CN106924803B - 一种高性能医用液体创可贴及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种高性能医用液体创可贴及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106924803B
CN106924803B CN201710311661.XA CN201710311661A CN106924803B CN 106924803 B CN106924803 B CN 106924803B CN 201710311661 A CN201710311661 A CN 201710311661A CN 106924803 B CN106924803 B CN 106924803B
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袁妍
章金凤
周珍
施楠彬
刘仁
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Beijing Taike Siman Technology Development Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种高性能医用液体创可贴,该液体创可贴所含原料及各原料的重量份数为:醋酸纤维素80~120份,蓖麻油20~50份,三乙酸甘油酯30~70份,苯甲醇200~500份,乙酸乙酯800~1200份,多巴胺1~10份,硝酸银水溶液40~400份,单宁酸乙醇溶液100~500份。本发明创可贴具有良好的抗菌性能,并且兼有对皮肤高附着力、防水、透气、遮瑕等性能。

Description

一种高性能医用液体创可贴及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及医用材料技术领域,尤其是涉及一种具有抗菌、高附着力、遮瑕功能的高性能液体创可贴。
背景技术
人们在日常生活和工作中不可避免的会造成皮肤的各种损伤,而市场上治疗创伤的方法主要有粉末类药物、软膏类药物、创可贴、医用纱布等,但存在药物的防水性和透气性较差,生物相容性不够理想,而医用创可贴、纱布无抗菌性,容易产生二次感染等问题。目前市场上出现了许多新型的医用敷料,如专利号为CN 102772801 A披露了一种用于治疗擦伤的伤口喷雾剂,专利号为CN 105288722 A的专利提供了一种以硝化纤维素为成膜物质的防水透气液体创可贴,但都只是对创面起到最简单的保护作用,缺乏伤口感染等方面作用。
醋酸纤维素是一种非常易得的人造纤维,具有良好的生物相容和生物可降解性,透气性好、柔顺性好、强度高、无毒无害、长期和皮肤接触不过敏,醋酸短纤制成的无纺布可用于外科手术包扎,与伤口不粘连,是高级医疗卫生材料。同时醋酸纤维素具有一定吸水性,能给伤口恢复提供良好的湿润环境。江阴市柏御天谷生物医药有限公司就曾以专利号CN 104771081A公布了一种以醋酸纤维素为成膜物质的液体创面保护膜及其制备方法,但该配方用植物提取物作为抑菌剂,抗菌效果不明显,而且成本较高。
单宁酸作为一种生物基大分子,具有环境友好、可降解再生等优点,除此之外,其多酚羟基的结构赋予了它许多性质,可有效还原出银纳米粒子。银纳米粒子抗菌材料属于无机类抗菌剂,金属银的抗菌性早已被人熟知:1893年,瑞士植物学家梅奇利发现银离子能杀灭藻类;1929年,英国的弗利密库采用载银药物来治疗梅毒,随着对载银医用敷料的制备、性能、应用等研究取得突飞猛进的发展,载银敷料在医药研究和临床治疗领域显得日益重要。目前,以纤维素为基体原位合成纳米银粒子的方法大多采用化学试剂还原技术。例如,孙东平等人以细菌纤维素为载体,甲醛为还原剂采用液相化学还原法合成载银细菌纤维素复合材料,结果显示所得银纳米粒子平均粒径在45nm左右,对大肠杆菌、酵母菌和白色念珠菌等都有理想的抗菌性能。Pinto等人原位合成纳米银/纤维复合材料,该材料对A矿具有更持久的控释作用。上述方法虽有效制得纳米银,但制备过程中加有一些有毒有害的化学还原试剂。
多巴胺是海洋贻贝分泌的黏附蛋白的主要成分,是黏附蛋白具有超强黏附性的关键。多巴胺在有水存在的条件下很容易发生氧化自聚反应,生成具有良好粘合性和生物相容性的聚多巴胺粒子,有效增强医用膜对皮肤的附着力。同时,已有文献报道聚多巴胺具有螯合效应及还原性,可将纳米银颗粒载入聚多巴胺,进一步稳定银纳米颗粒,增强抗菌性。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的上述问题,本发明申请人提供了一种高性能医用液体创可贴及其制备方法。本发明以醋酸纤维素为成膜物质,乙酸乙酯为溶剂,加入以天然可再生单宁酸还原稳定的银纳米粒子,赋予良好的抗菌性,适量多巴胺并添加适量蓖麻油、苯甲醇和增塑剂三乙酸甘油酯来增加膜和创面的亲和度、减轻痛感。
本发明的技术方案如下:
一种高性能医用液体创可贴,所述液体创可贴所含原料及各原料的重量份数为:
所述硝酸银水溶液的浓度为0.05~0.3mg/mL;所述单宁酸乙醇溶液的浓度为1.5~5.0mg/mL。
一种所述高性能医用液体创可贴的制备方法,该方法包括如下步骤:
(1)将80~120份醋酸纤维素、20~50份蓖麻油、30~70份三乙酸甘油酯、200~500份苯甲醇加入到800~1200份乙酸乙酯中,机械搅拌充分溶解作为成膜溶液;
(2)将100~500份单宁酸乙醇溶液与40~400份硝酸银水溶液进行混合,避光水浴反应2~24h,制得银纳米粒子溶液;
(3)将步骤(2)制得的银纳米粒子溶液、1~10份多巴胺加入步骤(1)制得的成膜溶液中混合均匀,制得所述高性能医用液体创可贴。
所述单宁酸乙醇溶液与硝酸银水溶液反应的水浴温度为10~40℃。
本发明有益的技术效果在于:
1、本发明有着良好的抗菌性能,对多种病原菌的生长有明显的抑制活性,并且兼有对皮肤高附着力、防水、透气性能,适用于皮肤损伤,对伤口有良好的保护作用,并能防止伤口感染,同时利用银纳米颗粒对体系产生的变色效应,通过调节其比例改变产品颜色,进而达到有效遮盖伤口的效果。
2、本发明工艺简单,反应条件较温和,替代了现有技术中常用的有毒有害的还原剂,原料易得,成本低廉。
3、本发明单宁酸作为硝酸银的还原剂,无需再加入现有技术中常用的水合肼、硼氢化钠等有毒有害还原剂,符合绿色环保的理念;除了充当还原剂,单宁酸还能充当银纳米粒子的稳定剂,防止其聚集,故反应温度低、反应条件温和、工艺简单、便于操作。
4、本发明醋酸纤维素具有良好的生物相容性和生物可降解性,透气性好、无毒无害、长期和皮肤接触不过敏,而且廉价易得,是作为成膜物质较好的选择。
5、本发明银纳米粒子作为抗菌剂,具有抗菌效率高、抗菌广谱等特性,同时具有耐药性强、耐热性好、安全性高等优势;银纳米粒子抗菌机理是:银纳米粒子与致病菌DNA碱基结合形成交叉链接,置换嘌呤和嘧啶中相邻氮键,DNA无法复制,从而使细菌死亡,具有低毒耐热、抗菌持久、抗菌谱广等优点,载银抗菌剂会给体系带来较深的颜色,作为一种外用创伤医用膜,可有效利用颜色效应,从而达到遮瑕的效果。
6、本发明多巴胺在有水条件下发生氧化自聚反应,生成聚多巴胺,其具有良好粘合性和生物相容性,可显著提高体系对皮肤的附着力,而且,聚多巴胺具有螯合效应及还原性,可进一步还原并载入纳米银颗粒,增强抗菌效果。
7、本发明各原料之间相互配伍、协同作用,共同制得高性能的医用液体创可贴。
附图说明
图1为本发明示意图;
图中:空白组为实施例1步骤(1)制得成膜溶液抗菌性测试结果图,样品组为实施例1制得液体医用创可贴抗菌性测试结果图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例,对本发明进行具体描述。
实施例1
一种高性能医用液体创可贴的制备方法,包括如下具体步骤:
(1)将1.0g醋酸纤维素、0.2g蓖麻油、0.4g三乙酸甘油酯、2.0g苯甲醇加入到10.0g乙酸乙酯溶液中,机械搅拌充分溶解为成膜溶液;
(2)将2.0mL的单宁酸乙醇溶液(2.0mg/mL)与0.7mL硝酸银水溶液(0.1mg/mL)混合,并在30℃恒温水浴中反应8小时,制得银纳米粒子溶液;
(3)将步骤(2)制得的银纳米粒子溶液、0.02g多巴胺加入步骤(1)制得的成膜溶液中混合均匀,制得所述高性能医用液体创可贴。
实施例2:
一种高性能医用液体创可贴的制备方法,包括如下具体步骤:
(1)将1.2g醋酸纤维素、0.4g蓖麻油、0.5g三乙酸甘油酯、4.0g苯甲醇加入到12.0g乙酸乙酯溶液中,机械搅拌充分溶解为成膜溶液;
(2)将1.2mL的单宁酸乙醇溶液(4.0mg/mL)与0.3mL硝酸银水溶液(0.25mg/mL)混合,并在35℃恒温水浴中反应12小时,制得银纳米粒子溶液;
(3)将步骤(2)制得的银纳米粒子溶液、0.03g多巴胺加入步骤(1)制得的成膜溶液中混合均匀,制得所述高性能医用液体创可贴。
实施例3:
一种高性能医用液体创可贴的制备方法,包括如下具体步骤:
(1)将0.8g醋酸纤维素、0.2g蓖麻油、0.4g三乙酸甘油酯、3.0g苯甲醇加入到10.0g乙酸乙酯溶液中,机械搅拌充分溶解为成膜溶液;
(2)将2.0mL的单宁酸乙醇溶液(1.5mg/mL)与0.2mL硝酸银水溶液(0.3mg/mL)混合,并在40℃恒温水浴中反应24小时,制得银纳米粒子溶液;
(3)将步骤(2)制得的银纳米粒子溶液、0.01g多巴胺加入步骤(1)制得的成膜溶液中混合均匀,制得所述高性能医用液体创可贴。
测试例:
1、水蒸气透过性测试——ASTM法
将实施例2所制医用液体创可贴涂覆于玻璃板基材上,自然成膜后剥离,取7个不同位置用膜厚仪测出厚度,舍去其中的一个最大值和最小值,剩余5组取平均值作为膜厚度;
采用直径为3cm深为4cm的玻璃瓶,为了保证玻璃瓶中的湿度为0%,向其中加入3g干燥的CaCl2,然后通过石蜡将所制膜密封于玻璃瓶口(由于在一定湿度下石蜡性质不稳定,故选择用双面胶进行密封),将玻璃瓶都放入密封容器中,在30℃下保持湿度为75%(使用饱和1000mL NaCl溶液),玻璃瓶的质量每隔2h称一次,连续24h,吸收水的含量通过玻璃瓶中质量的增加测定;测试结果为2.9×10^-11g/(h·m·Pa)。
水蒸气渗透性(WVP)通过以下公式
WVTR=Δw/Δt/A(膜厚相同)
WVP=WVTR×L/Δp(膜厚度不同)
其中,WVTR是水蒸气渗透速率g/(h·m2);Δw/Δt是吸水的速率(g/h);A是膜暴露的面积(m2);L是膜的厚度;Δp是膜两面的压强差,膜表面水蒸气压力较高一侧的压力为3.2MPa(饱和NaCl溶液在30℃下的压力为3.2MPa),低水汽压的那边的压力为0。
2、抗菌性测试:
①LB液体培养基的配制
将10g胰蛋白胨、5g酵母提取物和10g NaCl溶于1000mL去离子水中,不断搅拌至完全溶解,在高压灭菌锅中经121℃高压蒸汽灭菌15min,即得到LB液体培养基;
②LB固体培养基的配制
将10g胰蛋白胨、5g酵母提取物、10g NaCl和20g琼脂溶于1000mL去离子水中,加热搅拌至完全溶解,在高压灭菌锅中经121℃高压蒸汽灭菌15min,即得到LB固体培养基
③抑菌圈测试
将100μL稀释后的革兰氏阳性菌(S.aureus金黄色葡萄球菌)菌液(105~106CFU/mL)滴加在凝固后的固体培养基表面,并用涂布器使其涂布均匀,用无菌镊子将直径为10mm的涂有实施例1液体创可贴的干燥滤纸圆片,水平放置在固体培养基表面,放置于37℃恒温培养箱中培养,24h后观察抗菌效果。测试结果如图1所示。
由图1可以看出涂有本发明实施例1制得的医用液体创可贴样品可以形成大小为20.9±0.4mm的抑菌圈,本发明产品具有良好抗菌性。
3、粘附性测试:
用表层为聚氧酯的皮革样品代替皮肤进行测试,皮革裁剪成大小250mm×25mm,将实施例3所得医用液体创可贴涂覆于皮革上,形成200mm×10mm覆盖面积,自然晾干,然后将皮革放置在流动水流中冲洗20min,取出后用棉花擦拭,本发明实施例的医用液体创可贴仍可保持不剥离状态。

Claims (2)

1.一种高性能医用液体创可贴,其特征在于所述液体创可贴所含原料及各原料的重量份数为:
所述硝酸银水溶液的浓度为0.05~0.3mg/mL;所述单宁酸乙醇溶液的浓度为1.5~5.0mg/mL;
所述高性能医用液体创可贴的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将80~120份醋酸纤维素、20~50份蓖麻油、30~70份三乙酸甘油酯、200~500份苯甲醇加入到800~1200份乙酸乙酯中,机械搅拌充分溶解作为成膜溶液;
(2)将100~500份单宁酸乙醇溶液与40~400份硝酸银水溶液进行混合,避光水浴反应2~24h,制得银纳米粒子溶液;
(3)将步骤(2)制得的银纳米粒子溶液、1~10份多巴胺加入步骤(1)制得的成膜溶液中混合均匀,制得所述高性能医用液体创可贴。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高性能医用液体创可贴,其特征在于所述单宁酸乙醇溶液与硝酸银水溶液反应的水浴温度为10~40℃。
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