CN107073828A - 照明装置的经由扩张肋通过镜面焊接的两部件组装方法 - Google Patents
照明装置的经由扩张肋通过镜面焊接的两部件组装方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种通过镜面焊接组装用于机动车辆的照明装置的第一部件(10)和第二部件(11)的方法,所述方法包括提供第一和第二部件(10、11)的步骤,其中每个部件(10、11)在与另一部件接触的界面区域中包括焊缝(100、110),所述焊缝(100、110)旨在在镜面焊接期间与另一部件的焊缝接触,其特征在于,所述第一和第二部件(10、11)中的至少一个(11)的所述焊缝(110)设置有沿着所述焊缝(110)展开的多个扩张肋(N),每个扩张肋(N)被构造成局部地扩张所述焊缝(110)的宽度。一种生产机动车辆的信号指示灯的应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及通过镜面焊接组装用于机动车辆的照明装置的第一部件和第二部件的领域,包括提供第一和第二部件,其中每个部件在其界面区域包括与另一部件接触,用于在镜面焊接期间与另一部件的焊缝接触的焊缝。
背景技术
在机动车领域中,已知如何通过镜面焊接操作装配至少部分透光的外透镜和支撑外透镜的基座,并将该基座固定到车辆。通过这种组装过程,生产照明装置,例如机动车辆的信号指示装置,例如后信号指示灯或照明装置。
为了进行外透镜到基座的镜面焊接操作,典型的是在外透镜上设置一个焊缝,在基座上设置一个互补形状的焊缝。镜面焊接操作包括将外透镜和基座中的一个定位在另一个的顶部上,在它们之间留出约50cm的空间。被称为镜面的细长加热元件被引入到该空间中,该镜面在其两个相对的面上提供加热。该加热元件可以具有各种形状,这取决于所使用的工具。它可以是金属热板,装有红外发射器的板或扩散热气(诸如热氮)的微喷嘴。两个部件然后与镜面接触(在加热板的情况下)或者在它们的焊缝区域中它们被放置成靠近镜面(在红外线或热气体的情况下),直到材料的温度达到其表面的软化温度。当已经达到软化温度时,足以去除加热镜。并在仍然处于软化状态的焊缝的区域内使得外透镜和基座按压接触几秒钟。在压力下冷却几秒钟后,实现焊接。外透镜和基座在其焊缝的区域中彼此接合,并且焊缝在冷却之后彼此连接。
当前的装配技术包括将基座手动地固定到上部工具上,而外部镜头被手动地定位在下部工具上。接下来,进行在镜面焊接期间将上部工具和下部工具靠在一起的步骤。有必要通过操作人员的介入来提供该部件的顺应性的一个步骤。
一个问题是基座是重的部件,这导致在装配线上处理基座和外部镜头的操作者的高度疲劳。此外,由于基座的重量和缺乏可抓握部,将基座放置在上部工具中是困难的操作。结果是在镜面焊接时外透镜和基座的焊缝未对准的风险。参考图1,其显示出非预期的情况,在外透镜2和基座1的各自的焊缝4,3的区域中,外透镜2和基座1之间的相对滑动易于意外地发生,从而破坏了基座1和外透镜2的平行定位。结果,存在外透镜2和/或基座1断裂的风险以及焊接不良或甚至脆弱的风险。甚至可能以不满意的方式发生基座1固定在外透镜2上的如下位置,该位置根本不对应于预期位置,该位置具有偏移量D,或缺乏平行定位,这牵扯到照明设备的不合规的拒收。
虽然上述问题特别涉及与照明装置相关联的由外透镜和基座构成的技术领域,但是这些问题易于与用于机动车辆的照明装置的其它成对部件一起出现。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提出一种用于通过镜面焊接组装用于机动车辆的照明装置的两部件的解决方案,该解决方案解决了上述缺点。
因此,本发明的主题是一种通过镜面焊接组装用于机动车辆的照明装置的第一部件和第二部件的方法,包括提供第一和第二部件的步骤,其中每个部件在与另一部件接触的界面区域中包括焊缝,所述焊缝旨在在镜面焊接期间与另一部件的焊缝接触。
所述方法的特征在于,所述第一和第二部件中的至少一个的所述焊缝设置有沿着所述焊缝展开的多个扩张肋,每个扩张肋被构造成相对于位于存在扩张肋的区域的外侧的焊缝的宽度使得焊缝的宽度局部地扩张。
根据一个有利的实施例,对于具有这样的扩张肋的焊缝,扩张肋相对于焊缝的延伸方向布置在焊缝的任一侧。
尤其地,两个扩张肋被设置成在彼此对准的情况下相对于焊缝的延伸方向局部地垂直或成一定角度,从而与所述焊缝一起形成十字形。
根据一个变型实施例,分别在所述焊缝的任一侧上延伸的两个扩张肋沿着所述焊缝的长度以交错的排列方式彼此偏移。
根据一个有利的实施例,每个扩张肋从所述焊缝延伸介于1.5mm和4mm之间的长度。
根据一个有利的实施例,每个扩张肋的高度等于或大于所述焊缝的高度,所述高度从部件的扩张肋所起源于的表面开始计算。
尤其地和有利地,每个扩张肋被构型成使得其高度随着逐渐远离所述焊缝而趋于增加。
根据该方法的一个实施例,在所述提供步骤之后,所述方法包括:-在第一和第二部件的焊缝的区域中,在第一和第二部件之间进行第一次接触的步骤,其中配备有此种扩张肋的每个部件的扩张肋参与另一部件的焊缝的定位以及所述另一部件的空间构型,-然后,在第一部件和第二部件的焊缝和扩张肋的区域中,将第一部件和第二部件镜面焊接到彼此的步骤。
尤其地,在进行第一次接触的步骤中,其焊缝包括扩张肋的部件被下部工具支撑,以及镜面焊接步骤包括:抓握部件的步骤,该部件在进行第一次接触的步骤期间已经预先通过上部工具居中,所述另一部件的居中和空间构型在抓握步骤期间通过其焊缝配备有扩张肋的部件的扩张肋完成。
根据另一具体的特征,第一次接触的步骤包括将所述另一部件手动放置在其焊缝配备有扩张肋的所述部件上的步骤。
根据一个有利的实施例,所述镜面焊接步骤包括:在所述抓握步骤之后,使得在所述上部工具和下部工具之间进行相对移位以使第一和第二部件彼此远离的步骤,以及通过镜面加热而使第一和第二部件的每个焊缝至少部分软化的步骤,以及然后在第一和第二部件的依旧至少部分软化的焊缝的区域中,通过第一和第二部件的压制而进行第二次接触的步骤。
根据一个有利的特征,所述第一和第二部件被构造成在镜面焊接之后形成用于机动车辆的诸如后信号指示灯的信号指示装置类型的照明装置,第一和第二部件中的一个,特别是其焊缝配备有扩张肋的部件由基座构成,第一和第二部件中的另一个由至少部分透光的外透镜构成。
附图说明
其它优点和特征将从以下作为非限制性实施例给出并在附图中表示的本发明的特定实施例的描述中更清楚地显现,其中:
-已经描述的图1是纵向剖视图,其显示当前组装技术易于发生的问题,
-图2和图3分别是根据本发明的组装方法的示例中使用的部件的示例的透视图和剖视图,
-图4示出了根据本发明的方法部件的可以补偿的滑动E1,
-图5至图8表示实现根据本发明的组装方法的示例的四个连续步骤。
具体实施方式
现在将参考附图2至8描述的本发明总体上涉及通过镜面焊接技术组装属于机动车辆照明装置的第一和第二部件10、11的方法。
该方法包括提供第一和第二部件10、11的步骤,其中每个部件10、11在其与另一部件接触的界面区域中包括焊缝100、110,所述焊缝100、110分别用于在镜面焊接期间与另一部件的焊缝接触。
镜面焊接操作也称为通过热板的焊接。该技术包括将两个部件10、11中的一个定位在另一个的顶部之上并且在它们之间留有空间,例如约50厘米,其中两个部件10、11优选地至少在焊缝100、110的区域中由适当的塑料材料形成。接下来,在这个空间中引入镜面(诸如在相对两侧加热的热板)。两个部件10、11然后与镜面接触或者在焊缝100、110的区域中被放置成靠近镜面(利用红外线或热气体的镜面),直到每个部件10、11的在焊缝100、110的区域中的材料的温度已经达到其表面的软化温度。当已经达到软化温度时,足以移除加热镜面,并将两个部件10、11在其仍处于软化状态的焊缝100、110的区域中放置成彼此挤压接触几秒。在压力下冷却几秒钟后,完成焊接:两个部件10、11在它们的焊缝100、110的区域中彼此结合,焊缝自身在冷却之后连接到彼此。
根据一个重要特征,第一和第二部件10、11中的至少一个的焊缝110(例如仅第二部件11的焊缝110)设置有沿着所述焊缝110的长度(该长度沿着焊缝110的延伸方向X的长度而计数,其中该焊缝110沿着延伸方向X延伸)展开的多个扩张肋N。每个扩张肋N被构造成相对于位于存在扩张肋N的区域的外侧的焊缝110的宽度L使得焊缝110的宽度局部地扩张(例如,参见图2中的图示)。
通过部件10、11的组装获得的照明装置可以是用于机动车辆的信号指示灯类型(例如后信号指示灯)的照明装置,或用于机动车辆的外部照明装置类型的照明装置,或用于机动车辆的内部照明装置类型的照明装置。特别地但不排他地,第一和第二部件10、11被构造为在镜面焊接之后形成用于机动车辆的信号指示装置(例如后信号指示灯)类型的照明装置,第一和第二部件11中的一个11(特别是其焊缝110配备有扩张肋N的部件11)由用于信号指示装置的基座构成,第一和第二部件10、11中的另一个10由信号指示装置的至少部分透光的外透镜构成。
在下文中,将使用如下的有利示例,在该示例中,设置有扩张肋N的部件是第二部件11,并且所涉及的焊缝是被标记为110的焊缝。然而,替代地或组合地,设置有扩张肋N的部件可以是第一部件10,并且在这种情况下所涉及的焊缝是标记为100的焊缝。因此,两个部件10、11的两个焊缝100、110可以同时配备有扩张肋,或者它们可以设置为两个焊缝100、110中只有一个配备有这种扩张肋N。
根据如图所示的一个实施例,对于具有这样的扩张肋N的焊缝110,扩张肋N相对于焊缝110的延伸方向X被布置在焊缝110的任一侧上,该扩张肋N对应于标记为Y的横向方向。然而,可以想到,属于相同焊缝的扩张肋N在Y方向上观察时都设置在焊缝的同一侧。
两个扩张肋N被设置成在彼此对准的情况下相对于焊缝110的延伸方向X局部地垂直(这是所示的情况)或成一定角度(未示出的情况),从而与具有所述肋N的焊缝110一起形成十字形(图2)。
然而,在未示出的变型中,分别在焊缝110的任一侧沿Y方向延伸的两个扩张肋N沿着焊缝110的长度(即沿着延伸方向X)以交错的排列方式彼此偏移。
特别是在第一部件10由外透镜构成并且第二部件11由相同的信号指示装置的基座构成的情况下,对于期望的功能而言特别合适的一个可能的尺寸要求每个扩张肋N从其所起源于的焊缝110开始延伸长度L1(在图3中可见),其中长度L1在1.5mm和4mm之间,优选地在1.5和2.5mm之间。
根据一个优选实施例,每个扩张肋N的高度H(在图3中可见)等于或大于焊缝110的高度,这两个高度从部件11的扩张肋N所起源于的表面开始计算。
以未示出的方式,特别可以设置成使得每个扩张肋N被构型为使得每个扩张肋N的高度H随着逐渐远离焊缝110而趋于增加,因此可以形成局部漏斗,该局部漏斗可以参与居中(用于另一个焊缝100的放置和定位维持)。然而,以所示的方式,扩张肋N的高度完全可能在其长度上保持恒定。
在提供部件10、11的步骤之后,组装方法包括:
-在部件10、11的焊缝100、110的区域中,在第一和第二部件10、11之间进行第一次接触F1,F2(图5、6)的步骤,其中配备有此种扩张肋N的每个部件(这里由第二部件11组成)的扩张肋N参与另一部件(这里由第一部件10组成)的焊缝100的定位以及所述另一部件10的空间构型,
-然后在第一部件10和第二部件11的焊缝100、110和扩张肋N的区域中将第一部件10和第二部件11镜面焊接到彼此的步骤。
在进行第一次接触F1,F2的步骤中,其焊缝110包括扩张肋N的部件11优选地被下部工具OI支撑(图5)。然后,镜面焊接步骤包括抓握部件10的步骤F3(图7),该部件10在进行第一次接触F1,F2的步骤期间已经通过上部工具OS居中。在抓握步骤F3期间非常有利地通过其焊缝110配备有扩张肋N的部件(这里由第二部件组成11)(所述另一部件所靠置于的部件)的扩张肋N保持并且显著地促进所述另一部件(这里由第一部件10组成)的居中和空间构型。
换句话说,在通过上部工具OS夹持F3部件10的时刻伴随着通过上部工具OS向部件10施加力F5(图3),部件10仅仅在其焊缝100区域中与搁置在下部工具OI上的部件11的焊缝110和扩张肋N接触已经足以保证部件10的定位和空间构型。这些规定与上述讨论的现有技术相比是非常有利的。
根据一个具体实施方案,第一次接触F1,F2的步骤包括将所述另一部件(这里由第一部件10组成)手动放置在其焊缝110配有扩张肋N的部件(这里由第二部件11组成)上的步骤。
接下来,镜面焊接的步骤包括:在抓取步骤F3之后,使得上部工具和下部工具OS,OI之间相对移位F4以使第一和第二部件10、11彼此远离的步骤,以及通过所述镜面加热使得第一和第二部件10、11的每个焊缝100、110至少部分软化或至少部分熔化的步骤,然后在第一和第二部件10、11的依旧至少部分软化的焊缝100、110的区域中,在第一和第二部件10、11压力下进行第二次接触的步骤。
在相对移位的步骤期间,其焊缝110配备有扩张肋N的第二部件11保持为连接到下部工具OI,而另一部件(这里,例如第一部件10,例如不具有扩张肋N,但是除了或者替换第二部件11所包括的扩张肋,第一部件10也可以包括这样的扩张肋N)在其被上部工具OS抓握F3之后保持为连接到上部工具OS。相对移位F4例如通过上部工具OS的向上位移来实现,而下部工具OI保持静止。另一方面,相对移位F4可以通过下部工具OI的向下位移来实现,而上部工具OS保持静止。工具OI和OS的这些位移也可以组合。
总而言之,首先将部件11手动放置在下部工具OI(箭头F1)上,然后将另一部件10手动放置在部件11(箭头F2)上,以便在部件10、11之间形成第一次接触定位,然后在抓取步骤期间通过上部工具OS(箭头F3)抓取部件10,然后如此抓握的部件10通过工具OI和OS中的至少一个工具相对于部件11移动,然后在加热镜或热板加热之后在焊缝110,100仍然处于软化状态的时刻,借助于在部件10、11的压力下的第二次接触定位来完成镜面焊接的步骤。
在焊缝110的宽度上局部添加的扩张肋N使得操作者能够容易地手动地预定位件10、11。它们还可以吸收部件10、11的制造公差。扩张肋允许两个部件10、11相对于彼此滑动,并且因此通过镜面焊接自身的过程来对部件10进行居中和构型,以确保部件10、11在组装期间的良好定位。图4示意性地示出了部件10、11相对于彼此的滑动公差E1,其中部件10仍然经由部件11的扩张肋N保持在居中且被空间构型的位置。该值E1与焊缝110的配备有扩张肋N的区域中的总宽度E2以及焊缝100的宽度直接相关。
扩张肋N的另一个优点是进行组装过程的工作站的改进的人体工程学。这使得可以手动地将部件11(即使其具有较重的重量)装载在机器的下部中(更准确地说,在下部工具OI上),并且将部件10定位在该预先加载的部件11上。与现有技术不同,不需要施加力来对部件10进行构型和固定部件10,该部件10在操作者的肩部之上可能是较重的。
最后,这是一种对于各种产品而言可采用的且容易实现的解决方案,可在部件11和/或部件10上复制。
当然,从前面的描述可以理解,根据本发明的方法特别适用于车辆,特别是机动车辆的信号指示灯的生产。
Claims (12)
1.一种通过镜面焊接组装用于机动车辆的照明装置的第一部件(10)和第二部件(11)的方法,所述方法包括提供第一和第二部件(10、11)的步骤,其中每个部件(10、11)在其与另一部件接触的界面区域中包括焊缝(100、110),所述焊缝(100、110)旨在在镜面焊接期间与另一部件的焊缝接触,其特征在于,所述第一和第二部件(10、11)中的至少一个(11)的所述焊缝(110)设置有沿着所述焊缝(110)展开的多个扩张肋(N),每个扩张肋(N)被构造成相对于位于存在扩张肋(N)的区域的外侧的焊缝(110)的宽度(L)使得焊缝(110)的宽度局部地扩张。
2.根据权利要求1所述的组装方法,其特征在于,对于具有这样的扩张肋(N)的焊缝(110),扩张肋(N)相对于焊缝(110)的延伸方向(X)布置在焊缝(110)的任一侧。
3.根据权利要求2所述的组装方法,其特征在于,两个扩张肋(N)被局部地设置成在彼此对准的情况下相对于焊缝(110)的延伸方向(X)垂直或成一定角度,从而与所述焊缝(110)一起形成十字形。
4.根据权利要求2和3中任一项所述的组装方法,其特征在于,分别在所述焊缝(110)的任一侧上延伸的两个扩张肋(N)沿着所述焊缝(110)的长度以交错的排列方式彼此偏移。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的组装方法,其特征在于,每个扩张肋(N)从所述焊缝(110)延伸介于1.5mm和4mm之间的长度(L1)。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的组装方法,其特征在于,每个扩张肋(N)的高度(H)等于或大于所述焊缝(110)的高度,所述高度从部件(11)的扩张肋(N)所起源于的表面开始计算。
7.根据权利要求6所述的组装方法,其特征在于,每个扩张肋(N)被构型成使得其高度(H)随着逐渐远离所述焊缝(110)而趋于增加。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的组装方法,其特征在于,在所述提供步骤之后,包括:
-在第一和第二部件(10、11)的焊缝(100、110)的区域中,在第一和第二部件(10、11)之间进行第一次接触(F1,F2)的步骤,其中配备有此种扩张肋(N)的每个部件(11)的扩张肋(N)参与另一部件(10)的焊缝(100)的定位以及所述另一部件(10)的空间构型,
-然后,在第一部件(10)和第二部件(11)的焊缝(100、110)和扩张肋(N)的区域中,将第一部件(10)和第二部件(11)镜面焊接到彼此的步骤。
9.根据权利要求8所述的组装方法,其特征在于,在进行第一次接触(F1、F2)的步骤中,其焊缝(110)包括扩张肋(N)的部件(11)被下部工具(OI)支撑,以及镜面焊接步骤包括抓握部件(10)的步骤(F3),该部件(10)在进行第一次接触(F1,F2)的步骤期间已经预先通过上部工具(OS)居中,所述另一部件(10)的居中和空间构型在抓握步骤(F3)期间通过其焊缝(110)配备有扩张肋(N)的部件(11)的扩张肋(N)完成。
10.根据权利要求8和9中任一项所述的组装方法,其特征在于,第一次接触(F1,F2)的步骤包括将所述另一部件(10)手动放置(F2)在其焊缝(110)配备有扩张肋(N)的所述部件(11)上的步骤。
11.根据权利要求9和10中任一项所述的组装方法,其特征在于,所述镜面焊接步骤包括:
在所述抓握步骤(F3)之后,使得在所述上部工具和下部工具(OS,OI)之间进行相对移位(F4)以使第一和第二部件(10、11)彼此远离的步骤,以及
通过镜面加热而使第一和第二部件(10、11)的每个焊缝(100、110)至少部分软化的步骤,以及
然后在第一和第二部件(10、11)的依旧至少部分软化的焊缝(100、110)的区域中,通过按压第一和第二部件(10、11)而进行第二次接触的步骤。
12.根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的组装方法,其特征在于,所述第一和第二部件(10、11)被构造成在镜面焊接之后形成用于机动车辆的诸如后信号指示灯的信号指示装置类型的照明装置,第一和第二部件(10、11)中的一个部件(11),特别是其焊缝(110)配备有扩张肋(N)的部件由基座构成,第一和第二部件(10、11)中的另一个(10)由至少部分透光的外透镜构成。
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CN103171148A (zh) * | 2011-12-20 | 2013-06-26 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | 红外线焊接组件中的精确定位部件 |
WO2014046113A1 (ja) * | 2012-09-21 | 2014-03-27 | いすゞ自動車株式会社 | ランプの製造方法とその取付構造 |
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JP2000025116A (ja) * | 1998-07-10 | 2000-01-25 | Takagi Seiko Corp | 熱板溶着方法とそれに要する受治具 |
JP2004345094A (ja) * | 2003-05-20 | 2004-12-09 | Koito Mfg Co Ltd | 車両用灯具の製造装置 |
JP4757226B2 (ja) * | 2007-05-16 | 2011-08-24 | カルソニックカンセイ株式会社 | 振動溶着部構造 |
DE102010017796A1 (de) * | 2009-07-30 | 2011-02-17 | Kobayashi Industrial Co., Ltd., Fujinomiya | Harzbauteil-Schweissvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Verschweissen von Harzbauteilen |
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CN1209386A (zh) * | 1997-06-12 | 1999-03-03 | 株式会社小糸制作所 | 车灯的振动焊接方法及其所用装置 |
JP2001297608A (ja) * | 2000-04-13 | 2001-10-26 | Koito Mfg Co Ltd | 車両用灯具の製造装置 |
CN1157552C (zh) * | 2000-11-13 | 2004-07-14 | 株式会社小糸制作所 | 车辆用灯具 |
CN1721901A (zh) * | 2004-04-28 | 2006-01-18 | 佳能株式会社 | 用于固定光学元件的方法和光学单元 |
CN103171148A (zh) * | 2011-12-20 | 2013-06-26 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | 红外线焊接组件中的精确定位部件 |
WO2014046113A1 (ja) * | 2012-09-21 | 2014-03-27 | いすゞ自動車株式会社 | ランプの製造方法とその取付構造 |
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FR3026343B1 (fr) | 2016-10-28 |
EP3200971A1 (fr) | 2017-08-09 |
US20170305072A1 (en) | 2017-10-26 |
FR3026343A1 (fr) | 2016-04-01 |
EP3200971B1 (fr) | 2018-10-10 |
CN107073828B (zh) | 2019-04-26 |
US10486366B2 (en) | 2019-11-26 |
WO2016050652A1 (fr) | 2016-04-07 |
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