CN106961985B - Tomato planting method capable of preventing parasitic tomatoes on orobanche cucurbitae - Google Patents
Tomato planting method capable of preventing parasitic tomatoes on orobanche cucurbitae Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a melon preventive agentThe tomato planting method of the broomrape parasitizing tomatoes mainly comprises the following steps: a. seedling culture: early-maturing varieties are selected during tomato seedling culture and planting, and soil, vermiculite, decomposed farmyard manure, a bacillus subtilis microbial agent and a streptomyces densirotary microbial agent are selected as substrates during tomato seedling culture; b. transplanting; c. fertilizing: dripping urea for 3 times before blossom and at the early stage of fruit setting, wherein the concentration of urea is 10‑4mol/L‑10‑ 5mol/L; d. dripping water for the first time before flowering and stopping before harvesting, and dripping spore suspension of bacillus subtilis and streptomyces spinosus for 4-5 times; f. after harvesting at the bottom of 7 months to the beginning of 8 months, smashing the tomato stems and leaves, turning the smashed tomato stems and leaves into the tomato field soil to a depth of 18-23 cm, planting corn 18-23 days later, and selecting Zhengdan 958 for the corn. Compared with the prior art, the method has the characteristics of rapidness, high efficiency, capability of effectively preventing the parasitic of the orobanche coerulescens, great improvement on the yield and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a tomato planting method, in particular to a tomato planting method capable of preventing tomato parasitizing in orobanche coerulescens.
Background
Parasitic weeds are a common weed in agricultural production and can seriously affect crop yield, and cause yield reduction to crop production in various countries in the world in the crop growth process, wherein the Liequus Luminax is total parasitic weeds, all nutrition and moisture are obtained from hosts in a root parasitic mode, and due to the special life history of the weeds, the harm to crops mainly occurs in the underground growth stage before emergence of seedlings.
Guaran (Orobanche aegyptiaca) is a species of the genus Orobanche of the family Orobancheceae, which can germinate only in the presence of a germination-stimulating substance and then parasitize at the root of the host. The control of the citrulline is difficult and mainly caused by strong ecological adaptability. Each Liaobang can produce a large amount of seeds, and each capsule can contain 1600-3000 seeds. Each brook not only produces a large amount of seeds, but also can maintain viability in soil for decades. Since the seed quantity produced by the cucurbitacin is more than that of other orobanes due to the arbuscular growth, the control difficulty is higher.
The growth of the cucurbitacin mainly comprises the following processes: the host root is found by the germination and germination pipe, the sucker is formed and is adhered to the root of the host, the connection with the xylem of the host is successfully established, the nutrition and the water are absorbed from the host to carry out the underground growth, and finally, the earth surface is grown out to bloom and produce a large amount of seeds.
In recent years, the Liequan melons are widely distributed in the Cucurbitaceae plants such as watermelon, melon and Hami melon and the like and the Solanaceae plant planting areas such as tomato and eggplant and the like in the Bazhou region, the Hetian region, the Hami region, the Aletai region and the Ulmaric city of Xinjiang, and the Bian guru Yangaku reclamation area is a main disaster area of the Liequan melons in the south of Xinjiang. Tomato processing and planting are the supporting industry of the area where two engineers live in the garden, the planting area of more than 20 ten thousand acres of tomatoes in the area provides good conditions for the parasitism of Guaran, so that local tomatoes are reduced in large area, the yield reduction of 21 and 25 groups of second engineers in the army production and construction in Xinjiang reaches more than 60%, and the development of local economy is seriously damaged for years.
At present, conventional chemical control, artificial weeding and other methods adopted by local management departments and growers do not have good effects, chemical control agents generally do not have broad spectrum on the cucurbituril, do not have good killing effect on the stout with too many branches and strong cucurbituril, only part of the cucurbituril above the soil is withered and dead, and the chemical control agents do not have any effect on stems and new seedlings of the cucurbituril below the soil; artificial prevention and removal seems to be capable of removing a certain amount of cucurbituril, but the defect is also obvious, firstly, the cucurbituril has a short growth cycle, can continuously germinate and continuously parasitize in the growth process of the tomato and continuously grow, as long as the conditions are proper, no fixed growth season exists, and secondly, the cucurbituril mainly absorbs nutrients and water in the tomato body through connecting roots with the tomato, and the root system of the tomato is inevitably damaged when the cucurbituril is removed, so that the growth of the cucurbituril is influenced.
At present, the following methods are used for preventing the occurrence of the calabash disaster, and mainly include the following methods, such as breeding by using a variety of the solanum lycopersicum resistant, killing the calabash plant by using fusarium, and trapping and killing the seeds of the calabash in a soil reservoir by trapping crops. However, there are still many problems in the field implementation of these methods. The time consumption for breeding the anti-broomrape variety is long, the development of the cucurbit broomrape variety is fast, the anti-broomrape tomato cultivated variety is not cultivated successfully, and a new physiological variety is derived from the broomrape; the broomrape killed by the fusarium can kill the overground part and part of the stems of the broomrape, but the killing amount of the broomrape seeds is very little compared with billions of broomrape seeds in a soil reservoir, and meanwhile, the fusarium has carcinogenic effect on human bodies and is harmful to the health of the human bodies after long-term use; the method for eliminating the seed of the cucurbit flute by using the trapping crop is theoretically feasible, but the elimination rate of the cucurbit flute is not evaluated at present in the same year, the quantity of the seed eliminated by trapping is unbalanced compared with the quantity of the seed generated by the reproduction of the cucurbit flute which grows out of the ground every year, and the trapping crop can be improved only by not planting the host crop such as the tomato for 5-10 years continuously to achieve good effect, but the method inevitably causes destructive attack on the agricultural production and processing industry of the locally formed tomato.
At present, an effective comprehensive prevention and control measure which is scientific and can be combined with local production is urgently needed.
Therefore, the tomato planting method which is fast and efficient and can effectively prevent the parasitic of the orobanche coerulescens and greatly improve the yield and can prevent the parasitic tomatoes of the orobanche coerulescens is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tomato planting method capable of preventing tomato parasitizing in oroxylum cucurbitacearum.
The invention provides a tomato planting method capable of preventing a parasitic tomato of orobanche cucurbitae, which comprises the following specific steps: early maturing tomato variety seedling raising, transplanting, managing → harvesting → smashing tomato stems and leaves → digging into soil with the depth of 18-23 cm and burying tightly → planting corn Zhengdan 958 after 18-23 days.
The method mainly comprises the following steps:
a. seedling culture: early-maturing varieties are selected during tomato seedling culture and planting, a special substrate is selected during tomato seedling culture, and the substrate formula is as follows: 800-1200 parts of soil, 400-600 parts of vermiculite, 100-300 parts of decomposed farmyard manure, 0.5-1.5 parts of bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum and 0.5-1.5 parts of streptomyces densirotary microbial inoculum by weight;
the function of vermiculite: the tomato seedlings are loose and porous, and are easy to root; the decomposed farmyard manure is decomposed cow manure or sheep manure and is used for providing a carrier for growth and reproduction of bacillus subtilis and streptomyces spinosus; the bacillus subtilis has the following effects: promoting the growth of the root system of the tomato seedlings, improving the endogenous hormone level and improving the stress resistance of the tomato seedlings; streptomyces clausii action: improve the rhizosphere soil environment of the tomatoes and promote the growth of the root systems of the tomato seedlings.
b. Transplanting: covering a white thick mulching film during transplanting, wherein the thickness of the mulching film is 0.01-0.014 mm;
the mulching film with the thickness of 0.01-0.014 mm is not easy to break, the seed of the orobanche coerulescens is not easy to burst, the orobanche officinarum is easy to be killed by scalding at high temperature, the mulching film is easy to recover, the residual rate is only 5-15%, and the pollution of the mulching film is small. The two types of mulching films are mainly used for covering the soil at present, one type of mulching film is a black mulching film, the other type of mulching film is a white mulching film with the thickness of 0.004mm-0.005mm, the two types of mulching films have poor effect of preventing and controlling melon and fruit trees, are fragile and difficult to recover, have the residual rate of over 65 percent, and easily cause serious soil environmental pollution.
c. Fertilizing: dripping urea for 3 times before blossom and at the early stage of fruit setting, wherein the concentration of urea is 10-4mol/L-10-5mol/L, the inhibition rate can reach more than 40 percent; the concentration of the urea is the urea content of the water consumption for single drip irrigation.
d. The method comprises the following steps of beginning to drip water for the first time before blossom, stopping water before harvesting, dripping spore turbid liquid of bacillus subtilis and streptomyces spinosus for 4-5 times, dripping the spore turbid liquid of the bacillus subtilis and the streptomyces spinosus for 8-15 days/time, wherein the turbid liquid is the bacillus subtilis and the streptomyces spinosus according to the concentration of 1: and mixing the spore suspension and the spore suspension in a ratio of 0.8-1.2, wherein the spore suspension is filtered by using a 0.45nm filter membrane to prevent the clogging of a drip hole of a drip irrigation belt in production. The bacillus subtilis has the effects of improving the endogenous hormone level of tomato plants, improving the stress resistance of the tomato plants, promoting the growth of tomato root systems, improving the condition of rhizosphere microbial population, increasing the number of bacteria, thereby improving the proportion of the bacteria and fungi, reducing the germination rate of the citrullus lanatus and reducing the parasitism of the citrullus lanatus to tomatoes; the streptomyces spinosus has the effects of promoting the growth of tomato root systems, increasing the lignification degree of the root systems in the middle growth period of tomatoes, improving the rhizosphere microbial population environment, increasing the quantity of actinomycetes, improving the proportion of actinomycetes and fungi, reducing the germination rate of the citrulline herba and reducing the parasitism of the citrulline herba on the tomatoes.
e. Dripping ferrous sulfate and decomposed cow dung leaching liquor into the tomato in each water dripping process in the whole tomato growth process, wherein the concentration of the ferrous sulfate in the drip irrigation water is 1-5: 10000, and the mass concentration of the decomposed cow dung leaching liquor is 1-5: 1000, namely the concentration of the ferrous sulfate in dripping is 1-5: 10000g/L, and the concentration of the decomposed cow dung in dripping is 10-50: 10000L/L;
according to research, the germination rate and the parasitic rate of the cucurbituril in the alkaline soil are high, the harm is serious, and the germination rate and the parasitic rate in a weakly acidic environment are low. After the ferrous sulfate is applied to the soil, the pH value of the soil can be reduced, and the alkalinity of the soil can be effectively improved, so that the harm of the cucurbitacin to the production of the tomatoes can be reduced. The decomposed cow dung leaching liquor has two functions: decomposed cow dung has a plurality of organic acids, and the organic acids can reduce the pH value of soil, improve the alkalinity of the soil and reduce the harm of the Guarandum rupestris; the pH value of the soil can be reduced by 0.3-0.6 by applying the two components simultaneously, so that the germination rate of the cucurbitacin is reduced by more than 18%. The decomposed cow dung leaching liquor has high organic matter content, can provide an excellent living environment for bacillus subtilis and streptomyces meretrix, improves the proportion of bacteria and fungi and the proportion of actinomycetes and fungi in tomato rhizosphere soil, reduces the harm of Guarandum rupestris, and has the highest inhibition rate of 58% to the growth of Guarandum pestris as found in field experiments.
f. After the tomatoes are harvested, a mode of combining trapping and killing with crop rotation trapping is adopted, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
catching and killing: chemical signal substances secreted by host crops are used for killing the broomrape by a physical or chemical method after sprouting, the stems and leaves of the tomatoes are smashed and turned into the soil of the tomato field for 18-23 cm after harvesting at the beginning of 7-8 months, inducing substances secreted by the stems and leaves stimulate the broomrape seeds to sprout, no living tomatoes exist after sprouting, and the broomrape buds die by themselves;
rotation trapping and killing: the trapped crop capable of stimulating the seed germination of the orobanche coerulescens is planted to eliminate the orobanche coerulescens seeds, the corn is planted 18-23 days later, the corn adopts the Zhengdan 958, and the test proves that the Zhengdan 958 has a remarkable promoting effect on the seed germination of the orobanche coerulescens, but the seed can not be parasitic, the seed only has one-time life, and the orobanche coerulescens seeds can be naturally dead after the seed germination after stimulation but can not meet the host.
Early-maturing varieties are selected during tomato seedling culture and planting, the stems and leaves of the tomatoes are smashed and turned into the fast soil of a tomato field to be 18-23 cm deep after harvesting from the bottom of 7-8 months, the aim is to stimulate the emergence of the seeds of the cucurbitacin in the soil by using an induction signal substance in the tomatoes, the cucurbitacin buds can not grow into seedlings and die after living parasitic tomatoes do not exist, the corns are planted after 18-23 days, the corns adopt Zhengdan 958, and tests prove that the Zhengdan 958 has a remarkable promoting effect on the germination of the seeds of the cucurbitacin, but can not allow the seeds of the cucurbitacin to be parasitic, the seeds only have one-time life, and the seeds of the cucurbitacin germinate but can not meet hosts after being stimulated and then.
The medicament and the measures used by the invention have the characteristics of no toxicity, environmental protection, safety and the like.
The invention adopts comprehensive measures of rhizosphere environment regulation, soil seed capture, trapping and killing and germination blocking treatment aiming at prevention and control of the malignant parasitic weed cucurbituril in the tomato processing field in Xinjiang, the prevention and control effect can reach more than 90 percent, the breeding hazard of the cucurbituril can be obviously reduced, the yield and the quality of processed tomatoes are improved, the income of farmers is increased, and good social benefit and economic benefit are generated.
Detailed Description
Example 1: a tomato planting method capable of preventing parasitic tomatoes on orobanche cucurbitae comprises the following specific steps: early maturing tomato variety seedling raising, transplanting, managing → harvesting → tomato stem and leaf breaking → digging into soil 19.5cm deep and burying tightly → planting corn Zhengdan 958 after 21 days.
The method mainly comprises the following steps:
a. seedling culture: early-maturing varieties are selected during tomato seedling culture and planting, a special substrate is selected during tomato seedling culture, and the substrate formula is as follows: 1000 parts of soil, 500 parts of vermiculite, 200 parts of decomposed farmyard manure, 0.9 part of bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum and 1.2 parts of streptomyces densirotary microbial inoculum by weight;
b. transplanting: covering a white thick mulching film during transplanting, wherein the thickness of the mulching film is 0.011 mm;
c. fertilizing: dripping urea for 3 times before blossom and at the early stage of fruit setting, wherein the concentration of urea is 10-5mol/L, the inhibition rate can reach more than 40 percent; the urea concentration is the urea content of single drip irrigation water consumption;
d. before flowering, beginning to drip water for the first time, stopping water before harvesting, dripping spore turbid liquid of the bacillus subtilis and the streptomyces spinosus for 4 times, dripping the spore turbid liquid of the bacillus subtilis and the streptomyces spinosus for 9 days/time, wherein the turbid liquid is the bacillus subtilis and the streptomyces spinosus according to the concentration of 1: 1.1, filtering the spore mixed suspension by using a 0.45nm filter membrane to prevent blocking of a drip hole of a drip irrigation tape in production. The bacillus subtilis has the effects of improving the endogenous hormone level of tomato plants, improving the stress resistance of the tomato plants, promoting the growth of tomato root systems, improving the condition of rhizosphere microbial population, increasing the number of bacteria, thereby improving the proportion of the bacteria and fungi, reducing the germination rate of the citrullus lanatus and reducing the parasitism of the citrullus lanatus to tomatoes; the streptomyces spinosus has the effects of promoting the growth of tomato root systems, increasing the lignification degree of the root systems in the middle growth stage of the tomatoes, improving the rhizosphere microbial population environment, increasing the number of actinomycetes, improving the proportion of actinomycetes and fungi, reducing the germination rate of the citrulline herba and reducing the parasitism of the citrulline herba on the tomatoes;
e. dripping ferrous sulfate and decomposed cow dung leaching liquor into the tomato during the whole tomato growth process every time, wherein the concentration of the ferrous sulfate in the drip irrigation water is 3:10000g/L, namely 10000L of drip irrigation water contains 3g of ferrous sulfate; the mass concentration of the decomposed cow dung leaching liquor is 30:10000L/L, namely 10000L of drip irrigation water contains 30L of decomposed cow dung leaching liquor;
f. after the tomatoes are harvested, a mode of combining trapping and killing with crop rotation trapping is adopted, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
catching and killing: chemical signal substances secreted by host crops are used for killing the broomrape by a physical or chemical method after sprouting, the stems and leaves of the tomatoes are smashed and turned into the soil of the tomato field for 21cm after harvesting at the beginning of 7-8 months, inducing substances secreted by the stems and leaves stimulate the broomrape seeds to sprout, no living tomatoes exist after sprouting, and the broomrape buds die by themselves;
rotation trapping and killing: the trapped crop capable of stimulating the seed germination of the orobanche coerulescens is planted to eliminate the orobanche coerulescens seeds, the corn is planted 19 days later, the Zhengdan 958 is selected for the corn, and the test proves that the Zhengdan 958 has a remarkable promoting effect on the seed germination of the orobanche coerulescens, but cannot enable the orobanche coerulescens to be parasitic, the seed only has one-time life, and the orobanche coerulescens seeds germinate after being stimulated but cannot meet the host, and then can be naturally dead.
Early-maturing varieties are selected during tomato seedling culture and planting, the stems and leaves of the tomatoes are smashed and turned into the soil of a tomato field for 20cm after being harvested from the beginning of 7-8 months, the aim is to stimulate the emergence of the seeds of the cucurbitacin in the soil by using an induction signal substance in the tomatoes, after living parasitic tomatoes do not exist, the buds of the cucurbitacin cannot grow into seedlings and die, corns are planted after 22 days, the corns are selected to be Zheng bills 958, and tests prove that the Zheng bills 958 has a remarkable promoting effect on the germination of the seeds of the cucurbitacin, but cannot allow the seeds of the cucurbitacin to be parasitized, the seeds only have one-time life, and the seeds of the cucurbitacin germinate but cannot meet hosts after being stimulated.
Example 2: a tomato planting method capable of preventing parasitic tomatoes on orobanche cucurbitae comprises the following specific steps: early maturing tomato variety seedling raising, transplanting, managing → harvesting → tomato stem and leaf breaking → digging into soil 21.5cm deep and burying tightly → planting corn Zhengdan 958 19 days later.
The method mainly comprises the following steps:
a. seedling culture: early-maturing varieties are selected during tomato seedling culture and planting, a special substrate is selected during tomato seedling culture, and the substrate formula is as follows: 1100 parts of soil, 550 parts of vermiculite, 210 parts of decomposed farmyard manure, 0.9 part of bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum and 1.4 parts of streptomyces densirotary microbial inoculum by weight;
b. transplanting: covering a white thick mulching film during transplanting, wherein the thickness of the mulching film is 0.012 mm;
c. fertilizing: dripping urea for 3 times before blossom and at the early stage of fruit setting, wherein the concentration of urea is 10-5mol/L, the inhibition rate can reach more than 40 percent; the urea concentration is the urea content of single drip irrigation water consumption;
d. before flowering, beginning to drip water for the first time, stopping water before harvesting, dripping spore turbid liquid of the bacillus subtilis and the streptomyces spinosus for 5 times, dripping the spore turbid liquid of the bacillus subtilis and the streptomyces spinosus for 11 days/time, wherein the turbid liquid is prepared by mixing the bacillus subtilis and the streptomyces spinosus according to the concentration of 1:1, filtering the spore mixed suspension by using a 0.45nm filter membrane to prevent blocking of a drip hole of a drip irrigation tape in production. The bacillus subtilis has the effects of improving the endogenous hormone level of tomato plants, improving the stress resistance of the tomato plants, promoting the growth of tomato root systems, improving the condition of rhizosphere microbial population, increasing the number of bacteria, thereby improving the proportion of the bacteria and fungi, reducing the germination rate of the citrullus lanatus and reducing the parasitism of the citrullus lanatus to tomatoes; the streptomyces spinosus has the effects of promoting the growth of tomato root systems, increasing the lignification degree of the root systems in the middle growth stage of the tomatoes, improving the rhizosphere microbial population environment, increasing the number of actinomycetes, improving the proportion of actinomycetes and fungi, reducing the germination rate of the citrulline herba and reducing the parasitism of the citrulline herba on the tomatoes;
e. dripping ferrous sulfate and decomposed cow dung leaching liquor into the tomato during the whole tomato growth process every time, wherein the concentration of the ferrous sulfate in the drip irrigation water is 1:10000g/L, namely 10000L of drip irrigation water contains 1g of ferrous sulfate; the mass concentration of the decomposed cow dung leaching liquor is 20:10000L/L, namely 10000L of drip irrigation water contains 20L of decomposed cow dung leaching liquor;
f. after the tomatoes are harvested, a mode of combining trapping and killing with crop rotation trapping is adopted, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
catching and killing: chemical signal substances secreted by host crops are used for killing the broomrape by a physical or chemical method after sprouting, the stems and leaves of the tomatoes are smashed and turned into the soil of the tomato field for 22cm after harvesting at the beginning of 7-8 months, inducing substances secreted by the stems and leaves stimulate the broomrape seeds to sprout, no living tomatoes exist after sprouting, and the broomrape buds die by themselves;
rotation trapping and killing: the trapped crop capable of stimulating the seed germination of the orobanche coerulescens to kill the orobanche coerulescens seeds is planted, the corn is planted after 23 days, the Zhengdan 958 is selected for the corn, and the test proves that the Zhengdan 958 has a remarkable promoting effect on the seed germination of the orobanche coerulescens, but cannot enable the orobanche sexmaculans to be parasitic, the seed is only one-time living, and the orobanche sexmaculas seeds germinate after being stimulated but cannot meet hosts, and then can die naturally.
Early-maturing varieties are selected during tomato seedling culture and planting, the stems and leaves of the tomatoes are smashed and turned into the soil of a tomato field for 19cm after being harvested from the bottom of 7 months to the beginning of 8 months, the aim is to stimulate the emergence of the broomrape seeds in the soil by using an induction signal substance in the tomatoes, after living parasitic tomatoes do not exist, the broomrape buds cannot grow into seedlings and die, corns are planted after 22 days, the corns are selected as Zhengdan 958, and tests prove that the Zhengdan 958 has a remarkable promoting effect on the emergence of the broomrape seeds, but cannot allow the broomrape to be parasitized, the seeds only have one-time life, and the broomrape seeds germinate after being stimulated but cannot meet hosts and then die naturally.
Example 3: a tomato planting method capable of preventing parasitic tomatoes on orobanche cucurbitae comprises the following specific steps: early maturing tomato variety seedling raising, transplanting, managing → harvesting → tomato stem and leaf breaking → digging into soil 22.5cm deep and burying tightly → planting corn Zhengdan 958 18 days later.
The method mainly comprises the following steps:
a. seedling culture: early-maturing varieties are selected during tomato seedling culture and planting, a special substrate is selected during tomato seedling culture, and the substrate formula is as follows: 880 parts by weight of soil, 460 parts by weight of vermiculite, 190 parts by weight of decomposed farmyard manure, 0.6 part by weight of bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum and 0.8 part by weight of streptomyces densirotary microbial inoculum;
b. transplanting: covering a white thick mulching film during transplanting, wherein the thickness of the mulching film is 0.014 mm;
c. fertilizing: dripping urea for 3 times before blossom and at the early stage of fruit setting, wherein the concentration of urea is 10-4mol/L/L, the inhibition rate can reach more than 40 percent; the urea concentration is the urea content of single drip irrigation water consumption;
d. before flowering, beginning to drip water for the first time, stopping water before harvesting, dripping spore turbid liquid of the bacillus subtilis and the streptomyces spinosus for 4 times, dripping the spore turbid liquid of the bacillus subtilis and the streptomyces spinosus for 14 days/time, wherein the turbid liquid is prepared by mixing the bacillus subtilis and the streptomyces spinosus according to the concentration of 1: 1.1, filtering the spore mixed suspension by using a 0.45nm filter membrane to prevent blocking of a drip hole of a drip irrigation tape in production. The bacillus subtilis has the effects of improving the endogenous hormone level of tomato plants, improving the stress resistance of the tomato plants, promoting the growth of tomato root systems, improving the condition of rhizosphere microbial population, increasing the number of bacteria, thereby improving the proportion of the bacteria and fungi, reducing the germination rate of the citrullus lanatus and reducing the parasitism of the citrullus lanatus to tomatoes; the streptomyces spinosus has the effects of promoting the growth of tomato root systems, increasing the lignification degree of the root systems in the middle growth stage of the tomatoes, improving the rhizosphere microbial population environment, increasing the number of actinomycetes, improving the proportion of actinomycetes and fungi, reducing the germination rate of the citrulline herba and reducing the parasitism of the citrulline herba on the tomatoes;
e. dripping ferrous sulfate and decomposed cow dung leaching liquor into the tomato during the whole tomato growth process every time, wherein the concentration of the ferrous sulfate in the drip irrigation water is 3:10000g/L, namely 10000L of drip irrigation water contains 3g of ferrous sulfate; the mass concentration of the decomposed cow dung leaching liquor is 46:10000L/L, namely 10000L of drip irrigation water contains 46L of decomposed cow dung leaching liquor;
f. after the tomatoes are harvested, a mode of combining trapping and killing with crop rotation trapping is adopted, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
catching and killing: chemical signal substances secreted by host crops are used for killing the broomrape by a physical or chemical method after sprouting, the stems and leaves of the tomatoes are smashed and turned into the soil of the tomato field for 20.5cm after harvesting at the beginning of 7-8 months, inducing substances secreted by the stems and leaves stimulate the broomrape seeds to sprout, no living tomatoes exist after sprouting, and the broomrape buds die by themselves;
rotation trapping and killing: the trapped crop capable of stimulating the seed germination of the orobanche coerulescens is planted to eliminate the orobanche coerulescens seeds, the corn is planted after 20 days, the Zhengdan 958 is selected for the corn, and the test proves that the Zhengdan 958 has a remarkable promoting effect on the seed germination of the orobanche coerulescens, but cannot enable the orobanche coerulescens to be parasitic, the seed only has one-time life, and the orobanche coerulescens seeds germinate after being stimulated but cannot meet the host, and then can be naturally dead.
Early-maturing varieties are selected during tomato seedling culture and planting, the stems and leaves of the tomatoes are smashed and turned into the soil of a tomato field to be 22.5cm deep after harvesting from the bottom of 7 to 8 months, the aim is to stimulate the emergence of the seeds of the cucurbitacin in the soil by using an induction signal substance in the tomatoes, the cucurbitacin buds can not grow into seedlings and die after living parasitic tomatoes do not exist, corns are planted after 19 days, the corns adopt the Zhengdan 958, and tests prove that the Zhengdan 958 has a remarkable promoting effect on the germination of the seeds of the cucurbitacin, but can not allow the seeds of the cucurbitacin to be parasitic, the seeds only have one-time life, and the seeds of the cucurbitacin germinate but can not meet hosts after being stimulated and then die.
Example 4: a tomato planting method capable of preventing parasitic tomatoes on orobanche cucurbitae comprises the following specific steps: early maturing tomato variety seedling raising, transplanting, managing → harvesting → tomato stem and leaf breaking → digging into soil 22cm deep and burying tightly → planting corn Zhengdan 958 23 days later.
The method mainly comprises the following steps:
a. seedling culture: early-maturing varieties are selected during tomato seedling culture and planting, a special substrate is selected during tomato seedling culture, and the substrate formula is as follows: 1150 parts of soil, 590 parts of vermiculite, 195 parts of decomposed farmyard manure, 0.6 part of bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum and 0.8 part of streptomyces densirotary microbial inoculum by weight;
b. transplanting: covering a white thick mulching film during transplanting, wherein the thickness of the mulching film is 0.011 mm;
c. fertilizing: dripping urea for 3 times before blossom and at the early stage of fruit setting, wherein the concentration of urea is 10-5mol/L, the inhibition rate can reach more than 40 percent; the urea concentration is the urea content of single drip irrigation water consumption;
d. before flowering, beginning to drip water for the first time, stopping water before harvesting, dripping spore turbid liquid of the bacillus subtilis and the streptomyces spinosus for 5 times, dripping the spore turbid liquid of the bacillus subtilis and the streptomyces spinosus for 13 days/time, wherein the turbid liquid is prepared by mixing the bacillus subtilis and the streptomyces spinosus according to the concentration of 1: 1.2, filtering the spore mixed suspension by using a 0.45nm filter membrane to prevent blocking of a drip hole of a drip irrigation tape in production. The bacillus subtilis has the effects of improving the endogenous hormone level of tomato plants, improving the stress resistance of the tomato plants, promoting the growth of tomato root systems, improving the condition of rhizosphere microbial population, increasing the number of bacteria, thereby improving the proportion of the bacteria and fungi, reducing the germination rate of the citrullus lanatus and reducing the parasitism of the citrullus lanatus to tomatoes; the streptomyces spinosus has the effects of promoting the growth of tomato root systems, increasing the lignification degree of the root systems in the middle growth stage of the tomatoes, improving the rhizosphere microbial population environment, increasing the number of actinomycetes, improving the proportion of actinomycetes and fungi, reducing the germination rate of the citrulline herba and reducing the parasitism of the citrulline herba on the tomatoes;
e. dripping ferrous sulfate and decomposed cow dung leaching liquor into the tomato during the whole tomato growth process every time, wherein the concentration of the ferrous sulfate in the drip irrigation water is 5:10000g/L, namely 10000L of drip irrigation water contains 5g of ferrous sulfate; the mass concentration of the decomposed cow dung leaching liquor is 15:10000L/L, namely 10000L of drip irrigation water contains 15L of decomposed cow dung leaching liquor;
f. after the tomatoes are harvested, a mode of combining trapping and killing with crop rotation trapping is adopted, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
catching and killing: chemical signal substances secreted by host crops are used for killing the broomrape by a physical or chemical method after sprouting, the stems and leaves of the tomatoes are smashed and turned into the soil of the tomato field for 21cm after harvesting at the beginning of 7-8 months, inducing substances secreted by the stems and leaves stimulate the broomrape seeds to sprout, no living tomatoes exist after sprouting, and the broomrape buds die by themselves;
rotation trapping and killing: the trapped crop capable of stimulating the seed germination of the orobanche coerulescens is planted to eliminate the orobanche coerulescens seeds, the corn is planted after 20 days, the Zhengdan 958 is selected for the corn, and the test proves that the Zhengdan 958 has a remarkable promoting effect on the seed germination of the orobanche coerulescens, but cannot enable the orobanche coerulescens to be parasitic, the seed only has one-time life, and the orobanche coerulescens seeds germinate after being stimulated but cannot meet the host, and then can be naturally dead.
Early-maturing varieties are selected during tomato seedling culture and planting, the stems and leaves of the tomatoes are smashed and turned into the soil of a tomato field to be 18cm deep after being harvested from the beginning of 7 to 8 months, the aim is to stimulate the emergence of the seeds of the cucurbitacin in the soil by using an induction signal substance in the tomatoes, after living parasitic tomatoes do not exist, the buds of the cucurbitacin cannot grow into seedlings and die, corns are planted after 21 days, the corns are selected to be Zheng bills 958, and tests prove that the Zheng bills 958 has a remarkable promoting effect on the germination of the seeds of the cucurbitacin, but cannot allow the seeds of the cucurbitacin to be parasitized, the seeds only have one-time life, and the seeds of the cucurbitacin germinate but cannot meet hosts after.
Example 5: a tomato planting method capable of preventing parasitic tomatoes on orobanche cucurbitae comprises the following specific steps: early maturing tomato variety seedling raising, transplanting, managing → harvesting → tomato stem and leaf breaking → digging into soil 20.5cm deep and burying tightly → planting corn Zhengdan 958 20 days later.
The method mainly comprises the following steps:
a. seedling culture: early-maturing varieties are selected during tomato seedling culture and planting, a special substrate is selected during tomato seedling culture, and the substrate formula is as follows: 900 parts by weight of soil, 570 parts by weight of vermiculite, 270 parts by weight of decomposed farmyard manure, 0.6 part by weight of bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum and 1.3 parts by weight of streptomyces densirotary microbial inoculum;
b. transplanting: covering a white thick mulching film during transplanting, wherein the thickness of the mulching film is 0.014 mm;
c. fertilizing: dripping urea for 3 times before blossom and at the early stage of fruit setting, wherein the concentration of urea is 10-4mol/L, the inhibition rate can reach more than 40 percent; the urea concentration is the urea content of single drip irrigation water consumption;
d. before flowering, beginning to drip water for the first time, stopping water before harvesting, dripping spore turbid liquid of the bacillus subtilis and the streptomyces spinosus for 5 times, dripping the spore turbid liquid of the bacillus subtilis and the streptomyces spinosus for 8 days/time, wherein the turbid liquid is prepared by mixing the bacillus subtilis and the streptomyces spinosus according to the concentration of 1: 1.1, filtering the spore mixed suspension by using a 0.45nm filter membrane to prevent blocking of a drip hole of a drip irrigation tape in production. The bacillus subtilis has the effects of improving the endogenous hormone level of tomato plants, improving the stress resistance of the tomato plants, promoting the growth of tomato root systems, improving the condition of rhizosphere microbial population, increasing the number of bacteria, thereby improving the proportion of the bacteria and fungi, reducing the germination rate of the citrullus lanatus and reducing the parasitism of the citrullus lanatus to tomatoes; the streptomyces spinosus has the effects of promoting the growth of tomato root systems, increasing the lignification degree of the root systems in the middle growth stage of the tomatoes, improving the rhizosphere microbial population environment, increasing the number of actinomycetes, improving the proportion of actinomycetes and fungi, reducing the germination rate of the citrulline herba and reducing the parasitism of the citrulline herba on the tomatoes;
e. dripping ferrous sulfate and decomposed cow dung leaching liquor into the tomato during the whole tomato growth process every time, wherein the concentration of the ferrous sulfate in the drip irrigation water is 3.5:10000g/L, namely 10000L of drip irrigation water contains 3.5g of ferrous sulfate; the mass concentration of the decomposed cow dung leaching liquor is 40:10000L/L, namely 10000L of drip irrigation water contains 40L of decomposed cow dung leaching liquor;
f. after the tomatoes are harvested, a mode of combining trapping and killing with crop rotation trapping is adopted, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
catching and killing: chemical signal substances secreted by host crops are used for killing the broomrape by a physical or chemical method after sprouting, the stems and leaves of the tomatoes are smashed and turned into the soil of the tomato field for 21.9cm after harvesting at the beginning of 7-8 months, inducing substances secreted by the stems and leaves stimulate the broomrape seeds to sprout, no living tomatoes exist after sprouting, and the broomrape buds die by themselves;
rotation trapping and killing: the trapped crop capable of stimulating the seed germination of the orobanche coerulescens is planted to eliminate the orobanche coerulescens seeds, the corn is planted after 20.9 days, the corn adopts the Zhengdan 958, and the test proves that the Zhengdan 958 has a remarkable promoting effect on the seed germination of the orobanche coerulescens, but cannot enable the orobanche coerulescens to be parasitic, the seed only has one-time life, and the orobanche coerulescens seeds germinate after being stimulated but cannot meet hosts, and then can naturally die.
Early-maturing varieties are selected during tomato seedling culture and planting, the stems and leaves of the tomatoes are smashed and turned into the fast soil of a tomato field to be 18.3cm deep after harvesting from 7 months to 8 months, the aim is to stimulate the emergence of the seeds of the cucurbitacin in the soil by using an induction signal substance in the tomatoes, the cucurbitacin buds can not grow into seedlings and die after living parasitic tomatoes do not exist, the corns are planted after 20 days, the corn is selected as the Zheng bill 958, and tests prove that the Zheng bill 958 has a remarkable promoting effect on the germination of the seeds of the cucurbitacin, but can not allow the seeds of the cucurbitacin to be parasitic, the seeds only have one-time life, and the seeds of the cucurbitacin can germinate but can not meet hosts after being stimulated.
Example 6: a tomato planting method capable of preventing parasitic tomatoes on orobanche cucurbitae comprises the following specific steps: early maturing tomato variety seedling raising, transplanting, managing → harvesting → tomato stem and leaf breaking → digging into soil 19cm deep and burying tightly → planting corn Zhengdan 958 18 days later.
The method mainly comprises the following steps:
a. seedling culture: early-maturing varieties are selected during tomato seedling culture and planting, a special substrate is selected during tomato seedling culture, and the substrate formula is as follows: 990 parts of soil, 510 parts of vermiculite, 260 parts of decomposed farmyard manure, 0.65 part of bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum and 1.25 parts of streptomyces densirotary microbial inoculum;
b. transplanting: covering a white thick mulching film during transplanting, wherein the thickness of the mulching film is 0.012 mm;
c. fertilizing: dripping urea for 3 times before blossom and at the early stage of fruit setting, wherein the concentration of urea is 10-5mol/L, the inhibition rate can reach more than 40 percent; the urea concentration is the urea content of single drip irrigation water consumption;
d. before flowering, beginning to drip water for the first time, stopping water before harvesting, dripping spore turbid liquid of the bacillus subtilis and the streptomyces spinosus for 4 times, dripping the spore turbid liquid of the bacillus subtilis and the streptomyces spinosus for 15 days/time, wherein the turbid liquid is the bacillus subtilis and the streptomyces spinosus according to the concentration of 1: and mixing at a ratio of 0.85, and filtering the spore mixed suspension by using a 0.45nm filter membrane to prevent the drop holes of the drip irrigation tape in production from being blocked. The bacillus subtilis has the effects of improving the endogenous hormone level of tomato plants, improving the stress resistance of the tomato plants, promoting the growth of tomato root systems, improving the condition of rhizosphere microbial population, increasing the number of bacteria, thereby improving the proportion of the bacteria and fungi, reducing the germination rate of the citrullus lanatus and reducing the parasitism of the citrullus lanatus to tomatoes; the streptomyces spinosus has the effects of promoting the growth of tomato root systems, increasing the lignification degree of the root systems in the middle growth stage of the tomatoes, improving the rhizosphere microbial population environment, increasing the number of actinomycetes, improving the proportion of actinomycetes and fungi, reducing the germination rate of the citrulline herba and reducing the parasitism of the citrulline herba on the tomatoes;
e. dripping ferrous sulfate and decomposed cow dung leaching liquor into the tomato during the whole tomato growth process every time, wherein the concentration of the ferrous sulfate in the drip irrigation water is 4.5:10000g/L, namely 10000L of drip irrigation water contains 4.5g of ferrous sulfate; the mass concentration of the decomposed cow dung leach liquor is 12:10000L/L, namely 10000L of drip irrigation water contains 12L of decomposed cow dung leach liquor;
f. after the tomatoes are harvested, a mode of combining trapping and killing with crop rotation trapping is adopted, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
catching and killing: chemical signal substances secreted by host crops are used for killing the broomrape by a physical or chemical method after sprouting, the stems and leaves of the tomatoes are smashed and turned into the soil of the tomato field for 19.5cm after harvesting at the beginning of 7-8 months, inducing substances secreted by the stems and leaves stimulate the broomrape seeds to sprout, no living tomatoes exist after sprouting, and the broomrape buds die by themselves;
rotation trapping and killing: the trapped crop capable of stimulating the seed germination of the orobanche coerulescens to kill the orobanche coerulescens seeds is planted, the corn is planted after 22 days, the Zhengdan 958 is selected for the corn, and the test proves that the Zhengdan 958 has a remarkable promoting effect on the seed germination of the orobanche coerulescens, but cannot enable the orobanche sexmaculans to be parasitic, the seed only has one-time life, and the orobanche sexmaculas seeds germinate after being stimulated but cannot meet the host, and then can naturally die.
Early-maturing varieties are selected during tomato seedling culture and planting, the stems and leaves of the tomatoes are smashed and turned into the soil of a tomato field for 23cm after being harvested from the beginning of 7-8 months, the aim is to stimulate the emergence of the seeds of the cucurbitacin in the soil by using an induction signal substance in the tomatoes, after living parasitic tomatoes do not exist, the buds of the cucurbitacin cannot grow into seedlings and die, the corns are planted after 18 days, the corn is selected as the Zheng bill 958, and tests prove that the Zheng bill 958 has a remarkable promoting effect on the germination of the seeds of the cucurbitacin, but cannot allow the seeds of the cucurbitacin to be parasitic, the seeds only have one-time life, and the seeds of the cucurbitacin can germinate but cannot meet hosts after being stimulated.
Example 7: a tomato planting method capable of preventing parasitic tomatoes on orobanche cucurbitae comprises the following specific steps: early maturing tomato variety seedling raising, transplanting, managing → harvesting → tomato stem and leaf breaking → digging into soil 22.5cm deep and burying tightly → planting corn Zhengdan 958 22 days later.
The method mainly comprises the following steps:
a. seedling culture: early-maturing varieties are selected during tomato seedling culture and planting, a special substrate is selected during tomato seedling culture, and the substrate formula is as follows: 1200 parts of soil, 500 parts of vermiculite, 130 parts of decomposed farmyard manure, 1.4 parts of bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum and 0.6 part of streptomyces densirotary microbial inoculum by weight;
b. transplanting: covering a white thick mulching film during transplanting, wherein the thickness of the mulching film is 0.01 mm;
c. fertilizing: dripping urea for 3 times before blossom and at the early stage of fruit setting, wherein the concentration of urea is 10-4mol/L/L, the inhibition rate can reach more than 40 percent; the urea concentration is the urea content of single drip irrigation water consumption;
d. before flowering, beginning to drip water for the first time, stopping water before harvesting, dripping spore turbid liquid of the bacillus subtilis and the streptomyces spinosus for 4 times, dripping the spore turbid liquid of the bacillus subtilis and the streptomyces spinosus for 9 days/time, wherein the turbid liquid is the bacillus subtilis and the streptomyces spinosus according to the concentration of 1: 0.95 percent, and filtering the spore mixed suspension by using a 0.45nm filter membrane to prevent the drop holes of the drip irrigation tape in production from being blocked. The bacillus subtilis has the effects of improving the endogenous hormone level of tomato plants, improving the stress resistance of the tomato plants, promoting the growth of tomato root systems, improving the condition of rhizosphere microbial population, increasing the number of bacteria, thereby improving the proportion of the bacteria and fungi, reducing the germination rate of the citrullus lanatus and reducing the parasitism of the citrullus lanatus to tomatoes; the streptomyces spinosus has the effects of promoting the growth of tomato root systems, increasing the lignification degree of the root systems in the middle growth stage of the tomatoes, improving the rhizosphere microbial population environment, increasing the number of actinomycetes, improving the proportion of actinomycetes and fungi, reducing the germination rate of the citrulline herba and reducing the parasitism of the citrulline herba on the tomatoes;
e. dripping ferrous sulfate and decomposed cow dung leaching liquor into the tomato during the whole tomato growth process every time, wherein the concentration of the ferrous sulfate in the drip irrigation water is 3:10000g/L, namely 10000L of drip irrigation water contains 3g of ferrous sulfate; the mass concentration of the decomposed cow dung leach liquor is 44:10000L/L, namely 10000L of drip irrigation water is used, and the decomposed cow dung leach liquor is 44L;
f. after the tomatoes are harvested, a mode of combining trapping and killing with crop rotation trapping is adopted, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
catching and killing: chemical signal substances secreted by host crops are used for killing the broomrape by a physical or chemical method after sprouting, the stems and leaves of the tomatoes are smashed and turned into the soil of the tomato field for 18cm after harvesting at the beginning of 7-8 months, inducing substances secreted by the stems and leaves stimulate the broomrape seeds to sprout, no living tomatoes exist after sprouting, and the broomrape buds die by themselves;
rotation trapping and killing: the trapped crop capable of stimulating the seed germination of the orobanche coerulescens is planted to eliminate the orobanche coerulescens seeds, the corn is planted after 21 days, the Zhengdan 958 is selected for the corn, and the test proves that the Zhengdan 958 has a remarkable promoting effect on the seed germination of the orobanche coerulescens, but cannot enable the orobanche coerulescens to be parasitic, the seed only has one-time life, and the orobanche coerulescens seeds germinate after being stimulated but cannot meet the host, and then can be naturally dead.
Early-maturing varieties are selected during tomato seedling culture and planting, the stems and leaves of the tomatoes are smashed and turned into the soil of a tomato field to be 19.1cm deep after harvesting from the bottom of 7 to 8 months, the aim is to stimulate the emergence of the seeds of the cucurbitacin in the soil by using an induction signal substance in the tomatoes, the cucurbitacin buds can not grow into seedlings and die after living parasitic tomatoes do not exist, the corns are planted after 19 days, the corn is selected as the Zheng bill 958, and tests prove that the Zheng bill 958 has a remarkable promoting effect on the germination of the seeds of the cucurbitacin bills, but can not allow the seeds of the cucurbitacin bills to be parasitic, the seeds only have one-time life, and the seeds of the cucurbitacin bills germinate but can not meet hosts.
Example 8: a tomato planting method capable of preventing parasitic tomatoes on orobanche cucurbitae comprises the following specific steps: early maturing tomato variety seedling raising, transplanting, managing → harvesting → tomato stem and leaf breaking → digging into soil 23cm deep and burying tightly → planting corn Zhengdan 958 20 days later.
The method mainly comprises the following steps:
a. seedling culture: early-maturing varieties are selected during tomato seedling culture and planting, a special substrate is selected during tomato seedling culture, and the substrate formula is as follows: 960 parts of soil, 590 parts of vermiculite, 260 parts of decomposed farmyard manure, 0.8 part of bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum and 0.6 part of streptomyces densirotary microbial inoculum;
b. transplanting: covering a white thick mulching film during transplanting, wherein the thickness of the mulching film is 0.012 mm;
c. fertilizing: dripping urea for 3 times before blossom and at the early stage of fruit setting, wherein the concentration of urea is 10-4mol/L, the inhibition rate can reach more than 40 percent; the urea concentration is the urea content of single drip irrigation water consumption;
d. before flowering, beginning to drip water for the first time, stopping water before harvesting, dripping spore suspension of the bacillus subtilis and the streptomyces spinosus for 5 times, dripping the spore suspension for 14 days/time, wherein the suspension is prepared from the bacillus subtilis and the streptomyces spinosus according to the concentration of 1: 1.1, filtering the spore mixed suspension by using a 0.45nm filter membrane to prevent blocking of a drip hole of a drip irrigation tape in production. The bacillus subtilis has the effects of improving the endogenous hormone level of tomato plants, improving the stress resistance of the tomato plants, promoting the growth of tomato root systems, improving the condition of rhizosphere microbial population, increasing the number of bacteria, thereby improving the proportion of the bacteria and fungi, reducing the germination rate of the citrullus lanatus and reducing the parasitism of the citrullus lanatus to tomatoes; the streptomyces spinosus has the effects of promoting the growth of tomato root systems, increasing the lignification degree of the root systems in the middle growth stage of the tomatoes, improving the rhizosphere microbial population environment, increasing the number of actinomycetes, improving the proportion of actinomycetes and fungi, reducing the germination rate of the citrulline herba and reducing the parasitism of the citrulline herba on the tomatoes;
e. dripping ferrous sulfate and decomposed cow dung leaching liquor into the tomato during the whole tomato growth process every time, wherein the concentration of the ferrous sulfate in the drip irrigation water is 2:10000g/L, namely 10000L of drip irrigation water contains 2g of ferrous sulfate; the mass concentration of the decomposed cow dung leaching liquor is 40:10000L/L, namely 10000L of drip irrigation water contains 40L of decomposed cow dung leaching liquor;
f. after the tomatoes are harvested, a mode of combining trapping and killing with crop rotation trapping is adopted, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
catching and killing: chemical signal substances secreted by host crops are used for killing the broomrape by a physical or chemical method after sprouting, the stems and leaves of the tomatoes are smashed and turned into the soil of the tomato field for 20.8cm after harvesting at the beginning of 7-8 months, inducing substances secreted by the stems and leaves stimulate the broomrape seeds to sprout, no living tomatoes exist after sprouting, and the broomrape buds die by themselves;
rotation trapping and killing: the trapped crop capable of stimulating the seed germination of the orobanche coerulescens is planted to kill the orobanche coerulescens seeds for 19 days, the corn is selected from Zhengdan 958, and tests prove that the Zhengdan 958 has a remarkable promoting effect on the seed germination of the orobanche coerulescens, but the orobanche coerulescens cannot be parasitized, the seed is only once alive, and the orobanche coerulescens seeds germinate after being stimulated but cannot meet hosts, and then die naturally.
Early-maturing varieties are selected during tomato seedling culture and planting, the stems and leaves of the tomatoes are smashed and turned into the soil of a tomato field for 23cm after being harvested from the beginning of 7-8 months, the aim is to stimulate the emergence of the seeds of the cucurbitacin in the soil by using an induction signal substance in the tomatoes, after living parasitic tomatoes do not exist, the buds of the cucurbitacin cannot grow into seedlings and die, corns are planted after 20 days, the corn is selected as the Zheng bill 958, and tests prove that the Zheng bill 958 has a remarkable promoting effect on the germination of the seeds of the cucurbitacin but cannot allow the seeds of the cucurbitacin to be parasitic, the seeds only have one-time life, and the seeds of the cucurbitacin germinate but cannot meet hosts after being stimulated, and then.
Example 9: a tomato planting method capable of preventing parasitic tomatoes on orobanche cucurbitae comprises the following specific steps: early maturing tomato variety seedling raising, transplanting, managing → harvesting → tomato stem and leaf breaking → digging into soil 19cm deep and burying tightly → planting corn Zhengdan 958 18 days later.
The method mainly comprises the following steps:
a. seedling culture: early-maturing varieties are selected during tomato seedling culture and planting, a special substrate is selected during tomato seedling culture, and the substrate formula is as follows: 1050 parts by weight of soil, 420 parts by weight of vermiculite, 110 parts by weight of decomposed farmyard manure, 1.4 parts by weight of bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum and 0.7 part by weight of streptomyces densirotary microbial inoculum;
b. transplanting: covering a white thick mulching film during transplanting, wherein the thickness of the mulching film is 0.011 mm;
c. fertilizing: dripping urea for 3 times before blossom and at the early stage of fruit setting, wherein the concentration of urea is 10-5mol/L, the inhibition rate can reach more than 40 percent; the urea concentration is the urea content of single drip irrigation water consumption;
d. before flowering, beginning to drip water for the first time, stopping water before harvesting, dripping spore turbid liquid of the bacillus subtilis and the streptomyces spinosus for 5 times, dripping the spore turbid liquid of the bacillus subtilis and the streptomyces spinosus for 9 days/time, wherein the turbid liquid is prepared by mixing the bacillus subtilis and the streptomyces spinosus according to the concentration of 1: 1.2, filtering the spore mixed suspension by using a 0.45nm filter membrane to prevent blocking of a drip hole of a drip irrigation tape in production. The bacillus subtilis has the effects of improving the endogenous hormone level of tomato plants, improving the stress resistance of the tomato plants, promoting the growth of tomato root systems, improving the condition of rhizosphere microbial population, increasing the number of bacteria, thereby improving the proportion of the bacteria and fungi, reducing the germination rate of the citrullus lanatus and reducing the parasitism of the citrullus lanatus to tomatoes; the streptomyces spinosus has the effects of promoting the growth of tomato root systems, increasing the lignification degree of the root systems in the middle growth stage of the tomatoes, improving the rhizosphere microbial population environment, increasing the number of actinomycetes, improving the proportion of actinomycetes and fungi, reducing the germination rate of the citrulline herba and reducing the parasitism of the citrulline herba on the tomatoes;
e. dripping ferrous sulfate and decomposed cow dung leaching liquor into the tomato during the whole tomato growth process every time, wherein the concentration of the ferrous sulfate in the drip irrigation water is 1:10000g/L, namely 10000L of drip irrigation water contains 1g of ferrous sulfate; the mass concentration of the decomposed cow dung leaching liquor is 50:10000L/L, namely 10000L of drip irrigation water contains 50L of decomposed cow dung leaching liquor;
f. after the tomatoes are harvested, a mode of combining trapping and killing with crop rotation trapping is adopted, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
catching and killing: chemical signal substances secreted by host crops are used for killing the broomrape by a physical or chemical method after sprouting, the stems and leaves of the tomatoes are smashed and turned into the soil of the tomato field for 18cm after harvesting at the beginning of 7-8 months, inducing substances secreted by the stems and leaves stimulate the broomrape seeds to sprout, no living tomatoes exist after sprouting, and the broomrape buds die by themselves;
rotation trapping and killing: the trapped crop capable of stimulating the seed germination of the orobanche coerulescens to kill the orobanche coerulescens seeds is planted, the corn is planted after 22 days, the Zhengdan 958 is selected for the corn, and the test proves that the Zhengdan 958 has a remarkable promoting effect on the seed germination of the orobanche coerulescens, but cannot enable the orobanche sexmaculans to be parasitic, the seed only has one-time life, and the orobanche sexmaculas seeds germinate after being stimulated but cannot meet the host, and then can naturally die.
Early-maturing varieties are selected during tomato seedling culture and planting, the stems and leaves of the tomatoes are smashed and turned into the fast soil of a tomato field to be 18.5cm deep after harvesting from 7 months to 8 months, the aim is to stimulate the emergence of the seeds of the cucurbitacin in the soil by using an induction signal substance in the tomatoes, the cucurbitacin buds can not grow into seedlings and die after living parasitic tomatoes do not exist, the corns are planted after 21 days, the corn is selected as the Zheng bill 958, and tests prove that the Zheng bill 958 has a remarkable promoting effect on the germination of the seeds of the cucurbitacin, but can not allow the seeds of the cucurbitacin to be parasitic, the seeds only have one-time life, and the seeds of the cucurbitacin can germinate but can not meet hosts after being stimulated.
Example 10: a tomato planting method capable of preventing parasitic tomatoes on orobanche cucurbitae comprises the following specific steps: early maturing tomato variety seedling raising, transplanting, managing → harvesting → tomato stem and leaf breaking → digging into soil 18cm deep and burying tightly → planting corn Zhengdan 958 after 21 days.
The method mainly comprises the following steps:
a. seedling culture: early-maturing varieties are selected during tomato seedling culture and planting, a special substrate is selected during tomato seedling culture, and the substrate formula is as follows: 820 parts of soil, 530 parts of vermiculite, 240 parts of decomposed farmyard manure, 1.4 parts of bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum and 0.6 part of streptomyces densirotary microbial inoculum;
b. transplanting: covering a white thick mulching film during transplanting, wherein the thickness of the mulching film is 0.013 mm;
c. fertilizing: dripping urea for 3 times before blossom and at the early stage of fruit setting, wherein the concentration of urea is 10-4mol/L, the inhibition rate can reach more than 40 percent; the urea concentration is the urea content of single drip irrigation water consumption;
d. before flowering, beginning to drip water for the first time, stopping water before harvesting, dripping spore turbid liquid of the bacillus subtilis and the streptomyces spinosus for 4 times, dripping the spore turbid liquid of the bacillus subtilis and the streptomyces spinosus for 15 days/time, wherein the turbid liquid is the bacillus subtilis and the streptomyces spinosus according to the concentration of 1:1, filtering the spore mixed suspension by using a 0.45nm filter membrane to prevent blocking of a drip hole of a drip irrigation tape in production. The bacillus subtilis has the effects of improving the endogenous hormone level of tomato plants, improving the stress resistance of the tomato plants, promoting the growth of tomato root systems, improving the condition of rhizosphere microbial population, increasing the number of bacteria, thereby improving the proportion of the bacteria and fungi, reducing the germination rate of the citrullus lanatus and reducing the parasitism of the citrullus lanatus to tomatoes; the streptomyces spinosus has the effects of promoting the growth of tomato root systems, increasing the lignification degree of the root systems in the middle growth stage of the tomatoes, improving the rhizosphere microbial population environment, increasing the number of actinomycetes, improving the proportion of actinomycetes and fungi, reducing the germination rate of the citrulline herba and reducing the parasitism of the citrulline herba on the tomatoes;
e. dripping ferrous sulfate and decomposed cow dung leaching liquor into the tomato during the whole tomato growth process every time, wherein the concentration of the ferrous sulfate in the drip irrigation water is 4:10000g/L, namely 10000L of drip irrigation water contains 4g of ferrous sulfate; the mass concentration of the decomposed cow dung leaching liquor is 45:10000L/L, namely 45L of the decomposed cow dung leaching liquor is contained in 10000L of drip irrigation water;
f. after the tomatoes are harvested, a mode of combining trapping and killing with crop rotation trapping is adopted, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
catching and killing: chemical signal substances secreted by host crops are used for killing the broomrape by a physical or chemical method after sprouting, the stems and leaves of the tomatoes are smashed and turned into the soil of the tomato field for 20cm after harvesting at the beginning of 7-8 months, inducing substances secreted by the stems and leaves stimulate the broomrape seeds to sprout, no living tomatoes exist after sprouting, and the broomrape buds die by themselves;
rotation trapping and killing: the trapped crop capable of stimulating the seed germination of the orobanche coerulescens to kill the orobanche coerulescens seeds is planted, the corn is planted after 23 days, the Zhengdan 958 is selected for the corn, and the test proves that the Zhengdan 958 has a remarkable promoting effect on the seed germination of the orobanche coerulescens, but cannot enable the orobanche sexmaculans to be parasitic, the seed is only one-time living, and the orobanche sexmaculas seeds germinate after being stimulated but cannot meet hosts, and then can die naturally.
Early-maturing varieties are selected during tomato seedling culture and planting, the stems and leaves of the tomatoes are smashed and turned into the soil of a tomato field to be 19.5cm deep after harvesting from the bottom of 7 to 8 months, the aim is to stimulate the emergence of the seeds of the cucurbitacin in the soil by using an induction signal substance in the tomatoes, the cucurbitacin buds can not grow into seedlings and die after living parasitic tomatoes do not exist, the corns are planted after 22 days, the corn is selected by the Zheng bill 958, and tests prove that the Zheng bill 958 has a remarkable promoting effect on the germination of the seeds of the cucurbitacin bills, but can not allow the seeds of the cucurbitacin bills to be parasitic, the seeds only have one-time life, and the seeds of the cucurbitacin bills germinate after being stimulated but can.
Claims (3)
1. A tomato planting method capable of preventing parasitic tomatoes on orobanche cucurbitae comprises the following steps:
a. seedling culture: the special substrate is selected when the tomato seedlings are raised, and the formula of the substrate is as follows: 800-1200 parts of soil, 400-600 parts of vermiculite, 100-300 parts of decomposed farmyard manure, 0.5-1.5 parts of bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum and 0.5-1.5 parts of streptomyces densirotary microbial inoculum by weight;
b. transplanting: covering a white thick mulching film during transplanting, wherein the thickness of the mulching film is 0.01-0.014 mm;
c. fertilizing: dripping urea for 3 times before blossom and at the early stage of fruit setting, wherein the concentration of urea is 10-4mol/L-10-5mol/L, the inhibition rate can reach more than 40 percent;
d. the method comprises the following steps of beginning to drip water for the first time before blossom, stopping water before harvesting, dripping spore turbid liquid of bacillus subtilis and streptomyces spinosus for 4-5 times, dripping the spore turbid liquid of the bacillus subtilis and the streptomyces spinosus for 8-15 days/time, wherein the turbid liquid is the bacillus subtilis and the streptomyces spinosus according to the concentration of 1: mixing the suspension in a ratio of 0.8-1.2, and filtering the suspension by using a 0.45nm filter membrane to prevent the clogging of a drip hole of a drip irrigation belt in production;
e. dripping ferrous sulfate and decomposed cow dung leaching liquor into the tomato in each water dripping process in the whole tomato growth process, wherein the concentration of the ferrous sulfate in the drip irrigation water is 1-5: 10000, and the mass concentration of the decomposed cow dung leaching liquor is 1-50: 1000, namely the concentration of the ferrous sulfate in dripping is 1-5: 10000g/L, and the concentration of the decomposed cow dung leaching liquor in dripping is 10-50: 10000L/L;
f. after the tomatoes are harvested, a mode of combining trapping and killing with crop rotation trapping is adopted, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
after harvesting at the bottom of 7 months to the beginning of 8 months, the tomato stems and leaves are smashed and then turned into the soil of the tomato field to be 18-23 cm deep, corn is planted 18-23 days later, and Zhengdan 958 is selected as the corn.
2. The tomato planting method of claim 1 capable of preventing the tomato parasitizing in oroxylum cucurbitacearum, wherein: early-maturing varieties are selected during tomato seedling culture and planting, namely the varieties can be harvested at the bottom of 7 months to the beginning of 8 months after planting.
3. The tomato planting method of claim 1 capable of preventing the tomato parasitizing in oroxylum cucurbitacearum, wherein: the concentration of the urea is the urea content of the water consumption for single drip irrigation.
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