CN106957185A - A kind of integrated compositing system of house refuse and its compost method - Google Patents
A kind of integrated compositing system of house refuse and its compost method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106957185A CN106957185A CN201710372576.4A CN201710372576A CN106957185A CN 106957185 A CN106957185 A CN 106957185A CN 201710372576 A CN201710372576 A CN 201710372576A CN 106957185 A CN106957185 A CN 106957185A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/02—Apparatus for the manufacture
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/80—Separation, elimination or disposal of harmful substances during the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/04—Biological compost
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of integrated compositing system of house refuse and its compost method, described system it include refuse classification and heavy metals removal device, in-vessel composting system and Ozone removal equipment, by refuse classification and heavy metals removal device by heavy metals removal in the impurity in rubbish and rubbish flushing liquor, the mud for rinsing liquid precipitate carries out compost in in-vessel composting system, and the foul smell that compost is produced is absorbed by Ozone removal equipment.The present invention uses water flushing-gravity final election-flushing water repetitive cycling to utilize the method being combined, and house refuse is produced organic fertilizer has low cost, sorts advantage that is thorough, saving water resource.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the reutilization technology of house refuse, the method that organic fertilizer is produced especially with house refuse.
Background technology
House refuse refers in daily life or provided for daily life the solid waste produced in the activity serviced
And law, administrative regulation provide to be considered as the solid waste of house refuse.House refuse is divided into four classes, you can recovery rubbish,
Kitchen garbage, Harmful Waste and Other Waste.Recyclable rubbish includes metal, plastic and glass etc., and this part rubbish is by adding
Recyclable after work is useful resources;Kitchen garbage includes the foodstuff wastes, this part rubbish such as leftovers leftovers, bone, dish green tops
Rubbish can produce organic fertilizer after treatment;Harmful Waste include refuse battery, useless fluorescent tube, useless mercurial thermometer and Expired drug
Deng containing heavy metal in this part rubbish, water body and Soil Environmental Pollution easily caused in stacking and processing procedure, be rubbish
Rubbish processing and comprehensive utilization include the problem of urgent need to resolve removal during production organic fertilizer.
Three steps are generally comprised currently with the method for consumer garbage compost, one is that house refuse is entered using WATER-WASHING METHOD
Row sorting;Two be that the heavy metal in house refuse flushing liquor is removed using plant;Three be to remove in municipal solid waste composting to produce
Raw foul smell.In composting process, mostly without regular in-vessel composting system, in the in-vessel composting system being disclosed, there is following two special
Profit:
Chinese patent 2017100249874 discloses a kind of novel household garbage in-vessel composting system, including control storehouse, in-vessel composting system with
And percolate processing well.The apparatus structure is complicated, and power consumption is big, due to not having heavy metal treatment measures, with being appropriate only for rural area
Area's house refuse carries out compost treatment, is used so being unable to spread.
Chinese patent 2010105133406 discloses a kind of consumer garbage compost storehouse, and it is actually a sealing
In-vessel composting system, in-vessel composting system bottom is provided with tank, and the rubbish fermentation promoted in in-vessel composting system is heated by solar energy feed trough.The device without
Method realizes the removal of heavy metals in garbage.
Therefore, be badly in need of a kind of simple in construction, low cost, house refuse can be sorted simultaneously, go removing heavy metals and
Except the compositing system of foul smell.
Similarly, at present also without complete set, operability utilization consumer garbage compost method, it is disclosed
Have in technology, be removed both for the heavy metal removed in house refuse greatly, the technology relevant with minimizing technology of the present invention
It is to have the heavy metal removed using plant in house refuse, it is necessary to add chemical reagent in flushing liquor or planting during implementation
Some renovation agents are sprayed on thing cauline leaf, such as:
The heavy metal that Chinese patent 200910069577.7 is directed in leacheate is removed, and method is added in leacheate
Plus EDTA, then the heavy metal accumulation in leacheate is transferred in plant with plant, so that by the heavy metals removal in leacheate.
Although the patent of invention has carried out effective removal to heavy metal in leacheate, but still there is the heavy metal being enriched in plant such as
What could removed problem.
Chinese Patent Application No. 201510226856.5 disclose " Tupersan reinforcing turfgrass extract consumer garbage compost
Application in terms of heavy metal " it respectively use Tupersan and EDTA, the method that removing heavy metals are removed using the enrichment of plant;Its
Principle is removed as patent 200910069577.7, how equally exist the heavy metal being enriched in plant could be removed
Problem.
" chlorine pyrazothion extracts consumer garbage compost with much money to Chinese Patent Application No. 201510226896.X in reinforcing turfgrass
Addition chlorine pyrazothion is described in application in terms of category " to elute compost, and using Festuca Arundinacea to heavy metal in leacheate
It is enriched with, although contribute to heavy metal to be removed from compost, but because addition chlorine pyrazothion causes to produce secondary pollution simultaneously
And cause the technical barrier that heavy metal is collected and removed in plant.
Above three patent causes flushing liquor not follow in heavy metals removal in plant due to the addition of chemical reagent
Ring is used, and improves cost.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome that existing consumer garbage compost chamber structure is complicated, sorting not thoroughly to the harmful effect of organic fat matter with
And power consumption is big, the technological deficiency of high cost, the present invention provides a kind of house refuse integrated compositing system.Given birth to using the system
Organic fertilizer is produced, the heavy metal in rubbish has not only been eradicated, and flushing water is recycled, is ensureing the premise of fertile matter
Under improve efficiency.
Present invention simultaneously provides the method that organic fertilizer is produced using the system.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention is adopted the technical scheme that:
A kind of integrated compositing system of house refuse, it is characterised in that it include refuse classification and heavy metals removal device,
In-vessel composting system and Ozone removal equipment, wherein:
Described refuse classification and heavy metals removal device include a water channel, and according to purposes point, water channel is divided into three sections, water
Canal first paragraph is the purge zone of rubbish, and water channel second segment is rinses the removal section of liquid heavy metal, and the 3rd section of water channel is flushing liquor
Precipitating phase, it is desirable to which the diameter that the 3rd section of water channel is less than the one or two section of diameter of water channel, depth and is more than the one or two section of depth of water channel, is suitable to
Rinse liquid precipitate;In water channel first paragraph provided with a rotating cage with filtration, dug downwards at the water channel of rotating cage end
One groove is provided with the first grid as stillpot, the water side of groove, and the first grid is just at water channel first paragraph and water channel
Between second segment;Planted in the waters of water channel second segment and be implanted with water hyacinth;It is provided between the 3rd section of water channel second segment and water channel
Second grid;Delivery port is provided with the 3rd section of upper end of water channel;
Described in-vessel composting system is a gas-tight silo, and the top of gas-tight silo is provided with exhaust tube, and exhaust tube insertion foul smell removes dress
In putting;
Described Ozone removal equipment is to be equipped with one layer of gravel, gravel layer to be backfilled with soil, soil in Tu Qu bottoms
Middle kind is implanted with lawn.
By said system produce organic fertilizer method be:
The first step:The sorting of house refuse
House refuse is put into from rotating cage one end, with rotation of the impact and rotating cage of current in water channel, house refuse
In the organic substance of resolvability be dissolved in water, undissolved material pours stillpot with current, big in stillpot Midst density
It is deposited in the material of water including stone etc. in stillpot, at regular intervals by lifting means by indissolubility solid matter
Take out, and the material swum on the stillpot water surface is got off by the first grid filtration, will at the first grid by scarfing cinder equipment
Suspended material is taken out;So house refuse is sorted in water channel first paragraph;
Second step:Removal using water plant to heavy metal in house refuse flushing water
Water channel second segment is entered by the rubbish flushing water of grid, because water channel second segment waters kind is implanted with water hyacinth,
The Metal uptake in rubbish flushing liquor is enriched in water hyacinth root system during Eichhornia crassipes growth, cauline leaf is slowly transferred to
In, periodically water hyacinth is gathered in, heavy metal is removed from rubbish flushing liquor, while containing substantial amounts of in rubbish flushing liquor
Organic substance, can provide the nutriment of growth, including nitrogen phosphorus compound for water hyacinth;
3rd step:The precipitation of flushing liquor and recovery
The 3rd section of the water channel that narrowed width but depth are deepened is flowed into by the flushing liquor for removing removing heavy metals, water velocity becomes
Slowly, but the sedimentation time lengthen, the material being dissolved in water is deposited to trench bottom, at regular intervals pass through mud-scraping apparatus will
Canal bed mud, which is put together, is stored into in-vessel composting system, for compost;Flushing water recirculation flow after precipitation returns to rubbish flushing
Initiating terminal is recycled;
4th step:The removal of foul smell in municipal solid waste composting
The foul smell that house refuse is produced in composting process leads to Ozone removal equipment by air suction mode, and foul smell is drained into gravel
Rock layers, foul smell is passed through in gravel layer and filtered by upper layer of soil, adsorbed, a large amount of microorganisms pair grown in soil
Foul smell is purified, and the foul smell after purification is converted or resolved into by the nutriment of lawn Root Absorption, so that by lawn
Utilize, reach deodorizing effect.
It is an advantage of the invention that:
1st, patent of the present invention makes life using water flushing-gravity final election-flushing water repetitive cycling using the method being combined
Rubbish production organic fertilizer of living has low cost, sorts advantage that is thorough, saving water resource.
2nd, while the present invention is also grown using water plant to the absorption of nutriment in rubbish flushing liquor, rubbish is rushed
Heavy metal transfer in washing lotion, enrichment are removed, and are overcome prior art and chemical reagent are added into flushing liquor or on plant
The technological deficiency that sprinkling renovation agent is brought.
3rd, patent utilization soil-microorganism-botanical system of the present invention is removed to the foul smell during garbage compost.
Consumer garbage compost is carried out in closed factory building, and the foul smell of generation is passed into soil-microorganism-plant by air suction mode
In system.Soil-microorganism-botanical system is built on outdoor vacant lot, implement sequence:First upper layer of soil is dug out, so
Layer overlay gravel, then soil backfill is taped against above gravel afterwards, then in earth layer turf plant.Produced during garbage compost
Foul smell is drained into gravel layer by pump-line, and foul smell is passed through in gravel layer and filtered by upper layer of soil, adsorbed, together
When, the microorganism of raised growth purifies to foul smell in soil, can be by lawn Root Absorption so as to convert or resolve into
Nutriment, reach deodorizing effect, this method has low, simple to operate operating cost, good deodorization effect, the spy for saving expense
Point.
4th, for a long time, those skilled in the art are caused always in the problem in face of being produced organic fertilizer using house refuse
How power removes in flushing liquor heavy metal and improves fertile matter in seeking, cost that few people are focused in whole process,
Production efficiency and the feasibility problems of operation.The present inventor breaks the normal procedure thinking, sets about from the device of compost, by rubbish point
Choosing, heavy metals removal and foul smell are eliminated to be considered there is provided a set of integrated compositing system as an entirety, from the technology of system
It is simple in construction that scheme can be seen that whole system, operation facility, not only conforms in factory's industrialization, and can also in rural area
Spread;From production process as can be seen that make it that flushing water is also obtained in the heavy metal in thoroughly removing flushing water
Recycle, also foul smell is converted or resolved into by the nutriment of lawn Root Absorption simultaneously in purification foul smell, so that
Cost is reduced while improving fertile matter and production efficiency, unexpected good effect is achieved, meets the 22nd article of Patent Law
It is creative as defined in 3rd section.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view of present system embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the schematic perspective view of water channel first paragraph in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the schematic perspective view of water channel second segment in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the diagrammatic cross-section of Ozone removal equipment in Fig. 1.
In figure:1- water channel first paragraphs, 2- water channel second segments, the 3rd section of 3- water channels, 4- in-vessel composting systems, 5- Ozone removal equipments,
6- rotating cages, 7- stillpots, the grids of 8- first, 9- water hyacinths, the grids of 10- second, 11- delivery ports, 12- gravel layers, 13- soil
Layer, 14- lawns, 15- exhaust tubes.
Embodiment
Below by taking Qingdao domestic rubbish disposal Co., Ltd production organic fertilizer as an example, the specific reality of patent of the present invention is introduced
Apply process.
Fig. 1 is the front view of present system embodiment, it can be seen that generally comprising refuse classification and a huge sum of money
Belong to removal device, in-vessel composting system 4 and Ozone removal equipment 5, wherein:
Described refuse classification and heavy metals removal device include a water channel, and according to purposes point, water channel is divided into three sections, water
Canal first paragraph 1 is the purge zone of rubbish, and water channel second segment 2 is rinses the removal section of liquid heavy metal, and the 3rd section 3 of water channel is flushing liquor
Precipitating phase, it is desirable to the diameter that the 3rd section of water channel is less than the one or two section of diameter, depth and is more than the one or two section of depth, suitable for flushing liquor
Precipitation;In water channel first paragraph provided with a rotating cage 6 with filtration, one is dug downwards at the water channel of the end of rotating cage 6
Groove is provided with the first grid 8 as stillpot 7, the water side of stillpot 7, and the first grid 8 is just at water channel first paragraph 1 and water
Between canal second segment 2;Planted in the waters of water channel second segment 2 and be implanted with water hyacinth 9;3 set between water channel second segment 2 and the 3rd section
There is the second grid 10;Delivery port 11 is provided with the 3rd section of upper end of water channel.
Described in-vessel composting system 4 is a gas-tight silo, and the top of gas-tight silo is provided with exhaust tube 15, and the insertion foul smell of exhaust tube 15 is gone
Except in device.
Described Ozone removal equipment 5 is to be equipped with one layer of gravel layer 12, gravel layer to be backfilled with soil in Tu Qu bottoms
Planted in layer 13, soil and be implanted with lawn 14.
By said system carry out compost method be:
The sorting of first step house refuse (see Fig. 2)
House refuse is loaded in the rotating cage 6 with the effect of having filtered, drives rotating cage 6 to rotate by cage axle, house refuse
Rolled above and below the inside of rotating cage 6, and towards another side shifting of water channel, in the process, the object of indissolubility under the impact of water
Such as crushed stone, cullet, fragment of brick and density are finally deposited to the sediment groove 7 of water channel end more than the object of water, are suspended in water
Plastics, foam, the wooden unit in body surface face etc. are filtered down by the first grid 8, are removed at regular intervals from water surface, are carried out again
Processing and utilization.Water velocity in water channel is 3m/s, and processing house refuse gross weight is 500 tons daily, and density is more than water and not
The weight for dissolving rubbish is 120 tons, and the weight that density is less than the suspension rubbish of water is 80 tons, and organic principle is used as Settled sludge
House refuse amoun is 300 tons.
The removal of heavy metal in second step rubbish flushing liquor (see Fig. 3)
Nutritional ingredient in rubbish flushing liquor is measured, it is found that wherein containing total nitrogen be 2.5%, organophosphor is (with P2O5
Meter) content is 3.1%, potassium is (with K2O count) content be 0.3%, possess the nutritional condition of plant growth.In water channel second segment 2
Planting aquatic plants water hyacinth 9 in water, water hyacinth 9 absorbs the nutriment in rubbish flushing liquor and grown, in growth course
By Metal uptake in rubbish flushing liquor, the leaves and stemses of water hyacinth 9 are transferred to, by way of gathering in water hyacinth 9, by heavy metal
Removed from rubbish flushing liquor, to avoid, because water impact effect causes water hyacinth 9 to be lost in, setting in the end of water channel second segment 2
Put the second grid 10.It is by determining unused water hyacinth processing and handling two kinds with water hyacinth that water hyacinth, which goes the effect of removing heavy metals,
In the case of, heavy metal concentration judges in rubbish flushing liquor, and heavy metal ion includes lead, chromium and arsenic, and its concentration mensuration passes through original
Sub- absorptiometry is completed, as a result as shown in table 1.
The microbiological fuel cell method of table 1 removes the result of the said firm's heavy metals in garbage
3rd step:The precipitation of flushing liquor and recovery (see Fig. 1)
The 3rd section 3 of the water channel that narrowed width but depth deepen is flowed into by the flushing liquor for removing removing heavy metals, water velocity becomes
Slowly, but the sedimentation time lengthen, the material being dissolved in water is deposited to trench bottom, at regular intervals pass through mud-scraping apparatus will
Canal bed mud, which is put together, is stored into in-vessel composting system 4, for compost;Flushing water recirculation flow after precipitation returns to rubbish flushing
Initiating terminal is recycled;
4th step:The removal of foul smell in house refuse mud composting process (see Fig. 4)
The present embodiment removes the foul smell produced in rubbish mud composting process using soil-microorganism-botanical system, specifically
Construction scheme:A length of 150m is dug out on the vacant lot of the outside of in-vessel composting system 4, a width of 45m, depth is 0.8m irrigation canals and ditches, at irrigation canals and ditches bottom
The gravel layer 12 that portion's laying depth is 0.2m, grain size of gravel is 4-5cm, the soil horizon that cladding thickness is 0.6m above of gravel layer 12
13, in the turf plant 14 of soil horizon 13, cloth 10 PVC exhaust tubes 15 in irrigation canals and ditches one end are connected, diameter is with gravel layer 12
0.3m, length is equal 2m, and the foul smell produced in composting process enters gravel layer 12 by exhaust tube 15, is carried out in gravel layer 12
Filtering diffusion, subsequently into soil horizon 13, the metabolism of microorganism in the filtering of soil horizon 13, absorption and soil horizon 13
Lower foul smell is removed and being transformed into soil turns into nutriment, the Root Absorption on the lawn 14 planted in soil, so that will
The foul smell produced during garbage compost is thoroughly removed, and removal effect is as shown in table 2.
2 soil of table-microorganism-botanical system removes the foul smell result produced in rubbish mud composting process
Claims (2)
1. the integrated compositing system of a kind of house refuse, it is characterised in that it includes refuse classification and heavy metals removal device, heap
Fertile storehouse and Ozone removal equipment, wherein:
Described refuse classification and heavy metals removal device include a water channel, according to purposes point, and water channel is divided into three sections, water channel the
One section of purge zone for rubbish, water channel second segment is rinses the removal section of liquid heavy metal, and the 3rd section of water channel is the precipitation of flushing liquor
Section, it is desirable to which the diameter that the 3rd section of water channel is less than the one or two section of diameter of water channel, depth and is more than the one or two section of depth of water channel, suitable for rinsing
Liquid precipitate;In water channel first paragraph provided with a rotating cage with filtration, one is dug downwards at the water channel of rotating cage end
Groove is provided with the first grid as stillpot, the water side of groove, and the first grid is just at water channel first paragraph and water channel second
Between section;Planted in the waters of water channel second segment and be implanted with water hyacinth;Second is provided between the 3rd section of water channel second segment and water channel
Grid;Delivery port is provided with the 3rd section of upper end of water channel;
Described in-vessel composting system is a gas-tight silo, and the top of gas-tight silo is provided with exhaust tube, exhaust tube insertion Ozone removal equipment;
Described Ozone removal equipment is to be equipped with one layer of gravel, gravel layer to be backfilled with planting in soil, soil in Tu Qu bottoms
It is implanted with lawn.
2. the method that the integrated compositing system of house refuse described in a kind of utilization claim 1 produces organic fertilizer, its feature exists
In,
The first step:The sorting of house refuse
House refuse is put into from rotating cage one end, with rotation of the impact and rotating cage of current in water channel, in house refuse
The organic substance of resolvability is dissolved in water, and undissolved material pours stillpot with current, is more than water in stillpot Midst density
Material be deposited to including stone in stillpot, indissolubility solid matter is taken out by lifting means at regular intervals,
And the material swum on the stillpot water surface is got off by the first grid filtration, by scarfing cinder equipment at the first grid by suspension
Matter is taken out;So house refuse is sorted in water channel first paragraph;
Second step:Removal using water plant to heavy metal in house refuse flushing water
Water channel second segment is entered by the rubbish flushing water of grid, because water channel second segment waters kind is implanted with water hyacinth, in water calabash
The Metal uptake in rubbish flushing liquor is enriched in water hyacinth root system during Lu Shengchang, is slowly transferred in cauline leaf,
Periodically water hyacinth is gathered in, heavy metal is removed from rubbish flushing liquor, while having in rubbish flushing liquor containing substantial amounts of
Machine material, can provide the nutriment of growth, including nitrogen phosphorus compound for water hyacinth;
3rd step:The precipitation of flushing liquor and recovery
The 3rd section of the water channel deepened by the flushing liquor inflow narrowed width but depth of removing removing heavy metals, low water velocities, but
Sedimentation time lengthens, and the material being dissolved in water is deposited to trench bottom, at regular intervals by mud-scraping apparatus by canal bottom
Mud, which is put together, is stored into in-vessel composting system, for compost;Flushing water recirculation flow after precipitation returns to the starting of rubbish flushing
End is recycled;
4th step:The removal of foul smell in municipal solid waste composting
The foul smell that house refuse is produced in composting process leads to Ozone removal equipment by air suction mode, and foul smell is drained into gravel
Layer, foul smell is passed through in gravel layer and filtered by upper layer of soil, adsorbed, and a large amount of microorganisms grown in soil are to smelly
Gas is purified, and the foul smell after purification is converted or resolved into by the nutriment of lawn Root Absorption, so that by lawn profit
With reaching deodorizing effect.
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CN1868926A (en) * | 2006-04-29 | 2006-11-29 | 广州德润环保科技发展有限公司 | Composite ecological treatment method of sewage for artificial wet land and its system |
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Application publication date: 20170718 |