CN106890100A - 用于预防脱发和促进毛发生长的局部施用的组合物 - Google Patents
用于预防脱发和促进毛发生长的局部施用的组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106890100A CN106890100A CN201710110820.XA CN201710110820A CN106890100A CN 106890100 A CN106890100 A CN 106890100A CN 201710110820 A CN201710110820 A CN 201710110820A CN 106890100 A CN106890100 A CN 106890100A
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- hair
- hair loss
- minoxidil
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Abstract
本发明涉及用于预防脱发和促进毛发生长的局部施用的组合物,所述组合物具有5α‑还原酶抑制剂和米诺地尔。本发明的用于预防脱发和促进毛发生长的局部施用的组合物,在使用比单独或一起使用口服5α‑还原酶抑制剂和米诺地尔的常规组合物小得多的剂量时,提供相同或更好的预防脱发和促进毛发生长的效果。
Description
本申请是2012年4月25日提交的发明名称为“用于预防脱发和促进毛发生长的局部施用的组合物”的中国专利申请201280028162.5的分案申请。
【技术领域】
本发明涉及用于预防脱发和促进毛发生长的局部施用的组合物,所述组合物包含5α-还原酶抑制剂和米诺地尔。
【背景技术】
根据迄今为止进行的研究,已经发现脱发的原因包括内分泌系统紊乱(诸如激素失调等),由诸如自主神经系统障碍、血液循环障碍等的循环系统障碍引起的过量皮脂形成,发根营养缺乏,过敏,细菌感染,遗传因素,心理应激,环境因素(诸如大气污染或食物)以及老龄化等。在过去,脱发只发生在中年人和老年人中,但最近,脱发也经常发生在年龄20-30岁的年轻人和妇女中。
作为毛发生长促进剂或脱发预防剂销售的产品的对毛发的作用包括生长期诱导作用、毛发生长期延长作用、5α-还原酶抑制作用、促进血液循环的作用、抗菌作用、去屑作用、保湿作用、抗氧化作用等,但常规药剂预防脱发和促进毛发生长的作用不够充分。
男性型脱发取决于雄性激素,因此直接与雄性激素的量相关。因此,最近报道了大量旨在通过抑制雄性激素的活性来预防和治疗脱发的研究。下面简要介绍与雄性激素有关的脱发的机理。即,睾酮(雄性激素的一种)通过5α-还原酶转化成双氢睾酮,其为一种活性雄性激素,并且所述活性雄性激素结合至特异性受体以产生引起脱发的蛋白质,从而导致脱发。此外,该机理产生过多的皮脂,其导致痤疮或脂溢性皮炎,最终导致伴有头皮炎症的脱发。因此,男性型脱发的原因是通过5α-还原酶的作用合成了过多双氢睾酮,因此通过抑制5α-还原酶活性有可能从根本上和有效地预防和治疗男性型脱发。
目前,最常用的用于治疗脱发的药物包括:包含2,4-二氨基-6-哌啶子基嘧啶-3-氧化物的局部制剂(也被称为“米诺地尔”制剂,参见美国专利4139619和4596812),其已获FDA核准;和包含非那雄胺(II型5α-还原酶的特异性抑制剂)的口服制剂。
米诺地尔是以降低高血压患者的血压为目的而研发的,但是自从它由于使用过程中发生的毛发生长副作用而改变用途以来,其最广泛的应用是作为毛发生长药物。美国食品药品管理局(FDA)于1979年核准了米诺地尔用作脱发治疗剂,米诺地尔作用机理尚未明确。但是,一种假说解释了米诺地尔的作用机理,即米诺地尔增加流向毛囊的血流,从而引起血流量上升,由此促进毛发生长,和一种假说即米诺地尔直接作用于滤泡上皮以诱导毛发生长。然而,含有米诺地尔的生发剂每天要使用数次以保持毛发生长作用效果,这非常繁琐且容易忘记。因此,在许多情况下,由于施用不规律和任意中止治疗,没有获得充分的毛发生长效果。
此外,基于非那雄胺对雄性激素的作用机理,有一种通过非那雄胺对5α-还原酶的拮抗作用来防止头发变稀并使头发变厚的方法。作为代表的有保法止,其由默克制药公司研发,因其效力和安全性由美国食品和药品管理局(FDA)于1997年12月核准作为脱发治疗药物,并于1998年发布市售。非那雄胺是抑制将睾酮(雄性激素的一种)转化为导致脱发的双氢睾酮(DHT)的5α-还原酶的药物。给药该药物抑制双氢睾酮的产生,因此非那雄胺使秃发区域的毛发长得又浓又长。研发时对1879名男性进行临床试验的结果显示,持续治疗两年的参与者中仅17%没有表现出脱发,而83%的参与者在治疗后保持或增加了头发的数量。但是,获得预防脱发的效果需要几个月的时间。此外,在女性的情况下,有导致胚胎先天性畸形的高风险,而在男性的情况下,恐怕会出现诸如性欲减退、阳痿、射精障碍等副作用。另外,为了维持预防脱发的效果而终身服药带来的压力导致其在实际临床应用中受到严重限制。
同时,美国食品和药品管理局(FDA)最近修订了其核准,该核准是关于用于治疗男性型脱发症的含1mg非那雄胺的药物可能的性方面的副作用的持续时间,即使是在停用后,并建议医疗专业人员与患者引起关注。作为对FDA不良事件报告系统(AERS)和上市产品安全数据库中报道的上市后案例进行回顾的结果,发现一些性功能相关的不良反应(诸如性欲减退、射精障碍、性高潮障碍等)即使在停用后也持续出现。此外,发现含有问题成分的药物与所述性方面的副作用之间的因果关系并未明确建立。
【发明内容】
【技术问题】
本发明是为了解决现有技术的上述问题而做出的,且本发明的目的是提供用于预防头发脱落和促进毛发生长的局部施用的组合物,其具有以下优点:
(1)它提供了等于或高于常规治疗剂的预防脱发和促进毛发生长的效果,尽管所使用的5α-还原酶抑制剂的量少于所述常规治疗剂的四分之一;
(2)几乎没有所述常规治疗剂的副作用;
(3)由于起效快,从治疗开始就有可能有效预防脱发;和
(4)不同于提供约70%有效性的常规处方,它对脱发患者几乎100%有效。
【技术方案】
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供了用于预防脱发和促进毛发生长的局部施用的组合物,所述组合物包含5α-还原酶抑制剂和米诺地尔或其药学上可接受的盐。
更具体地,本发明提供了用于预防脱发和促进毛发生长的局部施用的组合物,所述组合物包含:非那雄胺、度他雄胺或它们的药学上可接受的盐;和米诺地尔或其药学上可接受的盐。
【有益效果】
本发明的用于预防脱发和促进毛发生长的局部施用的组合物提供了等于或高于常规治疗剂的预防脱发和促进毛发生长的效果,即使所使用的5α-还原酶抑制剂的量比常规的口服的5α-还原酶抑制剂的量要少得多(少于四分之一)。
此外,它使用小量的药物并且为用于局部施用的剂型,因此其几乎没有诸如性欲减退、阳痿、射精障碍等的副作用。另外,由于比单独或共同使用常规的口服的5α-还原酶和米诺地尔起效快,它可以从治疗开始时就有效地预防脱发,并能提供改善患者治疗依从性的效果。此外,不像只对约70%的脱发患者有效的常规处方,它对脱发患者几乎100%有效。
【最佳实施方式】
以下,对本发明进行详细说明。
本发明涉及用于预防脱发和促进毛发生长的局部施用的组合物,所述组合物包含5α-还原酶抑制剂和米诺地尔或其药学上可接受的盐。
在所述预防脱发和促进毛发生长的局部施用的组合物中包含的并透皮给药的5α-还原酶抑制剂的日剂量为0.8μg至0.12mg,其大约不到口服度他雄胺(0.5mg)的四分之一,口服度他雄胺是目前市售的一种5α-还原酶抑制剂(市售的口服非那雄胺的日剂量为1mg)。
更优选地,所述5α-还原酶抑制剂的日剂量为0.8μg至0.05mg,并且最优选地,所述5α-还原酶抑制剂的日剂量为0.001mg至0.025mg。
如果所述5α-还原酶抑制剂的日剂量小于0.8μg,那么起效就会不明显,然而,如果超过0.12mg,则可能发生诸如性欲减退、射精减少等的副作用。
在所述用于预防脱发和促进毛发生长的局部施用的组合物中包含的并透皮给药的米诺地尔或其药学上可接受的盐的日剂量为0.008g至0.12g。如果所述日剂量小于0.008g,则不能获得期望的效果,而如果超过0.12g,则可能发生诸如心输出量增加、左心室舒张末期容积增加等的副作用。
如果所述5α-还原酶抑制剂为非那雄胺或其药学上可接受的盐,所述日剂量可优选为0.001mg至0.12mg,更优选为0.005mg至0.05mg,并且最优选为0.005mg至0.025mg。如果非那雄胺或其药学上可接受的盐的剂量不在所述范围内,则效果不显著或可能出现副作用。
如果所述5α-还原酶抑制剂为度他雄胺或其药学上可接受的盐,所述日剂量可优选为0.8μg至0.06mg,更优选为0.0016mg至0.025mg,并且最优选为0.0016mg至0.012mg。如果度他雄胺或其药学上可接受的盐的剂量不在所述范围内,则效果不显著或可能出现副作用。
5α-还原酶抑制剂有诸如性欲减退、阳痿、射精障碍等的副作用,并且FDA最近修订了关于这些副作用(即使在停用后)的核准,并建议医疗专业人员与患者引起关注。
因此,需要减少5α-还原酶抑制剂的剂量,以减少这些副作用。因此,已积极地进行了大量旨在让5α-还原酶抑制剂通过口服给药到达精确靶标的研究。同时,还做出了透皮给药5α-还原酶抑制剂非那雄胺的尝试,但没有取得显著效果。
将本发明的局部施用的组合物(其中所述5α-还原酶抑制剂和米诺地尔溶解在溶剂中)透皮施用到靶标使得通过协同效应将所述5α-还原酶抑制剂非常有效的传递到所述靶标,因此(1)对脱发患者几乎100%有效和(2)提供非常快速和优异的效果,即使所使用的5α-还原酶抑制剂的量小于常规处方的量的四分之一。
我们认为,上述的显著效果是通过由米诺地尔的血管舒张作用显著提高的所述5α-还原酶抑制剂的透皮递送效率而得到的。
5α-还原酶(还原的烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸:Δ4-3-甾酮5α-氧化还原酶)以I型和II型同工酶的形式存在并且促进睾酮还原转化为5α-双氢睾酮。睾酮起到确定男性内生殖器的形态的作用,而双氢睾酮是形成外生殖器所必需的。
I型5α-还原酶主要分布在皮脂腺周围,II型5α-还原酶见于在对毛囊生长至关重要的真皮乳头层和毛囊的外根鞘中。通过5α-还原酶产生的双氢睾酮(DHT)结合毛囊细胞的受体,并且DHT-受体复合物进入细胞核中,使得DNA诱导影响毛囊细胞增殖和分化的各种调节蛋白的合成。这些通过DHT形成的各种调节蛋白促进毛发基质细胞的增殖,以加速生长期(生长阶段1-生长阶段5),从而相对缩短毛囊细胞的分化期(生长阶段6-退化阶段),由此增加脱发并且抑制毛发的生长。
优选的是,所述5α-还原酶抑制剂为非那雄胺、度他雄胺或它们的药学上可接受的盐。
非那雄胺仅抑制5α-还原酶的I型同工酶(其是将睾酮转化为双氢睾酮(DHT)的酶),度他雄胺抑制5α-还原酶的I型和II型同工酶以有力保持睾酮,由此抑制脱发。
非那雄胺的结构是由下式1表示。
[式1]
度他雄胺的结构是由下式2表示。
[式2]
米诺地尔(亲脂性成分)是被FDA核准的作为女性型脱发的生发剂和治疗剂的唯一局部制剂,其具有优异的渗透入发根的能力并且通过改善头皮毛囊周围的血流起到提供对毛发生长有益的营养成分的作用。
米诺地尔的结构是由下式3表示。
[式3]
可以制备用于预防脱发和促进毛发生长的局部施用的组合物,所述组合物含有量为0.1mg至5mg、更优选为0.1mg至2mg的非那雄胺或其药学上可接受的盐,以100ml所述局部施用的组合物计。此外,也可以制备这样的组合物,所述组合物含有量为0.5g至5g的米诺地尔或药学上可接受的盐,以100ml所述局部施用的组合物计。
此外,可以制备用于预防脱发和促进毛发生长的局部施用的组合物,所述组合物含有量为0.05mg至2.5mg、优选为0.1mg至1.0mg的度他雄胺或其药学上可接受的盐,以100ml所述局部施用的组合物计。此外,也可以这备这样的组合物,所述组合物含有量为0.5g至5g的米诺地尔,以100ml所述局部施用的组合物计。
优选的是,将以上述方式制备的局部施用的组合物以100毫升的量,每日一次或两次、或每两日一次,施用45至60日。
本发明的非那雄胺、度他雄胺和米诺地尔可以药学上可接受的盐的形式使用,与药学上可接受的游离酸形成的酸加成盐可用作这样的盐。酸加成盐得自:无机酸,诸如盐酸、硝酸、磷酸、硫酸、氢溴酸、氢碘酸、亚硝酸或亚磷酸;和无毒的有机酸,诸如脂肪族单羧酸和二羧酸、苯基取代的链烷酸、羟基链烷酸和链烷二酸、芳香酸、脂肪族和芳香族磺酸。这类药学上无毒性的盐包括硫酸盐、焦硫酸盐、硫酸氢盐、亚硫酸盐、亚硫酸氢盐、硝酸盐、磷酸盐、磷酸氢盐、磷酸二氢盐、偏磷酸盐、焦磷酸盐、氯化物、溴化物、碘化物、氟化物、乙酸盐、丙酸盐、癸酸盐、辛酸盐、丙烯酸盐、甲酸盐、异丁酸盐、癸酸盐、庚酸盐、丙炔酸盐、草酸盐、丙二酸盐、琥珀酸盐、辛二酸盐、癸二酸盐、富马酸盐、马来酸盐、丁炔-1,4-二酸盐、己烷-1,6-二酸盐、苯甲酸盐、氯苯甲酸盐、甲基苯甲酸盐、二硝基苯甲酸盐、羟基苯甲酸盐、甲氧基苯甲酸盐、邻苯二甲酸盐、对苯二甲酸盐、苯磺酸盐、甲苯磺酸盐、氯苯磺酸盐、二甲苯磺酸盐、苯乙酸盐、苯丙酸盐、苯基丁酸盐、柠檬酸盐、乳酸盐、β-羟基丁酸盐、羟乙酸盐、苹果酸盐、酒石酸盐、甲磺酸盐、丙磺酸盐、萘-1-磺酸盐、萘-2-磺酸盐或扁桃酸盐,但并不限于此。
女性用的所述防止脱发和促进毛发生长的局部施用的组合物还可包含雌二醇,优选阿法雌二醇(alfatradiol)(17α-雌二醇)。
所述α-雌二醇(雌激素衍生物)可以防止睾酮被转化成双氢睾酮,并促进毛囊细胞增殖。具体地说,所述α-雌二醇可有效地用于治疗女性型脱发患者。
在本领域中常用的任何溶剂都可以用作所述预防脱发和促进毛发生长的局部施用的组合物的溶剂,并且所述溶剂可以包含选自以下的至少一种:水;具有1至4个碳原子的低级一元醇,包括甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇和丁醇;多元醇,包括乙二醇、丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇;甘油;以及它们的混合物。
特别地,优选的是,为了有效递送药物,所述溶剂包含具有1至4个碳原子的低级一元醇、多元醇和水。
在上文中,所述具有1至4个碳原子的低级一元醇可优选地包括但不限于乙醇,并且所述多元醇可优选地包括但不限于丙二醇。
当所述溶剂包含具有1至4个碳原子的低级一元醇、多元醇和水时,以所述溶剂的总体积计,优选包含10-60体积%的具有1至4个碳原子的低级一元醇,3-20体积%的多元醇,并且其余为水,更优选包含30-50体积%的具有1至4个碳原子的低级一元醇,5-15体积%的多元醇,并且其余是水。
当所述溶剂具有上述组成比时,透皮药物递送的效率显著增加。
本发明的用于预防脱发和促进毛发生长的局部施用的组合物可以制备成可以施用在头皮上的任何剂型,诸如液体或凝胶形式。然而,所述组合物可优选制备成选自以下的剂型:生发油(hair tonic)、头皮护理剂(scalp treatment)、洗发膏(hair cream)、一般软膏(general ointment)、化妆水、散剂(powder)、精华(essence)、湿布(pack)、染发剂、洗发水、护发素、洗液(lotion)、凝胶、贴剂和喷雾剂形式,更优选喷雾剂形式或凝胶形式。
如果所使用的诸如非那雄胺、度他雄胺和米诺地尔的成分的量增加,那么全身吸收增加,因此发生副作用的可能性可能增加。在本发明中使用的非那雄胺、度他雄胺或米诺地尔的量远小于常规的毛发生长促进剂的量,并且本发明可以通过选择性给药经由局部吸收将副作用最小化并且提供预防脱发和促进毛发生长的优异效果。
此外,虽然常规的口服给药形式由于不规律给药而治疗失败率高,但是以喷雾剂形式施用本发明的组合物的方法促进了以下效果:降低副作用的风险、增加头发的厚度并且在短期时间内减少脱发,并且容易便于施用,这继而提高患者的依从性,从而增加了治疗的成功率。
包含非那雄胺和米诺地尔的用于预防脱发和促进毛发生长的局部施用的组合物主要用于男性,而包含低浓度的非那雄胺和米诺地尔的局部施用的组合物也可用于非育龄妇女。
包含度他雄胺和米诺地尔的用于防止脱发和促进毛发生长的局部施用的组合物可用于男性或非育龄妇女。
此外,在不损害本发明的目的和效果的范围内,所述局部施用的组合物可进一步包含本领域常用的赋形剂,优选选自pH调节剂、增溶剂以及它们的组合的药学上可接受的赋形剂。
所述pH调节剂可选自柠檬酸、苹果酸、乳酸、磷酸、盐酸、硫酸以及它们的组合,但并不限于此。
所述增溶剂可选自二乙二醇单乙醚、苄醇、甘油、辛苯昔醇、丙二醇、碳酸丙烯酯、聚乙二醇,以及它们的混合物,但并不限于此。
【具体实施方式】
以下参照实施例和试验例更详细地描述本发明。然而,应该理解的是,所提供的以下实施例和试验例仅用于更详细地说明本发明,并且本发明的范围并不限于以下实施例和试验例。
实施例1-6:用于预防脱发和促进毛发生长的局部施用的组合物的制备
以4:1:5的体积比混合乙醇、丙二醇和水后,将非那雄胺或度他雄胺和米诺地尔以如表1所示的量溶解在混合溶液中,从而在实施例1-6中制备各100ml用于预防脱发和促进毛发生长的局部施用的组合物。
[表1]
注:在本发明中的%浓度表示w/v%浓度。
比较例1-3
在比较例1-3中,购买市售的非那雄胺口服药物、度他雄胺口服药物和米诺地尔局部制剂以制备组合物,所述组合物包含在一起的口服药物和局部药物或单独的局部制剂,使用如下表2所示的下列成分。
[表2]
成分 | 比较例1 | 比较例2 | 比较例3 |
非那雄胺口服药物 | 1mg | - | |
度他雄胺口服药物(mg) | - | 0.5 | |
米诺地尔局部制剂(%) | 5% | 5% | 5% |
试验例1:防止脱发和促进毛发生长的效果的临床试验
(1)对头发的厚度和数量的变化的评价
将各100ml的实施例1-6的局部施用组合物放置在喷雾容器中并且每日两次(早晨和晚上)喷雾到脱发患者的脱发区上,然后评价效果。将各100ml的实施例1-6的局部施用组合物使用约45至60天,并且通过如上所述的相同方法制备组合物直到结束使用。对于比较例1和2的处方,每日一次向脱发患者给药口服药物,并且每日两次将米诺地尔局部制剂施用到脱发区和预期的脱发区上,然后评价效果。对于比较例3的处方,每日两次仅将米诺地尔局部制剂施用到脱发患者的脱发区和预期的脱发区上,然后评价效果。
脱发患者是根据下表3所示的选择和排除标准进行选择的,并且当患者第一次入院就诊时,对他们的头发状况进行诊断,将脱发区进行标记并记录,并且在最严重的区域刺上黑点,以便每次可以测量同一区域。此外,使用简单的手持式毛发图像分析仪(phototrichogram)(Folliscope,Lead M Co,首尔,韩国)测定每单位面积的头发数量(头发数量/cm2)和头发的厚度(μm)。使用30倍率镜头拍摄标记区域周围的脱发区,然后计算每单位面积的终毛数量。通过使用200倍率镜头测定标记区域周围的5根头发的平均厚度,作为头发的厚度。
在给药前和给药后一定的时间内测量脱发患者头发数量的变化(头发数量/cm2)和头发厚度(μm)的变化,并且示于下表4、5和7中,然后通过T-检验(包括F-检验)评价这些数据的显著性。T-检验(包括F-检验)评价的结果示于表6和8中。
[表3]
[表4]
注:在上表中,每个没有数据的部分表示在相应的时间没有测量头发的数量或头发的厚度,并且在下表中也一样。
在表4中所示的数据确定本发明的局部施用的组合物的迅速起效。即,在表4中的数据显示,在给药本发明的局部施用的组合物2周至4周后,几乎所有的脱发患者(给药实施例的组合物的九名患者)的头发数量和头发厚度显著增加。一位患者在4周后显示头发数量减少,但是在8周后该患者的头发数量增加。
此外,表4中的数据显示,在给药本发明的局部施用的组合物6周至8周后,所有脱发患者(给予实施例1-3的组合物的13名患者)的头发数量和头发厚度显著增加。
如本领域所公知的,这些预防脱发和促进毛发生长的效果是非常显著的,考虑到在常规的处方的情况中,至少3个月后才能出现这些效果(参见比较例1的数据)。
具体而言,根据表4中的数据,相较于使用比较例1的常规处方治疗的患者,给药本发明的实施例1-3的局部施用的组合物的脱发患者显示出头发数量和头发厚度的显著增加。即,相较于使用比较例1处方治疗的脱发患者,给药本发明的局部施用的组合物的脱发患者在2周后显示毛发数目和头发厚度的更显著的增加,且效果随着时间的推移逐渐增加,导致8周后的显著差异。
本发明的上述局部施用的组合物的迅速起效表明,本发明的局部施用的组合物可以显著提高患者的治疗依从性和满意度。即,在常规处方的情况下,起效非常慢,许多患者因此而放弃治疗。然而,通过使用本发明的组合物可以显著克服这些问题。
此外,可以认为,临床试验结果表明了本发明的局部施用的组合物在单独使用期间的优异效果以及其与常规口服药物组合使用的可能。
即,在常规处方的情况下,预防脱发和促进毛发生长的效果直到使用后3个月才显现出来,因而使用者的满意度不高。这一结果降低了患者的治疗依从性,导致患者放弃治疗。然而,在本发明的局部制剂与常规口服药物组合的情况下,有赖于本发明的局部施用的组合物的特性,甚至在治疗开始时就迅速显现出预防脱发和促进毛发生长的效果。因此,患者的治疗依从性和满意度显著提高,因此放弃治疗的可能性大幅减少。
[表5]
[表6]
*如果p<0.05,则确定其有显著性。
如表5中所示,大部分情况下,相较于比较例1和3的常规处方,本发明实施例1至4的局部施用的组合物给药后13周在头发数量和头发厚度(μm)上均表现出显著增加。此外,从表6所示T检验评价结果发现除实施例2的数据之外所有头发厚度的数据均具有显著性。
临床试验的结果非常重要,因为即使非那雄胺的用量比常规处方中的量小得多,本发明实施例1至4的局部施用的组合物仍表现出更显著的预防脱发和促进毛发生长的效果。
即,在口服给药非那雄胺(1mg/日)的情况下,已报道了诸如性欲减退、阳痿、射精障碍等的副作用。基于此,可以认为,本发明的局部施用的组合物显著减少了非那雄胺的剂量,并同时提供好得多的效果,从而为解决常规的副作用提供了一种创新方式。
[表7]
[表8]
*如果p<0.05,则确定具有显著性。
由表7可以看出,相较于比较例2的常规处方,本发明实施例5至6的局部施用的组合物在头发数量和头发厚度(μm)上表现出显著增加。此外,从表8所示的T检验评价结果发现,除实施例6的数据之外所有头发厚度的数据均存在显著性。
临床试验的结果非常重要,因为即使度他雄胺的用量比常规处方中的量小得多,本发明实施例5和6的局部施用的组合物仍表现出更显著的预防脱发和促进毛发生长的效果。
即,在口服给药度他雄胺(0.5mg/日)的情况下,已报道了诸如性欲减退、阳痿、射精障碍等的副作用。基于此,可以认为,本发明的局部施用的组合物显著减少了度他雄胺的剂量,并同时提供好得多的效果,从而为解决常规的副作用提供了一种创新方式。
此外,在临床试验中,毛发的数量和头发厚度的变化是在给药后4至8周测量的,且本发明实施例5和6的局部施用的组合物显示出比常规处方更显著的效果的事实表明,本发明的局部施用的组合物起效非常迅速。
这些临床试验结果表明,由于效果迅速,本发明的局部施用的组合物能够显著提高患者的治疗依从性和满意度。
即,在常规处方的情况下,起效非常慢,许多患者因此而放弃治疗。但是,这些问题可以通过使用本发明的组合物得到显著改善。
此外,如在实施例1至4中所述,可以认为,临床试验的结果表明了本发明的局部施用的组合物在单独使用时的优异效果以及其与常规口服药物组合使用的可能。
试验例2:起效及副作用评价
[表9]
注:以上数据记录于自治疗开始32周后。
如表9所示,所有给药本发明实施例1至6的局部施用的组合物脱发患者表现为100%有效,并且除两名患者暂时经历头皮瘙痒之外,没有发生副作用。
相反,在比较例1至3的常规处方情况下,测试组全部患者(30例患者)中的13%(4例患者)由于无效而放弃了治疗,而且约3.3%(1例患者)有副作用。我们认为,比较例1至3的这些结果与已知的有关副反应和无效的事实是一致的。
Claims (7)
1.用于预防脱发和促进毛发生长的局部施用的组合物,其中以100ml所述组合物计,所述组合物包含0.1mg至5mg的非那雄胺或其药学上可接受的盐和0.5g至5g的米诺地尔或其药学上可接受的盐;并且所述组合物是透皮给药的。
2.权利要求1的组合物,其中以100ml所述组合物计,所述组合物包含5mg的非那雄胺或其药学上可接受的盐和5g的米诺地尔或其药学上可接受的盐。
3.权利要求1的组合物,其中非那雄胺或其药学上可接受的盐以0.001mg至0.12mg的日剂量给药。
4.权利要求1的组合物,其中米诺地尔或其药学上可接受的盐以0.008g至0.12g的日剂量给药。
5.权利要求1的组合物,其还包含阿法雌二醇。
6.权利要求1的组合物,其还包含溶剂,所述溶剂包含具有1至4个碳原子的低级一元醇、多元醇或水。
7.权利要求1的组合物,其中所述局部施用的组合物的剂型选自生发油、头皮护理剂、洗发膏、软膏、化妆水、散剂、精华、湿布、染发剂、洗发水、护发素、洗液、凝胶、贴剂和喷雾剂形式。
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CN113336710A (zh) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-09-03 | 山东理工大学 | 一种用于治疗脱发的米诺地尔-3-甲氧基苯甲酸盐晶型及其制备方法 |
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US20190183890A1 (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2019-06-20 | Rophe Pharma, Inc. | Methods and compositions for promoting hair growth |
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US20170281506A1 (en) | 2017-10-05 |
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