CN107065503A - For atomic clock collimator and extender spot diameter converting means - Google Patents
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- CN107065503A CN107065503A CN201710363714.2A CN201710363714A CN107065503A CN 107065503 A CN107065503 A CN 107065503A CN 201710363714 A CN201710363714 A CN 201710363714A CN 107065503 A CN107065503 A CN 107065503A
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- collimator
- extender
- spot diameter
- laser
- amici prism
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- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04F—TIME-INTERVAL MEASURING
- G04F5/00—Apparatus for producing preselected time intervals for use as timing standards
- G04F5/14—Apparatus for producing preselected time intervals for use as timing standards using atomic clocks
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
- G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
- G02B27/095—Refractive optical elements
- G02B27/0955—Lenses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
- G02B27/283—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for beam splitting or combining
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/30—Collimators
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
- Lasers (AREA)
Abstract
One kind is used for atomic clock collimator and extender spot diameter converting means, laser optical system is connected with the first fiber optic splitter and the second fiber optic splitter respectively by optical fiber, atomic emissions device is provided with vacuum chamber, the ccd image sensor corresponding with atomic emissions device, at least one is to penetrating unit, it is made up of to penetrating unit A collimator and extender spot diameter converters and B collimator and extender spot diameter converters, A collimator and extender spot diameter converters and B collimator and extender spot diameter converters are arranged on vacuum tank body wall and optical axis coincidence to penetrating, A collimator and extender spot diameter converters are connected by optical fiber with the first fiber optic splitter, B collimator and extender spot diameter converters are connected by optical fiber with the second fiber optic splitter, described laser optical system is that laser controller is connected with laser, the laser of laser output sequentially passes through saturation-absorption spectrum device and acousto-optic modulator, it is input to fiber coupler.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to optical devices technologies field, and in particular to be used for atomic clock collimator and extender spot diameter to one kind and become
Changing device.
Background technology
Current atom clock cold atom cloud sample is typically all prepared using Magneto-Optical Trap technology.Magneto-Optical Trap technology is typically used
Six beam laser are engaged to complete with magnetic field.Six beam laser by respective collimator and extender lens barrel 2-2, enter magnetic respectively
In ligh trap, capture atomic region is formed with corresponding magnetic field, so as to capture atom, cold atom sample is prepared.The stabilization of atomic clock
The number of degree and degree of accuracy index request cold atom sample is as more as possible, and density is as small as possible.This requires not change as far as possible
Capture under the premise of atom number, expand the volume (shape for changing atomic group) of atomic group.
It is main that current atom clock (expands atomic group volume simultaneously, it is ensured that atomic group invariable number) in cold atom sample is prepared
Two ways is used, one kind is to change six beams to expand laser optics parameter (frequency and power) to reach change atomic group shape
Purpose, so as to reduce the density of atomic group.The advantage of this mode is not change the relative position of laser and collimator and extender microscope group
Put, in the absence of motion mechanically, it is ensured that laser is by the directionality after collimator and extender lens barrel, but this mode is scarce
Point is the increase in atomic clock optical system complexity.(atomic clock opticator function is to realize the frequency to six beam laser
Being manipulated with power) another mode is the relative position for changing collimation lens set inside laser and collimator and extender lens barrel, so that
Change the light intensity after collimator and extender lens barrel, to reach the purpose for changing atomic group shape, this mode need not change six beams and swash
The optical parametric of light, but need to change the relative position inside laser and collimator and extender lens barrel between collimation lens set, exist
Mechanical movement, it is impossible to directionality of the strict guarantee laser after collimator and extender lens barrel.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are the shortcoming for overcoming existing atomic clock cold atom sample preparation apparatus, carry
For a kind of reasonable in design, simple to operate, directionality that is ensureing laser for atomic clock collimator and extender spot diameter converting means.
Solving the technical scheme that is used of above-mentioned technical problem is：Laser optical system by optical fiber respectively with the first optical fiber
Beam splitter and the second fiber optic splitter are connected, and atomic emissions device are provided with vacuum chamber, corresponding with atomic emissions device
Ccd image sensor, 3 to penetrating unit, it is straight by A collimator and extender spot diameter converters and B collimator and extender hot spots to penetrating unit
Footpath converter is constituted, and A collimator and extender spot diameter converters and B collimator and extender spot diameter converters are arranged on vacuum tank to penetrating
On body wall and optical axis coincidence, A collimator and extender spot diameter converters are identical with the structure of B collimator and extender spot diameter converters, and 3
The individual optical axis to penetrating unit is met at a bit, and the intersection point is located in the cavity of vacuum chamber, and A collimator and extender spot diameters converter leads to
Cross optical fiber with the first fiber optic splitter to be connected, B collimator and extender spot diameter converters pass through optical fiber and the second fiber optic splitter phase
Even；
Described laser optical system structure is：Laser controller is connected with laser, the laser one of laser output
Divide and enter the frequency that saturation-absorption spectrum device locks laser with laser controller, another part passes through acousto-optic modulator, inputs
To fiber coupler.
As a kind of perferred technical scheme, 3 angles of the optical axis in three dimensions each other to penetrating unit are
120 ° or 90 °.
As a kind of perferred technical scheme, the structure of described A collimator and extender spot diameter converters is：Lens barrel is remote
One end end of vacuum tubings is provided with fibre-optical splice, lens barrel along the transmission direction of light and sets gradually the first wideband polarization point
Light prism, concavees lens, 1/2nd wave plates, the second wideband polarization Amici prism, cemented doublet, liquid lens.
As a kind of perferred technical scheme, the distance between the first described wideband polarization Amici prism and fibre-optical splice
For 9~20mm, the distance between the first wideband polarization Amici prism and concavees lens are 2~7mm, described concavees lens and two/
The distance between one wave plate is 2~7mm, and the distance between described 1/2nd wave plates and second wideband polarization Amici prism are
2~7mm, the distance between the second described wideband polarization Amici prism and cemented doublet are 15~100mm, described double glue
It is 3~10mm to close the distance between lens and liquid lens (2-8).
As a kind of perferred technical scheme, the focal length of described concavees lens is -30mm~-80mm.
As a kind of perferred technical scheme, the described liquid lens plane of incidence is that concave surface, exit facet are plane, the plane of incidence
Radius of curvature be -45mm~-60mm.
As a kind of perferred technical scheme, the first described wideband polarization Amici prism and 1/2nd wave plates and
The wavelength of two wideband polarization Amici prisms is identical.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
The present invention uses A collimator and extender spot diameter converters and B collimator and extender spot diameter converters to penetrating, to vacuum
Atom in casing is acted on, A collimator and extender spot diameters converter using the first wideband polarization Amici prism, concavees lens,
/ 2nd wave plates, the second wideband polarization Amici prism, cemented doublet are collimated and expanded, and are changing cold atom sample body
During product, do not change the frequency and power of cooling Trapping of Atoms laser, reduce answering for cooling imprison cold atom sample optical system
Polygamy, improves the stability of optical system, cemented doublet, it is ensured that the collimation of shoot laser, using liquid lens to right
Shoot laser is focused or dissipated, simple with regulation, easy to operate, and mechanical movement is not present in the present invention, it is ensured that outgoing
The directionality of hot spot, reduces the reduced number of possibility of cold atom sample.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of laser optical system 6 in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of A collimator and extender spot diameters converter 2 in Fig. 1.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but the invention is not restricted to following embodiment party
Formula.
Embodiment 1
In Fig. 1, the present embodiment be used for atomic clock collimator and extender spot diameter converting means by vacuum chamber 1, atom
It is transmitter 3, optical fiber 4, the first fiber optic splitter 5, laser optical system 6, the second fiber optic splitter 7, ccd image sensor 9, right
Unit is penetrated to connect and compose.
Be fixedly connected with the side wall of vacuum chamber 1 with screw threads for fastening connector atomic emissions device 3 and with atomic emissions device 3
Corresponding ccd image sensor 9 and 3 are used to observe cold atom in vacuum chamber 1 to penetrating unit, ccd image sensor 9
Group's shape, to penetrating unit by structure identical A collimator and extender spot diameters converter 2 and B collimator and extender spot diameters converter 8
Constitute, 8 pairs of A collimator and extender spot diameters converter 2 and B collimator and extender spot diameters converter are penetrated installed in the wall of vacuum chamber 1
Upper and optical axis coincidence, 3 meet at a bit to the optical axis for penetrating unit, and the intersection point is located in the chamber of vacuum chamber 1, in three dimensions
3 are 120 ° to penetrating the angle of cell optic axis each other, or 90 °, laser optical system 6 by optical fiber 4 respectively with
First fiber optic splitter 5 is connected with the second fiber optic splitter 7, and the first fiber optic splitter 5 is expanded with 3 A collimations respectively by optical fiber 4
Beam spot diameter converter 2 is connected, and the second fiber optic splitter 7 is converted with 3 B collimator and extenders spot diameters respectively by optical fiber 4
Device 8 is connected.Atomic emissions device 3 launches atom into vacuum chamber 1, and laser optical system 6 launches the laser that wavelength is 780nm
By the first fiber optic splitter, 5 points are that 3 beams respectively enter 3 A collimator and extender spot diameters converters 2, while by the second light
Fine 7 points of beam splitter is that 3 beams respectively enter 3 B collimator and extender spot diameters converters 8, and light beam is after collimator and extender and conversion
With the atomic interaction being transmitted into vacuum tank chamber, and under the cooperation in corresponding magnetic field, the temperature of atomic group is reduced, capture is former
Son, forms cold atom cloud.
In fig. 2, the laser optical system 6 of the present embodiment by laser controller, laser, saturation-absorption spectrum device,
Acousto-optic modulator, fiber coupler are connected and composed, and laser controller is connected with laser, and the laser of laser output is a part of defeated
Enter saturation-absorption spectrum device, laser controller and saturation-absorption spectrum device are used to the working frequency of laser being locked in phase
Answer in the frequency of atom, laser another part of laser output is input to fiber coupler, optical fiber coupling by acousto-optic modulator
Clutch is connected by optical fiber 4 with the first fiber optic splitter 5 and the second fiber optic splitter 7.
In figure 3, the A collimator and extender spot diameters converter 2 of the present embodiment is by fibre-optical splice 2-1, lens barrel 2-2, first
Wideband polarization Amici prism 2-3, concavees lens 2-4,1/2nd wave plate 2-5, the second wideband polarization Amici prism 2-6, double gluings
Lens 2-7, liquid lens 2-8 are connected and composed.
Lens barrel 2-2 on one end end cap of vacuum chamber 1 away from fibre-optical splice 2-1 is provided with, and fibre-optical splice 2-1 passes through optical fiber 4
It is connected with the first fiber optic splitter 5, it is inclined away from the first broadband is installed at fibre-optical splice 15mm along the exit direction of light in lens barrel 2-2
Shake Amici prism 2-3, recessed along the exit direction of light away from concavees lens 2-4 is provided with the first wideband polarization Amici prism 5mm
Mirror 2-4 focal length is -50mm, along the exit direction of light away from 1/2nd wave plate 2-5 are provided with concavees lens 5mm, along light
Exit direction away from being provided with the second wideband polarization Amici prism 2-6, the second wideband polarization light splitting rib at 1/2nd wave plate 5mm
Mirror 2-6 and 1/2nd wave plate 2-5 and the first wideband polarization Amici prism 2-3 wavelength are identical, along the exit direction of light
Away from cemented doublet 2-7 is provided with the second wideband polarization Amici prism 60mm, the cemented doublet 2-7 planes of incidence and cemented surface are equal
For to the raised convex surface of the opposite direction of light exit direction, light-emitting face is to the raised convex surface of light exit direction, the song of the plane of incidence
Rate radius is 124mm, and the radius of curvature of cemented surface is 31mm, and the radius of curvature of light-emitting face is -37mm, cemented doublet 2-7
The plane of incidence and exit facet on be coated with antireflective film, it is saturating away from liquid is provided with cemented doublet 7mm along the exit direction of light
Mirror 2-8, the liquid lens 2-8 planes of incidence are that concave surface, exit facet are plane, and the radius of curvature of the plane of incidence is -50mm.By fibre-optical splice
Laser incoming 2-1 only allows that laser hangs down by the first wideband polarization Amici prism 2-3, the first wideband polarization Amici prism 2-3
The straight polarization state vertical component in its plane of incidence passes through, and will be eliminated by the horizontal component introduced by optical fiber, plays the work of analyzing
With laser is further dissipated by concavees lens 2-4, and the laser of diverging passes through 1/2nd wave plate 2-5 and the second polarization spectro rib
Mirror 6, can change laser polarization state direction, the second polarization splitting prism 2-6 is then analyzing by rotating 1/2nd wave plate 2-5
Effect, 1/2nd wave plate 2-5 and the second polarization splitting prism 2-6 control the power output of laser, by the second polarization spectro
Prism 2-6 divergencing laser passes through cemented doublet 2-7, is collimated, it is ensured that the laser quasi of outgoing is straightforward, then by adjusting liquid
Body lens 2-8, makes Laser Focusing or diverging, untill generation meets cold atom cloud sample condition.
Embodiment 2
In embodiment 1, lens barrel 2-2 on one end end cap of vacuum chamber 1 away from being provided with fibre-optical splice 2-1, fibre-optical splice
2-1 is connected by optical fiber 4 with the first fiber optic splitter 5, along the exit direction of light away from peace at fibre-optical splice 9mm in lens barrel 2-2
The first wideband polarization Amici prism 2-3 is filled, it is recessed away from being provided with the first wideband polarization Amici prism 2mm along the exit direction of light
Lens 2-4, concavees lens 2-4 focal length are -30mm, and exit direction along light at concavees lens 2mm away from being provided with 1/2nd ripples
Piece 2-5, the exit direction along light is away from the second wideband polarization Amici prism 2-6 is provided with 1/2nd wave plate 2mm, second is wide
Wavelength with polarization splitting prism 2-6 and 1/2nd wave plate 2-5 and the first wideband polarization Amici prism 2-3 is identical, along
The exit direction of light is incident away from cemented doublet 2-7, cemented doublet 2-7 is provided with the second wideband polarization Amici prism 15mm
Face and cemented surface are that, to the raised convex surface of the opposite direction of light exit direction, light-emitting face is to the convex of light exit direction projection
Face, the radius of curvature of the plane of incidence is 124mm, and the radius of curvature of cemented surface is 31mm, and the radius of curvature of light-emitting face is -37mm,
Be coated with antireflective film on cemented doublet the 2-7 plane of incidence and exit facet, along the exit direction of light away from cemented doublet 3mm at
Liquid lens 2-8 is installed, the liquid lens 2-8 planes of incidence are that concave surface, exit facet are plane, the radius of curvature of the plane of incidence for-
45mm.First wideband polarization Amici prism 2-3, concavees lens 2-4,1/2nd ripples are passed through by laser incoming fibre-optical splice 2-1
After piece 2-5, the second wideband polarization Amici prism 2-6, cemented doublet 2-7 are collimated and expanded, then it is saturating by adjusting liquid
Mirror 2-8, makes Laser Focusing or diverging, untill generation meets cold atom cloud condition.
The annexation of other parts and parts is same as Example 1.
Embodiment 3
In embodiment 1, lens barrel 2-2 on one end end cap of vacuum chamber 1 away from being provided with fibre-optical splice 2-1, fibre-optical splice
2-1 is connected by optical fiber 4 with the first fiber optic splitter 5, along the exit direction of light away from peace at fibre-optical splice 20mm in lens barrel 2-2
The first wideband polarization Amici prism 2-3 is filled, it is recessed away from being provided with the first wideband polarization Amici prism 7mm along the exit direction of light
Lens 2-4, concavees lens 2-4 focal length are -30mm, and exit direction along light at concavees lens 7mm away from being provided with 1/2nd ripples
Piece 2-5, the exit direction along light is away from the second wideband polarization Amici prism 2-6 is provided with 1/2nd wave plate 7mm, second is wide
Wavelength with polarization splitting prism 2-6 and 1/2nd wave plate 2-5 and the first wideband polarization Amici prism 2-3 is identical, along
The exit direction of light at the second wideband polarization Amici prism 100mm away from cemented doublet 2-7 is provided with, and cemented doublet 2-7 enters
It is that, to the raised convex surface of the opposite direction of light exit direction, light-emitting face is to the convex of light exit direction projection to penetrate face and cemented surface
Face, the radius of curvature of the plane of incidence is 124mm, and the radius of curvature of cemented surface is 31mm, and the radius of curvature of light-emitting face is -37mm,
Antireflective film is coated with cemented doublet the 2-7 plane of incidence and exit facet, along the exit direction of light away from cemented doublet 10mm
Place is provided with liquid lens 2-8, and the liquid lens 2-8 planes of incidence are that concave surface, exit facet are plane, the radius of curvature of the plane of incidence for-
60mm.First wideband polarization Amici prism 2-3, concavees lens 2-4,1/2nd ripples are passed through by laser incoming fibre-optical splice 2-1
After piece 2-5, the second wideband polarization Amici prism 2-6, cemented doublet 2-7 are collimated and expanded, then it is saturating by adjusting liquid
Mirror 2-8, makes Laser Focusing or diverging, untill generation meets cold atom cloud sample condition.
The annexation of other parts and parts is same as Example 1.
Claims (7)
1. one kind is used for atomic clock collimator and extender spot diameter converting means, it is characterised in that：Laser optical system (6) passes through light
Fine (4) are connected with the first fiber optic splitter (5) and the second fiber optic splitter (7) respectively, and atom is provided with vacuum chamber (1)
Transmitter (3), the ccd image sensor (9) corresponding with atomic emissions device (3), 3 to penetrating unit, collimated to penetrating unit by A
Expand spot diameter converter (2) and B collimator and extender spot diameter converters (8) are constituted, A collimator and extender spot diameter converters
(2) it is arranged on B collimator and extender spot diameter converters (8) to penetrating on vacuum tank body wall and optical axis coincidence, 3 to penetrating unit
Optical axis is met at a bit, and the intersection point is located in the cavity of vacuum chamber (1), A collimator and extender spot diameter converters (2) and B collimations
The structure for expanding spot diameter converter (8) is identical, and A collimator and extender spot diameter converters (2) pass through optical fiber (4) and the first light
Fine beam splitter (5) is connected, and B collimator and extender spot diameter converters (8) are connected by optical fiber (4) with the second fiber optic splitter (7)；
Described laser optical system (6) structure is：Laser controller is connected with laser, a laser part for laser output
The frequency of laser is locked into saturation-absorption spectrum device and laser controller, another part passes through acousto-optic modulator, is input to
Fiber coupler.
2. atomic clock collimator and extender spot diameter converting means according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Described 3
It it is 120 ° or 90 ° to penetrating angle of the optical axis of unit in three dimensions each other.
3. atomic clock collimator and extender spot diameter converting means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described A is accurate
The structure of DS beam spot diameter converter (2) is：One end end of the lens barrel (2-2) away from vacuum chamber is provided with fibre-optical splice
In (2-1), lens barrel (2-2) the first wideband polarization Amici prism (2-3), concavees lens (2- are set gradually along the transmission direction of light
4), 1/2nd wave plates (2-5), the second wideband polarization Amici prism (2-6), cemented doublet (2-7), liquid lens (2-8).
4. atomic clock collimator and extender spot diameter converting means according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Described first
The distance between wideband polarization Amici prism (2-3) and fibre-optical splice (2-1) are 9~20mm, the first wideband polarization Amici prism
The distance between (2-3) and concavees lens (2-4) are 2~7mm, between described concavees lens (2-4) and 1/2nd wave plates (2-5)
Distance be 2~7mm, the distance between described 1/2nd wave plates (2-5) and second wideband polarization Amici prism (2-6) are
2~7mm, the distance between the second described wideband polarization Amici prism (2-6) and cemented doublet (2-7) are 15~100mm,
The distance between described cemented doublet (2-7) and liquid lens (2-8) are 3~10mm.
5. atomic clock collimator and extender spot diameter converting means according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Described is recessed
The focal length of mirror (2-4) is -30mm~-80mm.
6. atomic clock collimator and extender spot diameter converting means according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Described liquid
Lens (2-8) plane of incidence is that concave surface, exit facet are plane, and the radius of curvature of the plane of incidence is -45mm~-60mm.
7. atomic clock collimator and extender spot diameter converting means according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Described first
The wavelength phase of wideband polarization Amici prism (2-3) and 1/2nd wave plates (2-5) and the second wideband polarization Amici prism (2-6)
Together.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710363714.2A CN107065503B (en) | 2017-05-22 | 2017-05-22 | For atomic clock collimator and extender spot diameter converting means |
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| CN201710363714.2A CN107065503B (en) | 2017-05-22 | 2017-05-22 | For atomic clock collimator and extender spot diameter converting means |
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| CN107065503B CN107065503B (en) | 2019-05-03 |
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| CN109884872A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-06-14 | 中国科学院国家授时中心 | The optical mechanical apparatus of New Two Dimensional Magneto-Optical Trap |
| CN110411994A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-11-05 | 中国科学院国家授时中心 | Improve the detection device of optical signal stability |
| CN113655700A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-11-16 | 中国计量科学研究院 | Miniature main laser light path device applied to cold atom fountain clock and adjusting method |
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| CN113655700A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-11-16 | 中国计量科学研究院 | Miniature main laser light path device applied to cold atom fountain clock and adjusting method |
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| CN107065503B (en) | 2019-05-03 |
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