CN106982623A - A kind of high-yield planting method of selenium-rich soya bean - Google Patents
A kind of high-yield planting method of selenium-rich soya bean Download PDFInfo
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- CN106982623A CN106982623A CN201710142404.8A CN201710142404A CN106982623A CN 106982623 A CN106982623 A CN 106982623A CN 201710142404 A CN201710142404 A CN 201710142404A CN 106982623 A CN106982623 A CN 106982623A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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- C05D1/02—Manufacture from potassium chloride or sulfate or double or mixed salts thereof
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of high-yield planting method of selenium-rich soya bean, is related to planting technology field, including selection of land and site preparation, seed treatment, sowing, field rich water quality management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.The reasonable cooperation that the present invention passes through fertilizer and implantation methods, so that the soya bean of plantation has high-survival rate and Seedling height quality, in the growth course of soya bean plant, with reference to the preventing and treating of pest and disease damage while fertilising, make plant healthy growth, its survival rate is high, and the insecticidal solution that the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is used is made up of the raw material of green safety, insect can not only be efficiently killed, and without any harmful components, to soil non-hazardous；Further, since the rational application of fertilizer, makes to produce a large amount of born organic selenoprotein elements in soya bean plant, reaches the purpose of production selenium-rich soya bean, it is adaptable to large-scale planting.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to planting technology field, and in particular to a kind of high-yield planting method of selenium-rich soya bean.
【Background technology】
Soya bean is also known as soybean, is the food that people like.The miscellaneous beans that soya bean and people are processed with it
Product, is delicious food common on dining table.Soya bean is not only delicious, and with very high nutritive value.The egg of 500 grams of soya beans
Equivalent to 1500 grams eggs of white matter content, or 6000 grams of milk, or 1000 grams of thin porks.In addition, the fat content in soya bean exists
Ranked first in beans, oil yield is up to 20%, and rich in multivitamin and mineral matter.Soya bean is free of cholesterol, it is possible to
Body's cholesterol is reduced, the generation of artery sclerosis is reduced, prevents also to contain a kind of material for pressing down pancreatin in heart disease, soya bean, it
There is certain curative effect to diabetes.Therefore, soya bean is recommended as prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease, hypertension of atherosclerosis etc. by nutritionist
The ideal health care product of disease, soya bean is " king in beans " by people's good reputation.
Selenium is the essential trace elements of the human body, participates in a variety of selenoenzymes and Selenonic protein in synthesized human.Its Glutathione
Peptide peroxidase, is catalyzed hydroperoxides in vivo or MDA is changed into water or various alcohols, eliminates certainly
Attack by base to biomembrane, protects biomembrane from oxidative damage.Selenium can improve human immunity, promote the propagation of lymphocyte
And the synthesis of antibody and immunoglobulin.Selenium has obvious suppression to kinds cancers such as colon cancer, cutaneum carcinoma, liver cancer, breast cancer
System and the effect of protection, its mesostate methyl enol in body have stronger active anticancer.
A large amount of clinical trials both at home and abroad are bright, and human body selenium deficiency can cause the functional disturbance of some vitals, cause many tight
Disease is weighed, more than 40, whole world country is in selenium deficiency area, and several hundred million populations in Chinese 22 provinces are all in selenium deficiency or low
Selenium area, the incidence of disease such as these regional population tumour, hepatopathy, angiocardiopathies is very high.In this case, artificial growth selenium-rich
Vegetable melon and fruit turn into demand.
【The content of the invention】
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of high-yield planting method of selenium-rich soya bean, the present invention passes through fertilizer
And the reasonable cooperation of implantation methods so that the soya bean of plantation has high-survival rate and Seedling height quality, in the life of soya bean plant
In growth process, with reference to the preventing and treating of pest and disease damage while fertilising, make plant healthy growth, its survival rate is high, and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is adopted
Insecticidal solution is made up of the raw material of green safety, can not only efficiently kill insect, and without any harmful components, to soil without danger
Evil；Further, since the rational application of fertilizer, makes to produce a large amount of born organic selenoprotein elements in soya bean plant, reaches that production selenium-rich is yellow
The purpose of beans, it is adaptable to large-scale planting.
A kind of high-yield planting method of selenium-rich soya bean, comprises the following steps：
1) selection of land and site preparation：Selection is carried out at subsoiling in the deep arable land of sunny, soil layer using hoe to arable land
Reason, recycles rake soil harrow broken, then plays turtleback shape ridge furrow 1.2-1.5m, before planting 1-2 menstruation plough deeply it is cultivated after addition
Soil pH value is adjusted to 7-8 by soil conditioner, according to line-spacing 36-46cm, and spacing in the rows 12-15cm opens kind of a plant hole, plant plant hole length,
Wide and deep respectively 0.4-0.6m, 0.4-0.6m and 4-5cm, often spread manuer in holes into substrate fertilizer 3-5kg, the soil dug out is standby；
2) seed treatment：The seed of full seed is selected, places it under sunlight and irradiates 3-4 hours, be then placed in salt solution
Middle immersion 2-4 hours, salt solution be by mass ratio be 1:300-400 salt and water is mixed to get, and will soak the seed of salt solution
Take out, be put into distilled water and soak 4-6 minutes, then further take out the selenic acid sodium solution for being put into that mass concentration is 100-150mg/l
In, immersion seed 25-35 minutes is picked up after leaching and drained, then by the sand dried with the above-mentioned sodium selenate for soaking seed
Solution soaks, then by the sand after infiltration and seed is 0.5-1.5 in mass ratio:1-2 is mixed；
3) sow：10-12h first waters the cave dug progress wetting before sowing, then will be through step 2) handle and obtain
Seed is put into cave, is filled with Nutrition Soil, is then periodically watered, and the humidity for keeping soil is 70-90%；The Nutrition Soil is by mud
Soil, fermented stalk, brown sugar and earthworm powder are 3-6 according to mass ratio：1-3：1-3：0.3-1.2 ratio is made；
4) field rich water quality management：Apply for the soya bean seedling timesharing phase after field planting and match somebody with somebody Hefei, be specially：Every mu of Seedling Stage is applied
Plus 40-55kg match somebody with somebody Hefei I；Every mu of branching stage applies 50-65kg and matches somebody with somebody Hefei II；Every mu of fruiting period of blooming, applies 50-60kg and matches somebody with somebody
Hefei III；
Described is by human and animal excreta 30-50 parts by weight, sodium selenite 16-24 parts by weight, potassium chloride 8-12 weight with Hefei I
Part, humic acid 5-10 parts by weight, pine needle meal 5-10 parts by weight, wheat stalk 10-18 parts by weight, gynostemma pentaphylla 5-8 parts by weight, vinegar groove
10-20 parts by weight and turmeric 2-5 parts by weight are by being 30-40 DEG C in temperature, and humidity is stack retting 10-15 under conditions of 60-70%
It is made；
5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：From Seedling Stage, insecticidal solution is sprayed every the 3-6 days rhizomes and blade to soya bean plant.
Further, step 1) apply substrate fertilizer be by chick bone powder 16-32 parts by weight, animal waste 20-30 parts by weight, urine
In temperature it is 30-40 DEG C after plain 12-23 parts by weight, stone flour 10-20 parts by weight and animals urine 16-28 parts by weight are well mixed,
Humidity is made for 8-12 days for fermentation under conditions of 60-70%；The applying mode of substrate fertilizer is：Apply one in kind of plant hole bottom
Substrate fertilizer thick layer 8-10cm, then in the soil of substrate fertilizer one layer of 3-5cm thickness of covering above, alternately 3 times successively.
Further, step 3) Nutrition Soil is to be well mixed soil, fermented stalk, brown sugar and earthworm powder, then
It is put into what slow fire frying in frying pan was obtained after 15-30 minutes.
Further, step 4) described it is made up of with Hefei II raw material of following parts by weight：20-35 parts of gypsum rubrum, melon vine
8-16 parts of 10-15 parts, 10-15 parts of tobacco rod, 16-32 parts of potassium hydroxide, 10-20 parts of compost and tea bran, described is logical with Hefei II
Cross after above-mentioned raw materials are crushed by powder beater and be well mixed, stack retting is made after 3-6 days.
Further, step 4) it is described with Hefei III be by biogas residue 30-50 parts by weight, selenium mineral powder 12-25 parts by weight, urea
16-24 parts by weight, calcium superphosphate 12-18 parts by weight, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 12-16 parts by weight, zinc sulfate 10-15 parts by weight, calcium and magnesium
Phosphate fertilizer 8-16 parts by weight and chicken manure 12-18 parts by weight, which are well mixed, to be obtained.
Further, step 5) insecticidal solution is by oleander juice, tomato leaf juice, Chinese prickley ash extract, orange peel juice, ginger
Juice, garlic juice and water are according to mass ratio (1-2.5)：(2-3.5)：(1.5-2.5)：(3-4)：(2-3.5)：(2-5)：(30-55) matches somebody with somebody
System is formed；The fountain height of the insecticidal solution is：Each every mu of 150-200kg.
Wherein, oleander juice is by according to mass ratio being 1 by oleander and water:3 mixing, are placed in pot and boil 10-20
Minute, remove slag and stay what is obtained after liquid；It by tomato leaf and water according to mass ratio is 1 that Chinese prickley ash extract, which is,:2 mixing, filter after mashing, take it
Filtrate, you can；Tomato leaf juice is that Chinese prickly ash adds the water that 3-5 times of its parts by weight are measured, and decocts 20-30min, filtering extracting liquid, you can
Obtain tomato leaf juice；The preparation method of the orange peel juice is identical with oleander juice, the preparation method phase of ginger juice and garlic juice and Chinese prickley ash extract
Together.
In summary, by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1st, in implantation methods of the invention, first planting site is pre-processed before planting seedlings, by being carried out to plot
Subsoiling processing, then opens up kind of a plant hole, because soil nutrient content is low, and directly sowing fertilizer efficiency is slow, therefore adds in kind of plant hole
Enter substrate fertilizer, substrate fertilizer has the effect of improved soil fertilizer efficiency, be that seed growth improves proposition nutrient, the applying mode of substrate fertilizer
To be embedded in kind of plant hole, and Nutrition Soil is covered on its surface, nutrient can be made more to concentrate, fertilization effect is more preferably；The nutrition of covering
The soil of native frying, fermented stalk, the mixture of brown sugar and earthworm powder, frying is carried out to Nutrition Soil can kill its to be harmful to micro- life
Thing, and increase beneficial microbe, the cooperation of substrate fertilizer and Nutrition Soil, which is applied, buries so that containing abundant organic matter in soil, nitrogen,
Phosphorus, potassium nutrition are more balanced, also containing various trace elements, can promote that seed can be protected while promoting seed health growth；
Yanguan Pass irradiation, immersion treatment first are carried out to seed before sowing, beneficial to neutron absorption nutrient, promotes germination, passes through plant
Inorganic selenium is converted into Organic Selenium by growth.
2nd, implantation methods of the present invention are in the rich water quality management of field, and a point three phases are applied fertilizer, for soya bean each period not
Same growth characteristic coordinates scientific and reasonable applying mode so that growth of soybean is quickly healthy there is provided the fertilizer of heterogeneity,
The soya bean quality of plantation out is high, and Seedling Stage applies the Hefei of matching somebody with somebody of hestening rooting germination, and branching stage, which applies, can increase plant
Flower bud number, branch amount and promote the growth of root system to match somebody with somebody Hefei, then apply selenium-rich in fruiting period of blooming with Hefei, pass through soya bean
Growth course realize the conversion and enrichment of selenium element, the soya bean that plantation comes out can be made to be rich in selenium element, increase its nutrition into
Point.
3rd, the reasonable cooperation that the present invention passes through fertilizer and implantation methods so that the soya bean of plantation has high-survival rate and height
Growth quality, in the growth course of soya bean plant, with reference to the preventing and treating of pest and disease damage while fertilising, makes plant healthy growth, its
Survival rate is high, and the insecticidal solution that the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is used is made up of the raw material of green safety, can not only efficiently kill insect, and nothing
Any harmful components, to soil non-hazardous；Further, since the rational application of fertilizer, makes to produce a large amount of born Organic Seleniums in soya bean plant
Albumen element, reaches the purpose of production selenium-rich soya bean, it is adaptable to large-scale planting.
【Embodiment】
The following examples can help those skilled in the art that the present invention is more fully understood, but cannot be with any
Mode limits the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of high-yield planting method for selenium-rich soya bean that the present embodiment is provided, comprises the following steps：
(1) selection of land and site preparation：
Selection carries out subsoiling processing using hoe in the deep arable land of sunny, soil layer to arable land, recycles rake soil
Earth harrow broken, then plays turtleback shape ridge furrow 1.2m, before planting 1 menstruation plough deeply plough after addition soil conditioner soil pH value is adjusted
Save as 7, according to line-spacing 36cm, spacing in the rows 12cm opens kind of a plant hole, plant plant hole length and width and it is deep be respectively 0.4m, 0.4m and 4cm, often
Spread manuer in holes into substrate fertilizer 3g, the soil dug out is standby；Wherein, it is by the parts by weight of chick bone powder 16, the weight of animal waste 20 to apply substrate fertilizer
Measure part, the parts by weight of urea 12, the parts by weight of stone flour 10 and the parts by weight of animals urine 16 it is well mixed after in temperature be 30 DEG C, humidity is
Ferment 8 days and be made under conditions of 60%；The applying mode of substrate fertilizer is：Apply the thick bases of one layer of 8cm in kind of plant hole bottom
Base fertilizer, then in the soil of substrate fertilizer one layer of 3cm of covering thickness above, alternately 3 times successively.
(2) seed treatment：
The seed of full seed is selected, places it under sunlight and irradiates 3 hours, be then placed in salt solution and soak 2 hours, salt
Water be by mass ratio be 1:300 salt and water is mixed to get, and the seed for soaking salt solution is taken out, is put into distilled water and soaks
4 minutes, then further take out and be put into the selenic acid sodium solution that mass concentration is 100mg/l, immersion seed 25 minutes picks up drip after leaching
It is dry, then the sand dried is soaked with the above-mentioned selenic acid sodium solution for soaking seed, then by the sand and kind after infiltration
Son is 0.5 in mass ratio:1 is mixed.
(3) sow：
10h first waters the cave dug progress wetting before sowing, then will be through step 2) handle obtain seed puts cave into
In, filled, then periodically watered with Nutrition Soil, the humidity for keeping soil is 70%；The Nutrition Soil by soil, fermented stalk,
Brown sugar and earthworm powder are 3 according to mass ratio：1：1：0.3 ratio is made；Its preparation method is by soil, fermented stalk, brown sugar
It is well mixed with earthworm powder, it is then placed in slow fire frying 15 minutes in frying pan, you can.
(4) field rich water quality management：
Apply for the soya bean seedling timesharing phase after field planting and match somebody with somebody Hefei, be specially：Every mu of application 40kg's of Seedling Stage matches somebody with somebody Hefei
Ⅰ；Every mu of branching stage applies 50kg and matches somebody with somebody Hefei II；Every mu of fruiting period of blooming, applies 50kg and matches somebody with somebody Hefei III；Wherein, with Hefei I be by
The parts by weight of human and animal excreta 30, the parts by weight of sodium selenite 16, the parts by weight of potassium chloride 8, the parts by weight of humic acid 5, the parts by weight of pine needle meal 5,
The parts by weight of wheat stalk 10, the parts by weight of gynostemma pentaphylla 5, the parts by weight of vinegar groove 10 and the parts by weight of turmeric 2 are by being 30 DEG C, humidity in temperature
It is made within 10 days for stack retting under conditions of 60%；It is made up of with Hefei II raw material of following parts by weight：20 parts of gypsum rubrum, melon vine 10
Part, 10 parts of tobacco rod, 16 parts of potassium hydroxide, 10 parts of compost and 8 parts of tea bran, are by the way that above-mentioned raw materials are passed through into powder beater with Hefei II
It is well mixed after crushing, stack retting is made after 3 days；It is by the parts by weight of biogas residue 30, the parts by weight of selenium mineral powder 12, the weight of urea 16 with Hefei III
Measure part, the parts by weight of calcium superphosphate 12, the parts by weight of potassium dihydrogen phosphate 12, the parts by weight of zinc sulfate 10, the parts by weight of calcium magnesium phosphate 8 and chicken manure
12 parts by weight are well mixed to be obtained.
(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：
From Seedling Stage, insecticidal solution is sprayed every the 3-6 days rhizomes and blade to soya bean plant, to kill the aphid in soil
The insects such as worm, root-knot nematode, ladybug, Chrysopa, parasitic wasp and Predatory Mites, wherein, insecticidal solution is by oleander juice, tomato leaf
Juice, Chinese prickley ash extract, orange peel juice, ginger juice, garlic juice and water are according to mass ratio 1：2：1.5：3：2：2：30 are formulated；The desinsection
The fountain height of liquid is：Each every mu of 150-200kg.
Embodiment 2
A kind of high-yield planting method for selenium-rich soya bean that the present embodiment is provided, comprises the following steps：
(1) selection of land and site preparation：
Selection carries out subsoiling processing using hoe in the deep arable land of sunny, soil layer to arable land, recycles rake soil
Earth harrow broken, then plays turtleback shape ridge furrow 1.3m, before planting 2 menstruations plough deeply plough after addition soil conditioner soil pH value is adjusted
Save as 7.5, according to line-spacing 40cm, spacing in the rows 13cm opens kind of a plant hole, plant plant hole length and width and it is deep be respectively 0.5m, 0.5m and
4.5cm, often spreads manuer in holes into substrate fertilizer 4kg, the soil dug out is standby；Wherein, it is by the parts by weight of chick bone powder 28, domestic animal to apply substrate fertilizer
In temperature it is 35 after the parts by weight of excrement 25, the parts by weight of urea 18, the parts by weight of stone flour 15 and the parts by weight of animals urine 20 are well mixed
DEG C, humidity be 65% under conditions of fermentation 10 days be made；The applying mode of substrate fertilizer is：Apply one layer in kind of plant hole bottom
Substrate fertilizer thick 9cm, then in the soil of substrate fertilizer one layer of 4cm thickness of covering above, alternately 3 times successively.
(2) seed treatment：
The seed of full seed is selected, places it under sunlight and irradiates 3 hours, be then placed in salt solution and soak 3 hours, salt
Water be by mass ratio be 1:350 salt and water is mixed to get, and the seed for soaking salt solution is taken out, is put into distilled water and soaks
5 minutes, then further take out and be put into the selenic acid sodium solution that mass concentration is 120mg/l, immersion seed 30 minutes picks up drip after leaching
It is dry, then the sand dried is soaked with the above-mentioned selenic acid sodium solution for soaking seed, then by the sand and kind after infiltration
Son is 1 in mass ratio:1.5 are mixed.
(3) sow：
11h first waters the cave dug progress wetting before sowing, then will be through step 2) handle obtain seed puts cave into
In, filled, then periodically watered with Nutrition Soil, the humidity for keeping soil is 80%；The Nutrition Soil by soil, fermented stalk,
Brown sugar and earthworm powder are 5 according to mass ratio：2：2：0.8 ratio is made；Its preparation method is by soil, fermented stalk, brown sugar
It is well mixed with earthworm powder, it is then placed in slow fire frying 22 minutes in frying pan, you can.
(4) field rich water quality management：
Apply for the soya bean seedling timesharing phase after field planting and match somebody with somebody Hefei, be specially：Every mu of application 48kg's of Seedling Stage matches somebody with somebody Hefei
Ⅰ；Every mu of branching stage applies 58kg and matches somebody with somebody Hefei II；Every mu of fruiting period of blooming, applies 55kg and matches somebody with somebody Hefei III；Wherein, with Hefei I be by
The parts by weight of human and animal excreta 40, the parts by weight of sodium selenite 20, the parts by weight of potassium chloride 10, the parts by weight of humic acid 7, the parts by weight of pine needle meal 7,
The parts by weight of wheat stalk 14, the parts by weight of gynostemma pentaphylla 6, the parts by weight of vinegar groove 15 and the parts by weight of turmeric 3 are by being 35 DEG C, humidity in temperature
It is made within 12 days for stack retting under conditions of 65%；It is made up of with Hefei II raw material of following parts by weight：28 parts of gypsum rubrum, melon vine 12
Part, 12 parts of tobacco rod, 22 parts of potassium hydroxide, 15 parts of compost and 12 parts of tea bran, with Hefei II be by by above-mentioned raw materials by beating powder
Machine is well mixed after crushing, and stack retting is made after 5 days；It is by the parts by weight of biogas residue 40, the parts by weight of selenium mineral powder 18, urea 18 with Hefei III
Parts by weight, the parts by weight of calcium superphosphate 15, the parts by weight of potassium dihydrogen phosphate 15, the parts by weight of zinc sulfate 12, the parts by weight of calcium magnesium phosphate 12 and
The parts by weight of chicken manure 15 are well mixed to be obtained.
(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：
From Seedling Stage, insecticidal solution is sprayed every the 5 days rhizomes and blade to soya bean plant, to kill the aphid in soil
The insects such as worm, root-knot nematode, ladybug, Chrysopa, parasitic wasp and Predatory Mites, wherein, insecticidal solution is by oleander juice, tomato leaf
Juice, Chinese prickley ash extract, orange peel juice, ginger juice, garlic juice and water are according to mass ratio 1.8：2.8：2：3.5：2.8：3：42 are formulated；Institute
The fountain height for stating insecticidal solution is：Each every mu of 180kg.
Embodiment 3
A kind of high-yield planting method for selenium-rich soya bean that the present embodiment is provided, comprises the following steps：
(1) selection of land and site preparation：
Selection carries out subsoiling processing using hoe in the deep arable land of sunny, soil layer to arable land, recycles rake soil
Earth harrow broken, then plays turtleback shape ridge furrow 1.5m, before planting 2 menstruations plough deeply plough after addition soil conditioner soil pH value is adjusted
Save as 8, according to line-spacing 46cm, spacing in the rows 15cm opens kind of a plant hole, plant plant hole length and width and it is deep be respectively 0.6m, 0.6m and 5cm, often
Spread manuer in holes into substrate fertilizer 5kg, the soil dug out is standby；Wherein, it is by the parts by weight of chick bone powder 32, the weight of animal waste 30 to apply substrate fertilizer
Measure part, the parts by weight of urea 23, the parts by weight of stone flour 20 and the parts by weight of animals urine 28 it is well mixed after in temperature be 40 DEG C, humidity is
Ferment 12 days and be made under conditions of 70%；The applying mode of substrate fertilizer is：Thick in kind of plant hole bottom one layer of 10cm of application
Substrate fertilizer, then in the soil of substrate fertilizer one layer of 5cm of covering thickness above, alternately 3 times successively.
(2) seed treatment：
The seed of full seed is selected, places it under sunlight and irradiates 4 hours, be then placed in salt solution and soak 4 hours, salt
Water be by mass ratio be 1:400 salt and water is mixed to get, and the seed for soaking salt solution is taken out, is put into distilled water and soaks
6 minutes, then further take out and be put into the selenic acid sodium solution that mass concentration is 150mg/l, immersion seed 35 minutes picks up drip after leaching
It is dry, then the sand dried is soaked with the above-mentioned selenic acid sodium solution for soaking seed, then by the sand and kind after infiltration
Son is 1.5 in mass ratio:2 are mixed.
(3) sow：
12h first waters the cave dug progress wetting before sowing, then will be through step 2) handle obtain seed puts cave into
In, filled, then periodically watered with Nutrition Soil, the humidity for keeping soil is 90%；The Nutrition Soil by soil, fermented stalk,
Brown sugar and earthworm powder are 6 according to mass ratio：3：3：1.2 ratio be made；Its preparation method is by soil, fermented stalk, brown sugar
It is well mixed with earthworm powder, it is then placed in slow fire frying 30 minutes in frying pan, you can.
(4) field rich water quality management：
Apply for the soya bean seedling timesharing phase after field planting and match somebody with somebody Hefei, be specially：Every mu of application 55kg's of Seedling Stage matches somebody with somebody Hefei
Ⅰ；Every mu of branching stage applies 65kg and matches somebody with somebody Hefei II；Every mu of fruiting period of blooming, applies 60kg and matches somebody with somebody Hefei III；Wherein, with Hefei I be by
The parts by weight of human and animal excreta 50, the parts by weight of sodium selenite 24, the parts by weight of potassium chloride 12, the parts by weight of humic acid 10, the weight of pine needle meal 10
Part, the parts by weight of wheat stalk 18, the parts by weight of gynostemma pentaphylla 8, the parts by weight of vinegar groove 20 and the parts by weight of turmeric 5 by temperature be 40 DEG C,
Humidity is that stack retting 15 days is made under conditions of 70%；It is made up of with Hefei II raw material of following parts by weight：35 parts of gypsum rubrum, melon vine
16 parts of 15 parts, 15 parts of tobacco rod, 32 parts of potassium hydroxide, 20 parts of compost and tea bran, with Hefei II be by by above-mentioned raw materials by beating
Powder machine is well mixed after crushing, and stack retting is made after 6 days；It is by the parts by weight of biogas residue 50, the parts by weight of selenium mineral powder 25, urea with Hefei III
24 parts by weight, the parts by weight of calcium superphosphate 18, the parts by weight of potassium dihydrogen phosphate 16, the parts by weight of zinc sulfate 15, the parts by weight of calcium magnesium phosphate 16
It is well mixed and obtains with the parts by weight of chicken manure 18.
(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：
From Seedling Stage, insecticidal solution is sprayed every the 3-6 days rhizomes and blade to soya bean plant, to kill the aphid in soil
The insects such as worm, root-knot nematode, ladybug, Chrysopa, parasitic wasp and Predatory Mites, wherein, insecticidal solution is by oleander juice, tomato leaf
Juice, Chinese prickley ash extract, orange peel juice, ginger juice, garlic juice and water are according to mass ratio 2.5：3.5：2.5：4：3.5：5：55 are formulated；Institute
The fountain height for stating insecticidal solution is：Each every mu of 200kg.
Compliance test result
In order to further illustrate the practical value of implantation methods of the present invention, compare using 1-3 of the embodiment of the present invention and contrast
The soya bean plantation situation of the traditional cultivation method plantation of example 1, as a result as shown in table 1：
The soya bean of table 1 plants quality versus's table
As it can be seen from table 1 the soya bean planted with general planting method relatively uses 1-3 implantation methods kinds of the embodiment of the present invention
The seedling percent of plant is low, and the soya bean planted with implantation methods of the present invention, and its illness rate is few compared with comparative example；In addition, adopting
After implantation methods of the present invention, without harmful components are found in soil, its yield and quality is also than being planted with conventional method
The height of grass.Therefore, test result indicates that, plant soya bean using the implantation methods of the present invention so that the survival rate of seedling is high, plant
Illness rate it is low, it is possible to increase plant and product quality.
The reasonable cooperation that the present invention passes through fertilizer and implantation methods so that the soya bean of plantation has high-survival rate and Gao Sheng
Long quality, in the growth course of soya bean plant, with reference to the preventing and treating of pest and disease damage while fertilising, makes plant healthy growth, its into
Motility rate is high, and the insecticidal solution that the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is used is made up of the raw material of green safety, can not only efficiently kill insect, and without appointing
What harmful components, to soil non-hazardous；Further, since the rational application of fertilizer, makes to produce a large amount of born Organic Selenium eggs in soya bean plant
Bai Yuansu, reaches the purpose of production selenium-rich soya bean, it is adaptable to large-scale planting.
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments,
On the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Cause
This, these modifications or improvements, belong to the scope of protection of present invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of high-yield planting method of selenium-rich soya bean, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) selection of land and site preparation：Selection carries out subsoiling processing to arable land in the deep arable land of sunny, soil layer using hoe, then
Using rake soil harrow broken, then play turtleback shape ridge furrow 1.2-1.5m, before planting 1-2 menstruation plough deeply plough after add soil tune
Soil pH value is adjusted to 7-8 by section agent, according to line-spacing 36-46cm, and spacing in the rows 12-15cm opens kind of a plant hole, plants the length and width and depth of plant hole
Respectively 0.4-0.6m, 0.4-0.6m and 4-5cm, often spread manuer in holes into substrate fertilizer 3-5kg, the soil dug out is standby；
2) seed treatment：The seed of full seed is selected, places it under sunlight and irradiates 3-4 hours, be then placed in salt solution and soak
Bubble 2-4 hour, salt solution be by mass ratio be 1:300-400 salt and water is mixed to get, and the seed for soaking salt solution is taken out,
It is put into distilled water and soaks 4-6 minutes, then further takes out and be put into the selenic acid sodium solution that mass concentration is 100-150mg/l, leaching
Steep seed 25-35 minutes, pick up and drain after leaching, then soak the sand dried with the above-mentioned selenic acid sodium solution for soaking seed
It is wet, then by the sand after infiltration and seed be 0.5-1.5 in mass ratio:1-2 is mixed；
3) sow：10-12h first waters the cave dug progress wetting before sowing, then will be through step 2) handle and obtain obtaining seed
Put into cave, filled with Nutrition Soil, then periodically watered, the humidity for keeping soil is 70-90%；The Nutrition Soil by soil,
Fermented stalk, brown sugar and earthworm powder are 3-6 according to mass ratio：1-3：1-3：0.3-1.2 ratio is made；
4) field rich water quality management：Apply for the soya bean seedling timesharing phase after field planting and match somebody with somebody Hefei, be specially：Every mu of application of Seedling Stage
40-55kg's matches somebody with somebody Hefei I；Every mu of branching stage applies 50-65kg and matches somebody with somebody Hefei II；Every mu of fruiting period of blooming, applies 50-60kg and coordinates
Fertilizer III；
It is described with Hefei I be by human and animal excreta 30-50 parts by weight, sodium selenite 16-24 parts by weight, potassium chloride 8-12 parts by weight,
Humic acid 5-10 parts by weight, pine needle meal 5-10 parts by weight, wheat stalk 10-18 parts by weight, gynostemma pentaphylla 5-8 parts by weight, vinegar groove 10-
20 parts by weight and turmeric 2-5 parts by weight are by being 30-40 DEG C in temperature, and humidity is 10-15 days systems of stack retting under conditions of 60-70%
；
5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：From Seedling Stage, insecticidal solution is sprayed every the 3-6 days rhizomes and blade to soya bean plant.
2. a kind of high-yield planting method of selenium-rich soya bean according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 1) apply substrate fertilizer
It is by chick bone powder 16-32 parts by weight, animal waste 20-30 parts by weight, urea 12-23 parts by weight, stone flour 10-20 parts by weight and dynamic
In temperature it is 30-40 DEG C after thing urine 16-28 parts by weight are well mixed, humidity is 8-12 days systems of fermentation under conditions of 60-70%
；The applying mode of substrate fertilizer is：Apply the thick substrate fertilizer of one layer of 8-10cm in kind of plant hole bottom, then on substrate fertilizer
Face covers the thick soil of one layer of 3-5cm, alternately 3 times successively.
3. a kind of high-yield planting method of selenium-rich soya bean according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 3) Nutrition Soil
It is to be well mixed soil, fermented stalk, brown sugar and earthworm powder, is then placed in slow fire frying in frying pan and is obtained after 15-30 minutes
's.
4. a kind of high-yield planting method of selenium-rich soya bean according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 4) it is described with Hefei
II is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：20-35 parts of gypsum rubrum, 10-15 parts of melon vine, 10-15 parts of tobacco rod, potassium hydroxide 16-32
8-16 parts of part, 10-20 parts of compost and tea bran, described is by mixing equal after above-mentioned raw materials are crushed by powder beater with Hefei II
Even, stack retting is made after 3-6 days.
5. a kind of high-yield planting method of selenium-rich soya bean according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 4) it is described with Hefei
III be by biogas residue 30-50 parts by weight, selenium mineral powder 12-25 parts by weight, urea 16-24 parts by weight, calcium superphosphate 12-18 parts by weight,
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 12-16 parts by weight, zinc sulfate 10-15 parts by weight, calcium magnesium phosphate 8-16 parts by weight and chicken manure 12-18 parts by weight are mixed
Conjunction is uniformly obtained.
6. a kind of high-yield planting method of selenium-rich soya bean according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 5) insecticidal solution
It is according to mass ratio (1-2.5) by oleander juice, tomato leaf juice, Chinese prickley ash extract, orange peel juice, ginger juice, garlic juice and water：(2-
3.5)：(1.5-2.5)：(3-4)：(2-3.5)：(2-5)：(30-55) is formulated；The fountain height of the insecticidal solution is：Every time
Every mu of 150-200kg.
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| CN107602308A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-01-19 | 广西浙缘农业科技有限公司 | A kind of selenium-enriched fertilizer for being used to plant selenium-rich lichee |
| CN107787758A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-03-13 | 马鞍山市心洲葡萄专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of grape intercrop soybean |
| CN108164334A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-06-15 | 宜州市横山泰顺种养专业合作社 | A kind of high-yield planting method of selenium-rich sugar orange fertilizer and sugar orange |
| CN108184596A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-06-22 | 中国烟草总公司广东省公司 | A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich tobacco |
| CN109042206A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-12-21 | 浏阳市自强种植专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of green soy bean |
| CN109380520A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2019-02-26 | 广东碧泉食品科技有限公司 | A kind of formula and preparation method thereof of selenium-rich jellied bean curd |
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Application publication date: 20170728 |