CN107000323A - 用于制造电池单元的装置 - Google Patents

用于制造电池单元的装置 Download PDF

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CN107000323A
CN107000323A CN201580050265.5A CN201580050265A CN107000323A CN 107000323 A CN107000323 A CN 107000323A CN 201580050265 A CN201580050265 A CN 201580050265A CN 107000323 A CN107000323 A CN 107000323A
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electrode slice
separating film
separating
cell
breadth
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B.恩茨
S.莱格纳
B.施米德
M.绍普
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Manz AG
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    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0404Machines for assembling batteries
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/433Casing-in, i.e. enclosing an element between two sheets by an outlined seam
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/24Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight
    • B29C66/244Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being non-straight, e.g. forming non-closed contours
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/04Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the partial melting of at least one layer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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    • H01M10/0413Large-sized flat cells or batteries for motive or stationary systems with plate-like electrodes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C2791/00Shaping characteristics in general
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    • B29C2791/009Using laser
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2793/00Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation
    • B29C2793/009Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation after shaping
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C65/48Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
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    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7841Holding or clamping means for handling purposes
    • B29C65/7847Holding or clamping means for handling purposes using vacuum to hold at least one of the parts to be joined
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
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Abstract

用于制造带有电极堆叠的电池单元的装置,所述电极堆叠由至少一个半单元(18、18')制成,其中,所述半单元(18、18')由两个分离薄膜(11、15;11'、15')和布置在所述分离薄膜(11、15;11'、15')之间的凹口中的电极片(14、14')形成,其特征在于具有:用于第一分离薄膜幅面(11)的卷筒(22)的保持件;真空带(13),所述第一分离薄膜幅面(11)能够被置放到所述真空带上;用于将至少一个电极片(14)置放到所述第一分离薄膜幅面(11)上的操纵机构;用于第二分离薄膜幅面(15)的卷筒(21)的保持件;用于在所述电极片(14)的电化学起作用的区域之外连接所述两个分离薄膜(11、15)的机构(19);和用于从已连接的分离薄膜幅面(11、15)中切除半单元(18)的切割机构(20)。

Description

用于制造电池单元的装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于制造电池单元(Batteriezelle)的装置,所述电池单元具有堆叠的电极-和分离片。
背景技术
电池单元通常由由电极片、尤其阳极片和阴极片构成的堆叠构成,其中,在所述电极片之间设置有分离件。在此已知,通过将电极片和分离片放置在堆叠位置上来形成堆叠。在堆叠过程结束之后,已形成的堆叠通过夹持装置来固定或通过安置附加的粘结带保持在位置中。
备选地,通过放置电极片来进行堆叠形成,其中,所述分离件作为幅面物z形地在各个电极片之间进行穿引。在所述堆叠过程期间使得由电极片产生的堆叠以保持指来固定并且在所述堆叠结束之后通过施加附加的粘结带来固定。
此外已知的是,所述电极堆叠由带有布置在其之间的电极片的所谓的半单元来形成。每个半单元由两个分离片连同布置在所述两个分离片之间的电极片构成,所述分离片与电极片联合成可操纵的(handhabbaren)单元。所述半单元能够比松散的(lose)分离片操纵起来简单很多。迄今所述半单元通过以下方式来形成,即在两侧将分离片层压到电极片上。然而对于层压而言所需要的热改变所述分离件的物理性质。这能够导致,所述分离片的孔的一部分被封闭,由此所述电池单元的电化学性质只能以难以控制的方式来改变。
发明内容
因此本发明基于以下任务,即提出一种用于由至少一个半单元制造电池单元的装置,所述装置的使用不引起或仅些许引起所述分离件的物理性质的改变。
该任务通过具有权利要求1的特征的装置来解决。
所述装置的特征在于具有用于第一分离薄膜幅面的卷筒的保持件、真空带(所述第一分离薄膜幅面能够被置放到所述真空带上)、用于将至少一个电极片置放到所述第一分离薄膜幅面上的操纵机构、用于第二分离薄膜幅面的卷筒的保持件、用于在所述电极片的电化学起作用的区域之外连接所述两个分离薄膜的机构、和用于从已连接的分离薄膜幅面中切除(Ausschneiden)半单元的切割机构。
首先所述真空带保持并且运输所述第一分离薄膜幅面。接着被置放的电极片以及所述第二分离薄膜幅面同样由所述真空带保持并且一起运输,因为真空还穿过所述第一分离薄膜幅面的孔来吸住所述电极片和所述第二分离薄膜幅面。吸力在此足以对不同的层进行可靠定位,以用于所述两个分离薄膜幅面的连接和所述半单元的接着的切除。
在此所述切割机构优选能够是激光切割机构,所述激光切割机构能够切除不同成型的半单元。
用于连接所述分离薄膜的机构能够具有粘结剂施覆装置,以便能够形成用于在所述两个分离薄膜幅面之间的电极片的凹口(Taschen)。
备选地,用于连接所述分离薄膜的机构能够是激光焊接机构。用于所述电极片的凹口在该设计方案中通过焊缝来产生。在此所述激光焊接机构同时能够是所述激光切割机构。那么以相同的激光能够不仅形成所述凹口而且切除所述半单元。为此,激光功率、激光射束的聚焦以及激光的运动针对所述两个不同的任务来相应变化。
通过以下方式能够得到其它优点,即设置有用于对至少一个处于所述第二分离薄膜下方的电极片进行轮廓识别的机构,所述机构与用于连接所述分离薄膜的机构的控制器以及与所述切割机构的控制器连接。这样的机构实现所述电极片在所述第一分离薄膜幅面上的精确的位置的测定并由此实现用于所述电极片的凹口的精准形成以及所述半单元的精准切除。用于轮廓识别的机构在此能够优选是带有照明机构的相机。由此能够穿过多孔的第二分离薄膜幅面来清楚看出所述电极片。
本发明此外涉及根据本发明的装置用于通过制造至少一个半单元来制造电池单元的应用,所述电池单元具有堆叠的电极-和分离片,所述至少一个半单元由两个分离片和布置在所述两个分离片之间的电极片构成,其特征在于具有以下步骤:
a. 引入第一分离薄膜幅面;
b. 将至少一个电极片放置在所述第一分离薄膜幅面上;
c. 将第二分离薄膜幅面置放到所述至少一个电极片上;
d. 通过在所述电极片的电化学起作用的区域之外至少局部连接所述两个分离薄膜来形成用于所述至少一个电极片的凹口,并由此形成凹口边缘;
e. 沿着所述凹口边缘切割所述两个分离薄膜,并由此制造一个或多个半单元。
在所述装置的该应用中,不必加工预切割的分离片,而是加工能够操纵起来简单很多的分离薄膜幅面。所述电极片容纳于在所述分离薄膜之间的一类凹口中。所述电极片的电化学起作用的面在制造过程期间既不机械地也不以热来加载。所述分离薄膜在所述电极片的该区域中也不改变。因此能够制成带有可再现的电化学性质的电池单元。根据本发明的应用的另一个优点在于,能够使用带有最不同形状的电极片。在此如果所述凹口边缘以跟随所述电极片的外边缘的方式并且在所述电极片之外形成,则能够制成用于所述电极片的配合准确的凹口。为此优选地,所述凹口边缘能够相应以相对于电极片边缘成恒定间距伸延的方式来形成。
所述半单元的切除能够紧靠着(dicht am)用于所述电极片的凹口边缘来进行,从而能够产生仅带有小的薄膜超出部(Folienüberstand)的半单元。因此,在给定的包装的情况下几乎整个横截面能够由所述电极片来充填,并由此能够制造非常有效率的电池。
在步骤e中的切割能够优选借助于激光来进行。
对于所述两个分离薄膜的连接而言考虑不同的方法。在所述方法的第一设计方案中,在步骤c之前将粘结剂至少逐点地在所述电极片的电化学起作用的区域之外施覆到所述第一分离薄膜幅面上。在此,所述粘结剂也能够如下来施覆,即使得不仅所述两个分离薄膜相互连接,而且所述电极片与所述第一分离薄膜粘合。如果将粘结剂用于连接所述分离薄膜,则分离薄膜材料不必以层压材料(Laminat)或类似物来涂层,由此使所述分离薄膜幅面的制造变得简单。
在所述应用的备选的设计方案中,在步骤d中借助于激光焊接执行所述两个分离薄膜的连接。该变型方案也允许对于所述电极片的任意形状,因为所述片的轮廓能够以激光头来跟随。
附图说明
接下来参考附图更详细地描述用于制造用于生产电池单元的半单元的装置的两个优选实施例。
详细地:
图1示出朝用于制造半单元的第一装置的示意性的俯视图;
图2示出源自图1的装置的侧视图;
图3示出在以源自图2的装置将所述两个分离薄膜连接之后,凹口连同电极片的细节视图;
图4示出以源自图2的装置切除半单元的细节视图;
图5示出在以第二装置进行制造的情况下朝分离薄膜幅面和电极片的俯视图;
图6示出朝以所述第二装置制成的半单元的俯视图;
图7示出穿过源自图6的半单元的放大的部分剖面。
具体实施方式
源自图1和2的装置10实现根据第一方法制造半单元。首先将第一分离薄膜幅面11沿箭头方向12引入给可从图2中看出的真空带13。接着将电极片14置放到所述第一分离薄膜幅面11上并且同样由所述真空带13以穿过所述第一分离薄膜幅面的方式被一起吸住。然后将第二分离薄膜幅面15经由转向卷筒16来引入。所述分离薄膜幅面15也通过所述真空带13来固定。接着在步骤16中进行所述两个分离薄膜幅面11、15的连接并且在步骤17中进行所完成的半单元18的切除。
如图2所阐明的那样,为了连接所述两个分离薄膜幅面11、15而设置有机构19,所述机构19对于该装置而言是激光机构。所述半单元18的切除以激光切割机构20来进行。此外在图2中示出用于所述分离薄膜幅面11、15的储备卷筒21、22、用于所述电极片14的取出库23以及用于所完成的半单元的库24。
图3示出在步骤16中的连接过程之后穿过所述分离薄膜11、15和所述电极片14的剖面。所述焊缝25邻近地(unmittelbar)处于所述电极片14的缘边旁边,这也能够从图4中看出,图4示出在切割过程之后所完成的半单元18的缘边。切割缘边26处于以恒定间距d离开所述电极片14的外缘边。由此产生半单元18,其尺寸仅轻微地(unwesentlich)大于所述电极片14的尺寸。
图5示出借助于第二装置的、用于半单元18'(图6)的备选的制造方法。在该方法的情况下,又将电极片14'置放到第一分离薄膜幅面11'上。然而接着在置放所述第二分离薄膜幅面之前(未示出),沿着所述电极片14'的周缘线至少逐点地施覆粘结剂27。在该方法的情况下也能够使用用于固定和运输所述分离薄膜幅面以及所述电极片14'的真空带。所述真空带的吸力足够强,以产生用于在所述第二分离薄膜幅面和所述第一分离薄膜幅面11'之间建立粘结连接所需的压紧力。接着由此形成的凹口连同所述电极片14'能够例如通过激光切割来切除,从而产生在图6中示出的各个半单元18'。
图7示出穿过源自图6的半单元18'的边缘区域的放大的剖面。可看出这两个分离薄膜11'、15'连同被包夹的电极片14'和所述粘结剂27。该粘结剂包围所述电极片14'的外缘边,从而该电极片与所述分离薄膜11'、15'粘合。所述粘结剂27同时连接所述两个分离薄膜11'、15'。

Claims (13)

1.用于制造带有电极堆叠的电池单元的装置,所述电极堆叠由至少一个半单元(18、18')制成,其中,所述半单元(18、18')由两个分离薄膜(11、15;11'、15')和布置在所述分离薄膜(11、15;11'、15')之间的凹口中的电极片(14、14')形成,其特征在于具有:用于第一分离薄膜幅面(11)的卷筒(22)的保持件;真空带(13),所述第一分离薄膜幅面(11)能够被置放到所述真空带上;用于将至少一个电极片(14)置放到所述第一分离薄膜幅面(11)上的操纵机构;用于第二分离薄膜幅面(15)的卷筒(21)的保持件;用于在所述电极片(14)的电化学起作用的区域之外连接所述两个分离薄膜(11、15)的机构(19);和用于从已连接的分离薄膜幅面(11、15)中切除半单元(18)的切割机构(20)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,所述切割机构(20)是激光切割机构。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的装置,其特征在于,用于连接所述分离薄膜(11'、15')的机构(19)具有粘结剂施覆装置。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的装置,其特征在于,用于连接所述分离薄膜(11、15)的机构(19)是激光焊接机构。
5.根据权利要求2和4所述的装置,其特征在于,所述激光焊接机构(19)同时是所述激光切割机构(20)。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,设置有用于对至少一个处于所述第二分离薄膜(15、15')下方的电极片(14、14')进行轮廓识别的机构,所述机构与用于连接所述分离薄膜(11、15;11'、15')的机构(19)的控制器以及与所述切割机构(20)的控制器连接。
7.根据权利要求6所述的装置,其特征在于,用于轮廓识别的机构是带有照明机构的相机。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的装置用于制造电池单元、用于制造至少一个半单元(18、18')的应用,所述电池单元具有堆叠的电极-和分离片(11、14、15;11'、14'、15'),所述至少一个半单元(18、18')由两个分离片(11、15;11'、15')和布置在所述两个分离片之间的电极片(14、14')构成,其特征在于具有以下步骤:
a. 引入第一分离薄膜幅面(11、11');
b. 将至少一个电极片(14、14')放置在所述第一分离薄膜幅面(11、11')上;
c. 将第二分离薄膜幅面(15、15')置放到所述至少一个电极片(14、14')上;
d. 通过在所述电极片(14、14')的电化学起作用的区域之外至少局部连接所述两个分离薄膜(11、15;11'、15')来形成用于所述至少一个电极片(14、14')的凹口,并由此形成凹口边缘;
e. 沿着所述凹口边缘切割所述两个分离薄膜(11、15;11'、15'),并由此制造一个或多个半单元(18、18')。
9.根据权利要求8所述的应用,其特征在于,所述凹口边缘以跟随所述电极片(14、14')的外边缘的方式并且在所述电极片之外来形成。
10.根据权利要求9所述的应用,其特征在于,所述凹口边缘相应以相对于电极片边缘成恒定间距伸延的方式来形成。
11.根据权利要求8至10中任一项所述的应用,其特征在于,在步骤e中的切割借助于激光(20)来进行。
12.根据权利要求8至11中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,在步骤c之前将粘结剂(27)至少逐点地在所述电极片(14')的电化学起作用的区域之外施覆到所述第一分离薄膜幅面(11')上。
13.根据权利要求8至11中任一项所述的应用,其特征在于,在步骤d中借助于激光焊接来执行所述两个分离薄膜(11、15)的连接。
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