CN106985781A - 用于触发行人保护器件和/或行人警告器件的方法与装置 - Google Patents

用于触发行人保护器件和/或行人警告器件的方法与装置 Download PDF

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CN106985781A
CN106985781A CN201611121718.1A CN201611121718A CN106985781A CN 106985781 A CN106985781 A CN 106985781A CN 201611121718 A CN201611121718 A CN 201611121718A CN 106985781 A CN106985781 A CN 106985781A
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pedestrian
triggering
protecting device
feature
recognized
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F·弗莱米希
J·林茨
M·舒尔茨
R·加尔巴斯
V·赫夫斯埃斯
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60QARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q5/00Arrangement or adaptation of acoustic signal devices
    • B60Q5/005Arrangement or adaptation of acoustic signal devices automatically actuated
    • B60Q5/006Arrangement or adaptation of acoustic signal devices automatically actuated indicating risk of collision between vehicles or with pedestrians
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60QARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q9/00Arrangement or adaptation of signal devices not provided for in one of main groups B60Q1/00 - B60Q7/00, e.g. haptic signalling
    • B60Q9/008Arrangement or adaptation of signal devices not provided for in one of main groups B60Q1/00 - B60Q7/00, e.g. haptic signalling for anti-collision purposes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/01Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
    • B60R21/013Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting collisions, impending collisions or roll-over
    • B60R21/0134Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting collisions, impending collisions or roll-over responsive to imminent contact with an obstacle, e.g. using radar systems
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/34Protecting non-occupants of a vehicle, e.g. pedestrians
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/34Protecting non-occupants of a vehicle, e.g. pedestrians
    • B60R21/36Protecting non-occupants of a vehicle, e.g. pedestrians using airbags
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/08Active safety systems predicting or avoiding probable or impending collision or attempting to minimise its consequences
    • B60W30/09Taking automatic action to avoid collision, e.g. braking and steering
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/18Propelling the vehicle
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08BSIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08GTRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/16Anti-collision systems
    • G08G1/166Anti-collision systems for active traffic, e.g. moving vehicles, pedestrians, bikes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/01Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
    • B60R2021/01013Means for detecting collision, impending collision or roll-over
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/01Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
    • B60R2021/01204Actuation parameters of safety arrangents
    • B60R2021/01252Devices other than bags
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R2300/00Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle
    • B60R2300/80Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the intended use of the viewing arrangement
    • B60R2300/8033Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the intended use of the viewing arrangement for pedestrian protection
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2554/00Input parameters relating to objects
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08BSIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
  • Emergency Alarm Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于触发(105)车辆的行人保护器件和/或行人警告器件的方法(100),其中,检测(101)在所述车辆的周围环境中的物体,其中,从检测到的物体中识别行人(103b),其中,根据检测到的物体和模型假设来分析(105)情况,其中,根据所述情况分析触发(105)所述行人保护器件或所述行人警告器件,其中,求出(110)识别到的行人特征,并且根据求出的特征选择或建立(111)所述模型假设。

Description

用于触发行人保护器件和/或行人警告器件的方法与装置
技术领域
本发明涉及用于触发行人保护器件和/或行人警告器件的方法与装置。
背景技术
当前,用于触发行人保护器件或行人警告器件的方法与装置基于被识别的行人的行为的模型假设。
这些系统的缺点在于,它们对于所有行人都根据同样的模型假设,尽管行人的行为有时候非常不同。这在道路交通中特别明显地体现在与成人的行为样本相比的孩子的行为样本中。
发明内容
在该背景下,本发明实现用于触发车辆的行人保护器件或行人警告器件的方法,其中,在车辆周围环境中的物体被检测,其中,从检测出的物体中识别行人,其中,根据检测出的物体和模型假设来分析情况,其中,根据该情况分析来触发行人保护器件或行人警告器件,其中,识别出的行人的特征被求出,并且根据所求出的特征选择或建立模型假设。
通过由所求出的特征而被选择或被建立的模型假设改进了对行人行为的预判,因为情况分析及因而最终决定触发行人保护器件或行人警告器件不再基于一般的模型假设,而是基于匹配于被识别的行人的分别求出的特征的专门的模型假设。
当前,行人保护器件应理解为这样的器件,这些器件保护行人在与车辆碰撞的情况下免受损伤或至少减少损伤。其中,这些器件尤其应理解为主动行人保护系统,例如自动紧急刹车系统,自动避让系统,组合式自动刹车及避让系统或用于减少在行人方面的事故后果损伤的外部气囊。
当前,行人警告器件应理解为这样的器件,这些器件适用于警告车辆的驾驶员或所涉及的行人预防即将到来的碰撞。其中,这些器件尤其应理解为声学器件或光学器件。
为了检测周围环境,车辆在此可以使用周围环境传感器,可考虑的传感器类型是摄像机系统、雷达系统、激光雷达系统或者也可以是超声波系统,可以单个或联合地使用这些传感器类型。检测周围环境在此也应理解为追踪被检测的物体。
当前,模型假设应理解为预判,例如呈计算规则或算法的形式,该预判适用于确定识别到的行人在未来的参数或特征。例如根据已识别的行人的运动特征来计算未来在确定区域中的逗留概率。模型假设可以例如作为事故研究的结果被预定。也可以考虑,根据所求出的特征建立模型假设。
当前,特征尤其应理解为识别到的行人的如下特征:
-身高;
-步长;
-步进频率;
-运动状态,尤其站立,行走,跑动,奔跑;
-打电话;
-戴耳机。
根据本方法的实施方式,将识别到的行人根据所求出的特征分配给一个组,其中,在情况分析步骤中,根据分配的组来匹配用于行人保护器件或行人警告器件的触发门限。
用于行人保护器件或行人警告器件的触发门限这样设置,使得尽可能少地得出误报率(False-Positive-Rate)和漏报率(False-Negative-Rate)。
过高的误报率会导致安全系统的低接受度,因为安全系统也许太频繁地被触发,虽然触发原本是不必要的。
相反,过高的漏报率会导致安全系统不被触发,虽然本应提供触发。这又增加了出自装备有这种安全系统的车辆的危险。
当前,组应理解为一组行人,这些行人的已求出的特征具有预定的相似性。例如将快速运动的行人组理解为,这些行人的特征速度超过最小速度。
根据本方法的另一实施方式,这样匹配触发门限,使得根据分配的组,行人警告器件和/或行人保护器件的错误触发概率较高。
本方法的该实施方式基于这样的认知,即在确定的行人组的情况下,提高的误报率被装备有这种安全系统的车辆的使用者接受。这尤其符合行人分配给给孩子分配的组的情况。
根据本方法的另一实施方式,不同的触发门限适用于触发行人保护器件和行人警告器件。
通过该实施方式能够以简单的方式区分行人保护器件的触发和行人警告器件的触发。该实施方式基于这样的认知,即行人保护器件的触发,尤其是主动行人保护器件的触发,被视作明显干预车辆引导,并且在此,在误报率过高的情况下导致行人保护器件的接受度减小。与此相反,行人警告器件的触发被视作不那么强地干预车辆引导,因此能够具有较高的误报率。在此,触发门限的选择对于误报率的出现有特别的影响。
本发明的另一方面是用于触发行人保护器件或行人警告器件的装置,该装置这样构造,使得该装置执行本方法的步骤。
这种装置可以构造成用于操控乘员保护器件如安全气囊控制器的装置的一部分。也可考虑,所提出的装置构造成用于行驶动态调节的装置如ESP控制器的一部分。但是,所要求保护的装置不应被解释为局限于这些控制器。
本发明的另一方面是计算机程序,该计算机程序设置成用于实施本方法的步骤。
同样,本发明的一个方面是机器可读的存储媒介,在该存储媒介上存储有该计算机程序。
附图说明
下面根据附图示出并阐述本发明的实施方式。附图示出:
图1本发明的方法的实施方式的流程图
具体实施方式
图1示出本发明的方法100的实施方式的流程图。在步骤101中,车辆的周围环境传感器检测该车辆周围环境中的物体。在步骤102中,从检测到的物体中识别行人103b。剩余物体103a被单独继续跟踪。在步骤104a,104b中,检测到的物体的第一特征如姿态和运动被求出。在步骤105中,根据检测到的物体和模型假设来分析所检测的情况:是否触发行人保护器件或行人警告器件。对于示出的方法有利的尤其是附加步骤110和111。在步骤110中求出检测到的行人的其他特征。在步骤111中,根据所求出的其他特征来建立或选择模型假设。该模型假设之后在步骤105中作为情况分析的基础。

Claims (8)

1.用于触发(105)车辆的行人保护器件和/或行人警告器件的方法(100),其中,检测(101)所述车辆的周围环境中的物体,其中,从被检测的所述物体中识别(103b)行人,其中,根据被检测的所述物体和模型假设来分析(105)情况,其中,根据情况分析来触发(105)所述行人保护器件或所述行人警告器件,
其特征为:
求出(110)识别到的行人的特征,并且根据求出的特征选择或建立(111)所述模型假设。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法(100),其中,将识别到的行人根据求出的特征分配给一个组,其中,在所述情况分析(105)步骤中,根据所述分配的组来匹配用于所述行人保护器件和/或所述行人警告器件的触发门限。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法(100),其中,这样匹配所述触发门限,使得取决于分配的组地,所述行人警告器件和/或所述行人保护器件的错误触发概率较高,尤其当识别到的行人被分配给给孩子分配的组时。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的方法(100),其中,对于所述行人保护器件和所述行人警告器件的触发(105)适用不同的触发门限。
5.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的方法(100),其中,所述特征包括下面参数中的至少一个:
-身高;
-步长;
-步进频率;
-运动状态,尤其站立,行走,跑动,奔跑;
-打电话;
-戴耳机。
6.用于触发行人保护器件和/或行人警告器件的装置,该装置这样构造,使得所述装置执行根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法(100)的所有步骤。
7.计算机程序,该计算机程序设置成用于实施根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法(100)的所有步骤。
8.机器可读的存储媒介,在该机器可读的存储媒介上存储有根据权利要求7所述的计算机程序。
CN201611121718.1A 2015-12-09 2016-12-08 用于触发行人保护器件和/或行人警告器件的方法与装置 Pending CN106985781A (zh)

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