CN106922475B - Method for rapidly breeding hibiscus hamabo seedlings - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0299—Handling or transporting of soil blocks or seedlings
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for rapidly breeding hibiscus hamabo seedlings, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of material taking, explant pretreatment, explant adventitious root induction treatment, explant field planting and explant seedling management. The invention has the advantages that: firstly, the materials are convenient to obtain, the materials are rich, the breeding efficiency is high, and the seedlings obtained by breeding can keep the excellent characteristics of the female parent strain; secondly, the breeding speed is high, the breeding period is short, the influence and the limitation of natural factors such as seasons, regions and the like are avoided, and the method is suitable for large-scale breeding of the hibiscus hamabo excellent strain; thirdly, strictly optimizing and controlling the components and the concentration of the rooting promoting liquid to enable the rooting promoting liquid to be the optimal concentration for inducing the adventitious roots of the hibiscus hamabo; fourthly, the selection of the types and the concentration of the disinfectant, the nutrient supplement liquid, the nutrient substrate and the like is also strictly matched with necessary elements required in the growth process of the hibiscus hamabo, and the introduction of harmful elements is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hibiscus breeding, in particular to a method for rapidly breeding hibiscus hamabo seedlings.
Background
Hibiscus hamabo Sieb et Zucc is a small deciduous tree of Hibiscus genus of Malvaceae family, and is a new species identified in recent years. The tree crown is dense, the flower is golden yellow, the shape is large and gorgeous, the flowering period is long, and the tree can be used as a good landscaping tree species. Besides ornamental value, the hibiscus hamabo is drought-resistant and barren, and is a water and soil conservation excellent tree species in barren hilly mountains; it is very resistant to salt, alkali and water flooding and sea wind, and is a pioneer tree species for afforestation in dike protection forest and coastal basal trunk forest zones. However, the hibiscus hamabo is naturally and narrowly distributed, small colonies are formed only in the Zhoushan island and the coastal island of Fujian province in Zhejiang province, and are distributed only in Korea and Japan abroad, and are listed as rare or endangered plants in Zhejiang province. In recent years, with the improvement of the comprehensive development and utilization value of hibiscus hamabo, the demand of hibiscus hamabo is increasing. Therefore, the enhancement of the research and development of the breeding technology of the hibiscus hamabo is of great significance for the development and utilization of the hibiscus hamabo.
At present, the traditional sowing and seedling method is mainly adopted for breeding and cultivating the hibiscus hamabo, but the problems that the natural germination rate of seeds is low, the maintenance of the good characters of the hibiscus hamabo plants is not facilitated, and the like exist. The research on breeding of the hibiscus hamabo by utilizing the cuttage technology has been reported, but 7-8 months branches of the hibiscus hamabo with the length of 8-10cm are used as propagation materials, the propagation process is complicated, the rooting time is long, and the requirement for large-scale breeding of good varieties of the hibiscus hamabo is difficult to meet.
Therefore, aiming at the problems existing in the breeding process of the hibiscus hamabo at present, the development of a simple and rapid breeding technology of the hibiscus hamabo seedlings, which is not easily influenced by seasons and external environment, is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method for quickly breeding hibiscus hamabo seedlings, which has simple steps and convenient operation and is not easily influenced by seasons and external environment.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for rapidly breeding hibiscus hamabo seedlings comprises the following steps:
(1) taking materials
Selecting a wild perennial healthy branch of Hibiscus hamabo with excellent agronomic characters as an explant source, and cutting the branch into a micro stem segment with proper length and 1 axillary bud and 1 leaf for later use;
(2) pretreatment of explants
Washing the micro stem segments of the hibiscus hamabo in the step (1) with running water, performing surface disinfection by using a potassium permanganate solution, and drying the disinfected micro stem segments in the shade to leave a disinfectant solution on the surface for later use;
(3) induction treatment of adventitious roots of explants
Placing the morphological lower end of the hibiscus hamabo micro-stem section subjected to the disinfection treatment in the step (2) in a rooting promoting liquid containing 1000-3000mg/L indolebutyric acid for adventitious root induction treatment;
(4) permanent planting of explants
Inserting the morphological lower end cut of the hibiscus hamabo micro stem section treated by the rooting promoting solution in the step (3) into a sand table which is poured with a nutrient supplementing solution and has the grain diameter of 0.3-0.5mm, wherein the morphological lower end cut is subject to non-overlapping;
(5) management of explant plantlet formation
Covering the micro-stem segments of the hibiscus hamabo planted in the step (4) with a plastic film, and performing adventitious root induction and seedling culture in a greenhouse.
As one of the preferable modes of the invention, the excellent agronomic characters in the step (1) refer to characters with one or more of high yield, long flowering phase and strong stress resistance.
As one of preferable embodiments of the present invention, the length in the step (1) is preferably 0.5 to 2.0 cm.
As one of the preferable modes of the invention, in the step (2), the hibiscus syriacus micro stem segments are washed under running water for 10-20 min.
As one of the preferable modes of the invention, the potassium permanganate solution in the step (2) is 1.0-5.0 per mill (w/v) of potassium permanganate disinfection solution.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the use method of the 1.0-5.0 ‰ (w/v) potassium permanganate disinfectant solution is as follows: and (3) placing the sample to be disinfected in 1.0-5.0 per mill (w/v) potassium permanganate disinfection solution for disinfection for 5-10 min.
As one of the preferable modes of the present invention, in the step (3), the morphological lower end of the sterilized hibiscus syriacus micro stem segment is treated in the rooting promoting solution for 10 to 60 seconds.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (4), the morphological lower end cut of the hibiscus syriacus micro stem section after the rooting promoting solution treatment is inserted into a sand table poured with the nutrient supplementing solution, wherein the insertion length is 0.3-1.0 cm.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the greenhouse in the step (5) is a greenhouse with a temperature of 25-30 ℃ and a relative humidity of 80-85%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nutrient supplement solution is DKW basic culture solution containing no organic element.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: firstly, the explant used by the invention is 0.5-2.0cm and the annual micro stem segment of hibiscus hamabo carrying axillary buds, on one hand, the material is convenient to obtain, the material is rich, and the bred plantlet can keep the excellent characteristics of a female parent strain; on the other hand, compared with the traditional cuttage branch with the length of 8-10cm, the method greatly saves the germplasm materials and improves the propagation efficiency; secondly, the invention adopts the method that micro-stem segments are inserted in a sand table and directly rooted in a greenhouse, and the seedlings are grown in one step; on one hand, the breeding speed is high, the breeding period is short (about 28 days, a complete hibiscus hamabo regeneration plant can be obtained); on the other hand, the influence and the limitation of natural factors such as seasons, regions and the like are avoided, and the method is suitable for large-scale breeding of the hibiscus hamabo excellent strain; thirdly, the invention strictly optimizes and controls the components and the concentration of the rooting promoting liquid to ensure that the rooting promoting liquid becomes the optimal concentration for inducing the adventitious root of the hibiscus hamabo; fourthly, the selection of the types and the concentration of the disinfectant, the nutrient supplement liquid, the nutrient substrate and the like is also strictly matched with necessary elements required in the growth process of the hibiscus hamabo, and the introduction of harmful elements is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a hibiscus hamabo micro-stem material of a method for rapid propagation of hibiscus hamabo seedlings according to example 1;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the formation of micro-stem adventitious roots of Hibiscus syriacus in a method for rapid propagation of young Hibiscus syriacus in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the formation of micro-stem of Hibiscus hamabo in example 1.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
The method for rapidly breeding the hibiscus hamabo seedlings in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) taking materials
Selecting wild perennial healthy branches of Hibiscus hamabo which have excellent agronomic characters (one or more characters of high yield, long flowering phase and strong stress resistance) as explant sources in the last ten days of 5-7 months, and cutting the branches into 0.5cm long micro-stem sections with 1 axillary bud and 1 leaf for later use;
(2) pretreatment of explants
Washing the micro stem segments of the hibiscus hamabo in the step (1) with running water for 10min, then carrying out surface disinfection by 1.0 per mill (w/v) of potassium permanganate disinfection solution, and drying the surface residual disinfectant in the shade after 5min of disinfection for later use;
(3) induction treatment of adventitious roots of explants
Placing the morphological lower end of the sterilized hibiscus hamabo micro-stem segment in the step (2) in rooting promoting liquid containing 1000mg/L indolebutyric acid for 10s, and performing adventitious root induction treatment;
(4) permanent planting of explants
Inserting the morphological lower end cut of the hibiscus hamabo micro stem section treated by the rooting promoting solution in the step (3) into a sand table which is poured with a nutrient supplementing solution and has the grain diameter of 0.3mm, wherein the inserting length is 0.3cm on the basis of no overlapping; wherein the nutrient fluid infusion is DKW basic culture solution without organic elements;
(5) management of explant plantlet formation
Covering the micro-stem segments of the hibiscus hamabo planted in the step (4) with a plastic film, and performing adventitious root induction and seedling culture in a greenhouse with the temperature of 25 ℃ and the relative humidity of 80%; culturing for 18 days, germinating axillary buds of the micro-stem segments, and expanding the morphological lower ends of the micro-stem segments with formation of root primordia; culturing for 30 days, wherein the lower morphological end of the axillary bud of the micro-stem section generates a slender milky adventitious root, each explant averagely generates 1-2 adventitious roots, and the average length of the adventitious roots is 5.0-6.5 cm; culturing for 42 days, wherein the induction rate of the micro-stem adventitious root of the hibiscus hamabo reaches 92.3 percent, and the seedling rate reaches 91.7 percent; research finds that the material selection in 5-7 months has no obvious influence on the rooting rate and the seedling rate of the stem segment of the hibiscus hamabo.
Example 2
The method for rapidly breeding the hibiscus hamabo seedlings in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) taking materials
Selecting wild perennial healthy branches of Hibiscus hamabo with excellent agronomic characters (one or more characters of high yield, long flowering phase and strong stress resistance) as explant sources in the last 8 th month, and cutting the branches into 1.0cm long micro-stem sections (shown in figure 1) with 1 axillary bud and 1 leaf for later use;
(2) pretreatment of explants
Washing the micro stem segments of the hibiscus hamabo in the step (1) for 15min by running water, carrying out surface disinfection by 3.0 per mill (w/v) of potassium permanganate disinfection solution, and drying the surface residual disinfectant in the shade after 8min of disinfection for later use;
(3) induction treatment of adventitious roots of explants
Placing the morphological lower end of the sterilized hibiscus hamabo micro-stem segment in the step (2) in rooting promoting liquid containing 2000mg/L indolebutyric acid for 35s, and performing adventitious root induction treatment;
(4) permanent planting of explants
Inserting the morphological lower end cut of the hibiscus hamabo micro stem section treated by the rooting promoting solution in the step (3) into a sand table which is poured with a nutrient supplementing solution and has the grain diameter of 0.4mm, wherein the inserting length is 0.6cm on the basis of no overlapping; wherein the nutrient fluid infusion is DKW basic culture solution without organic elements;
(5) management of explant plantlet formation
Covering the micro-stem segments of the hibiscus hamabo planted in the step (4) with a plastic film, and performing adventitious root induction and seedling culture in a greenhouse with the temperature of 28 ℃ and the relative humidity of 83%; culturing for 14d, wherein the axillary buds of the micro-stem segments germinate, and the morphological lower ends of the micro-stem segments expand and are accompanied with the formation of root primordia; culturing for 28 days, wherein the morphological lower end of axillary bud of micro-stem section generates thick milky adventitious root, each explant generates 2-4 adventitious roots on average, and the average length of the adventitious roots is 3.0-4.0cm (as shown in figure 2); after the culture for 42 days, the induction rate of the micro-stem adventitious root of the hibiscus hamabo is up to 99.3 percent, and the seedling rate is up to 98.7 percent (as shown in figure 3).
Example 3
The method for rapidly breeding the hibiscus hamabo seedlings in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) taking materials
Selecting wild perennial healthy branches of Hibiscus hamabo which have excellent agronomic characters (one or more characters of high yield, long flowering phase and strong stress resistance) as explant sources in the last ten days of 9-11 months, and cutting the branches into 2.0cm long micro-stem sections with 1 axillary bud and 1 leaf for later use;
(2) pretreatment of explants
Washing the micro stem segments of the hibiscus hamabo in the step (1) with running water for 20min, then carrying out surface disinfection by 5.0 per mill (w/v) of potassium permanganate disinfection solution, and drying the surface residual disinfection solution in the shade after 10min of disinfection for later use;
(3) induction treatment of adventitious roots of explants
Placing the morphological lower end of the sterilized hibiscus hamabo micro-stem segment in the step (2) in rooting promoting liquid containing 3000mg/L indolebutyric acid for 60s, and performing adventitious root induction treatment;
(4) permanent planting of explants
Inserting the morphological lower end cut of the hibiscus hamabo micro stem section treated by the rooting promoting solution in the step (3) into a sand table which is poured with a nutrient supplementing solution and has the grain diameter of 0.5mm, wherein the inserting length is 1.0cm on the basis of no overlapping; wherein the nutrient fluid infusion is DKW basic culture solution without organic elements;
(5) management of explant plantlet formation
Covering the micro-stem segments of the hibiscus hamabo planted in the step (4) with a plastic film, and performing adventitious root induction and seedling culture in a greenhouse with the temperature of 30 ℃ and the relative humidity of 85%; culturing for 20 days, wherein axillary buds of the micro-stem segments germinate, and the morphological lower ends of the micro-stem segments expand and are accompanied with the formation of root primordia; culturing for 35 days, wherein the morphological lower end of the axillary bud of the micro-stem section generates a thick milky adventitious root, each explant generates 4-8 adventitious roots on average, and the average length of the adventitious roots is 1.0-3.0 cm; culturing 42 percent, wherein the induction rate of the micro-stem adventitious root of the hibiscus hamabo reaches 86.5 percent, and the seedling rate reaches 86.5 percent; research shows that the induction time of the adventitious root of the stem segment of the hibiscus hamabo in 9-11 months is prolonged, and the induction rate of the adventitious root is reduced, and the reason is presumed to be that the regeneration capability is reduced due to the serious lignification degree.
Example 4
The embodiment tests the influence of different nutrient supplementary solutions on the induction of the adventitious roots of the micro stem segments of the hibiscus hamabo, and comprises the following steps:
(1) taking materials
Selecting wild perennial healthy branches of Hibiscus hamabo with excellent agronomic characters (one or more characters of high yield, long flowering phase and strong stress resistance) as explant sources in the last 8 th month, and cutting the branches into micro-stem sections with 1 axillary bud and 1 leaf, wherein the micro-stem sections are 1.0cm long;
(2) pretreatment of explants
Washing the micro stem segments of the hibiscus hamabo in the step (1) for 15min by running water, carrying out surface disinfection by 3.0 per mill (w/v) of potassium permanganate disinfection solution, and drying the surface residual disinfectant in the shade after 8min of disinfection for later use;
(3) induction treatment of adventitious roots of explants
Placing the morphological lower end of the sterilized hibiscus hamabo micro-stem segment in the step (2) in rooting promoting liquid containing 2000mg/L indolebutyric acid for 35s, and performing adventitious root induction treatment;
(4) permanent planting of explants
Inserting the morphological lower end cut of the hibiscus hamabo micro stem section treated by the rooting promoting solution in the step (3) into a sand table which is poured with a nutrient supplementing solution and has the grain diameter of 0.4mm, wherein the inserting length is 0.6cm on the basis of no overlapping; wherein the nutrient fluid infusion is different types of plant basic culture fluids without organic elements;
(5) management of explant plantlet formation
Covering the micro-stem segments of the hibiscus hamabo planted in the step (4) with a plastic film, and performing adventitious root induction and seedling culture in a greenhouse with the temperature of 28 ℃ and the relative humidity of 83%; and after 40 days, counting the rooting condition of the micro stem segments.
The research result shows that: as shown in Table 1, different culture medium types have important influence on the in vitro regeneration of hibiscus hamabo micro-stem segments, wherein the induction rate of adventitious roots and the growth vigor of later-stage seedlings are optimal with DKW culture medium containing no organic elements, and the MS culture medium containing no organic elements is the worst. Therefore, the DKW culture solution without organic elements is the best nutrient supplement solution for in vitro regeneration of the micro-stem segment of the hibiscus hamabo.
TABLE 1 Effect of culture fluid type on in vitro regeneration of micro-stem of Hibiscus hamabo
Note: data are mean values, each treatment contained 140 explants, and each treatment was repeated three times.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for rapidly breeding hibiscus hamabo seedlings is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) taking materials
Selecting a wild perennial healthy branch of Hibiscus hamabo with excellent agronomic characters as an explant source, and cutting the branch into a micro stem segment with proper length and 1 axillary bud and 1 leaf for later use;
(2) pretreatment of explants
Washing the micro stem segments of the hibiscus hamabo in the step (1) with running water, performing surface disinfection by using a potassium permanganate solution, and drying the disinfected micro stem segments in the shade to leave a disinfectant solution on the surface for later use;
(3) induction treatment of adventitious roots of explants
Placing the morphological lower end of the hibiscus hamabo micro-stem section subjected to the disinfection treatment in the step (2) in a rooting promoting liquid containing 1000-3000mg/L indolebutyric acid for adventitious root induction treatment;
(4) permanent planting of explants
Inserting the morphological lower end cut of the hibiscus hamabo micro stem section treated by the rooting promoting solution in the step (3) into a sand table which is poured with a nutrient supplementing solution and has the grain diameter of 0.3-0.5mm, wherein the morphological lower end cut is subject to non-overlapping;
(5) management of explant plantlet formation
Covering the micro-stem segments of the hibiscus hamabo planted in the step (4) with a plastic film, and performing adventitious root induction and seedling culture in a greenhouse;
the proper length in the step (1) is 0.5-2.0 cm;
in the step (4), the morphological lower end cut of the hibiscus hamabo micro stem section treated by the rooting promoting liquid is inserted into a sand table poured with the nutrient supplementing liquid, and the insertion length is 0.3-1.0 cm.
2. The method for rapidly breeding young hibiscus hamabo as claimed in claim 1, wherein the excellent agronomic characters in the step (1) refer to characters with one or more of high yield, long flowering phase and strong stress resistance.
3. The method for rapid propagation of young hibiscus hamabo as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hibiscus hamabo micro stem segments in step (2) are washed under running water for 10-20 min.
4. The method for rapidly breeding young hibiscus hamabo as claimed in claim 1, wherein the potassium permanganate solution in step (2) is 1.0-5.0 ‰ (w/v) potassium permanganate disinfectant solution.
5. The method for rapidly breeding young hibiscus hamabo as claimed in claim 4, wherein the 1.0-5.0 ‰ (w/v) potassium permanganate disinfectant solution is used by the following method: and (3) placing the sample to be disinfected in 1.0-5.0 per mill (w/v) potassium permanganate disinfection solution for disinfection for 5-10 min.
6. The method for rapidly propagating young hibiscus hamabo as claimed in claim 1, wherein the morphological lower end of the sterilized hibiscus hamabo micro-stem segment in the step (3) is treated in a rooting promoting solution for 10-60 s.
7. The method for rapidly breeding young hibiscus hamabo as claimed in claim 1, wherein the greenhouse in step (5) is a greenhouse with a temperature of 25-30 ℃ and a relative humidity of 80-85%.
8. The method for rapid propagation of young hibiscus hamabo as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the nutrient supplement is a DKW basic culture solution without organic elements.
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| CN102318557A (en) * | 2011-08-11 | 2012-01-18 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Twig cutting propagation method for improved cold resistant variety of Hibiscus hamabo Sieb.et Zucc. |
| CN104396529A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-11 | 安顺市西秀区春实绿化苗木有限公司 | Cottage reproduction method for shrub althea flower |
| CN105724215A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-07-06 | 杭州天景水生植物园有限公司 | Rose red hibiscus cutting propagation technique |
| CN105724170A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2016-07-06 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Hibiscus hamabo container nursery technique |
| CN106211972A (en) * | 2016-07-24 | 2016-12-14 | 李先强 | A kind of Technique on Cuttage Propagation of fruit mulberry |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102318557A (en) * | 2011-08-11 | 2012-01-18 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Twig cutting propagation method for improved cold resistant variety of Hibiscus hamabo Sieb.et Zucc. |
| CN104396529A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-11 | 安顺市西秀区春实绿化苗木有限公司 | Cottage reproduction method for shrub althea flower |
| CN105724215A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-07-06 | 杭州天景水生植物园有限公司 | Rose red hibiscus cutting propagation technique |
| CN105724170A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2016-07-06 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Hibiscus hamabo container nursery technique |
| CN106211972A (en) * | 2016-07-24 | 2016-12-14 | 李先强 | A kind of Technique on Cuttage Propagation of fruit mulberry |
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