CN1070774C - 对印刷品进行覆膜叠层的方法 - Google Patents

对印刷品进行覆膜叠层的方法 Download PDF

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CN1070774C
CN1070774C CN98105994A CN98105994A CN1070774C CN 1070774 C CN1070774 C CN 1070774C CN 98105994 A CN98105994 A CN 98105994A CN 98105994 A CN98105994 A CN 98105994A CN 1070774 C CN1070774 C CN 1070774C
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金良枰
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Abstract

一种对诸如重要文件、旧文件和其他印刷品之类的物体进行叠层以防止这些物体的伪造或变质或者保护这些物体表面的覆膜叠层方法，在这种叠层方法中，在剥离纸、剥离合成树脂薄膜或非剥离合成树脂薄膜上涂上一层热塑性树脂溶体而制成一种作为介质的覆膜叠层薄片，而后，在上述的叠层薄片与待覆膜叠层的物体一起通过压辊之间的辊隙时便将上述叠层薄片上形成的合成树脂薄膜转移至上述物体上。

Description

对印刷品进行覆膜叠层的方法
本发明涉及一种用热塑性树脂溶体(透明的热塑性印剂)在一种待覆膜叠层的物体上覆上一层薄膜的方法，具体地涉及一种对印刷品进行覆膜叠层的方法。
众所周知，覆膜叠层方法是用来在待覆膜叠层的物体上涂敷一种热塑性树脂溶体薄膜以使物体达到防潮、密封以及保护印刷表面的目的。在普通的覆膜叠层方法中，是将一种由聚烯烃基热塑性树脂例如聚乙烯、聚丙烯和聚氯乙烯制成的热塑性树脂薄膜或一种聚酯薄膜热熔到一种待覆膜叠层物体(印刷薄片)如居民卡或其他标识卡的两面上，以防止伪造该物体，或保护该物体的内容。然后将在该物体上制成的薄膜沿离物体每边一定距离的线切开，得到预定尺寸的覆膜叠层制品。这类方法也还用于尺寸大的旧文件、变质的重要文件和其他的印刷品。
但是，上述的普通覆膜叠层方法存在外观粗糙和合成树脂材料消耗大(因为合成树脂膜太厚)的缺点。而且，合成树脂薄膜对物体表面的附着力会退化，因此，该薄膜容易脱离物体表面。另外，由于印刷在物体上的符号或图形是在折射状态下被人们看到的，故可能会看不清楚。
采用上述的普通方法在大件印刷品上覆上薄膜时，要用大尺寸的合成树脂薄膜。但是，由于尺寸大，合成树脂薄膜可能有迭折部分或者折皱部分。而且，由于在薄膜与物体之间夹有空气，可能使薄膜与物体严重脱开。另外，在叠层之后还必须沿距离物体每边一定距离的直线剪切叠层制品，这也不太方便。
为了解决上述问题，还提出一种利用涂辊来涂敷合成树脂溶体薄层的辊涂法。例如，这种方法已用来使装有一定量的糖或药品的纸袋具有防潮和密封特性，从而防止所装物品由于吸潮或与空气接触而发生物理或化学变质。该方法也用于保护印刷品的表面。
按照这种方法，用一个或多个涂辊对卷绕在辊子上的已印刷的或未印刷的整张未切开的纸的一面或两面连续涂上合成树脂溶体，同时用导辊供送。然后对涂过的物体进行干燥。这样就得到覆膜叠层物体。
上述的合成树脂溶体是一种溶解在有机溶剂中的合成树脂。当对印刷表面进行涂层处理时，合成树脂溶体的有机溶剂与印在物体上的图形或符号的油墨相接触。因此，印刷油墨可能被溶解或扩散。这样就会弄脏印刷品，从而使印刷品降质。而且，当有机溶剂挥发时，会产生刺激性的气味。此外，由于合成树脂溶体是热态使用的，故上述的产生有机溶剂气体的问题将更加严重，可能对人体有严重损害。
因此，使用合成树脂溶体的覆膜叠层方法仅仅用在大量生产的工厂里。换句话说，一般不在家中或办公室里用小型覆膜叠层机(热熔机)对物体涂敷合成树脂溶体。
因此，本发明的目的是解决用合成树脂溶体在纸张、印刷纸张或合成树脂薄膜上覆膜叠层的普通的叠层方法中存在的上述问题，提供一种对人体没有害的、且覆膜叠层时不会使油墨扩散或溶解而弄脏印刷品的，可在家中或办公室用的辊压覆膜叠层方法。
按照本发明，提供了一种对印刷品进行覆膜叠层的方法，包含下列步骤：
制备一种由溶解在甲苯、丁酮、乙醇和二甲苯中之一种有机溶剂中的聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚氯乙烯和聚苯乙烯中之一种热塑性合成树脂形成的热塑性合成树脂溶体；
加热所述的热塑性合成树脂溶体；
在一种基片上按辊涂法涂上一层上述的热塑性合成树脂溶体，所述的基片是剥离纸、剥离合成树脂薄膜或非剥离合成树脂薄膜中的一种；
对涂在上述基片上的热塑性合成树脂溶体进行干燥，得到一种涂有热塑合成树脂薄膜的叠层薄片；
将上述叠层薄片与上述印刷品一起通过加压辊与加热辊之间的辊隙，使叠层薄片上的热塑性合成树脂薄膜与待叠层的印刷品的表面相接触；和
使上述印刷品与上述叠层薄片分离，从而将叠层薄片上的合成树脂薄膜转移至印刷品的表面上。
在该方法中，用一种热塑性树脂溶体在一种未切的剥离纸或合成树脂薄膜上制出一层薄膜，形成一种作为介质的叠层薄片，然后在家中或办公室里使用一种小型覆膜叠层机(一种辊筒式热熔机)将上述叠层薄片上形成的合成树脂薄膜转移到一种待覆膜叠层物体例如尺寸大的旧文件、变质的重要文件和其他的印刷品上
优选地，上述的合成树脂的薄膜的厚度为0.005-0.01μm。
下面说明本发明的最佳实施例。
按照本发明，制备一种作为介质用于在一种待覆膜叠层的物体上层叠上一层热塑性合成树脂溶体(透明的合成树脂印剂)的叠层薄片。这种叠层薄片是在一种粘性处理的薄膜上涂上热塑性合成树脂溶体从而在该剥离薄膜上形成一层热塑性合成树脂薄膜而制成的。
在按照本发明的叠层材料中用的热塑性合成树脂溶体是溶解在有机溶剂中的热塑性合成树脂，该热塑性合成树脂可以是聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚氯乙烯、或聚苯乙烯，它们都是聚烯烃基的合成树脂。上述的有机溶剂可以是甲苯、丁酮、乙醇，或二甲苯。
在室温下，用作本发明的叠层材料的聚烯烃基合成树脂在有机溶剂中的溶解度是很低的。在较高温度下，这种聚烯烃基合成树脂可受有机溶剂侵蚀，或者说可溶解在有机溶剂中。
例如，聚乙烯在温度高于200°F(此时其密度低)下可溶解在有机溶剂中。低分子的聚乙烯可微量溶于松节油、石脑油或二甲苯中，故它在溶解于83°F或更高温度的甲苯或二甲苯中的状态下使用。聚丙烯在室温下不溶于有机溶剂中，但可被加热的溶剂软化。这种聚丙烯可溶解在添加了氧化剂的有机溶剂中。聚氯乙烯添加增塑剂时可在高温下溶解于溶剂中。而聚苯乙烯可在室温下溶解于有机酸、碱或乙醇中。但是，这种聚苯乙烯仅在高温下才可溶解于碳氢化合物溶剂中。
本发明考虑到上述的性质，制备了一种理想的热塑性合成树脂溶体(透明的合成树脂印剂)。按照本发明，所制备的热塑性合成树脂溶体在用辊涂法进行涂膜的过程中在保持高温的状态下使用。使热塑性合成树脂溶体保持高温状态的原因是为了尽可能多地减少溶剂在覆膜叠层过程中的蒸发。但是，热塑性合成树脂溶体的温度最好不高于所用有机溶剂的共沸点。
所用的几种有机溶剂的共沸点如下：甲苯为110.7℃；丁酮为79.6℃；乙醇为78.3℃。此外，二甲苯(间二甲苯和对二甲苯)的共沸点为138℃-139℃。因此，将热塑性合成树脂溶体加热到高于所用有机溶剂的共沸点的温度是不适宜的。该加热温度可根据所用有机溶剂来确定。
用于涂上热塑性合成树脂溶体而制成一种叠层薄片的剥离纸，最好采用轮廓纸，也可用合成树脂膜，按照方便于随后进行的覆膜叠层工艺和改进叠层制品质量的原则，上述的薄片最好具有硬度，不能太软，同时又要具有柔性而不是刚性。但是，合成树脂薄膜不应具有粘性。而且，合成树脂薄膜应不易被所用热塑性合成树脂溶体中的有机溶剂所侵蚀。
按直接辊涂法将热塑性合成树脂溶体涂在剥离或非剥离薄片上，使薄片上形成一层很薄的热塑性合成树脂薄膜，然后，使这层热塑性合成树脂薄膜干燥，这就制成了叠层薄片。在干燥过程中，热塑性合成树脂溶体涂层中的有机溶剂基本上挥发掉，从而在薄片上留下了薄膜状的热塑性合成树脂。该合成树脂薄膜的厚度最好为0.005-0.01μm。
上述制备的叠层薄片随后用于覆膜叠层各种各样的印刷品例如重要文件、旧文件、标识卡或证明书。在叠层过程中，将上述的叠层薄片与待覆膜叠层的物体一起通过一种小型的覆膜叠层机(热熔机)中两个加热辊之间形成的辊隙，使其合成树脂涂层与物体要保护的表面相接触，当叠层薄片和物体通过上述辊隙时，叠层薄片上的涂层便转移到物体的表面上，这样，物体上就被加上一层合成树脂涂层。
上述的叠层薄片的尺寸最好是其每边的长度比物体的尺寸大5-10mm。在完成叠层过程后将物体与叠层薄片分离时，物体的整个表面就包上了合成树脂薄膜。此时，合成树脂薄膜稍为超出物体每一边之外。
由上所述可以清楚地看出，本发明提供了这样一种覆膜叠层方法，其中按照一种覆膜叠层工艺，将一种热塑性树脂溶体涂在一个基片例如剥离纸、剥离合成树脂薄膜或非剥离合成树脂薄膜上，形成一种作为介质的叠层薄片，然后将叠层薄片上形成的合成树脂薄膜转移到一种待覆膜叠层的物体，例如各种文件或印刷品上。按照本发明，有可能消除所用溶剂造成的沾污，也有可能在家中或办公室里采用热压辊法即小型覆膜叠层压机(热熔机)制出叠层薄膜。本发明的叠层方法能够用合成树脂溶体形成一层很薄的合成树脂保护层，以保护各种印刷品例如居民卡、证书、标识卡、重要文件或旧文件，防止这些印刷品变质。因此，与普通方法相比可以明显减少合成树脂材料的消耗。另外，也不会有脱开或起皱的情况发生。而且，本发明的合成树脂保护薄层对物体有良好的粘性。按照本发明，还可提高印刷在物体上的符号和图形的清晰度。本发明的覆膜叠层方法还省去了普通覆膜叠层方法中应有的剪切工序。
另外，物体的覆膜叠层表面平滑、鲜艳且富有光泽。由此看来，本发明的覆膜叠层方法是一种很有价值的方法。虽然在上面为了方便说明起见而阐述了本发明的最佳实施例，但是，熟悉本技术的人们都会明白，在不背离所附权利要求书规定的本发明的范围和精神的情况下，可以有各种改型、补充和替代方案。

Claims (2)

1．一种对印刷品进行覆膜叠层的方法，包含下列步骤：
制备一种由溶解在甲苯、丁酮、乙醇和二甲苯中之一种有机溶剂中的聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚氯乙烯和聚苯乙烯中之一种热塑性合成树脂形成的热塑性合成树脂溶体；
加热所述的热塑性合成树脂溶体；
在一种基片上按辊涂法涂上一层上述的热塑性合成树脂溶体，所述的基片是剥离纸、剥离合成树脂薄膜或非剥离合成树脂薄膜中的一种；
对涂在上述基片上的热塑性合成树脂溶体进行干燥，得到一种涂有热塑合成树脂薄膜的叠层薄片；
将上述叠层薄片与上述印刷品一起通过加压辊与加热辊之间的辊隙，使叠层薄片上的热塑性合成树脂薄膜与待叠层的印刷品的表面相接触；和
使上述印刷品与上述叠层薄片分离，从而将叠层薄片上的合成树脂薄膜转移至上述的印刷品的表面上。
2．根据权利要求1的覆膜叠层方法，其特征在于，上述的合成树脂薄膜的厚度为0.005-0.01μm。
CN98105994A 1998-01-30 1998-04-15 对印刷品进行覆膜叠层的方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1070774C (zh)

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