CN106904976A - 燃烧合成法制备氮化铝/氮化硼复合陶瓷的方法 - Google Patents

燃烧合成法制备氮化铝/氮化硼复合陶瓷的方法 Download PDF

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CN106904976A
CN106904976A CN201510973487.6A CN201510973487A CN106904976A CN 106904976 A CN106904976 A CN 106904976A CN 201510973487 A CN201510973487 A CN 201510973487A CN 106904976 A CN106904976 A CN 106904976A
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王文川
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YA'AN BESTRY PERFORMANCE MATERIALS CO Ltd
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Abstract

燃烧合成法制备氮化铝/氮化硼复合陶瓷的方法,它涉及一种制备复合陶瓷的方法。本发明解决了现有制备氮化铝/氮化硼复合陶瓷的方法能耗高、生产周期长、生产效率低的问题。本发明方法如下:将干燥后的原料在混料罐中球磨得到粉末,然后将粉末压制成毛坯,再将毛坯放入高压反应器中,充入氮气、点火,发生自蔓延燃烧反应,自蔓延燃烧反应结束,即得氮化铝/氮化硼复合陶瓷。本发明方法利用原料的化学能,节约大量的能源,合成氮化铝/氮化硼复合陶瓷的反应过程只需几分钟,提高了生产效率。采用本发明方法所得氮化铝/氮化硼复合陶瓷的抗弯强度为60MPa~800MPa,断裂韧性为2MPam-1/2~9MPam-1/2。

Description

燃烧合成法制备氮化铝/氮化硼复合陶瓷的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种制备复合陶瓷的方法。
背景技术
目前热压烧结法制备氮化铝/氮化硼复合陶瓷的方法需要较长的加热及冷却时间(一般为几小时甚至几十小时),而且需要后续加工,使得这种方法的生产效率较低,并且耗能。将硼酸、尿素和氮化铝混合粉还原氮化后获得BN包裹部分AlN的复合粉末,再将复合粉末经烧结制得AlN-BN复合陶瓷材料的方法,由于在复合粉末的加工过程中引人了较多的氧杂质,从而降低了AlN-BN复合陶瓷的性能。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是为了解决现有制备氮化铝/氮化硼复合陶瓷的方法能耗高、生产周期长、生产效率低的问题,提供了一种燃烧合成法制备氮化铝/氮化硼复合陶瓷的方法。
本发明燃烧合成法制备氮化铝/氮化硼复合陶瓷的方法如下:一、将原料a及原料b分别在真空度小于10-3atm、温度为80℃~120℃条件下干燥10~20小时,然后将0~100重量份原料a和0~100重量份原料b放入混料罐中球磨20小时~25小时,得到粉末,其中原料a和原料b的重量份数均不为0份;二、将粉末压制成孔隙率为35%~45%的毛坯;三、将步骤二所得的毛坯放入高压反应器中,充入氮气至高压反应器中的压力为30MPa~200MPa,然后在毛坯上表面中心点火,发生自蔓延燃烧反应,自蔓延燃烧反应结束,即得氮化铝/氮化硼复合陶瓷;步骤一中所述原料a由TiB2、TiN、TiCN、TiC、ZrB2、ZrC、NbC、NbN、TaN及TaC中的一种或几种与铝粉组成,原料a中铝粉的重量百分比为20%~80%;步骤一中所述原料b由硅粉和钛粉混合物、钛粉及硅粉中的一种与碳化硼组成,原料b中碳化硼的摩尔百分比为50%。
本发明方法还可以在步骤一中将原料a、原料b及稀释剂分别在真空度小于10- 3atm、温度为80℃~120℃条件下干燥10小时~20小时,然后将经过干燥的原料a、原料b和稀释剂放入混料罐球磨20小时~25小时,得到混合粉末;步骤一中原料a的重量份数为0~100份,原料b重量份数为0~100份,稀释剂重量份数为0~70份,原料a、原料b及稀释剂重量份数均不为0份;步骤一中所述的稀释剂为陶瓷类稀释剂或金属类稀释剂;所述的金属类稀释剂是Ni、W、Cr、Co、Fe、Cu、V、Pd、Ir、Rh、Re、Os、Ru、Hf及Ta中的一种或几种的组合;所述的陶瓷类稀释剂为BN、AlN、SiC、HfC、C、ZrC、TiC、B4C、Si3N4、MoSi2、Al2O3、ZrO2、CaO、MgO、SiO2、Y2O3、钛酸铝、莫莱石及TiO2中的一种或几种的组合;所述的陶瓷类稀释剂C为无定形碳、石墨、金刚石、碳纤维、碳纳米管或巴基球。
本发明制备氮化铝/氮化硼复合陶瓷的方法所利用的化学反应如下:
x(Al+yTiB2)+B4C+Si+(2+0.5x)N2=x(AlN+yTiB2)+4BN+SiC
式中通过控制x,来控制氮化铝/氮化硼复合陶瓷中氮化铝相的含量。
本发明方法利用原料的化学能,只需很小的能量点火后即可完成反应,从而节约大量的能源,并降低产品的成本,而且合成氮化铝/氮化硼复合陶瓷的反应过程只需几分钟,提高了生产效率,燃烧合成氮化铝/氮化硼复合陶瓷过程中的高温(温度可达2000℃~4000℃)有利于杂质的挥发,因而采用本发明方法得到的氮化铝/氮化硼复合陶瓷的纯度很高,性能优良。燃烧合成氮化铝/氮化硼复合陶瓷过程中所产生的高温,使二硼化钛与铝液具有良好的润湿性,一方面可强化液相烧结作用,提高氮化铝/氮化硼复合陶瓷的致密度,另一方面可提高铝的反应速率,提高氮化铝/氮化硼复合陶瓷的转化率。其他一些物质也具有与二硼化钛相似的特性,在高温下与铝液具有良好的润湿性,如TiN、TiCN、TiC、ZrB2、ZrC、NbC、NbN、TaN及TaC。采用本发明方法所得氮化铝/氮化硼复合陶瓷的抗弯强度为60MPa~800MPa,断裂韧性为2MPam-1/2~9MPam-1/2
具体实施方式
本发明技术方案不局限于以下所列举具体实施方式,还包括各具体实施方式间的任意组合。
具体实施方式一:本实施方式中燃烧合成法制备氮化铝/氮化硼复合陶瓷的方法如下:一、将原料a及原料b分别在真空度小于10-3atm、温度为80℃~120℃条件下干燥10~20小时,然后将0~100重量份原料a和0~100重量份原料b放入混料罐中球磨20小时~25小时,得到粉末,其中原料a和原料b的重量份数均不为0份;二、将粉末压制成孔隙率为35%~45%的毛坯;三、将步骤二所得的毛坯放入高压反应器中,充入氮气至高压反应器中的压力为30MPa~200MPa,然后在毛坯上表面中心点火,发生自蔓延燃烧反应,自蔓延燃烧反应结束,即得氮化铝/氮化硼复合陶瓷;步骤一中所述原料a由TiB2、TiN、TiCN、TiC、ZrB2、ZrC、NbC、NbN、TaN及TaC中的一种或几种与铝粉组成,原料a中铝粉的重量百分比为20%~80%;步骤一中所述原料b由钛粉或硅粉与碳化硼组成,原料b中碳化硼的摩尔百分比为50%。
本实施方式所得氮化铝/氮化硼复合陶瓷的抗弯强度为60MPa~400MPa,断裂韧性为2MPam-1/2~5MPam-1/2

Claims (6)

1.燃烧合成法制备氮化铝/氮化硼复合陶瓷的方法,其特征在于燃烧合成法制备氮化铝/氮化硼复合陶瓷的方法如下:一、将原料a及原料b分别在真空度小于10-3atm、温度为80℃~120℃条件下干燥10~20小时,然后将0~100重量份原料a和0~100重量份原料b放入混料罐中球磨20小时~25小时,得到粉末,其中原料a和原料b的重量份数均不为0份;二、将粉末压制成孔隙率为35%~45%的毛坯;三、将步骤二所得的毛坯放入高压反应器中,充入氮气至高压反应器中的压力为30MPa~200MPa,然后在毛坯上表面中心点火,发生自蔓延燃烧反应,自蔓延燃烧反应结束,即得氮化铝/氮化硼复合陶瓷;步骤一中所述原料a由TiB2、TiN、TiCN、TiC、ZrB2、ZrC、NbC、NbN、TaN及TaC中的一种或几种与铝粉组成,原料a中铝粉的重量百分比为20%~80%;步骤一中所述原料b由硅粉和钛粉混合物、钛粉及硅粉中的一种与碳化硼组成,原料b中碳化硼的摩尔百分比为50%。
2.权利要求1所述的燃烧合成法制备氮化铝/氮化硼复合陶瓷的方法,其特征在于步骤一中将原料a、原料b及稀释剂分别在真空度小于10-3atm、温度为80℃~120℃条件下干燥10小时~20小时,然后将经过干燥的原料a、原料b和稀释剂放入混料罐球磨20小时~25小时,得到混合粉末;步骤一中原料a的重量份数为0~100份,原料b重量份数为0~100份,稀释剂重量份数为0~70份,原料a、原料b及稀释剂重量份数均不为0份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的燃烧合成法制备氮化铝/氮化硼复合陶瓷的方法,其特征在于步骤一中所述的稀释剂为陶瓷类稀释剂或金属类稀释剂。
4.根据权利要求3所述的燃烧合成法制备氮化铝/氮化硼复合陶瓷的方法,其特征在于步骤一中所述的金属类稀释剂是Ni、W、Cr、Co、Fe、Cu、V、Pd、Ir、Rh、Re、Os、Ru、Hf及Ta中的一种或几种的组合。
5.根据权利要求3所述的燃烧合成法制备氮化铝/氮化硼复合陶瓷的方法,其特征在于步骤一中所述的陶瓷类稀释剂为BN、AlN、SiC、HfC、C、ZrC、TiC、B4C、Si3N4、MoSi2、Al2O3、ZrO2、CaO、MgO、SiO2、Y2O3、钛酸铝、莫莱石及TiO2中的一种或几种的组合。
6.根据权利要求5所述的燃烧合成法制备氮化铝/氮化硼复合陶瓷的方法,其特征在于步骤一中所述的陶瓷类稀释剂C为无定形碳、石墨、金刚石、碳纤维、碳纳米管或巴基球。
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108611514A (zh) * 2018-05-09 2018-10-02 九江学院 一种超细碳化锆颗粒-硼化锆棒晶增强铜基电极材料及其制备方法
CN108611515A (zh) * 2018-05-09 2018-10-02 台州学院 一种点焊电极用纳米粒状碳化锆-棒状硼化锆弥散强化铜基复合材料的制备方法
CN109369191A (zh) * 2019-01-02 2019-02-22 淄博市新阜康特种材料有限公司 含钇的氮化硼-氮化铝复合粉体的制备方法

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108611514A (zh) * 2018-05-09 2018-10-02 九江学院 一种超细碳化锆颗粒-硼化锆棒晶增强铜基电极材料及其制备方法
CN108611515A (zh) * 2018-05-09 2018-10-02 台州学院 一种点焊电极用纳米粒状碳化锆-棒状硼化锆弥散强化铜基复合材料的制备方法
CN109369191A (zh) * 2019-01-02 2019-02-22 淄博市新阜康特种材料有限公司 含钇的氮化硼-氮化铝复合粉体的制备方法

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