CN107033394A - 一种生物降解农用地膜新材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种生物降解农用地膜新材料,所述新材料包括以下质量份的组分:淀粉10‑15份、蛋白粉5‑10份、引发剂1‑2份、交联剂3‑7份、羟甲基纤维素15‑25份、去离子水25‑45份、相容剂1‑3份、氢氧化钾5‑10份、油1‑3份、稀土20‑30份、防冻剂2‑8份、草木灰12‑16份、碳酸钾5‑7份、聚烯烃纱2‑6份、光敏剂3‑5份。本发明通过电极诱导方式激活了材料本体内的降解分子的活力,使得该新材料具有良好功能性作用,材料的配方简单、价格低廉,且制备工艺简单,实现了节约成本与减少劳动强度,满足实际使用要求。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种生物降解农用地膜新材料及其制备方法,属于新材料及制备工艺技术领域。
背景技术
新材料是指新近发展的或正在研发的、性能超群的一些材料,具有比传统材料更为优异的性能。新材料技术则是按照人的意志,通过物理研究、材料设计、材料加工、试验评价等一系列研究过程,创造出能满足各种需要的新型材料的技术。随着科学技术发展,人们在传统材料的基础上,根据现代科技的研究成果,开发出新材料。新材料按组分为金属材料、无机非金属材料(如陶瓷、砷化镓半导体等)、有机高分子材料、先进复合材料四大类。按材料性能分为结构材料和功能材料。结构材料主要是利用材料的力学和理化性能,以满足高强度、高刚度、高硬度、耐高温、耐磨、耐蚀、抗辐照等性能要求;功能材料主要是利用材料具有的电、磁、声、光热等效应, 以实现某种功能,如半导体材料、磁性材料、光敏材料、热敏材料、隐身材料和制造原子弹、氢弹的核材料等。新材料在国防建设上作用重大。例如,超纯硅、砷化镓研制成功,导致大规模和超大规模集成电路的诞生,使计算机运算速度从每秒几十万次提高到每秒百亿次以上;航空发动机材料的工作温度每提高100℃,推力可增大24%;隐身材料能吸收电磁波或降低武器装备的红外辐射,使敌方探测系统难以发现等等。21世纪科技发展的主要方向之一是新材料的研制和应用。新材料的研究,是人类对物质性质认识和应用向更深层次的进军。
新材料的研究一直是我国科研项目的主体,如果能够研发一款成分简单、原料廉价,且能够达到良好效果的新材料配方及流程简单的制备工艺,将是人类的一大贡献。
发明内容
本发明正是针对现有技术存在的不足,提供一种生物降解农用地膜新材料及其制备方法,该新材料具有良好功能性作用,材料的配方简单、价格低廉,且制备工艺简单,实现了节约成本与减少劳动强度,满足实际使用要求。
为解决上述问题,本发明所采取的技术方案如下:
一种生物降解农用地膜新材料,所述新材料包括以下质量份的组分:淀粉10-15份、蛋白粉5-10份、引发剂1-2份、交联剂3-7份、羟甲基纤维素15-25份、去离子水25-45份、相容剂1-3份、氢氧化钾5-10份、油1-3份、稀土20-30份、防冻剂2-8份、草木灰12-16份、碳酸钾5-7份、聚烯烃纱2-6份、光敏剂3-5份。
作为上述技术方案的改进,所述新材料的质量份的组分为淀粉12份、蛋白粉8份、引发剂1.5份、交联剂5份、羟甲基纤维素20份、去离子水35份、相容剂2份、氢氧化钾8份、油2份、稀土25份、防冻剂5份、草木灰14份、碳酸钾6份、聚烯烃纱4份、光敏剂4份。
具体地,所述一种生物降解农用地膜新材料的制备方法如下:
步骤(1):将上述淀粉、蛋白粉、引发剂、去离子水、相容剂、氢氧化钾、油、防冻剂、草木灰、碳酸钾、聚烯烃纱、光敏剂按比例加入到高速搅拌机中,搅拌过程中分两次加入配备好的增粘剂,搅拌机转速800-1000rpm,使混合材料温度升到135℃;
步骤(2):将步骤(1)中高速搅拌机中的材料放出,加入到低速搅拌机中降温,同时加入经预热处理的羟甲基纤维素和稀土,当温度降到55度时加入相容剂,再搅拌8-12分钟,混合均匀后出料;
步骤(3):对步骤(2)制得的混合物进行等离子电极诱导;
其中,所述等离子电极诱导为:将步骤(2)获得的混合物置入等离子体装置的下电极介质上,电压28kV,电流2.8mA、间隙2mm的操作条件下照射25~45秒;
步骤(4):将步骤(3)处理的材料放入单螺杆挤出机中,塑化温度135-175℃转速24-32rpm,经过两次热压成型,再经风冷即得本发明材料。
本发明与现有技术相比较,本发明的实施效果如下:
本发明提供了一种生物降解农用地膜新材料及其制备方法,通过电极诱导方式激活了材料本体内的降解分子的活力,使得该新材料具有良好功能性作用,材料的配方简单、价格低廉,且制备工艺简单,实现了节约成本与减少劳动强度,满足实际使用要求。
附注:本发明制得的生物降解农用地膜新材料具极优良的耐紫外光、耐臭氧及耐化学特性、及增强了该导热材料长期压缩变形率低,抗张强度及断裂延伸率大。
具体实施方式
下面将结合具体的实施例来说明本发明的内容。
实施例1
一种生物降解农用地膜新材料,所述新材料包括以下质量份的组分:淀粉10份、蛋白粉5份、引发剂1份、交联剂3份、羟甲基纤维素15份、去离子水25份、相容剂1份、氢氧化钾5份、油1份、稀土20份、防冻剂2份、草木灰12份、碳酸钾5份、聚烯烃纱2份、光敏剂3份。
具体地,所述一种生物降解农用地膜新材料的制备方法如下:
步骤(1):将上述淀粉、蛋白粉、引发剂、去离子水、相容剂、氢氧化钾、油、防冻剂、草木灰、碳酸钾、聚烯烃纱、光敏剂按比例加入到高速搅拌机中,搅拌过程中分两次加入配备好的增粘剂,搅拌机转速800rpm,使混合材料温度升到135℃;
步骤(2):将步骤(1)中高速搅拌机中的材料放出,加入到低速搅拌机中降温,同时加入经预热处理的羟甲基纤维素和稀土,当温度降到55度时加入相容剂,再搅拌8分钟,混合均匀后出料;
步骤(3):对步骤(2)制得的混合物进行等离子电极诱导;
其中,所述等离子电极诱导为:将步骤(2)获得的混合物置入等离子体装置的下电极介质上,电压28kV,电流2.8mA、间隙2mm的操作条件下照射25秒;
步骤(4):将步骤(3)处理的材料放入单螺杆挤出机中,塑化温度135℃转速24rpm,经过两次热压成型,再经风冷即得本发明材料。
本发明提供了一种生物降解农用地膜新材料及其制备方法,通过电极诱导方式激活了材料本体内的降解分子的活力,使得该新材料具有良好功能性作用,材料的配方简单、价格低廉,且制备工艺简单,实现了节约成本与减少劳动强度,满足实际使用要求。
附注:本发明制得的生物降解农用地膜新材料具极优良的耐紫外光、耐臭氧及耐化学特性、及增强了该导热材料长期压缩变形率低,抗张强度及断裂延伸率大。
实施例2
一种生物降解农用地膜新材料,所述新材料包括以下质量份的组分:所述新材料的质量份的组分为淀粉12份、蛋白粉8份、引发剂1.5份、交联剂5份、羟甲基纤维素20份、去离子水35份、相容剂2份、氢氧化钾8份、油2份、稀土25份、防冻剂5份、草木灰14份、碳酸钾6份、聚烯烃纱4份、光敏剂4份。
具体地,所述一种生物降解农用地膜新材料的制备方法如下:
步骤(1):将上述淀粉、蛋白粉、引发剂、去离子水、相容剂、氢氧化钾、油、防冻剂、草木灰、碳酸钾、聚烯烃纱、光敏剂按比例加入到高速搅拌机中,搅拌过程中分两次加入配备好的增粘剂,搅拌机转速900rpm,使混合材料温度升到135℃;
步骤(2):将步骤(1)中高速搅拌机中的材料放出,加入到低速搅拌机中降温,同时加入经预热处理的羟甲基纤维素和稀土,当温度降到55度时加入相容剂,再搅拌10分钟,混合均匀后出料;
步骤(3):对步骤(2)制得的混合物进行等离子电极诱导;
其中,所述等离子电极诱导为:将步骤(2)获得的混合物置入等离子体装置的下电极介质上,电压28kV,电流2.8mA、间隙2mm的操作条件下照射35秒;
步骤(4):将步骤(3)处理的材料放入单螺杆挤出机中,塑化温度155℃转速28rpm,经过两次热压成型,再经风冷即得本发明材料。
本发明提供了一种生物降解农用地膜新材料及其制备方法,通过电极诱导方式激活了材料本体内的降解分子的活力,使得该新材料具有良好功能性作用,材料的配方简单、价格低廉,且制备工艺简单,实现了节约成本与减少劳动强度,满足实际使用要求。
附注:本发明制得的生物降解农用地膜新材料具极优良的耐紫外光、耐臭氧及耐化学特性、及增强了该导热材料长期压缩变形率低,抗张强度及断裂延伸率大。
实施例3
一种生物降解农用地膜新材料,所述新材料包括以下质量份的组分:淀粉15份、蛋白粉10份、引发剂2份、交联剂7份、羟甲基纤维素25份、去离子水45份、相容剂3份、氢氧化钾10份、油3份、稀土30份、防冻剂8份、草木灰16份、碳酸钾7份、聚烯烃纱6份、光敏剂5份。
具体地,所述一种生物降解农用地膜新材料的制备方法如下:
步骤(1):将上述淀粉、蛋白粉、引发剂、去离子水、相容剂、氢氧化钾、油、防冻剂、草木灰、碳酸钾、聚烯烃纱、光敏剂按比例加入到高速搅拌机中,搅拌过程中分两次加入配备好的增粘剂,搅拌机转速1000rpm,使混合材料温度升到135℃;
步骤(2):将步骤(1)中高速搅拌机中的材料放出,加入到低速搅拌机中降温,同时加入经预热处理的羟甲基纤维素和稀土,当温度降到55度时加入相容剂,再搅拌12分钟,混合均匀后出料;
步骤(3):对步骤(2)制得的混合物进行等离子电极诱导;
其中,所述等离子电极诱导为:将步骤(2)获得的混合物置入等离子体装置的下电极介质上,电压28kV,电流2.8mA、间隙2mm的操作条件下照射45秒;
步骤(4):将步骤(3)处理的材料放入单螺杆挤出机中,塑化温度175℃转速32rpm,经过两次热压成型,再经风冷即得本发明材料。
本发明提供了一种生物降解农用地膜新材料及其制备方法,通过电极诱导方式激活了材料本体内的降解分子的活力,使得该新材料具有良好功能性作用,材料的配方简单、价格低廉,且制备工艺简单,实现了节约成本与减少劳动强度,满足实际使用要求。
附注:本发明制得的生物降解农用地膜新材料具极优良的耐紫外光、耐臭氧及耐化学特性、及增强了该导热材料长期压缩变形率低,抗张强度及断裂延伸率大。
以上内容是结合具体的实施例对本发明所作的详细说明,不能认定本发明具体实施仅限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干简单推演或替换,都应当视为属于本发明保护的范围。
Claims (3)
1.一种生物降解农用地膜新材料,其特征在于:所述新材料包括以下质量份的组分:淀粉10-15份、蛋白粉5-10份、引发剂1-2份、交联剂3-7份、羟甲基纤维素15-25份、去离子水25-45份、相容剂1-3份、氢氧化钾5-10份、油1-3份、稀土20-30份、防冻剂2-8份、草木灰12-16份、碳酸钾5-7份、聚烯烃纱2-6份、光敏剂3-5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种生物降解农用地膜新材料,其特征在于:所述新材料的质量份的组分为淀粉12份、蛋白粉8份、引发剂1.5份、交联剂5份、羟甲基纤维素20份、去离子水35份、相容剂2份、氢氧化钾8份、油2份、稀土25份、防冻剂5份、草木灰14份、碳酸钾6份、聚烯烃纱4份、光敏剂4份。
3.根据权利要求1-2所述一种生物降解农用地膜新材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述制备方法如下:
步骤(1):将上述淀粉、蛋白粉、引发剂、去离子水、相容剂、氢氧化钾、油、防冻剂、草木灰、碳酸钾、聚烯烃纱、光敏剂按比例加入到高速搅拌机中,搅拌过程中分两次加入配备好的增粘剂,搅拌机转速800-1000rpm,使混合材料温度升到135℃;
步骤(2):将步骤(1)中高速搅拌机中的材料放出,加入到低速搅拌机中降温,同时加入经预热处理的羟甲基纤维素和稀土,当温度降到55度时加入相容剂,再搅拌8-12分钟,混合均匀后出料;
步骤(3):对步骤(2)制得的混合物进行等离子电极诱导;
其中,所述等离子电极诱导为:将步骤(2)获得的混合物置入等离子体装置的下电极介质上,电压28kV,电流2.8mA、间隙2mm的操作条件下照射25~45秒;
步骤(4):将步骤(3)处理的材料放入单螺杆挤出机中,塑化温度135-175℃转速24-32rpm,经过两次热压成型,再经风冷即得本发明材料。
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