马铃薯、玉米、谷物、木材、木聚糖或类似产物的产物。微原纤化纤维素为可再生来源,微原纤化纤维素的添加也将改善和促进本发明分散体涂覆产品的再循环。
分散体涂层的添加优选在造纸造板机中在线进行。然而,分散体涂层的添加也可离线进行。
涂覆的基体可在一面或两面上涂覆。在添加分散体涂层后干燥涂覆的基体,可使用任何常规干燥技术。
所述基体优选为纸或板产品。然而,也可使用其它产品如织物、塑料等。
本发明包括以下实施方式:
项1.包含分散体涂层的涂覆的基于纤维的基体,其特征在于所述分散体涂层包含微原纤化纤维素和聚合物胶体粒子,所述分散体涂层在所述基体表面上形成阻挡层。
项2.第1项的基体,其特征在于所述分散体涂层包含0.5-20重量%的微原纤化纤维素。
项3.前述任一项的基体,其特征在于所述微原纤化纤维的长度为100nm-200μm。
项4.前述任一项的基体,其特征在于所述聚合物为聚偏二氯乙烯(PVdC)、聚乙烯醇(PVOH)、乙烯-乙烯醇聚合物(EVOH)、丙烯酸酯共聚物、改性苯乙烯聚合物、丁二烯聚合物、聚烯烃、丙烯腈聚合物、富马酸二酯或马来酸二酯聚合物、纤维素酯、淀粉醚、不同的丙烯酸酯和甲基丙烯酸酯聚合物、乙酸乙烯酯聚合物,源自马铃薯、玉米、谷物、木材、木聚糖或类似产物的聚合物,或者任何这些聚合物的混合物。
项5.前述任一项的基体,其特征在于所述阻挡层为对抗液体、蒸气、油脂、洗涤剂、氧气或其它气体的阻挡层。
项6.由1-5项的涂覆的基体制造的包装,其特征在于将所述基体弯曲或折叠以形成包装。
项7.分散体涂层,其特征在于所述分散体涂层包含微原纤化纤维素和聚合物胶体粒子以及所述分散体涂层在涂覆的基体上形成阻挡层。
项8.项7的分散体涂层,其特征在于所述聚合物为聚偏二氯乙烯(PVdC)、聚乙烯醇(PVOH)、乙烯-乙烯醇聚合物(EVOH)、丙烯酸酯共聚物、改性苯乙烯聚合物、丁二烯聚合物、聚烯烃、丙烯腈聚合物、富马酸二酯和马来酸二酯聚合物、纤维素酯、淀粉醚、不同的丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸酯聚合物、乙酸乙烯酯聚合物,源自马铃薯、玉米、谷物、木材、木聚糖或类似产物的聚合物,或者任何这些聚合物的混合物。
项9.项7-8中的任一项的分散体涂层,其特征在于所述分散体涂层包含0.5-20重量%的微原纤化纤维素。
项10.制造涂覆的基体的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
-提供包含纤维素纤维的基体,
-将分散体涂层施用至所述基体表面,其中所述分散体涂层包含微原纤化纤维素和聚合物胶体粒子,
-干燥所述基体以形成干燥的涂覆的基体。
项11.项10的方法,其特征在于所述分散体涂层通过使用辊涂、喷涂、缝涂、浸涂、凹版辊涂、反向凹版涂布和/或其组合施用。
项12.项10-11中的任一项的方法,其特征在于所述分散体涂层在造纸造板机中在线施用。
实施例
使用未涂覆的纸板作为基板。基板的面重为210gsm,Bendtsen粗糙度水平为400-500ml/min。
用由Clariant(UK)制造的称为Cartaseal TXU的可商购分散体涂料分散体涂覆基板,所述分散体涂料为基于胶乳的水分散体。将所述分散体作为参考按原样使用,下文称为“参考样品”,和通过使微原纤化纤维素与分散体混合使用,下文称为“样品MFC”。将MFC计量加入用于样品MFC的分散体,直到Brookfield粘度为约1000mPas。
将未涂覆的纸板借助于片材上的棒涂单元分散体涂覆。在两个样品上的分散体涂层的重量为15gsm。
然后将片材干燥。
微原纤化纤维素由漂白的松树亚硫酸盐纸浆以高稠度制造。首先将漂白的纸浆在精磨机中以25%的稠度预先机械处理,然后通过活性为250ECU的纤维素酶进行酶处理,最后将纸浆在精磨机中以25%的稠度机械处理。
根据ASTM F-1249标准中所述的操作测量阻挡涂层的水蒸气传输耐受性。使用Permatran-W 3/31(Mocon)仪器。使用5cm2的板的样品区域。N2(H2O)流速为200ml/min,N2(载体)流速为100ml/min以及RH为50-51%。
油脂渗透性根据改良的ASTM F119-82方法测定。将试验样品平坦地以及通过2.07kg辊折起和折叠地测试。然后将样品在阻挡层侧面上在40℃和0%RH暴露于鸡脂肪。记录在板的相对表面上显示视觉变化所需要的时间,即,透过时间(show-through time),和在置于所述板下面的具有254nm荧光指示剂的TLC板上显示视觉变化所需要的时间,即,突破时间(break through time)。将样品在第一个小时内每15分钟检查一次,在接下来的7小时内每小时检查一次。在第二天,将油脂渗透检查一次。
结果:
表1:在样品上测量的WVTR
在25℃和50%RH的WVTR | |
参考样品 | 250 |
样品MFC | 190 |
从表1可看出,WVTR通过添加MFC而降低,即,纸板更加耐水蒸气。
表2:油脂耐受性
从表2可看出,与参考样品相比,在阻挡涂层中包含MFC的样品实现良好的油脂和脂肪耐受性。预料不到地发现,当将MFC添加至分散体涂层时,经折起和折叠的样品的油脂耐受性改善这么多。结果还显示,当样品经折起和折叠时,先前使用的分散体涂层对油脂的耐受性不足。
Claims (19)
1.包含分散体涂层的涂覆的基于纤维的基体,其特征在于所述分散体涂层包含微原纤化纤维素和聚合物胶体粒子,所述分散体涂层在所述基体表面上形成阻挡层。
2.权利要求1的基体,其特征在于所述分散体涂层包含0.5-20重量%的微原纤化纤维素。
3.前述权利要求中的任一项的基体,其特征在于所述微原纤化纤维的长度为100nm-200μm。
4.前述权利要求中的任一项的基体,其特征在于所述聚合物为聚偏二氯乙烯(PVdC)、聚乙烯醇(PVOH)、乙烯-乙烯醇聚合物(EVOH)、丙烯酸酯共聚物、改性苯乙烯聚合物、丁二烯聚合物、聚烯烃、丙烯腈聚合物、富马酸二酯或马来酸二酯聚合物、纤维素酯、淀粉醚、不同的丙烯酸酯和甲基丙烯酸酯聚合物、乙酸乙烯酯聚合物,源自马铃薯、玉米、谷物、木材、木聚糖或类似产物的聚合物,或者任何这些聚合物的混合物。
5.前述权利要求中的任一项的基体,其特征在于所述阻挡层为对抗液体、蒸气、油脂、洗涤剂、氧气或其它气体的阻挡层。
6.前述权利要求中的任一项的基体,其特征在于所述微原纤化纤维的长度为5-200μm。
7.前述权利要求中的任一项的基体,其特征在于所述微原纤化纤维的长度为5-50μm。
8.前述权利要求中的任一项的基体,其特征在于所述分散体涂层的固体含量为25-70重量%。
9.前述权利要求中的任一项的基体,其特征在于用于所述分散体涂层的分散体的粘度为500-1000mPas。
10.前述权利要求中的任一项的基体,其特征在于将所述微原纤化纤维计量加入所述分散体,直到Brookfield粘度为约1000mPas。
11.前述权利要求中的任一项的基体,其特征在于将所述基体是纸或板产品。
12.由权利要求1-11的涂覆的基体制造的包装,其特征在于将所述基体弯曲或折叠以形成包装。
13.分散体涂层,其特征在于所述分散体涂层包含微原纤化纤维素和聚合物胶体粒子以及所述分散体涂层在涂覆的基体上形成阻挡层。
14.权利要求13的分散体涂层,其特征在于所述聚合物为聚偏二氯乙烯(PVdC)、聚乙烯醇(PVOH)、乙烯-乙烯醇聚合物(EVOH)、丙烯酸酯共聚物、改性苯乙烯聚合物、丁二烯聚合物、聚烯烃、丙烯腈聚合物、富马酸二酯和马来酸二酯聚合物、纤维素酯、淀粉醚、不同的丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸酯聚合物、乙酸乙烯酯聚合物,源自马铃薯、玉米、谷物、木材、木聚糖或类似产物的聚合物,或者任何这些聚合物的混合物。
15.权利要求13-14中的任一项的分散体涂层,其特征在于所述分散体涂层包含0.5-20重量%的微原纤化纤维素。
16.制造涂覆的基体的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
-提供包含纤维素纤维的基体,
-将分散体涂层施用至所述基体表面,其中所述分散体涂层包含微原纤化纤维素和聚合物胶体粒子,
-干燥所述基体以形成干燥的涂覆的基体。
17.权利要求16的方法,其特征在于所述分散体涂层通过使用辊涂、喷涂、缝涂、浸涂、凹版辊涂、反向凹版涂布和/或其组合施用。
18.权利要求16-17中的任一项的方法,其特征在于所述分散体涂层在造纸造板机中在线施用。
19.权利要求1-11中任一项的涂覆的基于纤维的基体、权利要求13-15中任一项的分散体涂层或根据权利要求16-18中任一项的方法制造的涂覆的基体在制造经折起和折叠的包装中的应用。
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CN2010800590371A CN102695832A (zh) | 2009-11-03 | 2010-11-02 | 涂覆的基体、制造涂覆的基体的方法、包装和分散体涂层 |
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EP (1) | EP2496765A4 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2013510222A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20120101430A (zh) |
CN (2) | CN102695832A (zh) |
BR (1) | BR112012010337A2 (zh) |
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SE0950819A1 (sv) | 2011-05-04 |
EP2496765A4 (en) | 2014-01-22 |
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JP2013510222A (ja) | 2013-03-21 |
US20130017349A1 (en) | 2013-01-17 |
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KR20120101430A (ko) | 2012-09-13 |
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