CN106953091A - 贮氢合金和阴电极以及采用它们的ni‑金属氢化物电池 - Google Patents
贮氢合金和阴电极以及采用它们的ni‑金属氢化物电池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106953091A CN106953091A CN201710091948.6A CN201710091948A CN106953091A CN 106953091 A CN106953091 A CN 106953091A CN 201710091948 A CN201710091948 A CN 201710091948A CN 106953091 A CN106953091 A CN 106953091A
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- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- alloy
- storage
- capacity
- phase
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- Pending
Links
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 181
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 176
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 42
- 150000004681 metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 title description 32
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000878 H alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000002079 cooperative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 8
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910008340 ZrNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910017488 Cu K Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910017541 Cu-K Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910003126 Zr–Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000009102 absorption Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N (r)-(6-ethoxyquinolin-4-yl)-[(2s,4s,5r)-5-ethyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]methanol;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C([C@H]([C@H](C1)CC)C2)CN1[C@@H]2[C@H](O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OCC)C=C21 QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910007884 Zr7Ni10 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 Hydride Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 229910002335 LaNi5 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000018199 S phase Effects 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000756 V alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008346 ZrNi2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010977 jade Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006557 surface reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/383—Hydrogen absorbing alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/0005—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes
- C01B3/001—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes characterised by the uptaking medium; Treatment thereof
- C01B3/0031—Intermetallic compounds; Metal alloys; Treatment thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C16/00—Alloys based on zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/24—Electrodes for alkaline accumulators
- H01M4/242—Hydrogen storage electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/34—Gastight accumulators
- H01M10/345—Gastight metal hydride accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US13/694,299 US20140140885A1 (en) | 2012-11-16 | 2012-11-16 | Hydrogen storage alloy and negative electrode and Ni-metal hydride battery employing same |
| US13/694,299 | 2012-11-16 | ||
| CN201380059787.2A CN104903479A (zh) | 2012-11-16 | 2013-11-13 | 贮氢合金和阴电极以及采用它们的ni-金属氢化物电池 |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201380059787.2A Division CN104903479A (zh) | 2012-11-16 | 2013-11-13 | 贮氢合金和阴电极以及采用它们的ni-金属氢化物电池 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106953091A true CN106953091A (zh) | 2017-07-14 |
Family
ID=50728120
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710091948.6A Pending CN106953091A (zh) | 2012-11-16 | 2013-11-13 | 贮氢合金和阴电极以及采用它们的ni‑金属氢化物电池 |
| CN201380059787.2A Pending CN104903479A (zh) | 2012-11-16 | 2013-11-13 | 贮氢合金和阴电极以及采用它们的ni-金属氢化物电池 |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201380059787.2A Pending CN104903479A (zh) | 2012-11-16 | 2013-11-13 | 贮氢合金和阴电极以及采用它们的ni-金属氢化物电池 |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US20140140885A1 (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP2920333A4 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP6312692B2 (enExample) |
| CN (2) | CN106953091A (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO2014078351A1 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107208202A (zh) * | 2015-02-11 | 2017-09-26 | 巴斯夫公司 | 储氢合金 |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20020037454A1 (en) * | 1994-07-22 | 2002-03-28 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Hydrogen-absorbing alloy, method of surface modification of the alloy, negative electrode for battery and alkaline secondary battery |
| CN1385911A (zh) * | 2001-05-11 | 2002-12-18 | 浙江大学 | 镍－金属氢化物(Ni－MH)二次电池 |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR920010422B1 (ko) * | 1987-05-15 | 1992-11-27 | 마쯔시다덴기산교 가부시기가이샤 | 수소흡수저장전극 및 그 제조법 |
| JPH0650633B2 (ja) * | 1987-07-30 | 1994-06-29 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 水素吸蔵電極 |
| US5002730A (en) * | 1989-07-24 | 1991-03-26 | Energy Conversion Devices | Preparation of vanadium rich hydrogen storage alloy materials |
| JPH05287422A (ja) * | 1992-04-13 | 1993-11-02 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 水素吸蔵合金電極 |
| JPH073365A (ja) * | 1993-04-20 | 1995-01-06 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 水素吸蔵合金および水素吸蔵合金電極 |
| JPH09199121A (ja) * | 1996-01-22 | 1997-07-31 | Toshiba Corp | 水素吸蔵合金及び二次電池 |
| US5560752A (en) * | 1994-08-17 | 1996-10-01 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Process for activation of metal hydrides |
| JPH08134567A (ja) * | 1994-11-11 | 1996-05-28 | Shin Kobe Electric Mach Co Ltd | 水素吸蔵合金及びアルカリ蓄電池用水素吸蔵合金電極 |
| JPH08319529A (ja) * | 1995-05-22 | 1996-12-03 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 水素吸蔵合金および水素吸蔵合金電極 |
| KR100241813B1 (ko) * | 1996-01-22 | 2000-02-01 | 니시무로 타이죠 | 수소저장합금, 이 합금의 표면변형방법, 전지의 음전극 및 알칼 라인 2차전지 |
| JP3528599B2 (ja) * | 1998-05-21 | 2004-05-17 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 水素吸蔵合金 |
| US6270719B1 (en) * | 1999-04-12 | 2001-08-07 | Ovonic Battery Company, Inc. | Modified electrochemical hydrogen storage alloy having increased capacity, rate capability and catalytic activity |
| JP3931518B2 (ja) * | 1999-07-08 | 2007-06-20 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | ニッケル−水素二次電池 |
| CN102683653A (zh) * | 2011-03-09 | 2012-09-19 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | 复合贮氢合金及镍氢蓄电池 |
| CN102738520B (zh) * | 2011-04-14 | 2017-02-15 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | 镍氢蓄电池 |
-
2012
- 2012-11-16 US US13/694,299 patent/US20140140885A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2013
- 2013-11-13 CN CN201710091948.6A patent/CN106953091A/zh active Pending
- 2013-11-13 EP EP13855339.1A patent/EP2920333A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-11-13 JP JP2015542737A patent/JP6312692B2/ja active Active
- 2013-11-13 CN CN201380059787.2A patent/CN104903479A/zh active Pending
- 2013-11-13 WO PCT/US2013/069797 patent/WO2014078351A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2016
- 2016-03-22 US US15/076,844 patent/US20160204429A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20020037454A1 (en) * | 1994-07-22 | 2002-03-28 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Hydrogen-absorbing alloy, method of surface modification of the alloy, negative electrode for battery and alkaline secondary battery |
| CN1385911A (zh) * | 2001-05-11 | 2002-12-18 | 浙江大学 | 镍－金属氢化物(Ni－MH)二次电池 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| M.BOUOUDINA等: "Structural investigation by neutron diffraction of equi-atomic Zr-Ti(V)-Ni(Co) compounds and their related hydrides", 《JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS》 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2014078351A1 (en) | 2014-05-22 |
| EP2920333A4 (en) | 2016-11-16 |
| EP2920333A1 (en) | 2015-09-23 |
| JP2015537119A (ja) | 2015-12-24 |
| CN104903479A (zh) | 2015-09-09 |
| US20140140885A1 (en) | 2014-05-22 |
| JP6312692B2 (ja) | 2018-04-18 |
| US20160204429A1 (en) | 2016-07-14 |
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