CN105344707A - Forest network enrichment-conversion irrigation and drainage circulating system used for removing heavy metal of strip field - Google Patents

Forest network enrichment-conversion irrigation and drainage circulating system used for removing heavy metal of strip field Download PDF

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CN105344707A
CN105344707A CN201510624652.7A CN201510624652A CN105344707A CN 105344707 A CN105344707 A CN 105344707A CN 201510624652 A CN201510624652 A CN 201510624652A CN 105344707 A CN105344707 A CN 105344707A
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forest network
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water
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CN105344707B (en
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文科军
吴丽萍
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Tianjin Chengjian University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09CRECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • B09C1/10Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
    • B09C1/105Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02BHYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B13/00Irrigation ditches, i.e. gravity flow, open channel water distribution systems
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F2001/007Processes including a sedimentation step
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/20Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/001Runoff or storm water
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • C02F3/327Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
  • Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a forest network enrichment-conversion irrigation and drainage circulating system used for removing heavy metal of a strip field. The system comprises strip field blind pipes, water-converging sediment agricultural drainage/bucket drainage forest networks, enrichment conversion island and special bacterium and egg seed agent throwing-in forest networks, water-storing purification pond forest network structures, irrigation field ditch forest networks and various enrichment conversion trees constituting the forest networks. The blind pipes are used for draining washing water; the field ditch forest networks are used for conveying the washing water to the strip field; the water-converging sediment agricultural drainage/bucket drainage and enrichment conversion island forest networks are used for receiving the washing water drained from the blind pipes and implementing main body purification; purification ponds are used for storing and settling water in drainage ditches and carrying out deep purification, and meanwhile recycled water sources are provided for the downstream strip field. The forest network enrichment-conversion irrigation and drainage circulating system has the effects that the system is used for removing the heavy metal in strip field soil in situ, integration of the strip field and the drainage and irrigation ditch forest networks is achieved synchronously, the purposes of enriching the heavy metal to wood terminals and avoiding secondary pollution and the food safety problem are achieved, and the multiple functions of water circulation and conservation, farmland ecological conservation and the like are achieved.

Description

Forest network enrichment for removing bar field heavy metal transforms the row's of filling circulatory system
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Engineering Remediation Techniques that large area original position removes heavy metal pollution of soil in the environment of bar field, particularly construct a kind of forest network enrichment for removing bar field heavy metal and transform the row's of filling circulatory system.
Background technology
Because China belongs to the large agricultural country of serious water shortage, Water Consumption in Agriculture accounts for total water consumption 70%, in addition economic develop rapidly and population base, and industrial or agricultural working population quality is low not strict in enforcing the law or lack with supervision, make the surface water resources that originally lacks seriously polluted, more exacerbate shortage of water resources, become the country of contamination type lack of water, the agricultural of forcing over just becomes inevitable with the sewage irrigation containing heavy metal.
According to Ministry of Agriculture's soil environment monitoring investigation display, in China's 24 provinces and cities' development faster 320 emphasis contaminated areas, the agricultural cultivation area that land for growing field crops crop pollution exceeds standard accounts for 20% of the monitoring and surveying gross area; Wherein the agricultural output that exceeds standard of content of beary metal and area account for pollutant and to exceed standard more than 80% of agricultural product total amount and the gross area, and especially Pb, Cd, Hg, Cu and combined pollution thereof are the most outstanding.The content overproof of irrigating region Cadmium in Soil, nickel, zinc and copper, average content is respectively 65.31mgkg -1, 1196.64mgkg -1, 2799.25mgkg -1and 145.78mgkg -1, be 108.85,19.94,9.33 and 1.46 times of national soil environment secondary standard respectively.In wheat, rice grain, cadmium pollution is the most serious, and wheat average content is 2.55mgkg -1, be 25.5 times of national food hygienic standard, nickel, chromium and Zn content are 12.98,6.12 and 1.32 times of national food hygienic standard respectively.For guaranteeing national arable land red line and Food Quality and Safety, the recovery technique that research large area original position efficiently removes heavy metal pollution of soil is then extremely urgent.
At present, the recovery technique of heavy metal pollution of soil is different with principle according to employing method, usually two kinds are mainly contained to the governance way of heavy metal-polluted soil: 1. change the existing forms of heavy metal in soil, make it fix, thus reduce its animal migration in the environment and the utilizability of biology, but in large-scale natural changeable environment factor, the heavy metal-polluted soil being changed form as long as this also exists, be difficult to guarantee without backward reaction, still there is the potential threat of bounce-back; 2. removal heavy metal from soil.Although from soil among a small circle the method for removal heavy metal and recovery technique each has something to recommend him, and periodically can solve the pollution problem of existing local soil heavy metal, but just large-area sustainability in-situ immobilization, the economy of input-output ratio and the angle of shortage of water resources are considered, and it still exists the limitation of many deficiencies and use.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for the contaminated by heavy metals sustainability in-situ immobilization in large area bar field, and input-output ratio and shortage of water resources etc. existing technical problem and difficult point, a kind of method transforming the row's of filling circulatory system for removing bar field heavy metal forest network enrichment is provided.
For achieving the above object, forest network enrichment for removing bar field heavy metal provided by the invention transforms the row's of filling circulatory system, forest network enrichment being transformed the row's of filling circulatory system is installed in the system of filling drainage network, wherein: lay bar field blind pipe bar Tanaka, form first class purification facility, for discharge Pyatyi purification facility catch feeder forest network in pour into the washing water of bar Tanaka; In the discharge outlet of described first class purification facility bar field blind pipe, charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row/bucket row forest network is set, form secondary purification facility, and enrichment conversion island is set along row's bottom of trench central authorities of charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row/bucket row forest network and throws in special bacterium, worm's ovum kind agent forest network, form three grades of purification facilitys; In the downstream of secondary, three grades of purification facilitys, be positioned at one jiao, isocontour low level place, bar field, retaining purifying pond forest network structure is set, form level Four purification facility, for the purification washing water collecting store secondary, three grades of purification facilitys enter, simultaneously for the catch feeder forest network of the Pyatyi purification facility in bar field, downstream provides the drip washing recycled water source.
Described bar field blind pipe is positioned at below the agric in bar field, and in latticed laying, form the hair row in drainage system, agriculture row, the row of bucket, a row and the dry source hair row one-level water and soil purification facility arranged, the backflow washing water of the catch feeder forest network of discharging Pyatyi purification facility, bottom remittance charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row/bucket row forest network is connected, as the starting point that the forest network enrichment conversion irrigation and drainage circulatory system purifies heavy metal-polluted soil drip washing for top.
Described remittance charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row/bucket row forest network is positioned at the contour low level side at edge, bar field, for collecting the washing water of bar field blind pipe, and simultaneously transforms island with enrichment and throw in special bacterium, worm's ovum kind agent forest network implements synchronous purification to draining, finally precipitate agriculture by charge for remittance to arrange/bucket row forest network outputs to retaining purifying pond forest network structure.
Described enrichment transform island and throw in special bacterium, worm's ovum kind agent forest network is positioned at charge for remittance and precipitate agriculture and arrange/bottom of trench of the row's of bucket forest network is central, comprise by multiple monomer enrichment conversion reaction case and equip along bottom of trench central authorities in single row or multiple rows, and exceed normal water line and form island, with charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row/bucket row forest network for synchronously strengthening the purification to collecting washing water in ditch, form the core water and soil purification facility that overall enrichment transforms the row's of filling circulatory system, the water after purification enters in retaining purifying pond forest network structure through charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row/bucket row forest network.
Described retaining purifying pond forest network structure is positioned at one jiao, the contour low level place in bar field, the purification washing water that the row's of parading sb. through the streets and denounce him publicly forest network enters from is above stored for collecting, namely store and transform island and the washing water throwing in special bacterium, worm's ovum kind agent forest network purifies, simultaneously for downstream catch feeder forest network provides the drip washing recycled water source through charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row/bucket row's forest network and enrichment.
Described catch feeder forest network is positioned at the high contour side at edge, bar field, forms last one barrier of water and soil purification facility, provides purification washing water to be iirigation water source by retaining purifying pond forest network structure, is the significant facility with implementing cyclic irrigation.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: this system belongs to the mankind and imitates nature, the physics and chemistry of simulating nature and biological process, in order to administer the effective technology measure being produced problem of environmental pollution by the mankind, major effect is as follows:
1, trees remove remarkable benefit to the purification that the enrichment of soil harmful heavy metal and assimilation produce.As a strain Beijing Poplar can reach 34.93mgkg to the accumulation of Cd -1 (being converted into per ton is then 0.03493kg/ ton), and have no and have obvious impact to its biomass, and this accumulation be respectively paddy rice (Oryzasativa), wheat (Triticumaestivum), soybean (Glycinemax) and corn (Zeamays) 112,99,360 and 97 times.According to Cui Wushe, Wang Chunhong two doctor " research of Nongan County, Jilin agricultural protection forest regeneration cutting age ", average investigation result is set in 850 strains 21 ?being generated to ripe Beijing Poplar shelter-forest for 25 years: can produce 444.55m 3the timber of/per hectare, and the proportion of Beijing Poplar timber is 409.5kg/m 3, then can obtain the timber of 182.0432 tons/per hectare, namely can reach 6.3588kg/ hectare to the accumulation of cadmium (Cd).If also planted trees on bucket, agriculture row and field ditch, particularly plant this kind of super enrichment forest (see table 1) of acacia, not only timber reserves can increase substantially, and the accumulation of enrichment also can be doubled and redoubled with removal benefit.This explanation; this biological characteristics of trees is applied in the soil shared by irrigation and drainage system of bar field Water Capital Construction; form the forest ecosystem on overall size forest network or woods island; this is not only without the need to separately accounting for soil, builds pollution reducing facility, implements in-situ immobilization contaminated ground; also once and for all can use natural force; reduce human and material resources and water resource and energy resource consumption, obtain wood producing simultaneously, and can not constitute a threat to food chain.
2, the washing water resources circulation recycling after utilizing irrigation and drainage system to realize purification, embodies water-saving benefit.Annual irrigating water quota according to northern spring wheat: 3150m 3/ hectare (comprised that soil and evaporation from water surface lose 25%, 35% of water channel and soil percolation, the loss amount of tree transpiration 15% and soil hygroscopic water 10%, namely meet the irrigation volume of field capacity), need irrigation quantity to be 750m at every turn 3/ hectare (comprised that soil and evaporation from water surface lose 25%, 35% of water channel and soil percolation, the loss amount of tree transpiration 15% and soil hygroscopic water 10%, namely meet the irrigation volume of field capacity), then can economize on water the whole year 2400m 3the water resource of/hectare.
3, timber income.According to Cui Wushe, Wang Chunhong two doctor " research of Nongan County, Jilin agricultural protection forest regeneration cutting age ", available Logistic curve sets up willow growth in volume equation, and the Logistic curvilinear equation namely calculating individual volume is: V=0.6089/ (1+1346.355 ╳ e ?0.4386t), in formula, t is the age of tree.Now for their investigation to agricultural protection forest, the 850 strain Beijing Poplar of per hectare 21 ?25 years raw mature forests, can produce 444.55m 3timber, average every strain can produce material 0.523m 3, according to the market price 550 yuan/m of existing poplar wood 3, then per hectare can obtain the income of 24.45 ten thousand yuan.If also planted trees not increasing on the bucket row of forest land, agriculture row and field ditch, especially plant acacia, mulberry is this kind of had been both super enrichment conversion forest (see table 1), its timber valency is again higher than poplar, and its function and economic benefit then can be more remarkable.
4, shelter forest system construction to the ecological nursing of agricultural already known by people.As agricultural protection forest protecting the fields by reducing wind speed, improving agricultural microclimate, climate comfort and humidity, minimizing evaporation, improvement soil, purifying air and water quality, raising crop yield and quality; simultaneously also for society provides a large amount of timber and secondary product of forestry, belong to the substance of farmland capital construction.
The windbreak function in forest belt generally determines its protection benefit depending on Shelterbelts structure (ventilation, sparse, tight structure) with coefficient of air infiltration or density, the effective protection distance in usual wall scroll forest belt 15 ?between 25 times of height of trees, its effectively reduce wind speed 40 ?between 85%, as formed forest network, effect can be better.
Forest belt can be improved relative humidity and on average be increased by more than 15%, and absolute humidity increases by more than 20%.To the adjustment of near surface formation temperature with season, variant with the difference of weather condition round the clock.General spring, autumn, season in winter three can heat 1 ~ 3 DEG C, and summer then can lower the temperature 3 ~ 5 DEG C.The farmland particularly having hot dry wind to endanger, has forest network can increase production 2 one-tenth ~ 3 one-tenth than without forest network, and serious district even reaches 6 ~ 7 one-tenth.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that forest network enrichment transforms irrigation and drainage system profile;
Fig. 2 is that forest network enrichment transforms irrigation and drainage system floor plan.
In figure:
1, bar field blind pipe 2, charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row/bucket rowforest network 3, enrichment transform island and throw in special bacterium, worm's ovum kind agent forest network 4, retaining purifying pond forest network structure 5, catch feeder forest network 6, bar field 7, agricultural machinery road
Detailed description of the invention
Transform the row's of filling circulating system structure to the forest network enrichment for removing bar field heavy metal of the present invention to be by reference to the accompanying drawings illustrated.
It is based on following aspect that forest network enrichment for removing bar field heavy metal of the present invention transforms the row's of filling circulation system design thought:
1, by means of the natural mechanical process of trees, animal and microorganism and its somatomedin (water and soil) material recycle, finally implement on the trees of super assimilative capacicy, be about to the pollutants such as harmful heavy metal absorb, carry and be fixed on (see table 1) in plant roots and timber, transform through trees self, isolate and chelation, to alleviate the murder by poisoning to self, and reached the object removing water and soil heavy metal by means such as felling, centralized collection.Particularly utilize the irrigation and drainage system facility of large bar field Water Capital Construction, can plant trees thereon, build the multistage water and soil purification facility removing bar field heavy metal forest network or woods island, irrigation and drainage system can be utilized again to realize the cycling and reutilization of the washing water resource after purifying, without the need to separately accounting for soil, to implement the sustainable method of the comprehensive contaminated ground of in-situ immobilization on a large scale.
The transfer of a table 16 seeds heavy metal element and concentration coefficient
2, in the row irrigation system this system being applied to the north or southern drainage system and low-lying land, can original position sustainable efficient reparation bar field heavy metal pollution of soil on a large scale, and produce timber, do not produce secondary pollution and food-safety problem, forest network (island) change in bar field is realized again by irrigation and drainage system, and repair the integrated of the heavy metal pollution of bar field and ecological nursing, and complete save land, economize on water, the pluralistic function target such as energy-conservation, material-saving and water resource recycles, sustainable improvement bar field miniclimate.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, the forest network enrichment for removing bar field heavy metal of the present invention transforms the row's of filling circulatory system, and comprising bar field blind pipe 1, is first class purification facility; Charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row/bucket row forest network 2 is secondary purification facility; It is three grades of purification facilitys that enrichment transforms island with input special bacterium, worm's ovum kind agent forest network 3; Retaining purifying pond forest network structure 4 is level Four purification facility; Catch feeder forest network 5 is Pyatyi purification facility, and all kinds of enrichments forming all forest networks transform seeds.
Described bar field blind pipe 1 is first class purification facility, below the agric being positioned at bar field 6, and in latticed laying, the water and soil purification facility that the hair row in genus drainage system, agriculture row, bucket row, the row of propping up also directly contact with by heavy metal pollution bar field with the source hair row one-level of dry row.For holding upper discharge catch feeder forest network 5, for Pyatyi purification facility backflow washing water, open the secondary purification facility of lower importing charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row/bucket row forest network 2, be the starting point that forest network enrichment transforms the irrigation and drainage circulatory systems and purifies heavy metal-polluted soil drip washing.
The secondary purification facility of described charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row/bucket row forest network 2, the gutter that the contour low level side being positioned at edge, bar field 6 is dug out, for collecting bar field blind pipe 1, for the draining of first class purification facility, and transform island with enrichment and throw in special bacterium, worm's ovum kind agent forest network 3, be that three grades of purification facilitys together implement synchronous purifications to these washings of discharging, finally by 2 ?charge for remittance precipitation bucket arrange forest network and output to retaining purifying pond forest network structure 4 for level Four purification facility.
Described enrichment transforms island and throws in special bacterium, worm's ovum kind agent forest network 3, be three grades of purification facilitys, be positioned at the bottom of trench central authorities of the secondary purification facility based on charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row/bucket row forest network 2, be that single row or multiple rows are equipped along bottom of trench central authorities by many monomer enrichment conversion reaction casees, and exceed normal water line 40 ?50cm form island, with the secondary purification facility based on charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row/bucket row forest network 2 for synchronously strengthening in ditch the clean-up effect collecting washings, belong to the core water and soil purification facility that overall enrichment transforms the row's of filling circulatory system.Water after purification enters retaining purifying pond forest network structure 4 in level Four purification facility through charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row/bucket row forest network 2.
Described retaining purifying pond forest network structure 4 is level Four purification facility, be positioned at one jiao, the contour low level place in bar field 6, the purification washing water that the row's of parading sb. through the streets and denounce him publicly forest network enters from is above stored for collecting, namely store through charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row/bucket row forest network 2 based on secondary purification facility and enrichment transform island with throw in special bacterium, worm's ovum kind agent forest network 3, it is the washing water of three grades of purification facility purifications, be the catch feeder forest network 5 in bar field, downstream 6, for Pyatyi purification facility provides the drip washing recycled water source simultaneously.
Described catch feeder forest network 5 is Pyatyi purification facility, be positioned at the high contour side at edge, bar field 6, belong to last one barrier of water and soil purification facility, iirigation water source is mainly from retaining purifying pond forest network structure 4, namely the washings after the purification of level Four purification facility, the significant facility of true existing cyclic irrigation.It is based upon large area bar field irrigation canal system, on the basis of i.e. trunk canal, branch canal, lateral canal, field ditch and sublateral canal (flexibility), the non-antiseepage of its most end one-level is utilized to fix the water and soil condition of field ditch, the forest network purification formed along its domatic tree planting, carry to leaching cyclic irrigation water conservancy with and the end purification function of water and soil residue on the way.
All kinds of enrichments conversion seeds of described formation forest network comprise all heavy metal and have high accumulation ability, water-fast wet, resistant to pollution shrub seeds.
Described special bacterium, the agent of worm's ovum kind all carry out the activated sludge of natural wetland from ancient times, by its natural bacteria, plant and carry out simulation and cultivate, be separated, expand numerous, manufacture out the anaerobism, aerobic with facultative type composite bacteria liquid and plant agent being suitable for wetland and applying.
Described bar field blind pipe 1 belongs to anti-blocking infiltration drainage pipeline networks and the water and soil purification facility of one-level.For not affecting agricultural machinery farming or avoiding because of farming damaged themselves, and improve washing row and drench effect, bar field blind pipe 1 must be imbedded anthropogenic soil layer 50 ?below 70cm, and be latticed array bar Tanaka.Sizing grid is depending on pollution level, and pollution level height then grid is little, and pollution level is low then large, general control 4.0 ?12.0 ╳ 4.0 ?between 12.0m.
Described charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row/bucket row forest network 2 is secondary purification facility, it is the gutter facility dug out along the contour low level side at edge, bar field 6, the water and soil condition utilizing it good, plant trees along ditch two slope, through trees, the enrichment of water and soil heavy metal, chelating are transformed, form the secondary purification facility based on charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row/bucket row forest network 2.Facility comprises: two sides, gutter dig out kind plant hole, fill out modified filter material in cave and throw in special bacterium, the agent of worm's ovum kind, and the plant of the trees be planted in cave and the association of side slope nature.
It is three grades of purification facilitys that described enrichment transforms island with input special bacterium, worm's ovum kind agent forest network 3, be positioned at charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row/bucket row forest network 2, for the bottom of trench central authorities of secondary purification facility, be that single row or multiple rows to be equipped along bottom of trench central authorities and formed island by many monomer enrichment conversion reaction casees, purify pollutant in the washings and soil collected in same ditch for strength unification.The component of its each monomer enrichment conversion reaction case comprises: the trapezoidal permeable casing be made up of corrosion-resistant engineering plastics, rubber or resin, the solid waste of filling managerization modification in case, namely fluid bed slag, pottery, watt, filtrate, the special bacterium added, the agent of worm's ovum kind such as porcelain, coal-fired slag, and the different enrichments of planting in case transform seeds.The bioreactor of the biocoene (animals and plants and microorganism) that this combination makes its self-assembling formation take as the leading factor with trees and water and soil pollution thing, even if its Nature creating animals and plants, microorganism and the ecology between its growth substrate and pollutant (physics and chemistry, biology) cyclic process, pollutant is made the most after all to become to wood producing terminal, there is not secondary pollution and food-safety problem, become the core technology that enrichment transforms the row's of filling circulatory system.Numerous monomer enrichment conversion reaction casees is single row or multiple rows, along charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row/bucket row forest network 2, bottom of trench central authorities for secondary purification facility equip and form forest network, form enrichment and transform island and the tertiary effluent soil purification facility throwing in special bacterium, worm's ovum kind agent forest network 3.
Described retaining purifying pond forest network structure 4, for level Four purification facility, store for collecting the purification washing water that the row's of parading sb. through the streets and denounce him publicly forest network enters from above, and carry out deep purifying at this, be the catch feeder forest network 5 in bar field, downstream 6, for Pyatyi purification facility provides the drip washing recycled water source simultaneously.Described retaining purifying pond forest network structure 4, for level Four purification facility, comprise: cover the modified filter material layer on pool body (at the bottom of the pool and pool bank), be planted in the heavy water on filter material layer, swim, endure water and the raw herbaceous plant of bank, be planted in pool dike periphery enrichment transform seeds, and the special bacterium added in modified filter material, the agent of worm's ovum kind.It is with three-dimensional high-density planting and the schedule of reinforcement throwing in special bacterium, the agent of ovum kind, set up manual simulation's natural wetland ecosystem that plant, animal and microorganism and polluter circulate, promote the deep purifying facility to water and soil heavy metal contaminants with bio-diversity strengthening.
Described catch feeder forest network 5 is Pyatyi purification facility, belongs to forest network strengthening to last one facility of recirculated water end water and soil residue water and soil purification, and with the washings after purification, implements the significant facility of cyclic irrigation.In addition, by the architecture of catch feeder forest network 5 directly to bar field anthropogenic soil, can add in field ditch water delivery process and easily produce acid and chelating agent and the surface-active solubilizer such as the food processing waste of non-secondary pollution or livestock and poultry cultivation fermentation liquid dung, the bar Tanaka by heavy metal pollution is uniformly distributed in by means of current, to promote the flushing leaching effect of solvent to bar field heavy metal, make bar field blind pipe 1 can discharge the flushing leaching water being rich in heavy metal more.Catch feeder forest network 5 facility comprises: the filtrate filled out in the kind plant hole that field ditch is other to be dug out, cave and the special bacterium of input, the agent of worm's ovum kind, and is planted in the trees in cave.
All kinds of enrichments of described formation forest network transform seeds and include but are not limited to: wet-land pine tree, bald cypress, metasequoia, Manchurian ash, dry land willow, steamed bun willow, weeping willow, China tree, leaflet Chinese wax, eugene poplar, populus simonii, mulberry tree etc. are selected in the north; False indigo, Mongolian willow, dryland willow, Chinese tamarisk etc.; South is selected: yew, Chi Shan, mulberry tree, white willow, steamed bun willow, weeping willow, Chinese tallow tree, Chinese ash, fragrant camphor tree, Bischofia javanica Bl, mosquito mother, Mao Shu etc.
The biocoene that described special bacterium, the agent of worm's ovum kind are formed carrys out the activated sludge of natural wetland from ancient times, by to its natural bacteria, plant and carry out simulation and cultivate, be separated, expand numerous, manufacture out the anaerobism, aerobic with facultative type composite bacteria liquid and plant agent being suitable for wetland and applying.Main body bacterium colony component with endo-mycorrhiza (VA mycorhiza) and exotrophic mycorrhiza, and food metal bacterium and nematode-trapping be main.Namely be extensively present in the sulfatereducting bacteria (SRB) in natural wetland, namely the group that bacterium (Desulfosarcina), desulfurization intestines bacterium (Desulfotomaculum), thermally desulfurizing bacillus (Thermodesulfobacterium) and ancient coccus (Archaeoglobus) form with nematode-trapping is folded in desulfovibrio (Desulfovibrio), desulfurization germ (Desulfomicrobium), desulfurization bacterium (Desulfobacter), desulfurization eight.
Described modified filter material is the solid waste through physics, chemical modification, as fluid bed slag, pottery, watt, porcelain, coal-fired slag etc., again by after implantable bioartificial, become heavy metal and have the biochemical reaction field of high physical absorption ability, microbial adhesion and biodegradation transforms field, forest supports and absorb and animal habitat takes food important regeneration matrix and the biochemical reaction medium of field, accessory has the Novel filter material of sustainable self-renewal capacity.
Explain detailedly below with reference to embodiment.The description of following embodiment is not only confined to this, and they can mutually be combined thus reach better technique effect.
Embodiment 1
Forest network enrichment is transformed the row's of filling circulation system design and is assembled in the system of filling drainage network, bar field by the present embodiment, namely in bar field 6, bar field blind pipe 1 is laid, for first class purification facility, for discharging the washing water of catch feeder forest network 5, namely Pyatyi purification facility pours into the washing water in bar field 6.At the discharge outlet facility secondary purification facility of first class purification facility bar field blind pipe 1, i.e. charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row/bucket row forest network 2, and arrange/struggle against forest network 2 arrange bottom of trench central authorities along the agriculture of charge for remittance precipitation, arrange three grades of purification facilitys, namely enrichment transforms island and throws in special bacterium, worm's ovum kind agent forest network 3 three grades of purification facilitys; In the downstream of secondary, three grades of purification facilitys, namely the level Four purification facility that isocontour low level place, bar field 6 arranges retaining purifying pond forest network structure 4 is positioned at, for the purification washing water collecting store secondary, three grades of purification facilitys enter, be the catch feeder forest network 5 in bar field, downstream 6, for Pyatyi purification facility provides the drip washing recycled water source simultaneously.Concrete steps are as follows:
(1) as shown in Figure 2, the ditch of wide 30-40cm, dark 50-70cm is excavated in bar field 6, and be latticed laying with the specification of 4.0-12.0m ╳ 4.0-12.0m, bar field blind pipe 1 is laid in ditch equably, and with after the modified filter material landfill 20-30cm of particle diameter 0.6-1.6cm, cover the permeable non-woven fabrics of one deck, in case earth falls, layer is considered in blocking, then earth backing 30-40cm compacting is restored, not affect agricultural machinery working and proper drainage.Its function utilizes bar field blind pipe 1, and by catch feeder forest network 5, the leaching washings pouring into bar field 6 for Pyatyi purification facility import charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row forest network 2, fast in secondary purification facility.
(2) as shown in Figure 1, charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row/bucket row forest network 2 is secondary purification facility, be positioned at the gutter of digging out at contour low level place, bar field 6, the water and soil condition utilizing it good, kind of a plant hole is dug in its two side slope, fill out modified filter material in cave and throw in special bacterium, the agent of worm's ovum kind, and respectively plant the evergreen and deciduous tree of two row, to build charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row forest network 2, for secondary purification facility, form the forest cleaning system forest network of fallen leaves and evergreen mixed friendship, namely constitute with animals and plants, microorganism and its growth substrate (water and soil condition) are to pollutant ecology (physics and chemistry, biological) material recycle utilize, the most after all the removal mechanisms at work of wood producing terminal is tending towards.
(3) enrichment transforms island with input special bacterium, worm's ovum kind agent forest network 3 is three grades of purification facilitys, be positioned at charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row/bucket row forest network 2, for the bottom of trench central authorities of secondary purification facility, it is the trapezoidal enrichment conversion reaction casing be made up of many ABS engineering plastics, rubber or resin, in single file or multirow along bottom of trench central array, and exceed normal water line 40-50cm and form island, as shown in Figure 1.Enrichment conversion reaction case surrounding is provided with even permeable hole, makes 1-bar field blind pipe enter being rich in heavy metal water and can evenly entering in enrichment conversion reaction case in charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row/bucket row forest network.The large mouth down that trapezoidal box is bottomless, having of band kind of plant hole mouth pushes up osculum upward.Inside insert the fluid bed slag through physical chemical modification or other discarded object filtrate matrix through modification, as useless pottery, watt, porcelain and coal-fired solid impurity particle etc., in this, as the physical absorption of heavy metal and chemical reaction, forest support with absorb, microbial adhesion and degraded, animal habitat take food layer, and in filling process, throw in purification bacterium liquid and animal ovum agent, plant trees in kind plant hole mouth thereon simultaneously.The biocoene (animals and plants, microorganism) that this combination makes its self-assembling formation take as the leading factor with trees and medium are to the bioreactor of water and soil pollution thing, i.e. Nature creating animals and plants, microorganism and the ecology between growth substrate and pollutant (physics and chemistry, biology) cyclic process thereof, pollutant is made the most after all to become to wood producing terminal, there is not secondary pollution and food-safety problem, become the subject core technology that enrichment transforms the row's of filling circulatory system.By increasing the water conservancy time of staying at this, to improve the enrichment clean-up effect of main body advantage, the water after purification enters retaining purifying pond forest network 4, is level Four purification facility.
(4) retaining purifying pond forest network structure 4 is level Four purification facility, be positioned at the downstream in each field or multiple fields, for collecting the purification washing water storing and entered by upstream secondary, three grades of forest network purification facilitys formed, and carry out deep purifying at this, it is the catch feeder forest network 5 in bar field, downstream 6 simultaneously, for Pyatyi purification facility provides the drip washing recycled water source, as shown in Figure 2.The area in the pollution level of its layout quantity and cubical content view strip field, pool heavy metal and washing intensity and bar field and determining.What belong to retaining adjustment and Inlet and outlet water balanced type due to retaining purifying pond forest network structure 4 recycles purifying pond, considers from the angle saved land with purifying effect, best with rectangle pool clean-up effect, and the depth of water controls to be advisable at≤1.6m.The particular content of the level Four purification facility construction of retaining purifying pond forest network structure 4 comprises: cover the modified filter material layer on pool body (at the bottom of the pool and pool bank), be planted in the heavy water on filter material layer, swim, endure water and the raw herbaceous plant of bank, be planted in pool dike periphery enrichment transform seeds, and the special bacterium added in modified filter material, the agent of worm's ovum kind.
(5) catch feeder forest network 5 is Pyatyi purification facility, belong to last one facility that the forest network enrichment conversion irrigation and drainage circulatory system purifies recirculated water end water and soil residue water and soil, and with purification after washings, implement the significant facility of cyclic irrigation, namely utilize the good water and soil condition of the catch feeder forest network 5 in irrigation system, plantation trees, build the forest network water and soil purification facility based on catch feeder, both sides are bar field 6 and agricultural machinery road 7, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.Utilize field ditch directly to irrigate leaching water function to bar field sublateral canal simultaneously, can add in field ditch water delivery process and easily produce acid and chelating agent and the surface-active solubilizer such as the food processing waste of non-secondary pollution or livestock and poultry cultivation fermentation liquid dung, be uniformly distributed in the bar field soil by heavy metal pollution by means of current, to promote the flushing leaching effect of solvent to bar field heavy metal, make bar field blind pipe 1 can discharge the flushing leaching water being rich in heavy metal more.Catch feeder forest network 5 Specific construction comprises: the kind plant hole dug out by field ditch, the special bacterium of filling out modified filter material and input in cave, the agent of worm's ovum kind, and all kinds of enrichments be planted in cave transform seeds.
Although given this embodiment of the present invention herein, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that and do not limited to and the present embodiment, can change the present embodiment, the restriction of interest field of the present invention all should have been belonged to.

Claims (10)

1. one kind transforms the row's of filling circulatory system for the forest network enrichment of removing bar field heavy metal, forest network enrichment being transformed the row's of filling circulatory system is installed in the system of filling drainage network, it is characterized in that: in bar field (6), lay bar field blind pipe (1), form first class purification facility, for discharging Pyatyi purification facility, namely catch feeder forest network (5) pours into the washing water in bar field (6); In the discharge outlet of described first class purification facility bar field blind pipe (1), charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row/bucket row's forest network (2) is set, form secondary purification facility, and enrichment conversion island is set along the bottom of trench central authorities of charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row/bucket row's forest network (2) and throws in special bacterium, worm's ovum kind agent forest network (3), form three grades of purification facilitys; In the downstream of secondary, three grades of purification facilitys, be positioned at one jiao, isocontour low level place, bar field (6) and retaining purifying pond forest network structure (4) is set, form level Four purification facility, simultaneously for the purification washing water collecting store secondary, three grades of purification facilitys enter, for the catch feeder forest network (5) of the Pyatyi purification facility in bar field, downstream (6) provides the drip washing recycled water source;
Described bar field blind pipe (1) is positioned at below the agric of bar field (6), and in latticed laying, form the hair row in drainage system, agriculture row, the row of bucket, a row and the dry source hair row one-level water and soil purification facility arranged, connect for top and discharge backflow washing water, bottom remittance charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row/bucket row's forest network (2) that Pyatyi purification facility catch feeder forest network (5) pours into bar field (6), as the starting point that the forest network enrichment conversion irrigation and drainage circulatory system purifies heavy metal-polluted soil drip washing;
Described remittance charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row/bucket row's forest network (2) is positioned at the contour low level side at bar field (6) edge, for collecting the washing water in bar field blind pipe (1), and with input special bacterium, worm's ovum kind agent forest network (3), synchronous purification is implemented to draining with enrichment conversion island, finally precipitate agriculture row/row's of bucket forest network (2) by charge for remittance and output to retaining purifying pond forest network structure (4);
Described enrichment transforms island and throws in special bacterium, worm's ovum kind agent forest network (3) is positioned at the bottom of trench central authorities of charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row/bucket row's forest network (2), comprise by many monomer enrichment conversion reaction casees and equip along bottom of trench central authorities in single row or multiple rows, and exceed normal water line and form island, with charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row/bucket row's forest network (2) for synchronously strengthening the purification to collecting washing water in ditch, form the core water and soil purification facility that overall enrichment transforms irrigation and drainage system with functions, through the agriculture of charge for remittance precipitation, row/bucket row's forest network (2) enters in retaining purifying pond forest network structure (4) water after purification,
Described retaining purifying pond forest network structure (4) is positioned at one jiao, the contour low level place in bar field (6), the purification washing water that the row's of parading sb. through the streets and denounce him publicly forest network enters from is above stored for collecting, namely store and transform island and the washing water throwing in special bacterium, worm's ovum kind agent forest network (3) purifies through charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row/bucket row's forest network (2) and enrichment, provide the drip washing recycled water source for downstream catch feeder forest network (5) simultaneously;
Described catch feeder forest network (5) is positioned at the high contour side at bar field (6) edge, forms last one barrier of water and soil purification facility, provides purification washing water to be iirigation water source by retaining purifying pond forest network structure (4).
2. the forest network enrichment for removing bar field heavy metal according to claim 1 transforms the row's of filling circulatory system, it is characterized in that: described charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row/bucket row's forest network (2), enrichment transform island and throw in special bacterium, worm's ovum kind agent forest network (3), retaining purifying pond forest network structure (4), the enrichment formed in forest network of catch feeder forest network (5) institute transform that seeds comprise all heavy metal and have high accumulation ability, water-fastly to wet, resistant to pollution shrub seeds.
3. the forest network enrichment for removing bar field heavy metal according to claim 1 transforms the row's of filling circulatory system, it is characterized in that: described enrichment conversion island and the special bacterium of throwing in special bacterium, worm's ovum kind agent forest network (3), the agent of worm's ovum kind are the activated sludge of natural wetland, cultivate by carrying out simulation to the activated sludge of natural wetland nature bacterial classification, be separated, expand numerous, manufacture out the anaerobism, aerobic with facultative type composite bacteria liquid and plant agent being suitable for wetland and applying.
4. the forest network enrichment for removing bar field heavy metal according to claim 1 transforms the row's of filling circulatory system, it is characterized in that: described bar field blind pipe (1) is anti-blocking infiltration drainage pipeline networks, and with 4.0 ?12.0m ╳ 4.0 ?the grid configuration of 12.0m lay, below the agric imbedding bar field (6) be 50 ?70cm place.
5. a kind of forest network enrichment for removing bar field heavy metal according to claim 1 transforms the row's of filling circulatory system, it is characterized in that: described charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row/bucket row's forest network (2) is the gutter of digging out along the contour low level side at bar field (6) edge, and plant trees along slope, gutter two, through trees, the enrichment of water and soil heavy metal, chelating are transformed, form the secondary purification facility based on charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row/bucket row's forest network (2); Described facility comprises: the kind plant hole that two sides, gutter are dug out, the special bacterium of the modified filter material filled out in cave and input, the agent of worm's ovum kind, and the plant of the trees be planted in cave and the association of side slope nature.
6. a kind of forest network enrichment for removing bar field heavy metal according to claim 1 transforms the row's of filling circulatory system, it is characterized in that: described enrichment transforms island and comprising with each monomer enrichment conversion reaction case of input special bacterium, worm's ovum kind agent forest network (3): the trapezoidal cabinet that corrosion-resistant engineering plastics, rubber or resin are made, the modified filter material of filling in case, the special bacterium added, the agent of worm's ovum kind and the enrichment of planting in case transform seeds, thus the bioreactor of the self-assembling formation biocoene of taking as the leading factor with trees and water and soil pollution thing.
7. require that a kind of forest network enrichment for removing bar field heavy metal described in 1 transforms the row's of filling circulatory system according to profit, it is characterized in that: described retaining purifying pond forest network structure (4) comprising: cover at the bottom of the pool and pool modified filter material layer on the bank, the heavy water that filter material layer is planted, swim, very water and the raw herbaceous plant of bank, be planted in the xylophyta of pool dike periphery, and the special bacterium added in modified filter material, the agent of worm's ovum kind.
8. require that a kind of forest network enrichment for removing bar field heavy metal described in 1 transforms the row's of filling circulatory system according to profit, it is characterized in that: described catch feeder forest network (5) comprising: the other kind plant hole dug out of field ditch, the modified filter material filled out in cave and the special bacterium of input, the agent of worm's ovum kind, and the enrichment be planted in cave transforms seeds.
9. require that a kind of forest network enrichment for removing bar field heavy metal described in 1 transforms the row's of filling circulatory system according to profit, it is characterized in that: described charge for remittance precipitation agriculture row/bucket row's forest network (2), enrichment transforms island and throws in special bacterium, worm's ovum kind agent forest network (3), retaining purifying pond forest network structure (4), enrichment in the forest network that catch feeder forest network (5) is formed transforms seeds and comprises: yew, wet-land pine tree, bald cypress, metasequoia, Chi Shan, mulberry tree, Manchurian ash, dry land willow, steamed bun willow, weeping willow, China tree, leaflet Chinese wax, Chinese tallow tree, Chinese ash, fragrant camphor tree, Bischofia javanica Bl, mosquito is female, Mao Shu, Beijing Poplar, populus simonii, eugene poplar, false indigo, Mongolia willow, dryland willow, Chinese tamarisk.
10. require that a kind of forest network enrichment for removing bar field heavy metal described in 1 transforms the row's of filling circulatory system according to profit, it is characterized in that: described modified filter material is the solid waste through physics, chemical modification, comprise fluid bed slag, pottery, watt, porcelain, coal-fired slag, again by after implantable bioartificial, become heavy metal and there is the biochemical reaction field of high physical absorption ability, microbial adhesion and biodegradation transforms field, forest supports and absorption and animal habitat take food important regeneration matrix and the biochemical reaction medium of field.
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CN105855279A (en) * 2016-05-23 2016-08-17 南京万德斯环保科技股份有限公司 Construction method of comprehensive heavy metal polluted soil ecological restoration system
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