CN107065503B - For atomic clock collimator and extender spot diameter converting means - Google Patents
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- CN107065503B CN107065503B CN201710363714.2A CN201710363714A CN107065503B CN 107065503 B CN107065503 B CN 107065503B CN 201710363714 A CN201710363714 A CN 201710363714A CN 107065503 B CN107065503 B CN 107065503B
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- collimator
- extender
- spot diameter
- laser
- amici prism
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- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04F—TIME-INTERVAL MEASURING
- G04F5/00—Apparatus for producing preselected time intervals for use as timing standards
- G04F5/14—Apparatus for producing preselected time intervals for use as timing standards using atomic clocks
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
- G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
- G02B27/095—Refractive optical elements
- G02B27/0955—Lenses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
- G02B27/283—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for beam splitting or combining
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/30—Collimators
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
- Lasers (AREA)
Abstract
One kind being used for atomic clock collimator and extender spot diameter converting means, laser optical system is connected with the first fiber optic splitter and the second fiber optic splitter respectively by optical fiber, atomic emissions device is provided on vacuum chamber, ccd image sensor corresponding with atomic emissions device, at least one is to penetrating unit, it is made of to unit is penetrated A collimator and extender spot diameter converter and B collimator and extender spot diameter converter, A collimator and extender spot diameter converter and B collimator and extender spot diameter converter are mounted on vacuum tank body wall and optical axis coincidence to penetrating, A collimator and extender spot diameter converter is connected by optical fiber with the first fiber optic splitter, B collimator and extender spot diameter converter is connected by optical fiber with the second fiber optic splitter, the laser optical system is that laser controller is connected with laser, the laser of laser output successively passes through Supersaturated absorption spectrum device and acousto-optic modulator, are input to fiber coupler.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to optical devices technologies fields, and in particular to become to a kind of for atomic clock collimator and extender spot diameter
Changing device.
Background technique
Current atom clock cold atom cloud sample is generally used Magneto-Optical Trap technology and is prepared.Magneto-Optical Trap technology generally uses
Six beam laser are matched with magnetic field to complete.Six beam laser pass through respective collimator and extender lens barrel 2-2 respectively, enter magnetic
In ligh trap, capture atomic region is formed with corresponding magnetic field and prepares cold atom sample to capture atom.The stabilization of atomic clock
The number of degree and accuracy index request cold atom sample is as more as possible, and density is as small as possible.This requires do not change as far as possible
Under the premise of capturing atom number, expand the volume (shape for changing atomic group) of atomic group.
Current atom clock (expands atomic group volume simultaneously, guarantee atomic group invariable number) in preparing cold atom sample
Two ways is mainly used, expands laser optics parameter (frequency and power) one is six beams of change to reach and change atomic group shape
The purpose of shape, to reduce the density of atomic group.The advantages of this mode is that not change laser opposite with collimator and extender microscope group
Position, there is no movements mechanically, it is ensured that laser passes through the directionality after collimator and extender lens barrel, but this mode
The disadvantage is that increasing atomic clock optical system complexity.(atomic clock opticator function is the frequency realized to six beam laser
Rate and power manipulate) another mode is to change the relative position of collimation lens set inside laser and collimator and extender lens barrel, from
And change the light intensity after collimator and extender lens barrel, to achieve the purpose that change atomic group shape, this mode is without changing six beams
The optical parameter of laser, but need to change the relative position inside laser and collimator and extender lens barrel between collimation lens set, it deposits
In mechanical movement, it is unable to directionality of the strict guarantee laser after collimator and extender lens barrel.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in existing atomic clock cold atom sample preparation apparatus is overcome, mention
For it is a kind of design directionality that is reasonable, easy to operate, guaranteeing laser for atomic clock collimator and extender spot diameter converting means.
Solve above-mentioned technical problem used by technical solution be: laser optical system by optical fiber respectively with the first optical fiber
Beam splitter and the second fiber optic splitter are connected, and atomic emissions device, corresponding with atomic emissions device is provided on vacuum chamber
Ccd image sensor, 3 to penetrating unit, it is straight by A collimator and extender spot diameter converter and B collimator and extender hot spot to unit is penetrated
Diameter converter is constituted, and A collimator and extender spot diameter converter and B collimator and extender spot diameter converter are mounted on vacuum tank to penetrating
On body wall and optical axis coincidence, A collimator and extender spot diameter converter is identical with the structure of B collimator and extender spot diameter converter,
3 meet at some the optical axis for penetrating unit, which is located in the cavity of vacuum chamber, A collimator and extender spot diameter converter
It is connected by optical fiber with the first fiber optic splitter, B collimator and extender spot diameter converter passes through optical fiber and the second fiber optic splitter
It is connected；
The laser optical system structure are as follows: laser controller is connected with laser, and laser one of laser output
Divide the frequency for entering saturation-absorption spectrum device and laser controller locking laser, another part passes through acousto-optic modulator, inputs
To fiber coupler.
As a kind of perferred technical scheme, 3 are in the mutual angle of three-dimensional space to the optical axis for penetrating unit
120 ° or 90 °.
As a kind of perferred technical scheme, the structure of the A collimator and extender spot diameter converter are as follows: lens barrel is separate
One end end of vacuum tubings is provided with fibre-optical splice, sets gradually the first wideband polarization along the transmission direction of light in lens barrel and divides
Light prism, concavees lens, half wave plate, the second wideband polarization Amici prism, cemented doublet, liquid lens.
As a kind of perferred technical scheme, the distance between the first wideband polarization Amici prism and fibre-optical splice
For 9~20mm, the distance between the first wideband polarization Amici prism and concavees lens are 2~7mm, concavees lens and two/
The distance between one wave plate is 2~7mm, and the distance between the half wave plate and the second wideband polarization Amici prism are
2~7mm, the distance between the second wideband polarization Amici prism and cemented doublet are 15~100mm, double glue
Closing the distance between lens and liquid lens 2-8 is 3~10mm.
As a kind of perferred technical scheme, the focal length of the concavees lens is -30mm~-80mm.
As a kind of perferred technical scheme, the liquid lens plane of incidence is concave surface, exit facet is plane, the plane of incidence
Radius of curvature be -45mm~-60mm.
As a kind of perferred technical scheme, the first wideband polarization Amici prism and half wave plate and
The wavelength of two wideband polarization Amici prisms is identical.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
The present invention uses A collimator and extender spot diameter converter and B collimator and extender spot diameter converter to penetrating, to vacuum
Atom in cabinet is acted on, A collimator and extender spot diameter converter using the first wideband polarization Amici prism, concavees lens,
Half wave plate, the second wideband polarization Amici prism, cemented doublet are collimated and are expanded, and cold atom sample body is being changed
When product, do not change the frequency and power of cooling Trapping of Atoms laser, reduces answering for cooling imprison cold atom sample optical system
Polygamy, improves the stability of optical system, and cemented doublet guarantees the collimation of shoot laser, using liquid lens to right
Shoot laser is focused or dissipates, and has and adjusts simply, and easy to operate, mechanical movement is not present in the present invention, ensure that outgoing
The directionality of hot spot reduces a possibility that cold atom sample number is reduced.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of laser optical system 6 in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of A collimator and extender spot diameter converter 2 in Fig. 1.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but the present invention is not limited to following embodiment party
Formula.
Embodiment 1
In Fig. 1, the present embodiment is used for atomic clock collimator and extender spot diameter converting means by vacuum chamber 1, atom
Transmitter 3, optical fiber 4, the first fiber optic splitter 5, laser optical system 6, the second fiber optic splitter 7, ccd image sensor 9,
It is connected and composed to unit is penetrated.
On 1 side wall of vacuum chamber with screw threads for fastening connector be fixedly connected with atomic emissions device 3 and with atomic emissions device 3
Corresponding ccd image sensor 9 and 3 are to unit is penetrated, and ccd image sensor 9 is for observing cold atom in vacuum chamber 1
Group's shape, to penetrating unit by the identical A collimator and extender spot diameter converter 2 of structure and B collimator and extender spot diameter converter
8 are constituted, and A collimator and extender spot diameter converter 2 and B collimator and extender spot diameter converter 8 are mounted on 1 wall of vacuum chamber to penetrating
Upper and optical axis coincidence, 3 meet at some the optical axis for penetrating unit, which is located in the chamber of vacuum chamber 1, in three dimensions
3 are 120 ° to the mutual angle of cell optic axis is penetrated, or 90 °, laser optical system 6 by optical fiber 4 respectively with
First fiber optic splitter 5 is connected with the second fiber optic splitter 7, and the first fiber optic splitter 5 is expanded with 3 A collimations respectively by optical fiber 4
Beam spot diameter converter 2 is connected, and the second fiber optic splitter 7 is converted with 3 B collimator and extender spot diameters respectively by optical fiber 4
Device 8 is connected.Atomic emissions device 3 emits atom into vacuum chamber 1, and laser optical system 6 launches the laser that wavelength is 780nm
Divide by the first fiber optic splitter 5 and respectively enter 3 A collimator and extender spot diameter converters 2 for 3 beams, while passing through the second light
Fine beam splitter 7, which divides, respectively enters 3 B collimator and extender spot diameter converters 8 for 3 beams, and light beam is after collimator and extender and transformation
The temperature of atomic group is reduced and under the cooperation in corresponding magnetic field with the atomic interaction being emitted in vacuum tank chamber, and capture is former
Son forms cold atom cloud.
In Fig. 2, the laser optical system 6 of the present embodiment by laser controller, laser, saturation-absorption spectrum device,
Acousto-optic modulator, fiber coupler connect and compose, and laser controller is connected with laser, and the laser of laser output is a part of defeated
Enter saturation-absorption spectrum device, laser controller and saturation-absorption spectrum device are used to the working frequency of laser being locked in phase
It answers in the frequency of atom, laser another part of laser output is input to fiber coupler, optical fiber coupling by acousto-optic modulator
Clutch is connected by optical fiber 4 with the first fiber optic splitter 5 and the second fiber optic splitter 7.
In Fig. 3, the A collimator and extender spot diameter converter 2 of the present embodiment is by fibre-optical splice 2-1, lens barrel 2-2, first
Wideband polarization Amici prism 2-3, concavees lens 2-4, half wave plate 2-5, the second wideband polarization Amici prism 2-6, double gluings
Lens 2-7, liquid lens 2-8 are connected and composed.
Lens barrel 2-2 passes through optical fiber 4 far from fibre-optical splice 2-1, fibre-optical splice 2-1 is provided on 1 one end end cap of vacuum chamber
It is connected with the first fiber optic splitter 5, it is inclined away from the first broadband is installed at fibre-optical splice 15mm along the exit direction of light in lens barrel 2-2
Shake Amici prism 2-3, and exit direction along light is recessed away from being equipped with concavees lens 2-4 at the first wideband polarization Amici prism 5mm
The focal length of lens 2-4 is -50mm, exit direction along light away from being equipped with half wave plate 2-5 at concavees lens 5mm, along
The exit direction of light is divided away from the second wideband polarization Amici prism 2-6, the second wideband polarization is equipped at half wave plate 5mm
The wavelength of prism 2-6 and half wave plate 2-5 and the first wideband polarization Amici prism 2-3 are identical, along the outgoing side of light
Cemented doublet 2-7, the cemented doublet 2-7 plane of incidence and gluing are installed at away from the second wideband polarization Amici prism 60mm
Face is to the convex surface of the opposite direction protrusion of light exit direction, and light-emitting face is to the convex surface of light exit direction protrusion, the plane of incidence
Radius of curvature be 124mm, the radius of curvature of cemented surface is 31mm, and the radius of curvature of light-emitting face is -37mm, it is double it is glued thoroughly
It is coated with antireflective film on the plane of incidence and exit facet of mirror 2-7, the exit direction along light at cemented doublet 7mm away from being equipped with
Liquid lens 2-8, the liquid lens 2-8 plane of incidence is concave surface, exit facet is plane, and the radius of curvature of the plane of incidence is -50mm.By light
Fine connector 2-1 incoming laser is only allowed by the first wideband polarization Amici prism 2-3, the first wideband polarization Amici prism 2-3
Laser passes through perpendicular to the polarization state vertical component of its plane of incidence, will be eliminated by the horizontal component introduced by optical fiber, plays inspection
Inclined effect, laser are further dissipated by concavees lens 2-4, and the laser of diverging is by the polarization of half wave plate 2-5 and second
Laser polarization state direction can be changed by rotation half wave plate 2-5 in Amici prism 6, and the second polarization splitting prism 2-6 is then
It is the effect of analyzing, the output power of half wave plate 2-5 and the second polarization splitting prism 2-6 control laser, by second
The divergencing laser of polarization splitting prism 2-6 passes through cemented doublet 2-7, is collimated, and guarantees that the laser quasi of outgoing is straightforward, then lead to
Liquid lens 2-8 is overregulated, so that laser is focused or is dissipated, until generation meets cold atom cloud sample condition.
Embodiment 2
In embodiment 1, lens barrel 2-2 is far from being provided with fibre-optical splice 2-1, fibre-optical splice on 1 one end end cap of vacuum chamber
2-1 is connected by optical fiber 4 with the first fiber optic splitter 5, along the exit direction of light away from peace at fibre-optical splice 9mm in lens barrel 2-2
The first wideband polarization Amici prism 2-3 is filled, it is recessed away from being equipped at the first wideband polarization Amici prism 2mm along the exit direction of light
The focal length of lens 2-4, concavees lens 2-4 are -30mm, and exit direction along light is away from being equipped with half wave at concavees lens 2mm
Piece 2-5, exit direction along light is away from being equipped with the second wideband polarization Amici prism 2-6 at half wave plate 2mm, and second
The wavelength of wideband polarization Amici prism 2-6 and half wave plate 2-5 and the first wideband polarization Amici prism 2-3 are identical, edge
Light exit direction away from cemented doublet 2-7 is equipped at the second wideband polarization Amici prism 15mm, cemented doublet 2-7 enters
It penetrates face and cemented surface is to the convex surface of the opposite direction protrusion of light exit direction, light-emitting face is to the convex of light exit direction protrusion
Face, the radius of curvature of the plane of incidence are 124mm, and the radius of curvature of cemented surface is 31mm, and the radius of curvature of light-emitting face is -37mm,
Be coated with antireflective film on the plane of incidence and exit facet of cemented doublet 2-7, along the exit direction of light away from cemented doublet 3mm at
Liquid lens 2-8 is installed, the liquid lens 2-8 plane of incidence is concave surface, exit facet is plane, the radius of curvature of the plane of incidence is-
45mm.The laser being passed to by fibre-optical splice 2-1 is by the first wideband polarization Amici prism 2-3, concavees lens 2-4, half wave
After piece 2-5, the second wideband polarization Amici prism 2-6, cemented doublet 2-7 are collimated and are expanded, then it is saturating by adjusting liquid
Mirror 2-8 makes laser focus or dissipate, until generation meets cold atom cloud condition.
The connection relationship of other components and components is same as Example 1.
Embodiment 3
In embodiment 1, lens barrel 2-2 is far from being provided with fibre-optical splice 2-1, fibre-optical splice on 1 one end end cap of vacuum chamber
2-1 is connected by optical fiber 4 with the first fiber optic splitter 5, along the exit direction of light away from peace at fibre-optical splice 20mm in lens barrel 2-2
The first wideband polarization Amici prism 2-3 is filled, it is recessed away from being equipped at the first wideband polarization Amici prism 7mm along the exit direction of light
The focal length of lens 2-4, concavees lens 2-4 are -30mm, and exit direction along light is away from being equipped with half wave at concavees lens 7mm
Piece 2-5, for the exit direction along light away from the second wideband polarization Amici prism 2-6 is equipped at half wave plate 7mm, second is wide
Wavelength with polarization splitting prism 2-6 and half wave plate 2-5 and the first wideband polarization Amici prism 2-3 is identical, along
Away from cemented doublet 2-7 is equipped at the second wideband polarization Amici prism 100mm, cemented doublet 2-7 enters the exit direction of light
It penetrates face and cemented surface is to the convex surface of the opposite direction protrusion of light exit direction, light-emitting face is to the convex of light exit direction protrusion
Face, the radius of curvature of the plane of incidence are 124mm, and the radius of curvature of cemented surface is 31mm, and the radius of curvature of light-emitting face is -37mm,
It is coated with antireflective film on the plane of incidence and exit facet of cemented doublet 2-7, along the exit direction of light away from cemented doublet 10mm
Place is equipped with liquid lens 2-8, and the liquid lens 2-8 plane of incidence is concave surface, exit facet is plane, and the radius of curvature of the plane of incidence is-
60mm.The laser being passed to by fibre-optical splice 2-1 is by the first wideband polarization Amici prism 2-3, concavees lens 2-4, half wave
After piece 2-5, the second wideband polarization Amici prism 2-6, cemented doublet 2-7 are collimated and are expanded, then it is saturating by adjusting liquid
Mirror 2-8 makes laser focus or dissipate, until generation meets cold atom cloud sample condition.
The connection relationship of other components and components is same as Example 1.
Claims (6)
1. one kind is used for atomic clock collimator and extender spot diameter converting means, it is characterised in that: laser optical system (6) passes through light
Fine (4) are connected with the first fiber optic splitter (5) and the second fiber optic splitter (7) respectively, are provided with atom on vacuum chamber (1)
Transmitter (3), ccd image sensor corresponding with atomic emissions device (3) (9), 3 to unit is penetrated, collimated to unit is penetrated by A
It expands spot diameter converter (2) and B collimator and extender spot diameter converter (8) is constituted, A collimator and extender spot diameter converter
(2) it is mounted on vacuum tank body wall and optical axis coincidence with B collimator and extender spot diameter converter (8) to penetrating, 3 to penetrating unit
Optical axis is met at a bit, which is located in the cavity of vacuum chamber (1), A collimator and extender spot diameter converter (2) and B collimation
The structure for expanding spot diameter converter (8) is identical, and A collimator and extender spot diameter converter (2) passes through optical fiber (4) and the first light
Fine beam splitter (5) is connected, and B collimator and extender spot diameter converter (8) is connected by optical fiber (4) with the second fiber optic splitter (7)；
Described laser optical system (6) structure are as follows: laser controller is connected with laser, laser a part of laser output
Into the frequency of saturation-absorption spectrum device and laser controller locking laser, another part passes through acousto-optic modulator, is input to
Fiber coupler；The structure of the A collimator and extender spot diameter converter (2) are as follows: the one of the separate vacuum chamber of lens barrel (2-2)
End end is provided with fibre-optical splice (2-1), and the transmission direction in lens barrel (2-2) along light sets gradually the light splitting of the first wideband polarization
Prism (2-3), concavees lens (2-4), half wave plate (2-5), the second wideband polarization Amici prism (2-6), cemented doublet
(2-7), liquid lens (2-8).
2. atomic clock collimator and extender spot diameter converting means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described 3
It is 120 ° or 90 ° to the optical axis of unit is penetrated in the mutual angle of three-dimensional space.
3. atomic clock collimator and extender spot diameter converting means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described first
The distance between wideband polarization Amici prism (2-3) and fibre-optical splice (2-1) are 9~20mm, the first wideband polarization Amici prism
The distance between (2-3) and concavees lens (2-4) are 2~7mm, between the concavees lens (2-4) and half wave plate (2-5)
Distance be 2~7mm, the distance between the half wave plate (2-5) and the second wideband polarization Amici prism (2-6) are
2~7mm, the distance between the second wideband polarization Amici prism (2-6) and cemented doublet (2-7) are 15~100mm,
The distance between described cemented doublet (2-7) and liquid lens (2-8) are 3~10mm.
4. atomic clock collimator and extender spot diameter converting means according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described is recessed
The focal length of mirror (2-4) is -30mm~-80mm.
5. atomic clock collimator and extender spot diameter converting means according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the liquid
Lens (2-8) plane of incidence is concave surface, exit facet is plane, and the radius of curvature of the plane of incidence is -45mm~-60mm.
6. atomic clock collimator and extender spot diameter converting means according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described first
The wavelength phase of wideband polarization Amici prism (2-3) and half wave plate (2-5) and the second wideband polarization Amici prism (2-6)
Together.
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| CN201710363714.2A CN107065503B (en) | 2017-05-22 | 2017-05-22 | For atomic clock collimator and extender spot diameter converting means |
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| CN201710363714.2A CN107065503B (en) | 2017-05-22 | 2017-05-22 | For atomic clock collimator and extender spot diameter converting means |
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| CN109884872B (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2024-04-26 | 中国科学院国家授时中心 | Optical machine device of two-dimensional magneto-optical trap |
| CN110411994B (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2024-09-17 | 中国科学院国家授时中心 | Detection device for improving stability of optical signal |
| CN113655700B (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2022-09-13 | 中国计量科学研究院 | Miniature main laser light path device applied to cold atom fountain clock and adjusting method |
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| JP2004091817A (en) * | 2002-08-29 | 2004-03-25 | National Institute For Materials Science | Method for forming nanoparticle, and method for manufacturing nanoparticle diffusion material |
| CN1333622C (en) * | 2004-12-02 | 2007-08-22 | 清华大学 | Cold atomic beam generating method and device |
| CN101592843B (en) * | 2009-06-19 | 2010-10-20 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Dual magneto-optical trap system |
| CN102538775B (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2014-08-06 | 清华大学 | Cold atom beam interference gyro device |
| CN102681433B (en) * | 2012-05-04 | 2014-06-25 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Non-adiabatic transferring device of cold atomic group and transferring method thereof |
| CN103700417B (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2015-12-09 | 北京航天时代光电科技有限公司 | A kind of two-dimensional magnetic optical trap system |
| CN104464869B (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2017-06-16 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Fold light path laser cooling and trapping atomses device |
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