CN106892735A - A kind of mushroom cultivation substrate and method for cultivating mushroom - Google Patents
A kind of mushroom cultivation substrate and method for cultivating mushroom Download PDFInfo
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- CN106892735A CN106892735A CN201510957073.4A CN201510957073A CN106892735A CN 106892735 A CN106892735 A CN 106892735A CN 201510957073 A CN201510957073 A CN 201510957073A CN 106892735 A CN106892735 A CN 106892735A
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- mushroom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Zinc-enriched selenium-enriched lentinus edodes and its cultural method, in the cultivation of common mushroom, when planting material is prepared, the aqueous solution of Na2SeO3 and ZnSO3 is with the addition of by a certain percentage, it contains selenium, zinc amount and is higher by tens to hundred times than common mushroom selenium, Zn content the selenium-rich and zinc-rich mushroom so turned out, and gives people to provide a kind of extraordinary selenium-supply zinc supplementation green health product.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultivation technique of edible mushroom, a kind of mushroom cultivation substrate and cultivating champignon are related in particular to
Method.
Background technology
Selenium and zinc are the necessary trace elements of human body.There are more than 40 national soil selenium deficiency and zinc in the world.I
State-owned 72% area belongs to selenium deficiency zinc-deficiency area, certainly will cause the generation of a large amount of low low zinc plants of selenium, causes
The pernicious low zinc level food chain of low selenium, causes the low zinc impregnation of low selenium of people and animals' food source, has a strong impact on humans and animals
Health.The research of recent domestic finds that some edible mushrooms have stronger selenium-rich and zinc-rich ability.With perfume (or spice)
Mushroom is carrier, and inorganic selenium and inorganic zinc are converted into Organic Selenium and organic zinc, makes and the mankind are more managed
The selenium-rich and zinc-rich health products thought.Mushroom has special fragrance and medical value very high, is to divide to recognize both at home and abroad
Green health care food, single Se-rich xianggu and single zinc-rich mushroom succeeded in developing, but simultaneously rich
Zinc Se-rich xianggu does not occur also.
The content of the invention
Selenium-rich and zinc-rich cultivation is carried out by carrier of mushroom the present invention seeks to open one kind, by inorganic selenium and inorganic zinc
Organic Selenium and organic zinc are converted into, the selenium-rich and zinc-rich health products ideal to the mankind are made, obtain fragrant
Mushroom cultivation method.
To reach above-mentioned purpose this invention takes following technical scheme：
Technical route：It is sorting, the dispensing inorganic selenium salt of various dose (add), spice, pack, sterilizing, cold
But, inoculation, turning, acanthopore, culture, selected scenes, scaffolding, de- bag, grand style, harvesting, processing.
A kind of mushroom cultivation substrate, it is characterised in that the proportioning of its raw material components is：
Na2SeO3
ZnSO3
Wherein, Na2SeO3Consumption be 1kg formula materials in add 40-60mg；
ZnSO3Consumption be 1kg formula materials in add 40-60mg；
The consumption of mushroom strain is determined according to the number of planting material.
Described selenium-rich and zinc-rich mushroom, it is characterised in that described weed tree sawdust length is 1-1.5cm, thickness will be fitted
Degree；Wheat bran, corn flour are fresh.
Described method for cultivating mushroom, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) culture material is prepared：During Na2SeO3, ZnSO3 dissolved in into water by formula rate, first with Mai Pi and mistake
Calcium phosphate is stirred, then is mixed thoroughly with wood chip, and water content is 55%-60%；
(2) pack：It is elastic suitable to be required when packed；
(3) sterilize：Charge bar after pack must enter pot sterilizing, normal-pressure sterilization, as early as possible by pot temperature in six hours
100 DEG C are risen to, and is kept for 10-12 hours；
(4) it is inoculated with：After sterilizing terminates, take the dish out of the pot while hot, when charge bar temperature is reduced to below 30 degree, start to connect
Kind, after mushroom strain is aseptically divided into sizeable bacterium block by inoculation, then rapid inoculation；
(5) stack：Postvaccinal bacterium cylinder directly stacks ground, and every layer puts four, and " # " font is staggered into length and breadth；
(6) ventilation：Frequent ventilation is wanted in the place for stacking bacterium cylinder, and interior will dry, clean, air phase
More than 70% is kept to humidity, indoor light should not be too strong, and bacteria developing period illumination is more dark better；
(7) acanthopore：At twice, 15 days or so after inoculation for the first time, inoculation mycelia loop diameter reached 6-7 centimetres
When, with diameter 1-2 millimeters of bamboo pole, the end surrounding spread in culture bag mycelia pierces micro- shallow bore hole 4, thorn
Hole is ventilated and be conducted batch-wise after a couple of days per secondary acanthopore, 0.5-1 centimetres of hole depth, requires that indoor air temperature exists during acanthopore
Less than 28 degrees Celsius；
(8) flower bud：Manual method creates the temperature difference to urge bacterium, and daytime is mushroom wood film close over raising mushroom
Bed tempertaure raises film reduction mushroom bed tempertaure up to 20 degrees centigrades, when nocturnal temperature is minimum and can reach the temperature difference
Less than 10 degrees Celsius, operate three days repeatedly, form mushroom flower bud, it is ensured that mushroom wood moisture is 40% or so.
The present invention cultivates Zinc-enriched selenium-enriched lentinus edodes has material feeding fast, and mycelia is sturdy strong, good luster, resistance
By force, flower bud morning, mushroom meat tenderness are shown, thick flavor, change of tide is fast, yield is high, wide adaptability；The content ratio of zinc and selenium
Both constituent contents improve many times in common mushroom, for the mankind provide ideal selenium-rich and zinc-rich
Health products.
Specific embodiment
First, production technology
1st, material to be tested
1.1 for examination strain, mushroom strain, quoted from mountain mushroom industry research and development Co., Ltd of Lishui of Zhejiang city.
1.2 materials：Na2seo3 hardening agents are provided by Anhui Si Da companies professional production, small to crush wood chip 1- through bavin
1.5cm, fresh wheat skin, fresh corn flour, land plaster, calcium superphosphate, ZnSO3
1.3 cultivation culture formulas：Weed tree sawdust 78%, wheat skin 16%, corn flour 40%, land plaster 1.0%,
Sucrose 0.5%, calcium superphosphate 0.5%, Na2SeO3 (various dose), ZnSO3 (various dose)
2nd, pack and sterilize：
2.1 dispensings：During Na2SeO3, ZnSO3 dissolved in into water by formula rate, first with Mai Pi and calcium superphosphate
Stir, then mixed thoroughly with wood chip；
2.2 moisture content：Add water moderate, overly moist is unfavorable to hair bacterium, along with temperature high, easily burns bacterium or mould
Become；Overdrying, has an impact to fruiting.The appropriate method of inspection of moisture content is that the material mixed, finger are pinched with two fingers
There is infiltration and be advisable without dripping, water content about 55% or so.
2.3 packs：By the pack of satisfactory dispensing, material will fill elastic suitable, and pack tension hair bacterium is slow,
Easy perverse polybag, excessively loose nutrient consumption is fast, also fugitive cylinder influence yield.Pack is careful behaviour with sack is pricked
Make, prevent miscellaneous bacteria from infecting.
2.4 sterilizings：Charge bar after pack must enter pot sterilizing in six hours, otherwise easily acidifying, and normal pressure goes out
Bacterium, should rise to 100 degree, and kept for 10-12 hours by pot temperature as early as possible.
3rd, it is inoculated with：After sterilizing terminates, take the dish out of the pot while hot, when charge bar temperature is reduced to below 30 degree, start to connect
Kind, it is rapid during inoculation, shorten inoculation time, connect bacterium rod high into bag rate.
4th, manage：
4.1 postvaccinal bacterium rods, frequent ventilation, and night opens the door and opens a window, and accelerates air circulation, in vain
My god, particularly noon, must close the doors and windows and avoid hot-air from entering.Interior will dry, clean, air
Relative humidity keeps more than 70%, and indoor light should not be too strong, and high light stimulates bacterium to develop, and easily forms brown
Warty mycoderm, consumes a large amount of nutrients, therefore bacteria developing period illumination is more dark better.
4.2 stack：Bacterium cylinder directly stacks ground culture, and every layer puts four, " # " font is staggered into length and breadth, with profit
Radiating, ventilation.
4.3 acanthopores：15 days or so after inoculation, inoculation ferfas silk, run wild, mycelia loop diameter reach 6-7 lis
Rice, at this moment mycelium increases, and oxygen demand is big, should strengthen ventilation, if mycelia anoxic, expiratory dyspnea can shadow
Mycelial growth is rung, therefore, it is necessary to the useful method led to, is input into appropriate oxygen, that is, we are accustomed to
Described acanthopore.Concrete operation method is：With diameter 1-2 millimeters of bamboo pole, spread in culture bag mycelia
Mycelia spreads rapidly after end surrounding pierces micro- shallow bore hole 4, puncture.There is mycelial growth again in a couple of days after ventilation
Slow phenomenon, can be carried out per secondary acanthopore, deep 0.5-1 centimetres.Mycelia can so be accelerated and be covered with full bag, but thorn
To be conducted batch-wise during hole, to prevent bacterium rod from radiating, it is too high that the temperature rises.Require indoor air temperature 28 during acanthopore
Below degree Celsius, otherwise easily cause burning bacterium.
5th, management of producing mushroom
The mushroom wood of 5.1 maturations wants artificial creation's temperature difference to urge bacterium, and natural temperature differential is big during low temperature season fine day, temperature energy
Up to 18 degrees Celsius, now mushroom wood film close over mushroom bed tempertaure up to 20 degrees Celsius can be improved.
Film is raised when nocturnal temperature is minimum, so that it may reach below 10 degrees Celsius of the temperature difference, three are typically operated repeatedly
My god, you can mushroom flower bud is formed, the number of days of film covering will be determined according to the temperature of mushroom flower bud growth.
When 5.2 mushrooms wood moisture content drops to less than 40%, soak water filling.
2nd, result and analysis
1.1 apply influence of the selenium to mycelial growth and sporophore growth cycle from table.Apply in culture medium different
The selenium solution of concentration.Influence to mycelial growth is different.Selenium, zinc concentration are applied less than 80mg/kg
When, mycelium length is fast, and the hair bacterium time is short, and mycelia is dense white sturdy, and fruiting time is short, and regularity has also been carried
It is high；When applying selenium, zinc concentration 60mg/kg, mycelium growth vigor is best.
When this explanation selenium, zinc concentration are low, there is promotion to use to mycelia, selenium, zinc concentration are too high inhibitory action.
The influence that 2.1 pasania fungus selenium-rich zinc-rich are cultivated to sub- physical yield applies certain dense in conventional medium
Degree selenium solution and zinc solution, there is certain influence on fruiting body yield.During low concentration, mushroom production can be improved
1.7%-8.7%, can make yield decline 3.9%-6.9% during high concentration.
The selenium-rich and zinc-rich effect of 2.2 mushrooms：From table 2, selenium, zinc solution are added in increasing culture medium and are made
Culture into various concentrations, selenium, the Zn content that can improve fructification.And in culture medium selenium, zinc concentration with
, into positive correlation, the Se content in selenium-rich and zinc-rich mushroom is 30.14mg/kg- for selenium, Zn content in fructification
123.41mg/kg improves 81-313 times than common mushroom Se content, and the Zn content in selenium-rich and zinc-rich mushroom is
30.14mg/kg-123.41mg/kg Zn contents improve 80-333 times.
The Analysis on Nutritious Ingredient of Fattening of 2.4 selenium-rich and zinc-rich mushrooms：
The nutritional ingredient of selenium-rich and zinc-rich mushroom applies selenium-rich, zinc-rich makes moisture in mushroom fruiting body, and smart fiber content is bright
Aobvious to reduce, fat makes mushroom changes of contents unobvious, and crude protein, carbohydrate content are improved, low selenium,
Constituent reduction during zinc concentration, composition is improved when selenium high, zinc concentration.
3rd, conclusion
1st, with mushroom as carrier, apply in the medium selenium, apply zinc carry out inorganic selenium, inorganic zinc conversion, improve
The content of selenium and zinc in fructification.Selenium is applied in the medium and applies content and selenium addition that zinc obtains fructification
Measure into positive correlation.Cultivated by selenium-rich and zinc-rich and found, selenium, zinc concentration can suitably promote mycelial growth, improved
Fruiting body yield and improving quality.After inorganic selenium, inorganic zinc enter mycelium, through be biologically converted into Organic Selenium and
Organic zinc, promotes amino acid and protein synthesis.
If the 2, with the selenium of March WHO/FAO/IAIE determinations, every MDR of zinc in 1996 and fitting
Suitable requirement is standard, daily edible selenium-rich and zinc-rich fresh mushroom 80-100g, and Se content should be controlled in 3mg/kg
Left and right is advisable, and Zn content should control to be advisable in 9mg/kg or so can supply requirement, if tight in selenium deficiency, zinc
Important place area, the content of selenium, zinc in can properly increasing fructification as selenium-supply, zinc supplementation using selenium-rich and zinc-rich mushroom,
General selenium control is advisable in 4-7mg/kg, and Zn content should control to be advisable in 12-21mg/kg or so, can mend
Sufficient requirement.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of mushroom cultivation substrate, it is characterised in that the proportioning of its raw material components is：
Na2SeO3
ZnSO3
Wherein, Na2SeO3Consumption be 1kg formula materials in add 40-60mg；
ZnSO3Consumption be 1kg formula materials in add 40-60mg；
Described weed tree sawdust length is 1-1.5cm；Wheat bran, corn flour are fresh.
2. mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Weed tree sawdust 78%
Na2SeO3
ZnSO3
Wherein, Na2SeO3Consumption be 1kg formula materials in add 50mg；
ZnSO3Consumption be 1kg formula materials in add 50mg.
3. a kind of method for cultivating mushroom, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) culture material is prepared：By formula rate by Na2SeO3、ZnSO3In dissolving in water, first with Mai Pi and mistake phosphorus
Sour calcium is stirred, then is mixed thoroughly with wood chip, and water content is 55%-60%；
(2) pack：It is elastic suitable to be required when packed；
(3) sterilize：Charge bar after pack must enter pot sterilizing, normal-pressure sterilization, as early as possible by pot temperature in six hours
Degree rises to 100 DEG C, and is kept for 10-12 hours；
(4) it is inoculated with：After sterilizing terminates, take the dish out of the pot while hot, when charge bar temperature is reduced to below 30 degree, start to connect
Kind, after mushroom strain is aseptically divided into sizeable bacterium block by inoculation, then rapid inoculation；
(5) stack：Postvaccinal bacterium cylinder directly stacks ground, and every layer puts four, and " # " font is staggered into length and breadth；
(6) ventilation：Frequent ventilation is wanted in the place for stacking bacterium cylinder, and interior will dry, clean, air
Relative humidity keeps more than 70%, and indoor light should not be too strong, and bacteria developing period illumination is more dark better；
(7) acanthopore：At twice, 15 days or so after inoculation for the first time, inoculation mycelia loop diameter reached 6-7 centimetres
When, with diameter 1-2 millimeters of bamboo pole, the end surrounding spread in culture bag mycelia pierces micro- shallow bore hole 4, thorn
Hole is ventilated and be conducted batch-wise after a couple of days per secondary acanthopore, 0.5-1 centimetres of hole depth, requires that indoor air temperature exists during acanthopore
Less than 28 degrees Celsius；
(8) flower bud：Manual method creates the temperature difference to urge bacterium, and daytime is mushroom wood film close over raising mushroom
Bed tempertaure raises film reduction mushroom bed tempertaure up to 20 degrees centigrades, when nocturnal temperature is minimum and can reach the temperature difference
Less than 10 degrees Celsius, operate three days repeatedly, form mushroom flower bud, it is ensured that mushroom wood moisture is 40% or so.
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| CN201510957073.4A CN106892735A (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2015-12-18 | A kind of mushroom cultivation substrate and method for cultivating mushroom |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107980479A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-05-04 | 罗成喜 | A kind of mushroom cultivating method |
| CN108834757A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-11-20 | 重庆市映山红食用菌有限公司 | A kind of mushroom cultivating method |
| CN108834765A (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2018-11-20 | 昆山市正兴食用菌有限公司 | A kind of pleurotus eryngii quel strains manufacture craft for using li bamboo cane as carrier |
| CN109804858A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-05-28 | 丽水市林业科学研究院 | A kind of method of bamboo wood matrix and its mushroom culture |
-
2015
- 2015-12-18 CN CN201510957073.4A patent/CN106892735A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107980479A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-05-04 | 罗成喜 | A kind of mushroom cultivating method |
| CN108834765A (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2018-11-20 | 昆山市正兴食用菌有限公司 | A kind of pleurotus eryngii quel strains manufacture craft for using li bamboo cane as carrier |
| CN108834757A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-11-20 | 重庆市映山红食用菌有限公司 | A kind of mushroom cultivating method |
| CN109804858A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-05-28 | 丽水市林业科学研究院 | A kind of method of bamboo wood matrix and its mushroom culture |
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Application publication date: 20170627 |
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