CN106929125A - 一种润滑脂组合物 - Google Patents

一种润滑脂组合物 Download PDF

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CN106929125A
CN106929125A CN201511029174.1A CN201511029174A CN106929125A CN 106929125 A CN106929125 A CN 106929125A CN 201511029174 A CN201511029174 A CN 201511029174A CN 106929125 A CN106929125 A CN 106929125A
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lithium
lubricant composition
lubricating grease
composition according
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强永席
程型国
周圆
李建明
张遂心
王越
毛菁菁
杨涛
刘睿
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Petrochina Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种润滑脂组合物，由基础脂和复合添加剂组成，所述基础脂由80～90wt％的基础油和10～20wt％锂皂稠化剂组成，所述锂皂稠化剂由十二羟基硬脂酸锂、异硬脂酸锂和辛酸锂组成，其摩尔比为1∶0.05∶0.2～1∶0.1∶0.3。该润滑脂具有优良的抗氧化性能、优良的极压抗磨性能，良好的防锈蚀及缓蚀性能、长的使用寿命，适合超静音、终生润滑的轴承。

Description

一种润滑脂组合物
技术领域
本发明涉及一种润滑脂，特别是涉及一种用于超静音环境具有较长使用寿命的润滑脂。
背景技术
近年来，我国轴承行业快速发展，轴承产量飞速增长。低噪音轴承润滑脂产品是当前润滑脂行业技术含量最高，市场需求旺盛，发展前景良好的产品。我国市场上目前使用的低噪音润滑脂高端产品以国外产品为主，且售价昂贵。国外低噪音脂对杂质含量的控制要求非常高，轴承寿命远远大于国内产品，此外，在降噪技术上也大大优于国内产品。因此，延长轴承使用寿命、降低杂质含量及优良的降噪性能是低噪音润滑脂开发急需解决的关键技术问题。
专利号为W02005US27542的专利提供了一种耐热和减噪的锂基润滑脂组合物，其具有5-20％锂皂稠化剂，该增稠剂具有26-32个碳原子的长链脂肪酸锂和10-20个碳原子的高级羟基脂肪酸锂。包括95-80％的基础油，该基础油包括聚合物酯类油，合成烃油、合成醚油、矿物油中的一种或多种。并加入抗氧剂和防锈剂等。润滑脂具有较好的噪音特性。
专利号为US2008305973的专利提供了一种密封在小电动机轴承中以降低噪音的锂基脂组合物，组份包括5-20％的增稠剂，95-80％的基础油，基础油包括一种聚合物酯油和醚油。
以上两种专利或多或少的都涉及到了醚类油，由于醚类油在我国的资源不是很多，所以这方面的润滑脂非常少，同时成本价格也是比较高的。
专利号CN102021069B的专利一种锂基低噪音润滑脂的组合物及其制备方法，润滑脂组合物包括a)基础油A：60～70％；b)基础油B：10～20％；c)稠化剂：5～15％；d)添加剂：1-5％；将40％-60％的基础油组份A加入反应釜中、投入脂肪酸，加热到80-85℃，加入氢氧化锂水溶液，加热到90-100℃开始皂化，皂化结束升温，升到210-215℃后用剩余的基础油A在反应釜内进行冷却，冷却温度控制在140-190℃，然后加入基础油B进行降温，降温到90-100℃后加入添加剂组分C，等温度降到70-80℃时加入添加剂组分D，当温度降低到30-60℃时经过三辊机压油后出成品。润滑脂具有良好降低振动噪音性能，振动值可以降低2-5个分贝值，同时润滑脂的高温性能和低温性能等指标都达到较好的指标范围，润滑脂成品也具有透明的外观。
此外，在2004年的《合成润滑材料》中，介绍了通过对锂基润滑脂基础油和冷却方式的考察，发现基础油和冷却方式对润滑脂的噪音性能影响不同，对环烷基油，控制冷却制备的润滑脂具有较好的噪音特性，而基础油是季戊四醇和环烷基油的混合油时，润滑脂具有较好的噪音特性。以上专利文献提到的润滑脂具有较好的噪音特性，但对润滑脂的轴承寿命均未涉及，本发明在兼顾噪音特性的同时对润滑脂的轴承寿命提出更高的要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了克服现有润滑脂存在的问题，提供一种具有超静音、长寿命以满足现代工业发展的润滑脂产品。
为达到上述目的，本发明提供一种润滑脂组合物，由基础脂和复合添加剂组成，所述基础脂由80～90wt％的基础油和10～20wt％锂皂稠化剂组成，所述锂皂稠化剂由十二羟基硬脂酸锂、异硬脂酸锂和辛酸锂组成，其摩尔比为1∶0.05∶0.2～1∶0.1∶0.3。
本发明所述的润滑脂组合物，其中，以基础脂重量为100份计，所述复合添加剂优选包括0.2～1.0重量份的抗氧剂、4～5重量份的极压抗磨剂、0.05～0.1重量份的金属减活剂和0.5～0.8重量份的防锈剂。
本发明所述的润滑脂组合物，其中，所述抗氧剂最好选自由二苯胺、辛基/戊基二苯胺、液体酚类抗氧剂和2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚所组成的群组中的任意一种或两种。
本发明所述的润滑脂组合物，其中，所述极压抗磨剂中选自由硫磷伯/仲烷基锌盐和硫磷丁辛伯烷基锌盐所组成的群组中的至少一种。
本发明所述的润滑脂组合物，其中，所述金属减活剂优选为苯三唑型金属减活剂和/或噻二唑型金属减活剂。
本发明所述的润滑脂组合物，其中，所述防锈剂最好选自由二壬基萘磺酸盐、苯并三氮唑和烷基磷酸胺所组成的群组中的至少一种。
本发明一种具有超静音、长寿命润滑脂具有如下优点；l)良好的噪音性能；2)优异的极压抗磨性，可有效防止设备过度磨损、擦伤；3)具有较好的抗氧抗腐性能，可延长润滑脂及设备的使用寿命。
具体实施方式
以下通过实施例进一步详细描述本发明，但这些实施例不应认为是对本发明的限制。
实施例1
将2602g基础油(40℃粘度68.7mm/s)、300.0g十二羟基硬脂酸、14.1g异硬脂酸、28.8g辛酸和55.1g单水氢氧化锂配置的水溶液，水的加入量为300g，加入压力制脂釜中升温到140℃左右，皂化1小时后，脱水，继续升温到210℃，搅拌降温，在上100℃时加入15.0g(0.5wt％)二苯胺、15.0g(0.5wt％)2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、120.0g(4wt％)硫磷丁辛伯烷基锌盐、1.5g(0.05％)N，N-而烷基氨基亚甲基苯三唑、15g(0.5wt％)二壬基萘磺酸盐，搅拌均匀降至90℃左右，均化研磨，出釜得低噪音的润滑脂组合物，其性能见表1。
实施例2
将2430g基础油(40℃粘度68.7mm/s)、300.0g十二羟基硬脂酸、71.0g异硬脂酸和55.13g单水氢氧化锂配置水溶液，水的加入量为300g，加入压力制脂釜中升温到140℃左右，皂化1小时后，脱水，继续升温到210℃，搅拌降温，在上100℃时加入14.1g(0.5wt％)辛基/戊基二苯胺、21.1g(0.75wt％)液体高分子酚、126.5g(4.5wt％)硫磷伯/仲烷基锌盐、2.1g(0.075wt％)N，N-二烷基氨基亚甲基苯三唑、18.3g(0.65wt％)苯并三氮唑，搅拌均匀降至90℃左右，均化研磨，出釜得低噪音的润滑脂组合物，其性能见表1。
实施例3
将2230g基础油(40℃粘度68.7mm/s)、300.0g十二羟基硬脂酸、85.2g异硬脂酸和57.33g单水氢氧化锂配置水溶液，水的加入量为300g，加入压力制脂釜中升温到140℃左右，皂化1小时后，脱水，继续升温到210℃，搅拌降温，在上100℃时加入13.1g(0.5wt％)辛基/戊基二苯胺、26.2g(1.0wt％)2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、131.2g(5wt％)硫磷丁辛伯烷基锌盐、2.6g(0.1wt％)噻二唑、21.0g(0.8wt％)烷基磷酸胺，搅拌均匀降至90℃左右，均化研磨，出釜得低噪音的润滑脂组合物，其性能见表1。
对比例1
按照专利CN102021069B公开的配方工艺试验。
将120.0g12羟基硬脂酸和30.0g硬脂酸及其300.0g环烷基基础油投入到反应釜中，加热到83℃，加入22.0g氢氧化锂配置的水溶液，水的加入量为120.0g。加热到95℃开始计时皂化，皂化结束后升温，升到213℃后用300.0g基础油在反应釜内进行冷却，当冷却温度在170℃时，继续加入100.0g三羟甲基丙烷酯和100.0g季戊四醇酯进行降温，降温到95℃时加入30.0g二辛基二苯胺，降低到75℃时加入20.0g2、6二叔丁基酚，降低到45℃时经过三辊机压油三遍后出成品。其性能见表1。
表1低噪音润滑脂性能
从表1的数据可以看出：
(1)本发明的润滑脂组合物具有良好好的低噪音振动性能，可以在空白轴承的基础上降低13-15个分贝值，比市场上较好的润滑脂其降低3～5个分贝值，要高出3～4倍。而BeQuiet+方法的噪音评级专利润滑脂的GN3远远大于对比例1的GN1也同样说明本发明的润滑脂组合物具有优良的低噪音特性，可以预期在使用中相对降低电机的噪音，为环境保护做出贡献。(2)本发明的润滑脂组合物具有较好的综合性能，特别是低温启动系能和运转性能，这可以降低使用电机轴承在低温环境下启动和运转时的力矩，节约能源，保护设备的运行和提高轴承对设备的维护可靠性。(3)本发明的润滑脂组合物以上优异性能的取得得益于配方中的基础脂和添加剂合理的匹配，使其具有优异的极压抗磨性能、防锈性能、抗氧化性能，并且复合添加剂可以有效地提高润滑脂的抗氧性、极压性，该复合添加剂可以大幅提高润滑脂的PB、PD值，有效降低磨斑直径，大幅度的提升了使用寿命。(4)本发明的润滑脂组合物与对比例1相比在润滑脂降噪、轴承寿命等方面大大提高，有效解决了市场上同类低噪音润滑脂的不足。
当然，本发明还可有其它多种实施例，在不背离本发明精神及其实质的情况下，熟悉本领域的技术人员可根据本发明作出各种相应的改变和变形，但这些相应的改变和变形都应属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (6)

1.一种润滑脂组合物，其特征在于，由基础脂和复合添加剂组成，所述基础脂由80～90wt％的基础油和10～20wt％锂皂稠化剂组成，所述锂皂稠化剂由十二羟基硬脂酸锂、异硬脂酸锂和辛酸锂组成，其摩尔比为1∶0.05∶0.2～1∶0.1∶0.3。
2.根据权利要求1所述的润滑脂组合物，其特征在于，以基础脂重量为100份计，所述复合添加剂包括0.2～1.0重量份的抗氧剂、4～5重量份的极压抗磨剂、0.05～0.1重量份的金属减活剂和0.5～0.8重量份的防锈剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的润滑脂组合物，其特征在于，所述抗氧剂选自由二苯胺、辛基/戊基二苯胺、液体酚类抗氧剂和2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚所组成的群组中的任意一种或两种。
4.根据权利要求2所述的润滑脂组合物，其特征在于，所述极压抗磨剂选自由硫磷伯/仲烷基锌盐和硫磷丁辛伯烷基锌盐所组成的群组中的至少一种。
5.根据权利要求2所述的润滑脂组合物，其特征在于，所述金属减活剂为苯三唑型金属减活剂和/或噻二唑型金属减活剂。
6.根据权利要求2所述的润滑脂组合物，其特征在于，所述防锈剂选自由二壬基萘磺酸盐、苯并三氮唑和烷基磷酸胺所组成的群组中的至少一种。
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